Voyage to Jupiter
NASA SP-439
David Morrison and Jane Samz
Scientific and Technical Information Branch 1980 National Aeronautics and Space Administration Washington, DC
For sale by the Superintendent of Documents
U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C. 20402
Library of Congress Catalog Card Number 80-600126
Few missions of planetary exploration have provided such rewards of insight and surprise as the Voyager flybys of Jupiter. Those who were fortunate enough to be with the science teams during those weeks will long remember the experience; it was like being in the crow’s nest of a ship during landfall and passage through an archipelago of strange islands. We had known that Jupiter would be remarkable, for man had been studying it for centuries, but we were far from prepared for the torrent of new information that the Voyagers poured back to Earth.
Some of the spirit of excitement and connection is captured in this volume. Its senior author was a member of the Imaging Team. It is not common that a person can both “do science” at the leading edge and also present so vivid an inside picture of a remarkable moment in the history of space exploration.
April 30, 1980
Thomas A. Mutch
Associate Administrator
Office of Space Science
David Morrison
Jane Samz
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Voyage To Jupiter
FOREWORD
INTRODUCTION
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
CONTENTS
Introduction
Early Discoveries
Jupiter Through the Telescope
Recent Earth-Based Studies of Jupiter
The Jovian Magnetosphere
The Jovian Satellites
Reaching for the Outer Planets
The Pioneer Jupiter Mission
Flight to Jupiter
Jupiter Results
Genesis of Voyager
Redesign of the Mission
The Objectives of Voyager
The Spacecraft
Introduction
Direct and Remote Measurements
Imaging
Infrared Spectrometer
Ultraviolet Spectrometer
Photopolarimeter
Planetary Radio Astronomy
Magnetometer
Plasma Particles
Plasma Waves
Low Energy Charged Particles
Cosmic Rays
Radio Science
Launch
The First Year Is the Roughest
Cruise Phase Science
The Observatory Phase
Far Encounter Phase
The Giant Is Full of Surprises
Fire and Brimstone
Approaching Jupiter
The Encounter
A New Satellite
A Star That Failed
Composition and Atmospheric Structure
Weather on Jupiter
Order out of Chaos
Lights in the Night Sky
Magnetic Field
The Magnetosphere
Rings of Jupiter
Jupiter’s Satellite System
Callisto
Ganymede
Europa
Io
Energy for the Io Volcanoes
The Io Torus
A Successor to Voyager
The Scientific Capability of Galileo
Galileo Mission Design
Beyond Galileo
Preliminary Pictorial Map of Callisto
Preliminary Pictorial Map of Ganymede
Preliminary Pictorial Map of Europa
Preliminary Pictorial Map of Io
Imaging Science
Radio Science
Plasma Wave
Infrared Spectroscopy and Radiometry
Ultraviolet Spectroscopy
Photopolarimetry
Planetary Radio Astronomy
Magnetic Fields
Plasma Science
Low-Energy Charged Particles
Cosmic Ray
NASA Office of Space Science
NASA Office of Space Tracking and Data Systems
NASA Office of Space Transportation Systems
Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, California
California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California
ADDITIONAL READING
TECHNICAL
NONTECHNICAL
Transcriber’s Notes
