Non-technical chats on iron and steel, and their application to modern industry
Transcriber’s Note:
New original cover art included with this eBook is granted to the public domain.
La VERNE W. SPRING, A.B.
CHIEF CHEMIST AND METALLURGIST, CRANE CO., CHICAGO
WITH TWO HUNDRED AND NINETY-FOUR ILLUSTRATIONS AND DIAGRAMS
NEW YORK
FREDERICK A. STOKES COMPANY
PUBLISHERS
Copyright, 1917, by
Frederick A. Stokes Company
All rights reserved, including that of translation
into foreign languages
La Verne W. Spring
---
FOREWORD
CONTENTS
Iron Ore
Charcoal
Coke
The Beehive Oven Process
The By-product Process
Coal
Fluxes
The Metallographic Method of Classification
Classification by Chemical Analysis and by Physical Tests
Volumetric Analysis of the Iron Alloys
Bushelled Iron
Manganese Steel
Silicon Steels
Molybdenum Steels
Tungsten Steels
Nickel Steel
Chrome and Nickel-Chrome Steels
Chrome-Vanadium Steels
Forging
Drop Forgings
Forging of Large Pieces by Hydraulic Press
Forging vs. Rolling
The “Two-High” Mill
The “Three-High” Mill
The Reversing Mill
“Breaking-Down” the Ingot
The Rolling of Steel Plates
Sheets
The Rolling of Rails and Structural Shapes
Specifications and Inspection
The Belgian Mill
The Bedson Continuous Mill
The Morgan Continuous Mill
The Garrett Mill
The Butt-Weld Process
Lap-Welded Pipes
The “Point of Recalescence”
Loss of Magnetism
Dilatation and Conductivity
Recalescence Indicates the Hardening Point
Steels of Other Composition
The Meaning of the Points
The Structures of Quenched and Unquenched Steel
Tempering or Drawing
How and Why Do the Steels Harden?
The “Eutectic”
Transformations and Decompositions
The Cast Irons
REFERENCES
CHAPTER I
CHAPTER II
CHAPTER III
CHAPTER IV
CHAPTER VI
CHAPTER VII
CHAPTER VIII
CHAPTER IX
CHAPTER XII
CHAPTER XIII
CHAPTER XVI
CHAPTER XVII
INDEX
