Francis Drake and the California Indians, 1579

Francis Drake being crowned by the natives of New Albion (California) in June, 1579. (From Arnoldus Montanus, Die unbekante neue Welt ; the Dapper issue, Amsterdam, 1673.)
UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA PRESS BERKELEY AND LOS ANGELES 1947
University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology Editors (Los Angeles): Ralph L. Beals, Franklin Fearing, Harry Hoijer Volume 42, No. 3, pp. 251-302, plates 18-21, 1 figure in text, 2 illus. Submitted by editors February 27, 1946 Issued March 20, 1947 Price, cloth, $2.00; paper, $1.25
University of California Press Berkeley and Los Angeles California
Cambridge University Press London, England
PRINTED IN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA

For nearly a century, historians, geographers, and anthropologists have attempted to solve the problem of locating Francis Drake's anchorage in California, but the opinion of no one investigator has been universally accepted. Indeed, it seems likely that the problem will forever remain insoluble in detail, although it may well be reduced to the possibility that one of two bays, either Drake's or Bodega, was the scene of Drake's stay in California.
In order to establish the background for the present study, it will be advisable to recapitulate the various opinions and claims. They may be listed under the headings: geographical, historical, and anthropological.
Historical. —Although the trail was blazed by Davidson, it is Wagner who first claims our attention. He has concluded, after an exhaustive study of all available evidence, that Drake anchored first in Trinidad Bay and later in Bodega Bay. The harbor now called Drake's Bay was not, according to Wagner, the site of Drake's landfall in 1579. Robertson, next mentioned above, is the author of a critical review of previous arguments advanced by certain historians in their selection of 'The Harbor of St. Francis.'
Anthropological. —Wagner's major work on Drake bears abundant evidence that this historian, at least, is cognizant of the value of the ethnographic check method. However, he has not utilized all available documentary or ethnographic data to the fullest extent—a procedure of the utmost importance.