Nature's Teachings: Human Invention Anticipated by Nature

NATURE’S TEACHINGS

BY THE LATE REV. J. G. WOOD, M.A., F.L.S., Etc. AUTHOR OF “HOMES WITHOUT HANDS,” “MAN AND BEAST, HERE AND HEREAFTER,” ETC. NEW AND REVISED EDITION LONDON J. S. VIRTUE & CO., Limited, 26, IVY LANE PATERNOSTER ROW LONDON: PRINTED BY J. S. VIRTUE AND CO., LIMITED. CITY ROAD.

A GLANCE at almost any page of this work will denote its object. It is to show the close connection between Nature and human inventions, and that there is scarcely an invention of man that has not its prototype in Nature. And it is worthy of notice that the greatest results have been obtained from means apparently the most insignificant.
There are two inventions, for example, which have changed the face of the earth, and which yet sprang from sources that were despised by men, and thought only fit for the passing sport of childhood. I allude, of course, to Steam and Electricity, both of which had been child’s toys for centuries before the one gave us the fixed engine, the locomotive, and the steamboat, and the other supplied us with the compass and the electric telegraph.
In the course of this work I have placed side by side a great number of parallels of Nature and Art, making the descriptions as terse and simple as possible, and illustrating them with more than seven hundred and fifty figures. The corollary which I hope will be drawn from the work is evident enough. It is, that as existing human inventions have been anticipated by Nature, so it will surely be found that in Nature lie the prototypes of inventions not yet revealed to man. The great discoverers of the future will, therefore, be those who will look to Nature for Art, Science, or Mechanics, instead of taking pride in some new invention, and then finding that it has existed in Nature for countless centuries.
I ought to mention that the illustrations are not intended to be finished drawings, but merely charts or maps, calling attention to the salient points.

J. G. Wood
Содержание

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The Raft.


The Boat.


The Pitfall.


The Club.


The Sword.


The Spear and the Dagger.


Animal Poisons.


Vegetable Poisons.


Natural Animal Poisons.


Natural Vegetable Poisons.


The Barb.


The Net.


The Rod and Line.


The Spring-trap.


The Baited Trap.


Birdlime.


Reverted Spikes.


Spiked Defences.


Tearing Weapons.


The Hook.


Armour.


The Fort.


Scaling Instruments.


Defence of Fort.


Imitation.


The Fall-trap.


Concealment.


Disguise.


The Trench.


Gravity as a Propulsive Agent.


Miscellanea.


The Hut.


Floors and Pillars.


Tunnel Entrance to the Dwelling.


Doors and Hinges.


Mud Walls.


Porches, Eaves, and Windows.


The Window.


Girders, Ties, and Buttresses.


The Tunnel used as a Passage.


The Suspension-bridge.


The Dam.


Subterranean Dwellings.


The Pyramid.


Subaquatic Mortar.—Paint and Varnish.


The Spade.


Shears and Scissors.


The Chisel and the Adze.


The Plane and Spokeshave.


The Ribbon Saw, Cordon or Band Saw.


The Circular Saw.


Boring Tools.


Striking Tools.


Grasping Tools.


Files and Sand-papers.


Tools of Measurement.


The Spirit-level.


Callipers.


The Camera Obscura and the Eye.


Long and Short Sight.


The Stereoscope and Pseudoscope.


The Multiplying-glass.


The Water Telescope.


The Iris of the Eye.


The Magic Lantern.


The Spectroscope.


The Thaumatrope.


Earthenware.


Ball-and-socket Joint.


The Toggle or Knee Joint.


Crushing Instruments.


The Rolling-mill.


The Grindstone.


Pressure of Atmosphere.


Seed-drills.


Cloth-dressing Machine.


Brushes.


Combs.


Buttons, Hooks and Eyes, and Clasp.


The Stopper, or Cork.


The Filter.


Elastic Springs.


The Spiral Spring.


Spiral and Ringed Tissues.


Diving and Divers.


The Leaping Spring.


Artificial Warmth.


Ring and Staple.


The Fan.


Burial.


Aërostatics.


Weight of Air.


Means and Appliances.


Locomotion.—Direct Action.


Distribution of Weight.


Tree-climbing.


The Wheel.


Art.


Stippling.


Plaster Casts.


Corrugated Iron.


Electricity and Magnetism.


Magnetism.


The Spiral.


Centrifugal Force.


The Escapement.


Union is Strength.


Principle of the Dome.


The String and Reed.


Acoustics as Aids to Surgery.


Measurement of Sound.


Echo.

О книге

Язык

Английский

Год издания

2016-10-17

Темы

Natural history; Inventions

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