Earthquakes and other earth movements

THE INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC SERIES VOLUME LV
THE INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC SERIES
BY JOHN MILNE PROFESSOR OF MINING AND GEOLOGY IN THE IMPERIAL COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, TOKIO, JAPAN
WITH THIRTY-EIGHT FIGURES
NEW YORK D. APPLETON AND COMPANY 1, 3, and 5 BOND STREET 1886
In the following pages it has been my object to give a systematic account of various Earth Movements.
These comprise Earthquakes , or the sudden violent movements of the ground; Earth Tremors , or minute movements which escape our attention by the smallness of their amplitude; Earth Pulsations , or movements which are overlooked on account of the length of their period; and lastly, Earth Oscillations , or movements of long period and large amplitude which attract so much attention from their geological importance.
It is difficult to separate these Earth Movements from each other, because they are phenomena which only differ in degree, and which are intimately associated in their occurrence and in their origin.
Because Earthquakes are phenomena which have attracted a universal attention since the earliest times, and about them so many observations have been made, they are treated of at considerable length.
As very much of what might be said about the other Earth Movements is common to what is said about Earthquakes, it has been possible to make the description of these phenomena comparatively short.
The scheme which has been adopted will be understood from the following table:—
In some instances the grouping of phenomena according to the above scheme may be found inaccurate, as, for example, in the chapters referring to the effects and causes of Earthquakes.