Bisayan grammar and notes on Bisayan rhetoric and poetics and Filipino dialectology
A Bisayan Grammar
and Notes on Bisayan Rhetoric and Poetics and Filipino Dialectology
By Norberto Romuáldez, B.A. —Provincial Fiscal of Leyte, P.I. — —Attorney-at-Law— —Formerly Director of “San Jose” College of Takloban— —Professor of Latin—
O! good my lord, no Latin;
I am not such a truant since my coming
As not to know the language I have liv’d in
SHAKESPEARE
1908. “PAG PAHAYAG” CO.—TAKLOBAN.
Copyright 1908 By Norberto Romuáldez
All Rights of Publication and Translation Reserved.
TO THE TO THE YOUTH OF SAMAR AND LEYTE who are clearly demonstrating aspirations for a brighter future thru education this book is dedicated, in the hope that it may give a stimulus to their work and an incentive to appreciate what is best in their language as well as in the hope that, at a future day, some one of them may be fitted to do this work better than here presented.
The publication of a Bisayan grammar has been eagerly awaited by many. It has been desired by those who are interested simply in the study of a native dialect. It has been needed by all Americans who desire an acquaintance with the language of the people among whom they live in order that they may get into closer touch with the great mass of natives as yet unable to speak either Spanish or English. It has been requested by many natives who wish to improve their use of their mother tongue. To all such, the present volume will prove of great value.
Norberto Romuáldez
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INTRODUCTION
PREFATORY REMARKS
CONTENTS
ORTHOGRAPHY AND PROSODY
LETTERS.
THE ACCENTS.
PUNCTUATION.
VOWELS
SYLLABLES
CAPITALIZATION
CONTRACTIONS
ETYMOLOGY.
Parts of Speech.
ARTICLES.
NOUNS
PRONOUNS
VERBS
INFLECTIONS.
ADVERBS
PREPOSITIONS
CONJUNCTIONS
INTERJECTIONS
SYNTAX
SUBJECTIVE RELATION
PREDICATIVE RELATION
ATTRIBUTIVE RELATION
COMPLEMENTARY RELATION
ADVERBIAL RELATION
REPRESENTATIVE RELATION
CONNECTIVE RELATIONS
ABSOLUTE AND INDEPENDENT CONSTRUCTIONS
SYNTAX OF VERBS
ARRANGEMENT OF WORDS
VIOLATIONS OF GOOD USE
BARBARISMS
FOREIGN WORDS
APPENDIX
NOTES ON BISAYAN RHETORIC AND POETICS
PROSE
POETIC FORMS
COLLECTION OF SOME BISAYAN SONGS
NOTES ON FILIPINO DIALECTOLOGY
WORDS EXACTLY THE SAME IN BISAYAN AND IN TAGALOG
WORDS WITH SOME DIALECTAL DIFFERENCES
ERRATA
Colophon
Availability
Metadata
Revision History
External References
Corrections
Abbreviations