The butterfly guide
TRANSCRIBER’S NOTE
There are two Plate C illustrations in this book, links to the appropriate plate have been added for clarity.
THE BUTTERFLY GUIDE
A POCKET MANUAL FOR THE READY IDENTIFICATION OF THE COMMONER SPECIES FOUND IN THE UNITED STATES AND CANADA
BY W. J. HOLLAND, LL.D.
Director of the Carnegie Museum Author of “The Butterfly Book,” “The Moth Book,” etc.
With 295 Colored Figures Representing 255 Species and Varieties
Garden City New York DOUBLEDAY, PAGE & COMPANY 1915
Copyright, 1915, by Doubleday, Page & Company All rights reserved, including that of translation into foreign languages, including the Scandinavian
To the BOY SCOUTS OF AMERICA I dedicate this Book The Author
Recent advances in the arts make it possible to illustrate books at much less cost than formerly. An important invention is the process of printing in three colors from half-tone plates. The author of this manual was one of the first to use this process in illustrating a work upon the lepidoptera. When “The Butterfly Book” appeared he received letters from many scientific friends expressing their wonder. Among those who wrote to him was Dr. Samuel Hubbard Scudder, the Nestor among American lepidopterists, who has since passed away. He said: “I am simply astonished at the fidelity to nature displayed by the plates in your book, and at the low price at which the new process permits it to be sold.”
That “The Butterfly Book” met a real need is shown by the fact that more than thirty thousand copies have already found purchasers. It is, however, a biggish book. The publishers, Messrs. Doubleday, Page & Co., have asked me to get up a little pocket manual of the butterflies, similar in form to the “Flower Guide,” which has been most cordially received by the public. I have therefore prepared the following pages, to which in the gracious phrase of our forefathers I now “invite the attention of the gentle reader.”
W. J. Holland
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THE BUTTERFLY GUIDE
PREFACE
INTRODUCTORY
THE ANATOMY OF BUTTERFLIES
THE LIFE HISTORY OF BUTTERFLIES
COLLECTING BUTTERFLIES
MOUNTING BUTTERFLIES
Genus ANOSIA Hübner
Genus CERATINIA Fabricius
Genus DIRCENNA Doubleday
Genus HELICONIUS Latreille
Genus COLÆNIS Doubleday
Genus DIONE Hübner
Genus EUPTOIETA Doubleday
Genus ARGYNNIS Fabricius
Genus ERESIA Doubleday
Genus ANARTIA Doubleday.
Genus SMYRNA Hübner
Genus CŒA Hübner
Genus AGANISTHOS Boisduval
Genus PYRRHANÆA Schatz
Genus NEOMINOIS Scudder
Genus PARAMECERA Butler
Genus NATHALIS Boisduval
Genus KRICOGONIA Reakirt
Genus PYRRHOPYGE Hübner
Genus EPARGYREUS Hübner
Genus ACHALARUS Scudder
Genus HESPERIA Fabricius
Genus AMBLYSCIRTES Scudder
Genus PAMPHILA Fabricius
Genus OARISMA Scudder
Genus ANCYLOXYPHA Felder
Genus COPŒODES Speyer
Genus ERYNNIS Schrank
Genus THYMELICUS Hübner
Genus ATALOPEDES Scudder
Genus POLITES Scudder
Genus HYLEPHILA Billberg
Genus PRENES Scudder
Genus CALPODES Hübner
Genus LERODEA Scudder
Genus LIMOCHORES Scudder
Genus EUPHYES Scudder
Genus POANES Scudder
Genus PHYCANASSA Scudder
Genus ATRYTONE Scudder
Genus LEREMA Scudder
Genus MEGATHYMUS Riley
INDEX OF ENGLISH OR TRIVIAL NAMES, AND COMMON TERMS
INDEX OF FAMILIES, SUBFAMILIES, GENERA, AND SPECIES, ACCORDING TO THEIR SCIENTIFIC OR LATIN NAMES