Western Bird Guide: Birds of the Rockies and West to the Pacific
The Project Gutenberg eBook, Western Bird Guide, by Chester A. (Chester Albert) Reed, Harry F. Harvey, and Rex I. Brasher
ILLUSTRATIONS BY CHESTER A. REED, B.S.; HARRY F. HARVEY; R. I. BRASHER
Garden City New York DOUBLEDAY, PAGE & COMPANY 1917
Copyright, 1913, by CHAS. K. REED, WORCESTER, MASS.
The numbers and names used in this book are those adopted by the American Ornithologists’ Union, and are known both in this country and abroad. The lengths given are averages; our small birds often vary considerably and may be found either slightly larger or smaller than those quoted.
On some of the pages a number of sub-species are mentioned. Sub-species often cause confusion, because they are usually very similar to the original; they can best be identified by the locality in which they are found.
The nests and eggs are described, as they often lead to the identity of a bird. We would suggest that you neatly, and with ink, make a cross against the name of each bird that you see in your locality, and also that you write at the top of the page the date of the arrival and departure of each bird as you note it; these dates vary so much in different localities that we have not attempted to give them. As many will not wish to soil their books we would suggest that they have a leather-covered copy for the library and a cloth one for pocket use.
1. Æchmophorus occidentalis. 25 to 29 inches.
This is the largest of the grebe family. In summer the back of the neck is black, but in winter it is gray like the back.
Nest. —A floating mass of decayed rushes, sometimes attached to the upright stalks; 2 to 5 pale bluish white eggs are laid, usually much nest stained (2.40 × 1.55). Breeding in colonies.
Range. —Western North America, from the Dakotas and Manitoba to the Pacific, and north to southern Alaska.
2. Colymbus Holboelli. 19 inches.
Charles K. Reed
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HOLBOELL GREBE.
HORNED GREBE.
EARED GREBE.
PIED-BILLED GREBE.
LOON; GREAT NORTHERN DIVER.
PACIFIC LOON.
RED-THROATED LOON.
HORNED PUFFIN.
RHINOCEROS AUKLET.
CASSIN AUKLET.
PAROQUET AUKLET.
WHISKERED AUKLET.
CRESTED AUKLET.
LEAST AUKLET.
ANCIENT MURRELET.
MARBLED MURRELET.
XANTHUS MURRELET.
PIGEON GUILLEMOT.
CALIFORNIA MURRE.
POMARINE JAEGER.
PARASITIC JAEGER.
LONG-TAILED JAEGER.
PACIFIC KITTIWAKE.
RED-LEGGED KITTIWAKE.
GLAUCOUS GULL.
GLAUCOUS-WINGED GULL.
SLATY-BACKED GULL.
WESTERN GULL.
HERRING GULL.
RING-BILLED GULL.
CALIFORNIA GULL.
SHORT-BILLED GULL.
HEERMANN GULL.
BONAPARTE GULL.
SABINE GULL.
CASPIAN TERN.
ELEGANT TERN.
FORSTERS TERN.
COMMON TERN.
ARCTIC TERN.
ALEUTIAN TERN.
LEAST TERN.
BLACK TERN.
SHORT-TAILED ALBATROSS.
LAYSAN ALBATROSS.
YELLOW-NOSED ALBATROSS.
SOOTY ALBATROSS.
SLENDER-BILLED FULMAR.
PINK-FOOTED SHEARWATER.
BLACK-VENTED SHEARWATER.
TOWNSEND SHEARWATER.
DARK-BODIED SHEARWATER.
SLENDER-BILLED SHEARWATER.
FISHER PETREL.
LEAST PETREL.
FORK-TAILED PETREL.
KAEDING PETREL.
LEACH PETREL.
GUADALUPE PETREL.
BLACK PETREL.
ASHY PETREL.
BRANDT CORMORANT.
BAIRD CORMORANTS.
RED-FACED CORMORANT.
CALIFORNIA BROWN PELICAN.
AMERICAN MERGANSER. ORDER ANSERES.
RED-BREASTED MERGANSER.
HOODED MERGANSER.
GADWALL.
MALLARD.
BALDPATE—AMERICAN WIDGEON.
GREEN-WINGED TEAL.
BLUE-WINGED TEAL.
CINNAMON TEAL.
SHOVELLER.
PINTAIL.
WOOD DUCK.
REDHEAD.
CANVAS-BACK.
SCAUP DUCK OR BLUE-BILL.
LESSER SCAUP DUCK.
RING-NECKED DUCK.
AMERICAN GOLDEN-EYE.
BARROW GOLDEN-EYE.
BUFFLE-HEAD.
OLD-SQUAW—LONG-TAILED DUCK.
HARLEQUIN DUCK.
PACIFIC EIDER.
STELLER EIDER.
SPECTACLED EIDER.
KING EIDER.
SCOTER.
WHITE-WINGED SCOTER.
SURF SCOTER.
RUDDY DUCK.
SNOW GOOSE.
ROSS GOOSE.
WHITE-FRONTED GOOSE.
CANADA GOOSE.
CACKLING GOOSE.
BLACK BRANT.
EMPEROR GOOSE.
BLACK-BELLIED TREE-DUCK.
FULVOUS TREE-DUCK.
WHISTLING SWAN.
TRUMPETER SWAN.
GLOSSY IBIS—Family Ibididæ.
WOOD IBIS—Family Ciconiæ.
LEAST BITTERN.
BITTERN—Family Herodii.
GREAT BLUE HERON.
GREEN HERON.
EGRET.
SNOWY EGRET.
BLACK-CROWNED NIGHT HERON.
YELLOW-CROWNED NIGHT HERON.
WHOOPING CRANE—Family Gruidæ.
LITTLE BROWN CRANE.
LIGHT-FOOTED RAIL.—Family Rallidæ.
CALIFORNIA CLAPPER RAIL.
VIRGINIA RAIL.
SORA RAIL.
YELLOW RAIL.
BLACK RAIL.
FLORIDA GALLINULE.
AMERICAN COOT.
RED PHALAROPE.—Family Phalaropodidæ.
NORTHERN PHALAROPE.
WILSON PHALAROPE.
WILSON SNIPE.
AVOCET—Family Recurvirostridæ.
BLACK-NECKED STILT.
DOWITCHER.
STILT SANDPIPER.
KNOT.
PRIBILOF SANDPIPER.
SHARP-TAILED SANDPIPER.
PECTORAL SANDPIPER.
WHITE-RUMPED SANDPIPER.
BAIRD SANDPIPER.
LEAST SANDPIPER.
RED-BACKED SANDPIPER.
SPOONBILL SANDPIPER.
SANDERLING.
WESTERN SANDPIPER.
MARBLED GODWIT.
GREATER YELLOW-LEGS.
WESTERN SOLITARY SANDPIPER.
WESTERN WILLET.
WANDERING TATTLER.
UPLAND PLOVER—BARTRAMIAN SANDPIPER.
BUFF-BREASTED SANDPIPER.
SPOTTED SANDPIPER.
LONG-BILLED CURLEW.
HUDSONIAN CURLEW.
BLACK-BELLIED PLOVER—Family Charadriidæ.
GOLDEN PLOVER.
KILLDEER.
SEMIPALMATED PLOVER.
WILSON PLOVER.
MOUNTAIN PLOVER.
SNOWY PLOVER.
SURF-BIRD—Family Aphrizinæ.
BLACK TURNSTONE.
RUDDY TURNSTONE.
BLACK OYSTER-CATCHER—Family Hæmatopodidæ.
FRAZAR OYSTER-CATCHER.
MASKED BOB-WHITE.
MOUNTAIN QUAIL.
SCALED QUAIL.
CALIFORNIA QUAIL.
GAMBEL QUAIL.
MEARNS QUAIL OR MASSENA PARTRIDGE.
DUSKY GROUSE—Family Tetraonidæ.
FRANKLIN GROUSE.
CANADIAN RUFFED GROUSE.
WILLOW PTARMIGAN.
ROCK PTARMIGAN.
PRAIRIE HEN.
WHITE-TAILED PTARMIGAN.
COLUMBIAN SHARP-TAILED GROUSE.
RING-NECKED PHEASANT.
SAGE GROUSE.
MERRIAM TURKEY.
BAND-TAILED PIGEON—Family Columbidæ.
MOURNING DOVE.
MEXICAN GROUND DOVE.
INCA DOVE.
CALIFORNIA VULTURE—Family Cathartidæ.
TURKEY VULTURE.
WHITE-TAILED KITE.
SWALLOW-TAIL KITE.
WESTERN GOSHAWK.
MARSH HAWK.
SHARP-SHINNED HAWK.
COOPER HAWK.
HARRIS HAWK.
WESTERN RED-TAIL.
RED-BELLIED HAWK.
ZONE-TAILED HAWK.
SWAINSON HAWK.
MEXICAN GOSHAWK.
ROUGH-LEGGED HAWK.
FERRUGINOUS ROUGH-LEGGED HAWK.
GOLDEN EAGLE.
BALD EAGLE.
GRAY GYRFALCON.
PRAIRIE FALCON.
DUCK HAWK.
PIGEON HAWK.
APLOMADO FALCON.
DESERT SPARROW HAWK.
AUDUBON CARACARA.
AMERICAN OSPREY; FISH HAWK.
BARN OWL—Family Aluconidæ.
LONG-EARED OWL—Family Strigidæ.
SHORT-EARED OWL.
SPOTTED OWL.
GREAT GRAY OWL.
RICHARDSON OWL.
SAW-WHET OWL.
SCREECH OWL.
FLAMULATED SCREECH OWL.
WESTERN HORNED OWL.
SNOWY OWL.
HAWK OWL.
BURROWING OWL.
PYGMY OWL.
FERRUGINOUS PYGMY OWL.
ELF OWL.
THICK-BILLED PARROT—Family Psittacidæ.
CALIFORNIA CUCKOO.
COPPERY-TAILED TROGAN—Family Trogonidæ.
BELTED KINGFISHER—Family Alcedinidæ.
RINGED KINGFISHER.
CABANIS WOODPECKER.
ROCKY MOUNTAIN HAIRY WOODPECKER.
GAIRDNER WOODPECKER.
TEXAS WOODPECKER.
NUTTALL WOODPECKER.
ARIZONA WOODPECKER.
WHITE-HEADED WOODPECKER.
ARCTIC THREE-TOED WOODPECKER.
AMERICAN THREE-TOED WOODPECKER.
ALASKA THREE-TOED WOODPECKER.
YELLOW-BELLIED SAPSUCKER.
RED-BREASTED SAPSUCKER.
WILLIAMSON SAPSUCKER.
NORTHERN PILEATED WOODPECKER.
RED-HEADED WOODPECKER.
CALIFORNIA WOODPECKER.
LEWIS WOODPECKER.
RED-BELLIED WOODPECKERS.
GILA WOODPECKER.
RED-SHAFTED WOODPECKER.
GILDED FLICKER.
STEPHENS WHIP-POOR-WILL—Family Caprimulgidæ.
POOR-WILL.
WESTERN NIGHTHAWK.
SENNETT NIGHTHAWK.
TEXAS NIGHTHAWK.
BLACK SWIFT.—Family Micropodidæ.
VAUX SWIFT.
WHITE-THROATED SWIFT.
RIVOLI HUMMINGBIRD.—Family Trochilidæ.
BLUE-THROATED HUMMINGBIRD.
BLACK-CHINNED HUMMINGBIRD.
COSTA HUMMINGBIRD.
ANNA HUMMINGBIRD.
BROAD-TAILED HUMMINGBIRD.
RUFOUS HUMMINGBIRD.
ALLEN’S HUMMINGBIRD.
CALLIOPE HUMMINGBIRD.
LUCIFER HUMMINGBIRD.
RIEFFER HUMMINGBIRD.
BUFF-BELLIED HUMMINGBIRD.
XANTUS HUMMINGBIRD.
WHITE-EARED HUMMINGBIRD.
BROAD-BILLED HUMMINGBIRD
KINGBIRD.—Family Tyrannidæ.
ARKANSAS KINGBIRD.
CASSIN KINGBIRD.
DERBY FLYCATCHER.
SULPHUR-BELLIED FLYCATCHER.
CRESTED FLYCATCHER.
ARIZONA CRESTED FLYCATCHER.
ASH-THROATED FLYCATCHER.
SAY PHŒBE.
BLACK PHŒBE.
OLIVE-SIDED FLYCATCHER.
WESTERN WOOD PEWEE.
WESTERN FLYCATCHER.
TRAILL FLYCATCHER.
HAMMOND FLYCATCHER.
WRIGHT FLYCATCHER.
GRAY FLYCATCHER.
BUFF-BREASTED FLYCATCHER.
VERMILION FLYCATCHER.
BEARDLESS FLYCATCHER.
PALLID HORNED LARK—Family Alaudidæ.
DESERT HORNED LARK.
CALIFORNIA HORNED LARK.
RUDDY HORNED LARK.
STELLER JAY.
WOODHOUSE JAY.
CALIFORNIA JAY.
ARIZONA JAY.
ROCKY MOUNTAIN JAY.
OREGON JAY.
AMERICAN RAVEN.
WHITE-NECKED RAVEN.
NORTHWESTERN CROW.
CLARKE NUTCRACKER,
PINON JAY.
BOBOLINK—Family Icteridæ.
COWBIRD.
BRONZED COWBIRD.
RED-EYED COWBIRD.
YELLOW-HEADED BLACKBIRD.
RED-WINGED BLACKBIRD.
SONORA RED-WING BLACKBIRD.
BICOLORED RED-WING.
TRICOLORED RED-WING.
WESTERN MEADOWLARK.
SCOTT ORIOLE.
SENNETT ORIOLE.
ARIZONA HOODED ORIOLE.
BULLOCK ORIOLE.
RUSTY BLACKBIRD.
BREWER BLACKBIRD.
WESTERN EVENING GROSBEAK.
CALIFORNIA PINE GROSBEAK.
CALIFORNIA PURPLE FINCH.
CASSIN PURPLE FINCH.
HOUSE FINCH.
CROSSBILL.
WHITE-WINGED CROSSBILL.
ALEUTIAN ROSY FINCH.
GRAY-CROWNED ROSY FINCH.
HEPBURN ROSY FINCH.
BLACK ROSY FINCH.
BROWN-CAPPED ROSY FINCH.
HOARY REDPOLL.
REDPOLL.
PALE GOLDFINCH.
WILLOW GOLDFINCH.
ARKANSAS GOLDFINCH.
GREEN-BACKED GOLDFINCH.
LAWRENCE GOLDFINCH.
PINE SISKIN.
SNOW BUNTING OR SNOWFLAKE.
McKAY SNOW BUNTING.
ALASKAN LONGSPUR.
WESTERN VESPER SPARROW.
WESTERN SAVANNAH SPARROW.
BRYANT SPARROW.
BELDING SPARROW.
LARGE-BILLED SPARROW.
SAN BENITO SPARROW.
BAIRD SPARROW.
WESTERN GRASSHOPPER SPARROW.
LECONTE SPARROW.
WESTERN LARK SPARROW.
GAMBEL SPARROW.
GOLDEN-CROWNED SPARROW.
WESTERN TREE SPARROW.
WESTERN CHIPPING SPARROW.
CLAY-COLORED SPARROW.
BREWER SPARROW.
WORTHEN SPARROW.
BLACK-CHINNED SPARROW.
WHITE-WINGED JUNCO.
SLATE-COLORED JUNCO.
OREGON JUNCO.
PINK-SIDED JUNCO.
THURBER JUNCO.
GRAY-HEADED JUNCO.
BAIRD JUNCO.
GUADALUPE JUNCO.
DESERT SPARROW.
BELL SPARROW.
SAGE SPARROW.
CALIFORNIA SAGE SPARROW.
BOTTERI SPARROW.
CASSIN SPARROW.
RUFOUS-WINGED SPARROW.
RUFOUS-CROWNED SPARROW.
SONG SPARROW.
HEERMANN SONG SPARROW.
RUSTY SONG SPARROW.
LINCOLN SPARROW.
SHUMAGIN FOX SPARROW.
THICK-BILLED FOX SPARROW.
OREGON TOWHEE.
SAN DIEGO TOWHEE.
CANON TOWHEE.
CALIFORNIA TOWHEE.
ABERT TOWHEE.
GREEN-TAILED TOWHEE.
ARIZONA CARDINAL.
ARIZONA PYRRHULOXIA.
BLACK-HEADED GROSBEAK.
WESTERN BLUE GROSBEAK.
INDIGO BUNTING.
LAZULI BUNTING.
BEAUTIFUL BUNTING.
DICKCISSEL.
LARK BUNTING.
WESTERN TANAGER.
HEPATIC TANAGER.
COOPER TANAGER.
WESTERN MARTIN.
CLIFF SWALLOW.
BARN SWALLOW.
TREE SWALLOW.
NORTHERN VIOLET-GREEN SWALLOW.
BANK SWALLOW.
ROUGH-WINGED SPARROW.
BOHEMIAN WAXWING.
CEDAR WAXWING.
PHAINOPEPLA.
NORTHERN SHRIKE.
CALIFORNIA SHRIKE.
RED-EYED VIREO.
WARBLING VIREO.
CASSIN VIREO.
BLACK-CAPPED VIREO.
HUTTON VIREO.
ANTHONY VIREO.
LEAST VIREO.
GRAY VIREO.
LUCY WARBLER.
VIRGINIA WARBLER.
CALAVERAS WARBLER.
ORANGE-CROWNED WARBLER.
LUTESCENT WARBLER.
OLIVE WARBLER.
YELLOW WARBLER.
MYRTLE WARBLER.
AUDUBON WARBLER.
MAGNOLIA WARBLER.
BLACK-POLL WARBLER.
GRACE WARBLER.
BLACK-THROATED GRAY WARBLER.
BLACK-THROATED GREEN WARBLER.
TOWNSEND WARBLER.
HERMIT WARBLER.
GRINNELL WATER THRUSH.
MACGILLIVRAY WARBLER.
WESTERN YELLOW-THROAT.
PACIFIC YELLOW-THROAT.
LONG-TAILED CHAT.
PILEOLATED WARBLER.
REDSTART
PAINTED REDSTART.
RED-FACED WARBLER.
ALASKAN YELLOW TAIL.
PIPIT, OR TITLARK.
SPRAGUE PIPIT.
Family MIMIDÆ.—SAGE THRASHER.
WESTERN MOCKINGBIRD
CATBIRD.
PALMER THRASHER.
BENDIRE THRASHER.
CALIFORNIA THRASHER.
LECONTE THRASHER.
CRISSAL THRASHER.
CACTUS WREN.
ROCK WREN.
CAÑON WREN.
VIGOR WREN.
WESTERN HOUSE WREN.
WESTERN WINTER WREN.
ALASKA WREN.
ALEUTIAN WREN.
TULE WREN.
ROCKY MOUNTAIN CREEPER.
SLENDER-BILLED NUTHATCH.
RED-BREASTED NUTHATCH.
PYGMY NUTHATCH.
PLAIN TITMOUSE.
BLACK-CRESTED TITMOUSE.
BRIDLED TITMOUSE.
OREGON CHICKADEE.
MEXICAN CHICKADEE.
MOUNTAIN CHICKADEE.
ALASKA CHICKADEE.
HUDSONIAN CHICKADEE.
CHESTNUT-BACKED CHICKADEE.
CALIFORNIA CHICKADEE.
BUSH-TIT.
LEAD-COLORED BUSH-TIT.
LLOYD BUSH-TIT.
VERDIN.
WREN-TIT.
KENNICOTT WARBLER.
WESTERN GOLDEN-CROWNED KINGLET.
RUBY-CROWNED KINGLET.
WESTERN GNATCATCHER.
PLUMBEOUS GNATCATCHER.
BLACK-TAILED GNATCATCHER.
TOWNSEND SOLITAIRE.
WILLOW THRUSH.
GRAY-CHEEKED THRUSH.
RUSSET-BACKED THRUSH.
OLIVED-BACKED THRUSH.
ALASKA HERMIT THRUSH.
AUDUBON HERMIT THRUSH.
WESTERN ROBIN.
VARIED THRUSH.
WHEATEAR.
WESTERN BLUEBIRD.
CHESTNUT-BACKED BLUEBIRD.
MOUNTAIN BLUEBIRD.
INDEX
Transcriber’s Note
