LITERATURE
a. Hairs, bristles, cleaning spines, calcaria, combs, etc.
Leydig, Franz. Zum feineren Bau der Arthropoden. (Müller’s Archiv f. Anat. und Phys., 1855, pp. 376–480.)
Fobel, Auguste. Les fourmis de la Suisse. Bâle, 1874.
Saunders, Edward. Remarks on the hairs of some of our British Hymenoptera. (Trans. Ent. Soc. London, 1878, pp. 169–171.)
Perez, J. Notes d’apiculture. (Bull. Soc. d’Apic. de la Gironde, Bordeaux, 1882.)
Osten Sacken, C. R. von. An essay on comparative chætotaxy, or the arrangement of characteristic bristles of Diptera. (Trans. Ent. Soc. London, 1884, pp. 497–517.)
—— Preliminary notice of a subdivision of the suborder Orthorrhapha Brachycera (Diptera) on chætotactic principles. (Berlin Ent. Zeitschr., 1896, pp. 365–373.)
Janet, Charles. Études sur les fourmis. 8e Note. Sur l’organe de nettoyage tibio-tarsien de Myrmica rubra. (Ann. Soc. Ent. France, 1895, pp. 691–704, 6 Figs.)
See also J. B. Smith’s Economic Entomology, 1896, hairs of bees. Also the writings of De Geer, Huber, Fenger, Mayr, Forel, Canestrini, and Berlese (1880); Dahl, Cheshire, etc.
b. Glandular and poisonous setæ and spines
Ratzeburg, J. Th. Ch. Ueber entomologische Krankheiten. (Stettin Ent. Zeit., 1846, vii, pp. 35–41.)
Zeller, P. C. Revision der Pterophoriden. (Linnæa Ent., vi, pp. 319–416, 1852, at p. 356 speaks of “Drüsenhärchen.”)
Dimmock, George. On some glands which open externally on insects. (Psyche, iii, pp. 387–401, 1882.)
Goossens, Th. Des chenilles urticants. (Ann. Soc. Ent. France, 1881, pp. 231–236.) Des chenilles vésicants. (Ibid., 1886, pp. 461–464.)
Packard, A. S. Notes on some points in the external structure and phylogeny of insects. (Proc. Boston Soc. Nat. Hist., xxv, 1890, pp. 83–114, 2 Pls.)
—— A study of the transformations and anatomy of Lagoa crispata, a bombycine moth. (Proc. Amer. Phil. Soc., xxxii, pp. 275–292, 7 Pls., 1894.)
Holmgren, Emil. Studier öfner hudens och de körtelartade hudorganens morfologi hos Skandinaviska macrolepidopterlarver. (K. Svenska Vetenskaps-Akad. Handl., xxvii, pp. 1–83, Stockholm, 1895, 9 Pls.)
Also the writings of Leydig, Keller, Bach, Karsten, Scribner, Riley, etc.
(See also Literature of repugnatorial glands.)
c. Androconia
Deschamps, Bernard. Récherches microscopiques sur l’organisation des ailes der Lépidoptères. (Ann. des Sc. nat. [?], iii, pp. 111–157, 1835.)
Waufor, T. W. On certain butterfly scales characteristic of sex. (London, 1867–68.)
McIntire, S. J. Notes on the minute structure of the scales of certain insects. (London, 1871.)
Anthony, J. The markings on the battledore scales of some of the Lepidoptera. (London, 1872.)
Scudder, S. H. Antigeny or sexual dimorphism in butterflies. (Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts and Sc., xii, 1877, pp. 150–158.) Also Butterflies, etc. (New York, 1881, pp. 192–206, figs.)
Müller, Fritz. A prega costal das Hesperideas. (Archivas do Museo nac. do Rio de Janeiro, iii, pp. 41–50, 2 Pls., 1878.)
Thomas, M. B. The androconia of Lepidoptera. (Amer. Nat., xxvii, pp. 1018–1021, 2 Pls., 1893.)
d. Scales
Leydig, Franz. Zum feineren Bau der Arthropoden. (Archiv f. Anat. und Phys., 1855, pp. 376–480, 1 Taf.)
Semper, Carl. Beobachtungen über die Bildung der Flügel, Schuppen, und Haare bei den Lepidopteren. (Zeitschrift f. wissensch. Zoologie, 1857, pp. 326–339, 1 Taf.)
Mayer, F. T. Karl. Ueber den Staub der Schmetterlingsflügel. (Allgem. mediz. Centralzeitung, 1860, pp. 772–774.)
Landois, H. Beiträge zur Entwicklungsgeschichte der Schmetterlingsflügel in der Raupe und Puppe. (Zeitschr. f. wissensch. Zoologie, xxi, 1871, pp. 305–316, 1 Taf.)
Weismann, August. Ueber Duftschuppen. (Zool. Anzeiger, i, 1878, pp. 98–99.)
Dimmock, George. Scales of Coleoptera. (Psyche, iv, pp. 1–11, 23–27, 43–47, 63–71, 1883.)
Schaeffer, Cäsar. Beiträge zur Histologie der Insekten. (Zool. Jahrbücher, Abth. f. Anat. u. Ontog., iii, pp. 611–652, 2 Pls., 1889.)
Kellogg, Vernon L. The taxonomic value of the scales of the Lepidoptera. (Kansas Univ. Quart., iii, pp. 45–89, figs. 1–17, 9 Taf., 1894.)
Mayer, Alfred G. The development of the wing-scales and their pigment in butterflies and moths. (Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., xxix., 1896, pp. 209–236, 7 Pls.)
Spuler, Arnold. Beiträge zur Kenntniss des feineren Baues und der Phylogenie der Flügeltedeckung der Schmetterlings. (Zool. Jahrb. Abth. f. Anat. u. Ontog., viii, pp. 520–543, 1 Taf., 1895.)
—— Ueber das Vorhandensein von Schuppenbalg bei den Schmetterlingen. (Biol. Centralblatt, xvi, Sept. 15, 1896, pp. 677–679, 3 figs.)