Bird Biographies
An Introduction to 150 Common Land Birds of the Eastern United States
BY ALICE E. BALL Author of “A YEAR WITH THE BIRDS”
ILLUSTRATED BY ROBERT BRUCE HORSFALL Painter of Backgrounds in Habitat, Groups American Museum of Natural History New York City
56 COLORED PLATES
NEW YORK DODD, MEAD AND COMPANY 1923
Copyright, 1923. By DODD, MEAD & COMPANY, Inc. PRINTED IN U. S. A.
VAIL-BALLOU COMPANY BINGHAMTON AND NEW YORK
TO MY FRIEND ELIZABETH JONES IN LOVING ACKNOWLEDGMENT OF HER UNTIRING AID, UNWAVERING FAITH, AND INSPIRING CRITICISM THIS BOOK IS DEDICATED
In the “Foreword” of this book I express my grateful appreciation to Dr. A. K. Fisher and Mr. E. H. Forbush for permission to use extracts from published works. I wish to add my thanks to Dr. Charles Richmond and Mr. Joseph Riley of the National Museum of Washington, for their courtesy in furnishing me with bird-skins from the National Museum collections and a copy of the A. O. U. Check-list of 1910, used for the descriptions and ranges of the birds described in the text.
I am indebted to Dr. John M. Clarke, Director of the State Museum of the University of New York, for the permission to make selections from Eaton’s “Birds of New York”; also to Dr. Francis H. Herrick, of Western Reserve University, and Dr. Alexander Wetmore, of the Biological Survey, for the right to quote from their publications.
The selections from John Burroughs, Thoreau, Frank Bolles, Dallas Lore Sharp, Florence Merriam, Olive Thorne Miller, Henry W. Longfellow, E. R. Sill, Celia Thaxter, Lucy Larcom, and Edna Dean Proctor, are used by permission of, and by special arrangement with, The Houghton Mifflin Co., the authorized publishers. Three selections from Wilson Flagg’s “Birds of New England” are used by special arrangement with the Page Co. of Boston.
To the Courtesy of D. Appleton & Co. I am indebted for the right to quote one stanza of Bryant’s “To a Waterfowl,” dates and selections from Frank M. Chapman’s “Birds of Eastern North America”; to G. P. Putman’s Sons for the use of three extracts from Dr. Herrick’s “Home Life of Wild Birds,” and to Charles Scribner’s Sons for Henry van Dyke’s rendering of the song sparrow’s song. I acknowledge also with thanks my obligation to Mr. T. Gilbert Pearson, for his permission to use six color-plates of the National Association of Audubon Societies and to quote from the Educational Leaflets of the Society.
Alice Eliza Ball
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ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
FOREWORD
SPRING TWILIGHT
CONTENTS
LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS
PERMANENT RESIDENTS
WINTER RESIDENTS AND VISITORS
FLORIDA JAYS
PACIFIC COAST JAYS
THE CANADA JAY
THE RAVEN
THE LEGEND OF THE CROSSBILL
THE WHITE-WINGED CROSSBILL
THE TREE SPARROW
THE BOHEMIAN WAXWING
EARLY SPRING BIRDS
MIGRATION LISTS
Dates of Arrival of “Summer Visitants” Near New York City
THE SONG SPARROW
THE BLACK PHŒBE
THE BRONZED GRACKLE
THE FLORIDA GRACKLE
THE BOAT-TAILED GRACKLE
THE VESPER SPARROW
LATER SPRING BIRDS
IDENTIFICATION OF WARBLERS
2. THE WATER-THRUSHES
3. THE WORM-EATING WARBLER
2. THE BLACK-POLL WARBLER
2. THE MAGNOLIA WARBLER
2. THE BLACKBURNIAN WARBLER
2. THE PINE WARBLER
3. THE MARYLAND YELLOW-THROAT
The Maryland Yellow-Throat
4. THE HOODED WARBLER
5. WILSON’S WARBLER
6. THE BLACK-THROATED GREEN WARBLER
7. THE CANADIAN WARBLER
8. THE YELLOW-BREASTED CHAT
9. THE YELLOW PALM WARBLER
2. THE BLACK-THROATED BLUE WARBLER
3. THE BLUE-WINGED WARBLER
4. THE GOLDEN-WINGED WARBLER
5. THE NORTHERN PARULA WARBLER
2. THE CHESTNUT-SIDED WARBLER
THE WOOD THRUSH
THE OLIVE-BACKED THRUSH
THE GRAY-CHEEKED THRUSH AND BICKNELL’S THRUSHES
THE VEERY
THE HERMIT THRUSH
AFTERWORD
FOOTNOTES
INDEX
Transcriber’s Notes