The Chemical Constituents of Piper Methysticum / Or, The Chemical Constituents of the Active Principle of the Ava Root

Obvious typographical errors have been silently corrected. All other spelling and punctuation remains unchanged. In particular the author uses Kavahin for what is now normally referred to as Kavain.
THESIS presented for the degree of MASTER OF SCIENCE at THE COLLEGE OF HAWAII JUNE 1915 by ALICE A. BALL.
The Thesis, herewith, on “The Chemical Constituents of the Active Principle of the Ava Root” by Alice A. Ball, clearly demonstrates her ability to do original work and to present her results in logical form. Approved.
J. F. Illingworth Chair of the Committee on Advanced Degrees.
College of Hawaii, May 14, 1915.
OR THE CHEMICAL CONSTITUENTS OF THE ACTIVE PRINCIPLE OF THE AVA ROOT.
“Among the customs peculiar to the inhabitants of the South Pacific Islands, perhaps the most noted is that of the preparation and drinking of a narcotic beverage called ava , kava , or yakona . Much of its notoriety arises from the repulsive way in which it is sometimes made. Aside from this, it is characteristic of a certain oceanic area, and seems to be as strikingly limited to this area as is the stick-and-groove method of making fire. The custom, is not confined to one ethnic stock, many notices in literature showing that both Papuans and Polynesians practise it. In many of the islands the Liquor is concocted by chewing the root of the Macropiper methysticum, or long pepper, ejecting the comminuted mass into a bowl, adding water, straining out the pulp, and drinking the fluid. In other localities it is made by simply grating the root and adding water.
“The plant from which kava is made is a shrub of the natural order Piperaceae. It is about six feet high with stems ranging from an inch to an inch and a half in thickness; the leaves are cordate and from four to eight inches long. This family is the source of the pepper of commerce and contains several species that are of medicinal and commercial importance.
In making kava, the root and base of the stem is used. The roots usually weigh from two to four pounds, though sometimes as much as 22 pounds. Several varieties are distinguished by the natives; for instance, in Tahiti there is a yellow variety called Marea ; another, which becomes pink on exposure to the air, is called avini-ute .