Ontario Teachers' Manuals: Nature Study
TORONTO THE RYERSON PRESS
Copyright, Canada, 1915, by The Minister of Education for Ontario Second Printing, 1918 Third Printing, 1923 Fourth Printing, 1924
This Manual is placed in the hands of the teachers in the hope that the suggestions which it contains on lesson topics, materials, books of reference, and methods in teaching will be found helpful to all teachers and in particular to those who have had little or no instruction in Nature Study during their academic or professional training.
The first Chapter of the Manual discusses topics which have general reference to the subject as a whole. The remaining part of the Manual deals more particularly with the subject in its application to the different Public and Separate School Forms. While this division of the matter into Forms is convenient for general classification, it is not to be regarded as arbitrary. Materials and methods of presentation suitable for one class of pupils in a certain Form might, under different conditions, be quite unsuitable for another class of pupils in the same Form. For example, work which would be suitable for a class in Form I made up of pupils admitted to a school at seven or eight years of age, after two years' training in a kindergarten where nature lessons received special attention, would not be suitable for a Form I class made up of pupils admitted to a school at five years of age with no such previous training. In selecting work for any class the teacher, therefore, should not be guided solely by the arbitrary divisions of the Manual, but should exercise his own judgment, taking into account his environment and the attainments of his pupils. To facilitate such a selection, page references are given in the details of the Course of Study, which in reality forms a detailed expansion of the Public and Separate School Course in Nature Study. By means of these references, the teacher may find, in any department of the subject, typical matter suited to the development of his pupils.
Ontario. Department of Education
ONTARIO TEACHERS' MANUALS
NATURE STUDY
AUTHORIZED BY THE MINISTER OF EDUCATION
CONTENTS
PREFATORY NOTE
PUBLIC AND SEPARATE SCHOOL
COURSE OF STUDY
FORM I
FORM II
FORM III
FORM IV
NATURE STUDY
CHAPTER I
THE AIMS OF NATURE STUDY
GENERAL METHODS IN NATURE STUDY
THE SCHOOL GARDEN
THE EXCURSION
ANIMAL STUDIES
DOMESTIC ANIMALS
BIRDS
INSECTS
PLANT COLLECTIONS
CHAPTER II
PHYSICAL SCIENCE PHASE OF NATURE STUDY
LIST OF REFERENCE BOOKS AND BULLETINS
PHYSICAL SCIENCE
PHYSICAL SCIENCE
TIME APPORTIONED TO NATURE STUDY
CHAPTER III
FORM I
GARDEN WORK
LESSONS ON A GARDEN PLANT
SEEDS
FIELD EXERCISE
SEED DISPERSAL
TWIGS AND BUDS
LEAVES
GARDEN STUDIES
BULB PLANTING
CHAPTER IV
FORM I
LESSONS ON A PET ANIMAL: THE RABBIT
OBSERVATION AND CARE OF WINTER-BLOOMING PLANTS
TREES
FIELD EXERCISE
DOMESTIC ANIMALS
DOMESTIC BIRDS
CHAPTER V
FORM I
GARDEN WORK
GARDEN STUDIES
WILD FLOWERS
INSECT STUDY
BIRDS
THE SHEEP
CHAPTER VI
FORM II
BULB PLANTING OUT-OF-DOORS
GARDEN WORK
GARDEN STUDIES
CLIMBING PLANTS
TREES
A FLOWER
SOIL STUDIES
ANIMAL STUDIES
CHAPTER VII
FORM II
CARE OF PLANTS IN THE HOME
TREES
COLLECTION OF WOOD SPECIMENS
RELATED READING
THE DOG
LESSONS INVOLVING COMPARISON
THE SQUIRREL
WINTER BIRDS
ANIMALS OF THE ZOOLOGICAL GARDENS
CHAPTER VIII
FORM II
GARDEN WORK
PLANTS FOR INDIVIDUAL PLOTS
WILD FLOWERS
WEEDS
THE APPLE TREE
FIELD EXERCISE
BIRD STUDY
THE TOAD
THE EARTHWORM
THE AQUARIUM
AQUARIUM SPECIMENS
INSECTS SUITABLE FOR LESSONS IN FORM II
CHAPTER IX
FORM III
GARDEN WORK
TREATMENT OF FUNGI
PLANTS
GARDEN STUDIES
SEED DISPERSAL
THE SUGAR MAPLE
WEED STUDIES
GRASSHOPPER
APHIDES
TOMATO WORM
THE CROW
CHAPTER X
FORM III
CARE OF PLANTS IN THE HOME
EVERGREENS
COLLECTION OF WOOD SPECIMENS
RELATED READING
HOW ANIMALS PREPARE FOR WINTER
CHICKENS
PHYSICAL SCIENCE PHASE OF NATURE STUDY
SOLIDS, LIQUIDS, AND GASES
CHAPTER XI
FORM III
WINDOW BOXES
WINDOW GARDENS
SUITABLE PLANTS
SOIL STUDIES
GARDEN WORK
GARDEN STUDIES
WILD FLOWERS
ADAPTATIONS OF ANIMALS
BIRD TYPES
CABBAGE-BUTTERFLY
FISH
CHAPTER XII
FORM IV
GARDEN WORK
DECIDUOUS TREES
FRUITS
AUTUMN WILD FLOWERS
TREES
COMPARATIVE LESSON ON VARIETIES OF WINTER APPLES
SOME COMMON ANIMAL FORMS
BIRD STUDIES
CHAPTER XIII
FORM IV
FOREST TREES
EVERGREENS
FRUITS
WEEDS AND WEED SEEDS
PHYSICAL SCIENCE PHASE OF NATURE STUDY
CHAPTER XIV
FORM IV
METHODS OF IMPROVING HOME AND SCHOOL GROUNDS
SOIL STUDIES
GARDEN WORK
WEEDS
WILD FLOWERS
ANIMAL STUDIES
BIRD STUDY
DIFFERENT ASPECTS OF NATURE STUDY