The cherries of New York
CHARLES DOWNING
State of New York—Department of Agriculture Twenty-second Annual Report—Vol. 2—Part II
ASSISTED BY
G. H. HOWE O. M. TAYLOR C. B. TUBERGEN R. WELLINGTON
Report of the New York Agricultural Experiment Station for the Year 1914 II
ALBANY J. B. LYON COMPANY, STATE PRINTERS 1915
Geneva, N. Y., January 12, 1915
To the Honorable Board of Control of the New York Agricultural Experiment Station :
Gentlemen:—I have the honor to transmit herewith the manuscript copy for Part II of the 33d Annual Report of this Station. This contribution is the fourth monograph on the fruits of New York State, prepared under your direction by the Horticulturist of this institution and his associates.
The cherry, which this manuscript discusses, is undoubtedly most widely grown of the tree-fruits of the State; for within easy reach of every rural housewife—in orchard or garden, along roadside or lane—the pie cherry will be found; and many a lawn, even in village or city, is graced by the stately trees which bear the delicious Yellow Spanish or Black Tartarian. In many parts of the State, also, cherry growing is an industry of much commercial importance, with orchards exceeded in value by those of the apple and peach alone.
Because of its widespread popularity and commercial importance the cherry well merits treatment in this place in the series of monographs. It is hoped and believed that the growers and lovers of the fruit will appreciate and utilize to good advantage the result here presented of years of painstaking work by the authors. The discussions are based not alone on Station experience with hundreds of the thousand or more varieties described, but as well upon the collected observations of many cherry growers and the expressed judgments of the leading pomologists who have been interested in this fruit.
W. H. JORDAN, Director
U. P. Hedrick
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NEW YORK AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION,
PREFACE
CHERRIES AND THEIR KINDRED
DISTRIBUTION OF CULTIVATED CHERRIES
USES OF THE CHERRY
LITERATURE OF THE CHERRY
AMELIORATION OF THE CHERRY
TREE AND FRUIT CHARACTERS OF THE CHERRY
A CLASSIFICATION OF CULTIVATED CHERRIES
PRUNUS AVIUM Linnaeus.
PRUNUS AVIUM × PRUNUS CERASUS
PRUNUS MAHALEB Linnaeus.
PRUNUS TOMENTOSA Thunberg.
PRUNUS PUMILA Linnaeus.
PRUNUS CUNEATA Rafinesque.
PRUNUS BESSEYI Bailey.
MINOR SPECIES
THE ANCIENT USE OF CHERRIES
THE ORIGIN OF CULTIVATED CHERRIES
THE CHERRY IN GREECE; THE FIRST RECORD OF CULTURE AND THE NAME
THE SWEET CHERRY POSSIBLY THE PARENT OF THE SOUR CHERRY
THE CHERRY IN ITALY
CHERRIES IN THE SIXTEENTH CENTURY
CHERRIES IN ENGLAND
CHERRIES IN AMERICA
CHERRIES PLANTED BY THE FRENCH IN AMERICA
CHERRIES IN NEW ENGLAND
CHERRIES IN NEW YORK
CHERRIES IN THE SOUTH
CHERRIES IN THE MIDDLE WEST
CHERRIES ON THE PACIFIC COAST
STOCKS FOR CHERRIES
CHERRY CLIMATES AND CHERRY SOILS
THE POLLINATION OF CHERRIES
CHERRY ORCHARDS AND THEIR CARE
THE COMMERCIAL STATUS OF CHERRY-GROWING IN NEW YORK
CHERRY DISEASES
CHERRY INSECTS
ABBESSE D'OIGNIES
ARCH DUKE
BALDWIN
BAUMANN MAY
BESSARABIAN
BIGARREAU PÉLISSIER
BING
BLACK GUIGNE
BLACK HAWK
BLACK HEART
BLACK TARTARIAN
BLEEDING HEART
BOURGUEIL
BRUSSELER BRAUNE
BUNTE AMARELLE
CALIFORNIA ADVANCE
CARNATION
CENTENNIAL
CHOISY
CLEVELAND
CLUSTER
COE
DIKEMAN
DOUBLE GLASS
DOUBLE NATTE
DOWNER
DYEHOUSE
EAGLE
EARLY MAY
EARLY MORELLO
EARLY PURPLE
EARLY RICHMOND
ELKHORN
ELTON
EMPRESS EUGENIE
ENGLISH MORELLO
FLORENCE
GEORGE GLASS
HEART-SHAPED WEICHSEL
HILDESHEIM
IDA
JEFFREY DUKE
KING AMARELLE
KIRTLAND
KNIGHT
LAMBERT
LARGE MONTMORENCY
LATE DUKE
LATE KENTISH
LITHAUER
LOUIS PHILIPPE
LUTOVKA
LYONS
MAGNIFIQUE
MAY DUKE
MERCER
MEZEL
MONTMORENCY
NAPOLEON
NOUVELLE ROYALE
OLIVET
OSTHEIM
OX HEART
REINE HORTENSE
REPUBLICAN
ROCKPORT
ROYAL DUKE
SCHMIDT
SHORT-STEM MONTMORENCY
SKLANKA
SPARHAWK
SPÄTE AMARELLE
SUDA
TIMME
TOUSSAINT
VLADIMIR
WATERLOO
WHITE BIGARREAU
WHITE HEART
WINDSOR
WOOD
WRAGG
YELLOW SPANISH
BIBLIOGRAPHY AND REFERENCES, WITH ABBREVIATIONS USED
INDEX
FOOTNOTES
