Rockets, Missiles, and Spacecraft of the National Air and Space Museum, Smithsonian Institution
SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION
LYNNE C. MURPHY
Published by the Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, D.C., 1976
Welcome to the National Air and Space Museum, part of the Smithsonian family. The flight of the Wrights in 1903 opened the door to ever more rapid and powerful ascents into the third dimension. This country, putting its scientific and technical talents to work, has produced an array of fascinating and complex machines. Fortunately, nearly all of the most significant ones have been preserved, and a sampling of them is included in this booklet. I hope that you will enjoy it, and that it will add to your understanding of what air and space progress has meant to all of us.
Michael Collins
Director, National Air and Space Museum
Viking 2 —bound for Mars—is launched aboard Titan Centaur on September 9, 1975.
National Air and Space Museum. Rockets, missiles, and spacecraft of the National Air and Space Museum, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C. Bibliography: p. 1. Astronautics—United States—Exhibitions. 2. National Air and Space Museum. I. Murphy, Lynne C. II. Title: Rockets, missiles, and spacecraft of the National Air and Space Museum ... TL506.U6W376 1976 629.4′0973′0740153 76-6961
Printed in the U.S.A.
Designed by Elizabeth Sur
1, A-42103 (SI); 2, 74-H-1066 (NASA); 3, 74-H-1244 (NASA); 4, A-3757 (SI); 5, 72-8670 (SI); 6, 58-Explorer I-1 (NASA); 7, 62-Mariner II-34 (NASA); 8, 63-Mariner II-26 (NASA); 9, 62-MA 6-74 (NASA); 10, 62-MA6-111 (NASA); 11, 65-H-934 (NASA); 12, 65-H-937 (NASA); 13, 69-H-1199 (NASA); 14, 69-H-1367 (NASA); 15, 76-4880-81 (SI); 16, P-14054 (JPL, NASA, Pasadena, California); 17, 73-H-993 (NASA); 18, 74-H-239 (NASA); 19, 75-15926 (SI); 20, 74-H-1220 (NASA); 21, A-50483 (SI); 22, 65-H-817 (NASA); 23, 76-1706 (SI); 24, 76-1705 (SI); 25, 71-H-413 (NASA); 26, 62-NC-2 (NASA); 27, 63-ARCAS-1 (NASA); 28, 75-16094 (SI); 29, 75-16228 (SI); 30, 75-16276 (SI); 31, 61-DELTA-4-6 (NASA); 32, 66-H-223 (NASA); 33, VAN-11 (NASA); 34, 67-H-1008 (NASA); 35, 66-H-28 (NASA); 36, 60-TIROS-5 (NASA); 37, 69-H-1915 (NASA); 38, 68-H-111 (NASA); 39, 62-RELAY-17 (NASA); 40, 71-H-1414 (NASA); 41, 69-H-285 (NASA); 42, 66-H-871 (NASA); 43, 76-H-1182 (NASA); 44, 69-H-1986 (NASA); 45, 76-1704 (SI); 46, A-459994 (SI); 47, A-5293 (SI); 48, A-1085 (SI); 49, 75-11488 (SI); 50, A-4554 (SI); 51, 72-H-1240 (NASA); 52, 63-CENTAUR-15 (NASA); 53, 75-13753 (SI); 54, 76-2756 (SI); 55, 76-2687 (SI); 56, 75-H-461 (NASA); 57, 76-4479-6 (SI); 58, 62-MA6-109 (NASA); 59, 71-H-1380 (NASA); 60, 65-H-1021 (NASA); 61, A-5367 (SI); 62, 75-10232 (SI); 63, A-5073 (SI); 64, 75-16091 (SI); 65, 76-1625-11 (SI); 66, 73-733 (SI); 67, SPACE-12 (NASA); 68, 67-H-1609 (NASA); 69, 64-H-2795 (NASA); 70, 65-H-674 (NASA); 71, 76-1707 (SI); 72, 76-1708 (SI); 73, 73-H-928 (NASA); 74, 71-H-398 (NASA); 75, 68-H-423 (NASA); 76, 68-H-422 (NASA); 77, 75-H-248 (NASA); 78, 75-H-1081 (NASA); 79, 75-H-891 (NASA); 80, 75-H-1077 (NASA); 81, 71-H-525 (NASA); 82, 61-MR3-76 (NASA); 83, 65-H-2355 (NASA); 84, 72-H-734 (NASA); 85, 62-F1-2 (NASA); 86, 67-H-1205 (NASA); 87, 71-H-1416 (NASA); 88, 70-H-1392 (NASA); 89, 71-H-335 (NASA); 90, 74-H-63 (NASA); 91, S-71-45480 (NASA, Johnson Space Center); 92, 72-H-1571 (NASA).
Lynne C. Murphy
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Contents
Introduction
Robert H. Goddard’s Rockets: March 16, 1926, and 1941
Sputnik 1
Explorer 1
Mariner 2
Friendship 7
Gemini 4
Apollo 11 Command Module, Columbia
Ponnamperuma Experiments
Photomosaic Globe of Mars
Mariner 10
U.S.S. Enterprise
Goddard A-Series Rocket, 1935
WAC Corporal
Aerobee 150
Farside
Nike-Cajun
ARCAS
Cricket
Viking 12
MOUSE
Agena-B
Science Satellites
Meteorological Satellites
Communications Satellites
Lunar Module
Lunar Orbiter
Surveyor
Goddard Rockets: May 1926 and “Hoopskirt,” 1928
The Rocket of May 4, 1926
The “Hoopskirt” Rocket
19th-Century Rockets: Congreve and Hale
American Rocket Society: Engines and Parts
H-1 Engine
RL-10 Engine
JATO Units
LR-87 Engine
Toward 2076: The Future of Rocket Propulsion
A Cesium Ion Rocket Engine
Project Orion
The Plug-Nozzle Rocket Engine
Space Suits
V-2 (A-4)
V-1
German Antiaircraft Missiles
Rheintochter I
Hs-298
X-4
Jupiter-C
Vanguard
Scout
Minuteman III
Poseidon C-3
Skylab
Apollo-Soyuz Test Project
M2-F3 Lifting Body
Freedom 7
Gemini 7
F-1 Engine
Lunar Roving Vehicle
Apollo Lunar Tools and Equipment
Apollo Command Module: Skylab 4
Moon Rocks
Suggested Reading
Front Cover:
Back Cover:
Transcriber’s Notes