Unwritten Literature of Hawaii: The Sacred Songs of the Hula
SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION
BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY
BY NATHANIEL B. EMERSON, A.M., M.D.
WASHINGTON
GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE
Previous to the year 1906 the researches of the Bureau were restricted to the American Indians, but by act of Congress approved June 30 of that year the scope of its operations was extended to include the natives of the Hawaiian islands. Funds were not specifically provided, however, for prosecuting investigations among these people, and in the absence of an appropriation for this purpose it was considered inadvisable to restrict the systematic investigations among the Indian tribes in order that the new field might be entered. Fortunately the publication of valuable data pertaining to Hawaii is already provided for, and the present memoir by Doctor Emerson is the first of the Bureau’s Hawaiian series. It is expected that this Bulletin will be followed shortly by one comprising an extended list of works relating to Hawaii, compiled by Prof. H.M. Ballou and Dr. Cyrus Thomas.
Nathaniel Bright Emerson
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PREFATORY NOTE
CONTENTS
ILLUSTRATIONS
MUSICAL PIECES
INTRODUCTION
I.—THE HULA
THE HALAU
THE KUAHU
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III.—THE GODS OF THE HULA.
IV.—SUPPORT AND ORGANIZATION OF THE HULA
RULES OF CONDUCT AND TABUS
V—CEREMONIES OF GRADUATION; DÉBUT OF A HULA DANCER
CEREMONIES OF GRADUATION
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DÉBUT OF A HULA DANCER
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VI.—THE PASSWORD—THE SONG OF ADMISSION
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VII.—WORSHIP AT THE ALTAR OF THE HALAU
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VIII.—COSTUME OF THE HULA DANCER
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IX.—THE HULA ALA’A-PAPA
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X.—THE HULA PA-ÍPU, OR KUÓLO
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XI.—THE HULA KI’I
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XII.—THE HULA PAHU
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XIII.—THE HULA ÚLI-ULÍ
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XIV.—THE HULA PUÍLI
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XV.—THE HULA KA-LAAU
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XVI.—THE HULA ÍLI-ÍLI
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XVII.—THE HULA KÁ-ÉKE-ÉKE
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XVIII.—AN INTERMISSION
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XIX.—THE HULA MAU-KANI
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XX.—THE HULA OHE
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XXI.—THE MUSIC AND MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS OF THE HAWAIIANS
MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS
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EXPLANATORY REMARKS
ELOCUTION AND RHYTHMIC ACCENT IN HAWAIIAN SONG
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EXPLANATORY NOTE
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XXII.—GESTURE
XXIII.—THE HULA PA-HUA
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XXIV—THE HULA PELE
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XXV.—THE HULA PA’I-UMAUMA
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XXVI.—THE HULA KU’I MOLOKAI
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XXVII.—THE HULA KIELÉI
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XXVIII.—THE HULA MÚ’U-MÚ’U
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XXIX.—THE HULA KOLANI
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XXX.—THE HULA KOLEA
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XXXI.—THE HULA MANÓ
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XXXII.—THE HULA ILÍO
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XXXIII.—THE HULA PUA’A
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XXXIV.—THE HULA OHELO
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XXXV.—THE HULA KILU
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XXXVI.—THE HULA HOO-NA-NÁ
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XXXVII.—THE HULA ULILI
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XXXVIII.—THE HULA O-NIU
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XXXIX.—THE HULA KU’I
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XL.—THE OLI
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XLI.—THE WATER OF KANE
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XLII.—GENERAL REVIEW
GLOSSARY
INDEX
[NOTE.—All Hawaiian words, as such (except catch words), are italicized.]
