Cavity-Nesting Birds of North American Forests / Agriculture Handbook 511
Cover sketch: Saw-whet owl, by Bob Hines of the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Washington, D.C.
Virgil E. Scott Denver Wildlife Research Center
Keith E. Evans North Central Forest Experiment Station
David R. Patton Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station
Charles P. Stone Denver Wildlife Research Center
Illustrated by Arthur Singer
Agriculture Handbook 511 November 1977
Forest Service U.S. Department of Agriculture
For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office Washington, D.C. 20402
Stock No. 001-000-03726-9
Scott, Virgil E., Keith E. Evans, David R. Patton, and Charles P. Stone. 1977. Cavity-nesting birds of North American forests. U.S. Dep. Agric., Agric. Handb. 511, 112 p.
Habitat, cavity requirements, and foods are described for 85 species of birds that nest in cavities in dead or decadent trees. Intensive removal of such trees would disastrously affect breeding habitat for many of these birds that help control destructive forest insects. Birds are illustrated in color; distributions are mapped.
Virgil E. Scott
Keith E. Evans
David R. Patton
Charles P. Stone
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PREFACE
Table 1.—Cavity-nesting birds: tree use and major foods.
Black-bellied whistling duck
Wood duck
Common goldeneye
Barrow’s goldeneye
Bufflehead
Hooded merganser
Common merganser
Turkey vulture
Black vulture
Peregrine falcon
Merlin
American kestrel
Barn owl
Screech owl
Whiskered owl
Flammulated owl
Hawk owl
Pygmy owl
Ferruginous owl
Elf owl
Barred owl
Spotted owl
Boreal owl
Saw-whet owl
Chimney swift
Vaux’s swift
Coppery-tailed trogon
Common flicker
Pileated Woodpecker
Red-bellied woodpecker
Golden-fronted woodpecker
Gila woodpecker
Red-headed woodpecker
Acorn woodpecker
Lewis’ woodpecker
Yellow-bellied sapsucker
Williamson’s sapsucker
Hairy woodpecker
Downy woodpecker
Ladder-backed woodpecker
Nuttall’s woodpecker
Arizona woodpecker
Red-cockaded woodpecker
White-headed woodpecker
Black-backed three-toed woodpecker
Northern three-toed woodpecker
Ivory-billed woodpecker
Sulphur-bellied flycatcher
Great crested flycatcher
Wied’s crested flycatcher
Ash-throated flycatcher
Olivaceous flycatcher
Western flycatcher
Violet-green swallow
Tree swallow
Purple martin
Black-capped chickadee
Carolina chickadee
Mexican chickadee
Mountain chickadee
Gray-headed chickadee
Boreal chickadee
Chestnut-backed chickadee
Tufted titmouse
Plain titmouse
Bridled titmouse
White-breasted nuthatch
Red-breasted nuthatch
Brown-headed nuthatch
Pygmy nuthatch
Brown creeper
House wren
Brown-throated wren
Winter wren
Bewick’s wren
Carolina wren
Eastern bluebird
Western bluebird
Mountain bluebird
Starling
Crested myna
Prothonotary warbler
Lucy’s warbler
House sparrow
European tree sparrow
Literature Cited
Plants Referred to in Text:
Invertebrates Referred to in Text:
Vertebrates Referred to in Text:
Footnotes
Transcriber’s Notes
