LIST OF HALF-TONE ILLUSTRATIONS

(In addition to 346 text illustrations)

Figs. 287 and 288.An Auto Delivery-wagon built of Cigar Boxes ([Page 192]) [Frontispiece]
FACING PAGE
Fig. 48.Launching the Toy Motor-boat [34]
Fig. 108.The Buzz-saw whizzes when you twist the Cord
The Eccentric Clog-dancer is a Circus in Himself
Pull the String and Jack jumps comically		}
}
}		[72]
Fig. 114.
Fig. 115.		Whirling the Cricket-rattle makes it Chirp
The Crawling Turtle's Shell is a Jelly-mould		}
}		[76]
Fig. 135.
Fig. 136.
Fig. 137.
Fig. 138.		A Merry-go-round
A Clockwork Motor
A Ferris Wheel
A Flying Airship		}
}
}
}		[90]
Fig. 160.
Fig. 161.		The Car Completed
The Framework		}
}		[104]
Fig. 220.
Fig. 221.		The Home-made Doll-house
Interior View of Doll-house		}
}		[146]
Fig. 243.
Fig. 244.		The Most Stylish Apartments in Doll Town
How the Three Stories are arranged side by
side to form a Six-room Apartment		}
}
}		[166]
Fig. 284.
Fig. 285.		An Express-wagon
A Cart.		}
}		[192]
Fig. 289.
Fig. 290.
Fig. 291.
Fig. 292.
Fig. 293.
Fig. 294.
Fig. 295.		A Jack-in-the-box
The Skeleton of the Jack-in-the-box
A Round-seated Chair
A Round Center-table
A Dining-table
A Square-seated Chair
A Doll's Cradle		}
}
}
}
}
}
}		[194]-[195]
Fig. 325.
Fig. 326.		The Home-made Mail-box strapped to the Face of a Door
The Home-made Mail-box strapped to a Chair-back		}
}		[206]

[LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS]

PAGE
Fig. 1.The Paper Pinwheel is the Simplest Pinwheel to Make.[1]
Fig. 2.Diagram for Paper Pinwheel.[2]
Fig. 3.How the Paper Pinwheel is Folded.[2]
Fig. 4.A Pinion-wheel Windmill.[3]
Fig. 5.Diagram for Pinion-wheel Windmill.[3]
Fig. 6. A Four-blade Windmill.[4]
Fig. 7.Hub.[4]
Fig. 8.How to Slot End of Shaft for Tail.[4]
Fig. 9.An Eight-blade Windmill.[5]
Fig. 10.Spool Hub.[6]
Fig. 11.Blades.[6]
Fig. 12.Shaft.[6]
Fig. 13.Tail.[6]
Fig. 14.How the Windmill may be Rigged up to Operate a Toy Jumping-Jack.[7]
Fig. 15.How the Jumping-Jack is Supported.[8]
Fig. 16.Spool Hub.[8]
Fig. 17.A Malay Tailless Kite.[9]
Fig. 18.Completed Malay Kite with Belly-band Attached.[10]
Fig. 19.Framework of Malay Kite.[11]
Fig. 20.Detail of Vertical Stick.[12]
Fig. 21.Detail of Bow-stick.[12]
Fig. 22.Detail of End of Bow-stick.[12]
Fig. 23.Raising the Box-kite.[13]
Fig. 24.The Box-kite.[14]
Fig. 25.Make Two Side Frames like this.[14]
Fig. 26.Cross-section of the Box-kite.[15]
Fig. 27.Detail of Diagonal Braces.[16]
Fig. 28.A Good Hand Kite-reel.[17]
Figs. 29 and 30.Details of Hand Kite-reel.[18]
Fig. 31.A Body Kite-reel.[19]
Fig. 32.Detail of Axle Support.[19]
Fig. 33.Detail of Cran.[19]
Fig. 34.Launching a Model Aeroplane.[22]
Fig. 35.Plan.[23]
Fig. 36.Side Elevation (without Rubber Motor).[23]
Fig. 37.Detail of Fuselage and Motor of the Wells Model.[24]
Fig. 38.Detail of Thrust Bearing, Propeller-shaft, and Connections.[24]
Fig. 39.Detail of Bow Hook and how Rubber Motor is Connected to it.[24]
Fig. 40.Detail of the Main Plane Framework of the Wells Model.[26]
Fig. 41.Detail of the Elevator Framework.[26]
Fig. 42.Detail of Fin.[26]
Fig. 43.The Wells Model Propeller.[27]
Fig. 44.How to Prepare a 9-inch Propeller.[27]
Fig. 45.A Home-made Motor Winder.[30]
Fig. 46.The Kind of Egg-beater to Use.[30]
Fig. 47.How the Motors are Connected to Winder for Winding.[30]
Fig. 48.Launching the Toy Motor-boat.[34]
Fig. 49.The Completed Motor-boat.[33]
Fig. 50.Stern, with Motor in Place.[33]
Fig. 51.Diagram of Hull.[34]
Figs. 52 and 53.How the Hull, Sides, Stern and Deck Pieces are Assembled.[34]
Fig. 54.Longitudinal Section of Assembled Motor-boat.[36]
Figs. 55-59.Details of Propeller.[36]
Fig. 60.Rubber-band Motor.[36]
Fig. 61.A Varnish-can Water-motor in Operation.[38]
Fig. 62.The Completed Varnish-can Water-motor.[39]
Figs. 63 and 64.Sections through Water-motor Case.[40]
Fig. 65.The Completed Water-motor Wheel.[41]
Figs. 66 and 67.66 and 67. Details of Water-motor Wheel.[41]
Figs. 68-69.How to Make a Water-tight Connection between Faucet and Water-motor.[42]
Fig. 70.A Small Water-motor that can be Operated in a Wash-Basin.[43]
Fig. 71.The Water-motor Wheel.[43]
Figs. 72 and 73.Details of Water-motor Wheel.[44]
Fig. 74.Support for Water-motor Wheel.[45]
Fig. 75.Upright.[47]
Fig. 76.The Toy Railway in Operation.[48]
Fig. 77.Support for Trolley-line.[48]
Fig. 78.The Tracks.[50]
Fig. 79.A Top View of Car Truck.[50]
Fig. 80.Spool Wheels.[51]
Fig. 81.The Completed Car Truck.[51]
Fig. 82.[51]
Fig. 83.A Gondola Car.[52]
Fig. 84.Side View.[53]
Fig. 85.End View.[53]
Figs. 86-94.Details of Toy Street Car.[55]
Fig. 95.The Railway Depot.[57]
Fig. 96.A Toy Office Building with Elevator.[60]
Fig. 97.Section through Elevator Shaft.[62]
Fig. 98.Floors.[63]
Fig. 99.Partitions.[63]
Fig. 100.Front View of Elevator Shaft.[64]
Fig. 101 and 102.Elevator Car Details.[64]
Fig. 103.Detail of Brake and Controlling Levers.[65]
Fig. 104.An Outdoor Elevator.[66]
Fig. 105.Supports for Elevator Guides and Cables.[67]
Fig. 106.Elevator Car.[69]
Fig. 107.Counter-balance.[69]
Fig. 108.The Buzz-saw whizzes when you twist the Cord.[72]
Fig. 109.The Eccentric Clog-dancer is a Circus in himself.[72]
Fig. 110.Pull the string and Jack jumps comically.[72]
Fig. 111.Detail of Buzz-saw Whirligig shown in [Fig. 108].[72]
Fig. 112.Details of Body of the Clog-dancer shown in [Fig. 109].[73]
Fig. 113.Details of Body of the Jumping-Jack shown in [Fig. 110].[74]
Fig. 114.Whirling the Cricket-rattle makes it chirp.[76]
Fig. 115.The Crawling Turtle's shell Is a Jelly Mould.[76]
Fig. 116.Details of the Noisy Cricket-rattle shown [Fig. 114].[76]
Fig. 17.How Head, Feet, and Tail are Attached to a Jelly Mould to Make the Turtle shown in [Fig. 115].[77]
Fig. 118.The Spool Wheels and the Rubber-bands which Propel them.[77]
Figs. 119 and 120.Clock Wheel Tops.[80]
Fig. 121.Upholstering Tack Top.[80]
Fig. 122.How to Hold Upholstering Tack for Spinning.[80]
Figs. 123 and 124.Details of Spool Top.[80]
Fig. 125.A Shoe-polish Can Top.[81]
Figs. 126-128.Details of Shoe-polish Can Top.[82]
Fig. 129.A Spinning Top Race-track.[83]
Fig. 130.A Spiral Top.[84]
Fig. 131.Diagram of Spiral for Spiral Top.[84]
Fig. 132.A Merry-go-round Top.[85]
Fig. 133.Detail of Merry-go-round Top.[86]
Fig. 134.How Horses are Mounted upon Top Platform.[86]
Fig. 135.A Merry-go-round.[90]
Fig. 136.A Clockwork Motor.[90]
Fig. 137.A Ferris Wheel.[90]
Fig. 138.The "Flying Airships."[90]
Fig. 139.How the Clockwork Motor is Fastened to the Cigar-box Cover.
(This Box has been cut down to the Proper Length for the Ferris Wheel.)		[89]
Fig. 140.Plan of Top of Standard for Merry-go-round.[91]
Fig. 141.Pattern for Tent of Merry-go-round.[91]
Fig. 142.The Tent ready to be Fastened upon a Tent-pole.[91]
Fig. 143.Full-size Pattern for the Horses of the Merry-go-round.[92]
Fig. 144.Pattern for the Merry-go-round Sleighs.[93]
Fig. 145.A Completed Sleigh showing Attachment to Shaft.[94]
Fig. 146.Full-size Pattern for the Girl Riders.[95]
Fig. 147.Full-size Pattern for the Boy Riders.[95]
Fig. 148.How the Second Leg of the Boy is Attached.[95]
Fig. 149.Standard for the Ferris Wheel.[97]
Fig. 150.Make Two Supports like this for the Ferris Wheel Standard.[98]
Figs. 151 and 152.How a Spool is Fastened to the Top of the Support for a Hub.[98]
Fig. 153.How to Lay out the Cardboard Rims of the Ferris Wheel.[99]
Fig. 154.The Spokes Fitted into the Spool Hub.[99]
Fig. 155.The Rim Slipped into the End of the Spokes.[99]
Fig. 156.A Spool Hub for the Wheel.[99]
Fig. 157.How the Spokes, Rims, and Axles are Fastened Together.[99]
Fig.158.Pattern for the Ferris Wheel Cars.[100]
Fig.159.A Completed Car for the Ferris Wheel.[101]
Fig.160.The Car Completed.[104]
Fig.161.The Framework.[104]
Fig.162.Top View of Wooden Frame.[105]
Figs. 163-170.Patterns for the Automobile Touring-car.[108]
Fig. 171.Chauffeur.[109]
Fig. 172.Cardboard Side of Automobile.[109]
Fig. 173.The Hood.[110]
Fig. 174.The Steering-wheel.[111]
Fig. 175.An Automobile Delivery Wagon.[111]
Fig. 176.An Electro-magnet Derrick.[118]
Figs. 177-179.The Electro-magnet.[119]
Fig. 180.How the Electro-magnet is Connected up.[120]
Fig. 181.A Home-made Switch.[121]
Fig. 182.Details of Switch.[121]
Fig. 183.Detail of Mast.[122]
Fig. 184.Detail of Pulley.[122]
Fig. 185.Detail of Boom.[122]
Fig. 186.Detail of Derrick Windlass.[123]
Fig. 187.Detail of the Toy Shocking Machine.[125]
Figs. 188-191.Details of Induction-coil.[126]
Figs. 192 and 193.Details of Shocking-coil Handles.[129]
Fig. 194.Interrupter for Shocking-coil.[129]
Figs. 195-198.Details of Interrupter.[131]
Fig. 199.A Toy Electric Motor Truck.[132]
Fig. 200.Top view of Electric Motor Truck.[133]
Figs. 201-203.Details of Axle and Belt Shaft.[134]
Fig. 204.Two Home-made Battery Cells Connected in Series.[135]
Fig. 205.A Single Cell.[136]
Figs. 206 and 207.Details of Zinc and Carbon.[136]
Fig. 208.Plan of Motor Truck Bottom.[137]
Fig. 209.Section through Bottom.[137]
Fig. 210.Details of Seat and Canopy-top.[138]
Fig. 211.Pattern of Canopy-top.[139]
Fig. 212.The Completed Toy Shooting Gallery.[140]
Fig. 213.The Box Framework.[141]
Figs. 214-215.Details of Targets.[142]
Fig. 216.The Card-shooting Pistol.[143]
Figs. 217-219.Detail of Card-shooting Pistol.[144]
Fig. 220.The Home-made Doll-house.[146]
Fig. 221.Interior View of Doll-house.[146]
Figs. 222-226.Plans of Doll-house and Patterns for Partitions.[147]
Fig. 227.The Chimney.[148]
Fig. 228.Front View of Elevator-shaft and Stairs.[149]
Figs. 229-232.Details of the Elevator.[149]
Fig. 233.The Front Gable-end.[152]
Figs. 234-237.Details of Stairs.[153]
Fig. 238.Exterior of Stable.[160]
Fig. 239.Interior of Stable.[161]
Fig. 240.Front Gable-end.[162]
Fig. 241.Stall Partitions.[162]
Fig. 242.Ladder to Hay-loft.[163]
Fig. 243.The Most Stylish Apartments in Doll Town.[166]
Fig. 244.How the Three Stories are Arranged Side by Side to form a Six-room Apartment.[166]
Fig. 245.Plan of the Six-room Doll Apartment.[166]
Fig. 246.The First Story Unit and Diagram of Partitions.[167]
Fig. 247.The Second Story Unit and Diagram of Partitions.[167]
Fig. 248.The Third Story Unit and Diagram of Partitions.[167]
Fig. 249.In Cutting the Opening for the Bay Windows, leave a Narrow Strip over the Opening, as above, for a "Beam."[168]
Figs. 250 and 251.How the Removable Roof is Constructed.[169]
Fig. 252.How the Chimney and Chimney Cap are Made.[169]
Fig. 253.The Living-room Mantel.[171]
Fig. 254.Details of Mantel.[171]
Figs. 255-258.Two Lighting Fixtures and how to Make Them.[172]
Figs. 259-266.Patterns for Furniture.[177]
Fig. 267.Chairs.[178]
Fig. 268.Chairs.[178]
Fig. 269.A Settee.[179]
Fig. 270.A Table.[179]
Fig. 271.Another Design.[180]
Fig. 272.A Side-board.[181]
Fig. 273.A Mirror.[182]
Fig. 274.A Grandfather's Clock.[183]
Fig. 275.A Bed.[184]
Fig. 276.Another Design.[184]
Fig. 277.A Dresser.[185]
Fig. 278.A Wash-Stand.[186]
Fig. 279.A Doll's Folding-bed.[187]
Fig. 280.Folding-bed (open).[188]
Fig. 281.Foot.[188]
Fig. 282.Dresser Completed.[189]
Fig. 283.A Doll's Dresser.[189]
Fig. 284.An Express-wagon.[192]
Fig. 285.A Cart.[192]
Fig. 286.Cross-section of the Express-wagon.[192]
Figs. 287 and 288.An Auto Delivery-wagon Built of Cigar-boxes.[frontispiece]
Fig. 289.A Jack-in-the-box.[194]
Fig. 290.The Skeleton of the Jack-in-the-box.[194]
Fig. 291.A Round-seated Chair.[194]
Fig. 292.A Round Center-table.[194]
Fig. 293.A Dining-table.[194]
Fig. 294.A Square-seated Chair.[194]
Fig. 295.A Doll's Cradle.[194]
Fig. 296.Pedestal of Center-table.[194]
Fig. 297.Leg of Dining-table.[194]
Fig. 298.Pattern for Cradle Rockers.[195]
Fig. 299.Doll Carriage.[196]
Fig. 300-302.Details of Doll Carriage.[197]
Fig. 303.Baby Carriage Hood.[198]
Fig. 304.Diagram of Hood.[198]
Fig. 305.Carriage Handles.[198]
Fig. 306.The Two-wheel Cart.[199]
Figs. 307-309.Details of Cart.[199]
Fig. 310.Merry-go-round.[200]
Fig. 311.Teeter.[200]
Fig. 312.Cardboard Strip for Merry-go-round and Teeter.[200]
Fig. 313.Boy and Girl Riders for Merry-go-round and Teeter.[200]
Fig. 314.Doll Swing.[201]
Fig. 315.Detail of Swing.[201]
Figs. 316 and 317.Details of Swing Seat.[202]
Fig. 318.Sofa.[202]
Figs. 319-321.Details of Sofa.[203]
Fig. 322.Chair.[203]
Fig. 323.Square Center-table.[203]
Fig. 324.Round Center-table.[203]
Fig. 325.The Home-made Mail-box Strapped to the Face of a Door.[206]
Fig. 326.The Home-made Mail-box Strapped to a Chair Back.[206]
Fig. 327.Diagram for Making Sides, Ends, and Bottom of Mail-box.[206]
Fig. 328.Diagram for Making Top.[206]
Fig. 329.Diagram for Making End Pieces of Letter-drop.[206]
Fig. 330.Diagram for Making Front Piece of Letter-drop.[206]
Fig. 331.The Sides, Ends, and Bottom folded ready to be put Together.[207]
Fig. 332.Top, showing how Portion is Bent up for Back of Letter-drop.[207]
Fig. 333.Ends of Letter-drop.[207]
Fig. 334.Front of Letter-drop.[207]
Fig. 335.Top, with Letter-drop Completed.[207]
Fig. 336.Diagram for Making Collection-drop.[208]
Fig. 337.How the Collection-drop is Folded.[208]
Fig. 338.The Collection-drop Hinged in Place.[208]
Fig. 339.The Complete Reflectoscope.[210]
Fig. 340.Detail of Ventilator Top.[210]
Fig. 341.Plan of Reflectoscope.[211]
Fig. 342.Cross-section of Reflectoscope.[211]
Figs. 343 and 344.Details of Lens Mounting.[213]
Fig. 345.View of Back of Reflectoscope.[213]
Fig. 346.Detail of Post Card Holder.[213]

HOME-MADE TOYS
FOR
GIRLS AND BOYS

HOME-MADE TOYS

No mechanical toy is more interesting to make, nor more interesting to watch in operation, than a miniature windmill. It is a very simple toy to construct, and the material for making one can usually be found at hand, which are two reasons why nearly every boy and girl at one time or another builds one.

The Paper Pinwheel shown in [Fig. 1] is one of the best whirlers ever devised. A slight forward thrust of the stick handle upon which it is mounted starts it in motion, and when you run with the stick extended in front of you it whirls at a merry speed.

Fig. 1.—The Paper Pinwheel is the Simplest Pinwheel to Make.

A piece of paper 8 or 10 inches square is needed for the pinwheel. Fold this piece of paper diagonally from corner to corner, both ways. Then open the paper, and with a pair of scissors cut along the diagonal creases, from the corners to within ½ inch of the center ([Fig. 2]). Next, fold corners A, B, C, and D over to the center, as shown in [Fig. 3], run a pin through the corners and through the center of the sheet of paper, drive the point of this pin into the end of the stick handle, and the pinwheel will be completed.

Fig. 2.—Diagram for Paper Pinwheel.

Fig. 3.—How the Paper Pinwheel is Folded.

The Pinion-wheel Windmill in [Fig. 4] may be made of cardboard or tin. A circular piece 10 or 12 inches in diameter is required. After marking out the outer edge with a compass, describe an inner circle about 1 inch inside of it; then draw two lines through the center at right angles to each other, and another pair at an angle of 45 degrees to these. These lines are shown by the heavy radial lines in [Fig. 5]. One-half inch from each of these lines draw a parallel line, as indicated by dotted lines in [Fig. 5]. The next thing to do is to cut out the disk, and cut along the heavy lines just as far as the lines are shown in the diagram ([Fig. 5]), and then to bend up the blades thus separated, to an angle of about 45 degrees, bending on the second set of radial lines (dotted lines in [Fig. 5]).

Fig. 4.—A Pinion-wheel Windmill.

You had better make a cardboard pinion-wheel first, then a tin one afterwards, as cardboard is so much easier to cut. A pair of heavy shears will be necessary for cutting a tin wheel, and a cold chisel for separating the edges of the blades.

Fig. 5.—Diagram for Pinion-wheel Windmill.

To Mount the Pinion-wheel drive a long nail through the center, through the hole in a spool, and into the end of a stick. Then nail the stick to a post or a fence top.

The Four-blade Windmill shown in [Fig. 6] has a hub 4 inches in diameter and 1 inch thick ([Fig. 7]). This should be cut out of hard wood. Draw two lines across one face, through the center, and at right angles to each other. Then carry these lines across the edge of the block, not at right angles to the sides, but at an angle of 45 degrees. Saw along these lines to a depth of 1¼ inches. The ends of the windmill blades are to fit in these slots.

Cut the blades of equal size, 9 inches long, 5 inches wide on the wide edge, and 1½ inches wide on the narrow edge, and fasten them in the slots with nails.

Fig. 6.—A Four-blade Windmill.
Fig. 7.—Hub
Fig. 8.—How to Slot End of Shaft for Tail.

With the blades in position, pivot the hub to the end of the windmill shaft, a stick 20 inches long ([Fig. 6]). The end opposite to that to which the hub is pivoted is whittled round, and slotted with a saw to receive a tail ([Fig. 8]). The tail may be of the same size as the blades, though it is shown shorter in the illustration.

Mount the Windmill upon a post, pivoting its shaft at the balancing center with a nail or screw. Bore a hole large enough so the shaft will turn freely upon the pivot, and the windmill will thus keep headed into the wind.

The Eight-blade Windmill in [Fig. 9] has a spool hub ([Fig. 10]), and blades made of cigar-box wood, shingles, tin, or cardboard ([Fig. 11]). You will see by [Figs. 10] and [11] that the blades are nailed to the side of short spoke sticks, and the sticks are driven into holes bored in the spool hub. The hub turns on the rounded end of the shaft stick ([Fig. 12]), and the square end of this shaft is slotted to receive the fan-shaped tail ([Figs. 12] and [13]).

Fig. 9.—An Eight-blade Windmill.

For the Hub use a large ribbon-spool. You can get one at any drygoods store. Locate eight holes around the center of the spool at equal distances from one another, and bore these with a gimlet or bit, or cut them with the small blade of your jack-knife.

Cut the Eight Blades 6 inches long, 5 inches wide on their wide edge, and 1½ inches wide on their narrow edge. Prepare the hub sticks about ½ inch by ¾ inch by 4½ inches in size, and whittle one end pointed to fit in the hub ([Fig. 11]). Fasten the blades to the spokes with nails long enough to drive through the spokes and clinch on the under side. Glue the spokes in the hub holes, turning them so the blades will stand at about the angle shown.

Fig. 10.—Spool Hub. Fig. 11.—Blades. Fig. 12.—Shaft. Fig. 13.—Tail.

The Shaft should be made of a hard wood stick about ¾ inch by 1½ inches by 30 inches in size. Cut the round end small enough so the hub will turn freely on it, and punch a small hole through it so a brad may be driven through to hold the hub in place. Cut the slot in the square end with a saw.

Cut the Tail of the shape shown in [Fig. 13].

Pivot the Windmill upon the top of a post support, in the same manner as directed for the other windmills.

[Figure 14] shows how the toy windmill may be rigged up

Fig. 14.—How the Windmill may be Rigged up to Operate a Toy Jumping-Jack.

To Operate a Toy Jumping-Jack, by supporting the jumping-Jack on a bracket, and connecting its string to the hub of the windmill. You can make your jumping-Jack like the one in [Fig. 110], the details of which are shown in [Fig. 113].

Cut the upright of the bracket (A, [Figs. 14] and [15]) 14 inches long, and the crosspiece (B) 7 inches long. Nail A to B, and nail the jumping-Jack at its center to the end of B ([Fig. 15]). Fasten the triangular block (C) to the lower end of A, and then nail both A and C to the edge of the shaft at a point that will bring the string of the jumping-Jack a trifle beyond the windmill blades.

Fig. 15.—How the Jumping-Jack is Supported.
Fig. 16.—Spool Hub.

Fasten a small stick with a brad driven in one end, in notches cut in the hub's flanges ([Fig. 16]), and connect the brad and Jack's string with a piece of wire or strong string. Then as the windmill revolves it will operate the toy in the manner indicated in [Figs. 14] and [15].

[CHAPTER II]