Illuminated manuscripts in classical and mediaeval times, their art and their technique
ILLUMINATED MANUSCRIPTS IN CLASSICAL AND MEDIAEVAL TIMES,
THEIR ART AND THEIR TECHNIQUE
J. HENRY MIDDLETON,
SLADE PROFESSOR OF FINE ART, DIRECTOR OF THE FITZWILLIAM MUSEUM, AND FELLOW OF KING'S COLLEGE, CAMBRIDGE; AUTHOR OF ANCIENT ROME IN 1888 , THE ENGRAVED GEMS OF CLASSICAL TIMES &c.
CAMBRIDGE:
AT THE UNIVERSITY PRESS:
1892
Classical Manuscripts written with a Stilus.
Survival of classical methods in mediaeval times; epigraphy and palaeography; manuscripts on metal plates; lead rolls; tin rolls; gold amulets; Petelia tablet; waxed tablets and diptychs; tablets shown on gems and coins; tablets found in tombs; tablets from Pompeii; Consular diptychs; many-leaved tablets; the form of the waxed tablets; whitened boards used by the Greeks; late survival of tablets; bidding the beads; lists of members of guilds; wooden book in Norway; ivory tablets and diptychs; inscribed Anglo-Saxon lead tablet; horn-books.
Classical Manuscripts written with Pen and Ink.
Two forms of manuscripts, the roll and the codex; Egyptian Books of the Dead; Book of Ani; existing manuscripts on papyrus; the library of papyrus rolls found at Herculaneum; Herodotus on manuscripts; use of parchment; manuscripts on linen; inscribed potsherds or ostraka ; manuscripts on leaves of trees; Greek libraries; Roman libraries; a list of the public libraries in Rome; Roman library fittings and decorations; recently discovered library in Rome; authors' portraits; closed bookcases; booksellers' quarter; cost of Roman books; slave scribes; librarii of Rome. The technique of ancient manuscripts; parchment and vellum; palimpsests; papyrus manuscripts; process of making papyrus paper; use of papyrus in Greece and Rome; ancient papyrus manuscripts; the qualities of papyrus paper; the form of papyrus rolls; the wooden roller; inscribed titles; coloured inks; use of cedar oil; black carbon ink, its manufacture and price; red inks and rubrics; purple ink; double inkstands; pens of reeds and of metal; Egyptian scribes' palettes, pen-cases, and pens.
J. H. Middleton
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PREFACE.
BOOKS ON ILLUMINATED MSS.
LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS.
CHAPTER I.
Classical Manuscripts written with a Stilus.
CHAPTER II.
Classical Manuscripts written with Pen and Ink.
CHAPTER III.
Classical illuminated Manuscripts.
CHAPTER IV.
Byzantine Manuscripts.
CHAPTER V.
Manuscripts of the Carolingian Period.
CHAPTER VI.
The Celtic School of Manuscripts.
CHAPTER VII.
CHAPTER VIII.
The Anglo-Norman School of Manuscripts.
CHAPTER IX.
French Manuscripts.
CHAPTER X.
Printed Books with Painted Illuminations.
CHAPTER XI.
CHAPTER XII.
The Illuminated Manuscripts of Italy and Spain.
CHAPTER XIII.
The Writers of Illuminated Manuscripts.
The Secular Scribes and Illuminators.
CHAPTER XIV.
CHAPTER XV.
CHAPTER XVI.
The Bindings of Manuscripts.
APPENDIX.
Note by Henry Bradshaw.
NOTES.