The China of Chiang K'ai-Shek: A Political Study
The Project Gutenberg eBook, The China of Chiang K'ai-Shek, by Paul Myron Anthony Linebarger
Generalissimo Chiang K'ai-shek
BY PAUL M. A. LINEBARGER Duke University
GREENWOOD PRESS, PUBLISHERS WESTPORT, CONNECTICUT
The Library of Congress has catalogued this publication as follows : Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data Linebarger, Paul Myron Anthony, 1913-1966. The China of Chiang K'ai-shek; a political study. Reprint of the 1943 ed. published by World Peace Foundation, Boston. Includes bibliographical references. 1. China—Politics and government—1912-1949. 2. Chiang, Kai-shek, 1886-.I. Title. DS774.L48 1973320.9'51'04273-725 ISBN 0-8371-6779-5
Copyright 1942 by World Peace Foundation
Originally published in 1943 by World Peace Foundation, Boston
Reprinted with the permission of World Peace Foundation
First Greenwood Reprinting 1973
Library of Congress Catalogue Card Number 73-725
ISBN 0-8371-6779-5
Printed in the United States of America
Paul Myron Anthony Linebarger
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ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION
The Chinese Political Inheritance: Some Continuing Aspects
China at the Outbreak of War
The Beginning of Active Hostilities
The Hankow Period
The Chungking Period
FOOTNOTES:
The Draft Permanent or Double Five Constitution
The Issue of Constitutional Change
FOOTNOTES:
The Five-Power Constitution
The Supreme National Defense Council
The President of the National Government
The Council of State
The Military Affairs Commission
FOOTNOTES:
The People's Political Council
The Administrative Pattern
The Political Ministries
Social and Cultural Agencies
The Economic Ministries
FOOTNOTES:
The Provinces
Local Government
The Communist Zone
Guerrilla Governments
FOOTNOTES:
The Party Constitutional System
Party Organization
The Kuomintang Bid for Leadership
Intra-Kuomintang Politics
The New Life Movement and Other Affiliates
FOOTNOTES:
The Chinese Communists: Party and Leaders
Communism: Patriotism or Betrayal?
The National Salvation Movement
The Third Party
The Chinese National Socialist Party
FOOTNOTES:
The Japanese Army as a Chinese Government
The Problem of Puppet States
The Provisional and Reformed Governments
The Reorganized National Government of Wang Ch'ing-wei
FOOTNOTES:
The Foundations of Chinese Government
Mass Education
Rural Reconstruction
The Chinese Industrial Cooperatives
Unorganized Pressure
FOOTNOTES:
Sun Yat-sen
The San Min Chu I
Chiang K'ai-shek
Chinese Appraisals of Chiang
The Ideology of Chiang
FOOTNOTES:
CONCLUSION
The Chief Alternatives in China
The United States in Chinese Politics
FOOTNOTES:
APPENDIX I. GOVERNMENT DOCUMENTS
Chapter I. General Provisions
Chapter II. Rights and Duties of the Citizens
Chapter III. The People's Congress
Chapter IV. The Central Government
Chapter V. The Local Institutions
Chapter VI. National Economic Life
Chapter VII. Education
Chapter VIII. The Enforcement and Amendment of the Constitution
FOOTNOTE:
FOOTNOTE:
Chapter I. General Principles
Chapter II. District Election
Chapter III. Professional Election
Chapter IV. Special Elections
Chapter V. Election of the Chief Election Office and of the Election Inspectors
Chapter VI. Election and Forfeited Election
Chapter VII. Law Suits Concerning Election Affairs
Chapter VIII. Supplement
FOOTNOTE:
A. GENERAL PRINCIPLES:
B. DIPLOMACY:
C. MILITARY AFFAIRS:
D. POLITICS:
E. ECONOMICS:
F. MASS MOVEMENT:
G. EDUCATION:
FOOTNOTE:
THE CONTROL YÜAN:
FOOTNOTE:
THE READJUSTMENT:
THE FUNCTIONS:
THE PRESENT ORGANIZATION:
THE WORK:
THE MINISTRY OF AUDIT:
FOOTNOTES:
A. GENERAL PRINCIPLES
FOOTNOTES:
APPENDIX II. DOCUMENTS ON PARTY POLITICS
Chapter I. General Principles
Chapter II. Membership
Chapter III. System of Organization
Chapter IV. The Corps Leader
Chapter V. The All-Corps Representative Assembly and Other Meetings of Representatives
Chapter VI. The Central Headquarters
Chapter VII. The Branch Corps
Chapter VIII. The Divisional Corps
Chapter IX. The Sectional Corps
Chapter X. The Divisional Troop
Chapter XI. The Sectional Troop
Chapter XII. The Election of Officers and Their Term of Service
Chapter XIII. Discipline
Chapter XIV. Fees
Chapter XV. Amendments, etc.
FOOTNOTE:
Outline
A. The Duties and Nature of the Corps
B. The Growth and the Plan concerning the Intensification of the Works of the Corps
C. The General Activities of the Corps
D. General Discussion of the Two Years' Activities of the Corps and the Principles Governing the Nation's Youth
FOOTNOTES:
Introduction
A. Organization
B. Conferences
C. Guidance and Examination
D. Appendix
FOOTNOTES:
Chapter I. Title
Chapter II. The Members
Chapter III. The Organization
Chapter IV. Branch Party Organs
Chapter V. City and Country District Party Organs
Chapter VII. Provincial Party Organs
Chapter IX. The National Party Congress
Chapter XII. The Party Discipline
Chapter XIII. Party Finance
FOOTNOTES:
APPENDIX III. MATERIALS ON POLICY
FOOTNOTE:
The Truths We Must Endeavor to Grasp Anew
Action Is Life Itself: the Tireless Pertinacity of Nature Our Example
Action Is Not Mere Motion
Action Is Nature at Work in Man: the Whole Universe Is the Scene of Action
The Broadest Sense of Life
The Revolution Demands Action of All Men at All Times
The Meaning of Ease
Sincerity the Root of Action and Goodwill
The Laws of Action
Formation and Constancy of Purpose
Action Engenders Knowledge
Comrades in Revolution! Resolve Anew!
FOOTNOTE:
B. Political Organizations
C. People's Organs through Which Popular Political Opinions May Be Expressed
Explanation
FOOTNOTES:
I. The Question of Unexpected Political "Coups"
II. Is the German-Soviet Pact Casual?
III. Why the German-Soviet Pact?
IV. A Discussion on the "New Front" as Made in a Chinese Story-Teller's Way
V. A Single Enemy? Or a Single Ally?
VI. A Reasonless Conclusion
FOOTNOTES:
1. Outline of China's Foreign Policy
2. China's Stand Vis-à-Vis Japan
3. Non-Recognition of Puppet Regimes
4. China's Foreign Relations Based on Nine-Power Treaty
FOOTNOTE:
GLOSSARY
INDEX
TRANSCRIBER'S NOTE: