Radioisotopes and Life Processes (Revised)
The Understanding the Atom Series
Nuclear energy is playing a vital role in the life of every man, woman, and child in the United States today. In the years ahead it will affect increasingly all the peoples of the earth. It is essential that all Americans gain an understanding of this vital force if they are to discharge thoughtfully their responsibilities as citizens and if they are to realize fully the myriad benefits that nuclear energy offers them.
The United States Atomic Energy Commission provides this booklet to help you achieve such understanding.
Edward J. Brunenkant, Director Division of Technical Information
UNITED STATES ATOMIC ENERGY COMMISSION
Dr. Glenn T. Seaborg, Chairman James T. Ramey Wilfrid E. Johnson Dr. Theos J. Thompson Dr. Clarence E. Larson
by Walter E. Kisieleski and Renato Baserga
United States Atomic Energy Commission Division of Technical Information Library of Congress Catalog Card Number: 66-61908 1966; 1967(Rev.)
The cover design portrays the inter-relationships suggested by the title of this booklet: On a trefoil symbolizing radiation are superimposed a dividing cell, a plant, an animal, and a double helix of a molecule of deoxyribonucleic acid, a material unique in and fundamental to all living things.
WALTER E. KISIELESKI is an Associate Scientist in the Division of Biology and Medicine of the Argonne National Laboratory. He was formerly associate professor of chemistry at Loyola University in Chicago. His undergraduate studies were at James Millikin University in Decatur, Illinois, and his graduate studies were at the University of Chicago. He received an Honorary Doctor of Science degree from James Millikin University in 1962. In 1958 he was a delegate to the Second Atoms for Peace Conference in Geneva, Switzerland. He was visiting lecturer in the department of biochemistry at the University of Oslo in Norway in 1963. Dr. Kisieleski is shown operating an automatic windowless strip counter that scans paper chromatograms and thus locates labeled substances.
Walter E. Kisieleski
Renato Baserga
---
THE COVER
THE AUTHORS
INTRODUCTION
CELL THEORY: DNA IS THE SECRET OF LIFE
Unit of Life
Cell Structure
The Two Nucleic Acids
Mitosis
RADIOACTIVE ISOTOPES: THE BIOLOGICAL DETECTIVES
Atomic Structure
Isotopes
Radioactive Isotopes
Radioactive Isotopes’ Value in Biological Studies
DNA SYNTHESIS: THE AUTOBIOGRAPHY OF CELLS
DNA in Somatic and Germinal Cells
Replication of DNA
Labeling DNA with a Radioactive Isotope
Detecting DNA with Autoradiography
RNA SYNTHESIS: HOW TO TRANSLATE ONE LANGUAGE INTO ANOTHER
Three Kinds of RNA
Labeling RNA with a Radioactive Isotope
Detecting RNA with Autoradiography
Other Methods of Detecting RNA
PROTEIN SYNTHESIS: THE MOLECULES THAT MAKE THE DIFFERENCE
Amino Acids and Protein Structure
Labeling an Amino Acid with a Radioactive Isotope
CELL CYCLE AND GENE ACTION: LIFE IS THE SECRET OF DNA
Interphase
The Cell Cycle
DNA Synthesis and the Cell Cycle
Translation of the Genetic Message
ISOTOPES IN RESEARCH: PROBING THE CANCER PROBLEM
CONCLUSIONS
SUGGESTED REFERENCES
Books
Articles
Reports
Booklets
Motion Pictures
FOOTNOTES
PHOTO CREDITS