Milch Cows and Dairy Farming / Comprising the Breeds, Breeding, and Management, in Health and Disease, of Dairy and Other Stock, the Selection of Milch Cows, with a Full Explanation of Guenon's Method; The Culture of Forage Plants, and the Production of Milk, Butter, and Cheese: Embodying the Most Recent Improvements, and Adapted to Farming in the United States and British Provinces. With a Treatise upon the Dairy Husbandry of Holland; To Which Is Added Horsfall's System of Dairy Management
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WITH A TREATISE UPON THE DAIRY HUSBANDRY OF HOLLAND; TO WHICH IS ADDED HORSFALL’S SYSTEM OF DAIRY MANAGEMENT.
By CHARLES L. FLINT, SECRETARY OF THE MASSACHUSETTS STATE BOARD OF AGRICULTURE; AUTHOR OF “A TREATISE ON GRASSES AND FORAGE PLANTS,” ETC.
LIBERALLY ILLUSTRATED.
BOSTON: PHILLIPS, SAMPSON AND COMPANY, 13 WINTER STREET. 1859.
Entered according to Act of Congress, in the year 1858, by CHARLES L. FLINT, In the Clerk’s Office of the District Court of the District of Massachusetts.
Stereotyped by HOBART A ROBBINS, New England Type and Stereotype Foundery, BOSTON.
PRINTED BY R. M. EDWARDS.
TO THE MASS. STATE BOARD OF AGRICULTURE, THE MASS. SOCIETY FOR THE PROMOTION OF AGRICULTURE, AND THE VARIOUS AGRICULTURAL SOCIETIES OF THE UNITED STATES, WHOSE EFFORTS HAVE CONTRIBUTED SO LARGELY TO IMPROVE THE DAIRY STOCK OF OUR COUNTRY This Treatise, DESIGNED TO ADVANCE THAT HIGHLY IMPORTANT INTEREST, IS RESPECTFULLY DEDICATED, BY THE AUTHOR.
This work is designed to embody the most recent information on the subject of dairy farming. My aim has been to make a practically useful book. With this view, I have treated of the several breeds of stock, the diseases to which they are subject, the established principles of breeding, the feeding and management of milch cows, the raising of calves intended for the dairy, and the culture of grasses and plants to be used as fodder.
For the chapter on the diseases of stock, I am largely indebted to Dr. C. M. Wood, Professor of the Theory and Practice of Veterinary Medicine, and to Dr. Geo. H. Dadd, Professor of Anatomy and Physiology, both of the Boston Veterinary Institute. If this chapter contributes anything to promote a more humane and judicious treatment of cattle when suffering from disease, I shall feel amply repaid for the labor bestowed upon the whole work.
The chapter on the Dutch dairy, which I have translated from the German, will be found to be of great practical value, as suggesting much that is applicable to our American dairies. This chapter has never before, to my knowledge, appeared in English.
Charles Louis Flint
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CONTENTS.
PREFACE.
The Ayrshires
The Jersey
The Short-horns.
The Dutch
Herefords.
The North Devons.
Soiling.
Milking.
The Barn.
Timothy grass
June grass
Meadow Foxtail
Orchard grass, or Rough Cocksfoot
Rough-stalked Meadow grass
Fowl Meadow grass
Rye grass
Italian Rye grass
Redtop
English Bent
Meadow Fescue
Tall Oat grass
Sweet-scented Vernal grass
Hungarian grass, or Millet
Red Clover
White Clover
Indian Corn
Rye
Oats
Chinese Sugar-Cane
Mangold Wurzel
Linseed Meal
Rape-Cake
Cotton-seed Meal
Manures
Cheshire Cheese
Stilton Cheese
Gloucester Cheese
Cheddar Cheese
Dunlop Cheese
Dutch Cheese
Parmesan
American Cheese
Garget
Puerperal or Milk Fever.
Simple Fever.
Typhoid Fever
Hoove or Hoven
Choking
Foul in the Foot.
Red Water
Hoose
Inflammation of the Glands
Inflammation of the Lungs.
Diarrhœa
Dysentery
Mange
Lice
Warbles.
Loss of Cud
Diseases of Calves.
Diarrhœa, Purging, or Scours
Constipation or Costiveness
Hoove
Canker in the Mouth
Milking and Treatment of Milk.
Determination of the Milking Qualities of the Cows.
Treatment of Milk for Butter.
Methods of Churning.
Churning in the Common Churn.
The Lever Churn
Churning with an Elastic Rod.
Churning with the Treadle Lever.
Churning by Horse-power.
Duration of the Churning.
Working and Treatment of Butter.
The Form of Fresh Butter.
The Packing of Butter in Firkins and Barrels.
Coloring of Butter.
Use of the Butter-milk.
The Manufacture of the different kinds of Dutch Cheese.
Cheese-making in South Holland.
Manufacture of Sweet Milk Cheese in South Holland.
The Use of the Whey of Sweet Milk Cheese.
May Cheese.
Jews’ Cheese.
Council’s Cheese.
New Milk’s Cheese.
Cheese-making in North Holland.
The Utensils used in Cheese-making in North Holland
Variety of North Dutch Cheeses, and the Trade in them
Making of Edam Cheese.
The Red Color of Edam Cheese.
Use of the Whey of the North Dutch Sweet Milk Cheese
APPENDIX.
Gain or Loss of Condition ascertained by weighing Cattle Periodically.
Richness of Milk and Cream.
Comparison of different methods of Feeding Dairy Cows.
Quality of Butter.
INDEX.
Transcriber’s Notes