Cæsar or Nothing
MORE OR LESS TRANSCENDENTAL DIGRESSIONS
The individual is the only real thing in nature and in life.
Neither the species, the genus, nor the race, actually exists; they are abstractions, terminologies, scientific devices, useful as syntheses but not entirely exact. By means of these devices we can discuss and compare; they constitute a measure for our minds to use, but have no external reality.
Only the individual exists through himself and for himself. I am, I live, is the sole thing a man can affirm.
The categories and divisions arranged for classification are like the series of squares an artist places over a drawing to copy it by. The lines of the squares may cut the lines of the sketch; but they will cut them, not in reality but only in the artist’s eye.
In humanity, as in all of nature, the individual is the one thing. Only individuality exists in the realm of life and in the realm of spirit.
Individuality is not to be grouped or classified. Individuality simply cannot fit into a pigeon-hole, and it is all the further from fitting if the pigeon-hole is shaped according to an ethical principle. Ethics is a poor tailor to clothe the body of reality.
The ideas of the good, the logical, the just, the consistent, are too generic to be completely represented in nature.
The individual is not logical, or good, or just; nor is he any other distinct thing; and this through the force of his own fatal actions, through the influence of the deviation in the earth’s axis, or for whatsoever other equally amusing cause. Everything individual is always found mixed, full of absurdities of perspective and picturesque contradictions,—contradictions and absurdities that shock us, because we insist on submitting individuals to principles which are not applicable to them.
If instead of wearing a cravat and a bowler hat, we wore feathers and a ring in our nose, all our moral notions would change.
People of today, remote from nature and nasal rings, live in an artificial moral harmony which does not exist except in the imagination of those ridiculous priests of optimism who preach from the columns of the newspapers. This imaginary harmony makes us abhor the contradictions, the incongruities of individuality, at least it forces us not to understand them.
Pío Baroja
CÆSAR OR NOTHING
Translated from the Spanish by Louis How
PROLOGUE
PART ONE. ROME
I. THE PARIS-VENTIMIGLIA EXPRESS
II. AN EXTRAORDINARY FAMILY
III. CÆSAR MONCADA
IV. PEOPLE WHO PASS CLOSE BY
VII. THE CONFIDENCES OF THE ABBE PRECIOZI
VIII. OLD PALACES, OLD SALONS, OLD LADIES
IX. NEW ACQUAINTANCES
X. A BALL
XI. A SOUNDING-LINE IN THE DARK WORLD
XII. A MEETING ON THE PINCIO
XIII. ESTHETICS AND DEMAGOGY
XIV. NEW ATTEMPTS, NEW RAMBLES
XV. GIOVANNI BATTISTA, PAGAN
XVI. THE PORTRAIT OF A POPE
XVII. EVIL DAYS
XVIII. CÆSAR BORGIA’S MOTTO, “AUT CÆSAR, AUT NIHIL”
XIX. CÆSAR’S REFLECTIONS
XX. DON CALIXTO AT SAINT PETER’S
XXI. DON CALIXTO IN THE CATACOMBS
XXII. SENTIMENTALITY AND ARCHEOLOGY
XXIII. THE ‘SCUTCHEON OF A CHURCH
XXIV. TOURIST INTERLUDE
PART TWO. CASTRO DURO
II. CASTRO DURO
III. CÆSAR’S LABOURS
IV. THE BOOKSELLER AND THE ANARCHISTS
V. THE BANQUET
VI. UNCLE CHINAMAN
VII. A TRYING SCENE
VIII. THE ELECTION
IX. CÆSAR AS DEPUTY
X. POLITICAL LABOURS
XI. THE PITFALL OF SINIGAGLIA
XIII. AMPARITO IN ACTION
XIV. INTRANSIGENCE LOST
XV. “DRIVELLER” JUAN AND “THE CUB-SLUT”
XVI. PITY, A MASK OF COWARDICE
XVII. FIRST VICTORY
XVIII. DECLARATION OF WAR
XIX. THE FIGHT FOR THE ELECTION
XX. CONFIDENCE
XXI. OUR VENERABLE TRADITIONS! OUR HOLY PRINCIPLES!