An American Religious Movement : A Brief History of the Disciples of Christ
A Brief History of the Disciples of Christ
By Winfred Ernest Garrison
CHRISTIAN BOARD OF PUBLICATION (The Bethany Press) ST. LOUIS 3, MO.
Copyright, 1945 By C. D. Pantle
First Printing, Sept., 1945 Second Printing, June, 1946
Printed in the United States of America
In an earlier volume, I recited the history of the Disciples of Christ under the title, Religion Follows the Frontier . The phrase was designed to emphasize the fact that this religious movement was born under pioneer conditions on the American frontier, in the days when the frontier was just crossing the Alleghenies, that much of its formative thinking followed patterns congenial to the frontier mind, and that its early expansion kept pace with the westward wave of migration.
Since that book is now out of print, while interest in the theme is increasing, it has seemed desirable to rewrite the history. If this were merely a sequel to the other, I would call it Growing Up with the Country .
It remains true that the pioneer beginnings must be remembered and understood if the initial motives and methods of the Disciples and the processes of their growth are to be understood. But important as the frontier is, as a fact in the history of the United States and of every phase of culture in the Middle West, an equally significant fact is that, as the frontier rolled westward, it left behind it a widening area in which pioneer conditions no longer prevailed. As the country was growing by the expansive drive of which the frontier was the cutting edge, it was also growing up, both behind and on the frontier. The process of maturing is as significant as that of expanding.
Since the present purpose is to survey the history of the Disciples through both of these phases, I have resisted the allurement of this second title and am giving the book a name which includes both; for the movement is distinctively American, and every American movement which began in pioneer days and has lived through the cycles of American life until now has both followed the frontier and grown up with the country.
Winfred Ernest Garrison
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PREFACE
CONTENTS
A Preview
Three Sources, Two Streams
The Idea of Union
The Idea of Restoration
Eighteenth Century Restorationists
Restoration and Division
America in 1800
American Churches in 1800
Land of the Free
In Virginia and North Carolina, 1794
In New England, 1801
In Kentucky, 1804
Cane Ridge Meeting
The Springfield Presbytery
The Christian Church
Seceding from the Seceders
Alexander Campbell at Glasgow
The “Declaration and Address”
The Brush Run Church
Debates on Baptism
“Reforming Baptists”
Walter Scott, the “Gospel Restored”
Separation from the Baptists
Disciples and Christians
Likenesses and Differences
Union and Growth
Campbell at His Zenith
National Organization
Growth, Journalism, Education
“We Can Never Divide”
The Period of Controversy
Not Divided—Yet
Journalism and Missions
Renaissance in Education
Higher Criticism
Rethinking Baptism
Federation
Improving the Machinery
Widening Educational Horizons
Liberal Tendencies
Conservative Reaction
An Ecumenical Outlook
Rethinking the Disciples
INDEX
Transcriber’s Notes