A Text-Book of Horseshoeing, for Horseshoers and Veterinarians

by A. Lungwitz

CONTENTS.

PAGE
Introduction		[13]
	The Object of Shoeing	[13]
PART I.
CHAPTER I. THE GROSS ANATOMY OF THE HORSE.
Bones of the Head—Bones of the Trunk		[17]
The Spinal Column—Bones of the Thorax		[17-19]
Bones of the Pelvis—Bones of the Limbs		[19-21]
Joints—Muscles—Tendon Sheaths		[21-24]
THE FOOT.
A.	The Bones of the Foot	[24]
	The Cannon—The Long Pastern—The Sesamoid Bones—The Short Pastern—The Pedal Bone— The Navicular Bone	[24-28]
B.	The Articulations of the Foot	[28]
	I. The Fetlock-Joint	[28]
	The Suspensory Ligament	[29]
	The Inferior Sesamoid Ligament	[30]
	II. The Coronary Joint	[31]
	III. The Pedal Articulation (Coffin Joint)	[31]
C.	The Locomotory Organs of the Foot	[32]
	The Anterior Extensor Tendon of the Phalanges— The Perforatus Tendon—The Perforans Tendon	[32-35]
	Mucous Bursæ and Tendon Sheaths	[35]
	Altering the Relative Tension of the Flexor Tendons
	and Suspensory Ligament of the Fetlock-Joint	[36]
D.	The Elastic Parts of the Foot	[38]
	The Lateral Cartilages—The Plantar Cushion	[39, 40]
E.	The Blood-Vessels and Nerves	[41]
	The Arteries of the Foot—The Veins of the Foot—The Nerves of the Foot	[41-44]
F.	The Protective Organs of the Foot	[44]
	(a) The Hair-Skin	[44]
	1. The Epidermis	[45]
	2. The Dermis	[45]
	3. The Subcutaneous Tissue	[45]
	(b) The Hoof-Skin, or Pododerm	[45, 46]
	1. The Perioplic Band	[47]
	2. The Coronary Band	[47]
	3. The Fleshy Wall	[48]
	The Fleshy Leaves (Podophyllous Tissue)	[48, 49]
	4. The Velvety Tissue of the Sole	[49]
	5. The Velvety Tissue of the Frog	[49]
	(c) The Horn Capsule or Hoof	[50-53]
	The Wall	[50-53]
	The Bars	[51, 52]
	The Layers of the Wall:
	1. The Periople.
	2. The Middle or Protective Layer.
	3. The Leafy Layer (Keraphyllous Layer)	[53-55]
	The Sole	[55, 56]
	The Frog	[57, 58]
	The Minute Structure of the Horn	[58]
	Hard and Soft Horn	[59]
CHAPTER II. THE FOOT IN ITS RELATION TO THE ENTIRE LIMB.
A.	Standing Positions of the Limbs	[62]
	(a) The Positions of a Fore-Limb viewed from in Front and in Profile	[62-67]
	(b) The Positions of a Hind Limb viewed from Behind and in Profile	[67-69]
B.	Forms of Feet, viewed from in Front, from Behind, and in Profile	[69-72]
C.	Lines of Flight of Hoofs in Motion	[72-75]
D.	Influence of Weight upon Lines, of Flight of Hoofs	[75, 76]
E.	Forms of Hoofs	[77]
	The Hoof of the Regular Position—The Hoof of the Base-Wide Position—The Hoof of the Base-Narrow Position—Forms of Hind Hoofs— The Wide and the Narrow Hoof—The Characteristics of Healthy Hoofs	[77-82]
F.	Growth of the Hoof and Wear of the Hoof and Shoe	[82-86]
G.	Physiological Movements of the Hoof	[86-89]
PART II.
CHAPTER III. SHOEING HEALTHY HOOFS.
A.	Examination of a Horse Preliminary to Shoeing	[90]
B.	Raising and holding the Feet of the Horse to be Shod	[92]
C.	Removing the Old Shoes	[97]
D.	Preparing the Hoof for the Shoe	[98]
E.	Preparing the Hoof for going Barefoot	[102]
F.	Making Shoes	[103]
	The Podometer—Making Front Shoes—Making Hind Shoes—General Characteristics of Shoes— A Shoe with Heel-Calks—A Shoe with Toe- and Heel-Calks— Special Characteristics of Shoes	[103-116]
G.	Choosing the Shoe	[116]
H.	Shaping and Fitting Shoes—General Considerations	[117]
	Shaping and Fitting Shoes—Special Considerations	[120]
	Fitting Shoes to Saddlers and Hunters	[122]
	Fitting Shoes to Runners	[123]
	Fitting Shoes to Trotters and Pacers	[124]
	Fitting Shoes to Heavy Draft-Horses	[125]
I.	Nailing the Shoe, Horseshoe-Nails	[128]
K.	Machine Shoes	[132]
L.	Rubber Pads	[135]
CHAPTER IV. SHOEING HORSES THAT FORGE AND INTERFERE.
A.	Forging—Cross-firing	[138, 140]
B.	Interfering	[142]
CHAPTER V. WINTER SHOEING.
	1. Ice-Nails (Frost Nails)	[146]
	2. Sharp Toe- and Heel-Calks	[146]
	3. Screw-Calks	[148,] [155]
	4. Peg Heel-Calks	[150]
	5. Peg Toe-Calks	[152]
	6. Removable Heel-Calks, that do not require Sharpening	[154]
CHAPTER VI. HOOF NURTURE.
A.	Care of Unshod Hoofs	[157]
B.	Care of Shod Hoofs	[159]
	Greasing and Soaking the Hoof	[159]
PART III.
CHAPTER VII. GENERAL REMARKS CONCERNING THE SHOEING OF DEFECTIVE HOOFS AND LAME HORSES.
General Remarks		[161-165]
Classification of Diseases of the Hoof		[165]
CHAPTER VIII. INFLAMMATIONS OF THE PODODERM (PODODERMATITIS).
1.	Nailing	[166]
2.	Street-Nail	[170]
3.	Calk-Wounds of the Coronet	[173]
4.	Corns	[174]
5.	Inflammation of the Heels	[176]
6.	Laminitis (Founder)	[177]
7.	Keraphyllocele (Horn Tumor)	[181]
CHAPTER IX. DEFECTS OF THE HOOF.
A.	Changes of Form	[182]
	1. The Flat and the Full Hoof	[182]
	2. The Upright or Stumpy Hoof	[184]
	3. The Contracted Hoof	[185]
	(a) The Contraction of Wide Hoofs	[189]
	(b) Contraction of the Sole	[189]
	4. The Wry Hoof	[190]
	5. The Crooked Hoof	[192]
	6. Ossification of the Lateral Cartilage (Side-Bone)	[194]
B.	Disturbances of Continuity of Hoof	[195]
	1. Cracks	[195]
	2. Clefts	[203]
	3. Loose Wall	[204]
	4. Hollow Wall	[205]
	5. Thrush of the Frog	[206]
CHAPTER X. SHOEING MULES, ASSES, AND OXEN.
	1. The Shoeing of Mules and Asses	[207]
	2. The Shoeing of Oxen	[207]