Index.

The figures refer to the pages, without distinction of text from foot-notes.

Abbé Paris, miracles of, [150].

Abélard; a nominalist, [9];

character of, [81];

works of, [81];

Sic et Non, [82-84];

different opinions concerning his scepticism, [84];

a Biblical critic, [85].

Accommodation, principle of, [222];

used by English divines, [223].

Acts, book of, controversy in Germany concerning, [367].

Ahmed Ibn Zain Elebedin, a Mahometan writer against Christianity, [389].

Alexander Hales (Alesius), a scholastic, [90].

Alexander of Aphrodisias, Pantheism at Padua derived from, [101].

Alexander of Pontus, named by Lucian, [47], [51].

Alexander VII. pope, prohibits Lucian's Peregrinus, [50].

Alexandrian school of Fathers, [59];

opinions held concerning the relation of Christianity to other religions, [386].

Allegory, distinguished from myth and parable, [269].

Allen's Modern Judaism, [387].

Alphonso de Spina, treatise against Mahometans, [388].

Amyntor of Toland, [129].

Angelo Mai, edition by, of Fronto, [48];

of Porphyry's letter to Marcella, [71].

Annet Paul, a Deist writer, [143].

Anselm, view of the Atonement, [69];

works of, [461].

Apollinaris, [455], [456].

Apollonius of Tyana, [47], [62] seq. [408].

Apologetic, office of, [159].

Apologetic Lectures. See [Lectures].

Apologies of early fathers, [453];

Pressensé's mode of classifying, [453];

sources for studying, [454], [460];

table of, [455];

African school of, [457];

Alexandrian school of, [457];

peculiarity of and inferiority to modern, [460].

Apprehend, how distinguished from comprehend, [369].

Aquinas, his dogmatic position defensive, [9], [462].

Argens. See [D'Argens].

Arian tendency in English church, [392].

Ariosto, sceptical jests in, [95].

Aristotle, criticism on Plato by, [42].

Arminius, [392]; Arminians, Ib.

Arndt, J. a Pietist, [424].

Arnobius's Apology, [458].

Arnold of Brescia, [85].

Arnold, German church historian, pref. [xvii].

Ass, worship of, imputed to Christians, [405].

Association mental, works on, [355].

Astroc, first to distinguish documents in Genesis, [254].

Atheism, causes of in modern times, [358];

history of the uses of the term, [413].

Athenagoras, apology of, [456].

Atonement, [335], [360], [366], [369], [386];

literary history of, [368].

Aufklürung-zeit, [227].

Augustin on Porphyry, [62];

De Civ. Dei, [459];

comparison with Aquinas, [460].

Aurellus, Marcus, views of, [45].

Averroes, influence of, [90];

altered tone of Christians towards, ib.;

pantheism derived from, [100];

threefold influence of, [101].

Avesta Zend, [382].

Bacon, influence of, [10];

works respecting, [105];

his philosophy of method, [117].

Bahrdt, disciple of Semler, [227].

Balguy, Dr. works on the Christian evidences, [467].

Bampton, John, [207].

Bampton Lectures, [37], [39], [366], [368], [385], [469].

Bangorian Controversy, [125].

Baronius, the church historian, pref. [xvi].

Barre. See [La Barre].

Bartholmess, le Scept. Theol. [19];

Hist. Crit. [25].

Bartollocci, Lexicon, [386].

Basedow, institutions of, [219], [227].

Basle, theology of the university of, [444].

Bauer, Bruno, [275].

Bauer, L. 441.

Baumgarten-Crusius, [41], 442.

Baur, Chr. of Tübingen, work on Gnosis, [39];

on Celsus, [50];

on Apollonius, [62];

theological position, [278];

life and works, [436].

Bautain, abbé, [448].

Bayle, [168].

Bazard, the Simonian, [294].

Beard's Voices of the Church, [273].

Beaufort, critic of Roman history, [144].

Bello, Italian poet, [95].

Bembo, cardinal, [96].

Benedictines on Abélard's Sic et Non, [83].

Bengel, [17], [132].

Bentham, Jeremy, remarks on by J. S. Mill, [310].

Bentley, Phalaris, [132];

Phileleutherus Lipsiensis, [464].

Berkeley, Bp. [149], [236].

Berlin, university of, [218], [241], [244].

Bernard, St. contest of with Abélard, [81], [82].

Berry Street Lecture, [466].

Beugnot, Les Juiss, [385].

Bhagavat Gitá, [382].

Bible, statement of modern difficulty on, [372].

Biblia Pauperum, [222].

Bibliander, collection of works against Mahometanism, [388].

Bibliolatry, origin of the term, [233].

Bibliotheca Fratrum Polonorum, [391].

Bibliotheca Sacra, [45], [250], [279], [436], [439], pref. [xvii].

Biddle, J. the English unitarian, [392].

Bilderdyk, Dutch poet, [446].

Bini Carlo, Italian poet, [16].

Biographical treatment of doubt, use of, [32] seq.

Biran. See [De Biran].

Blackball, against Toland, [129].

Blackwood's Magazine on Renan, [302].

Bleda's Defensio Fidei, [388].

Blount, C. the deist, [64], [123], [124].

Blount, Prof. works of, [369], [466].

Boccaccio, Le Tre Aunella, [89].

Boethius quotes Porphyry on predication, [56], [79].

Bolingbroke, works and opinions, [144] seq.

Bolton, Hulsean Prize Essay, [73], [451].

Bonald, [448].

Boone, Shergold, argument on divine attributes, [26].

Boulmier, Life of Bayle, [168].

Boyle, Robert, [207], [466].

Boyle Lectures, [466]; list of several, [467].

Bretschneider, German Theologian, [231], [234], [268].

Bridgewater Treatises, [469].

British Quarterly Review, on Italian Renaissance, [94];

on Spinoza, [106];

on German theology, [232];

on Schleiermacher, [241];

on modern German theology, [284];

on Comte, [295].

Browne, Dr. Peter, [466].

Brucker on Scholastic philosophy, [77].

Bruno Giordano, [102].

Buchanan on Atheism, [469].

Buckle, on the state of France in the eighteenth century, [164];

on office of free thought, [349].

Buddeus, [419].

Buddhism, [46], [383], [385].

Buddhist pilgrims, [382].

Bunsen, Chevalier, [250].

Burgh, reputed a deist, [202].

Burnouf, Eugene on Zend, [381].

Burton, Dr. on Gnostics, [39], [40].

Butler, Bp. relation to Shaftesbury, [131];

account of his works, [157] seq.;

points in his Analogy weakened, [157];

attacks on the Analogy, [158];

his originality, [158];

his position, [362];

Whewell on his Ethics, [369];

value of, [451], [466], [467].

Butler, Charles, works of, [110], [164], [165].

Buxtorf, on Hebrew vowel points, [113].

Byron, Vision of Judgment, [95];

his scepticism, [203].

Cabanis, [191], [290].

Cabbala, Franck on, [39].

Calas, the family of, [171].

Calderon, [95].

Campanella, [102].

Canon, date when fixed, [58];

works on, [58];

Toland on, [129].

Cantacuzene, [388].

Canz of Tübingen, [216].

Capellus, on Hebrew vowel points, [113].

Cappadose, [445].

Cardan, [102].

Carlisle, an unbeliever in the present century, [202].

Carlyle, T. his works and influence, [315] seq.

Carmen Memoriale, [385].

Causes in Christianity for a struggle with free thought, [1], [2];

in the nature of man for ditto, [13-32];

moral causes of doubt, pref. [vii].; [13], [14-18], [348], [464];

intellectual of ditto, [30];

instances of, [17];

why selected for study, pref., [345];

peculiarity of analysis of them, [346];

of unbelief in old heathens, [71];

of ditto in the present age, [358];

why the work is written, pref. [xii].

Celsus, named, S; character and life, [50], [76];

work of analysed, [50] seq.;

discussed, [403];

Pressensè on, [403].

Century, nineteenth, comparison of with third century A.D. [356], [357].

Chaldee letters, when introduced into Judæa, [385].

Chalmers's works, [468].

Chandlers, the, against Collins, [466].

Change of tone in modern doubt, [308].

Channing, [392].

Charron, [168].

Chateaubriand, [291].

Chissuk Emuna, [386].

Christianity not Mysterious, of Toland, [127];

ditto as old as Creation, of Tindal, [138].

Christianity, peculiarities in it which are the ground of attack by free thought, [1], [2].

See Cause.

Christian Remembrancer, on French preachers, [300].

Christology of Strauss, [433].

Chronicles, Books of, works on, [17].

Chrysostom, compared to Bernard, [460].

Chubb, T. the deist, [142].

Church, see [History], [English], [French].

Classification of German theologians, [439].

Claudius, [243].

Clement, the apology of, [457].

Clementines, the, [47], [400].

Clergy, education of in reference to doubt, [344].

Cocceius, allegorical interpretation of, [222].

Cocquerel, the two, [449].

Colani, [305], [448].

Coleridge, [25], [316];

Mill on, [310];

his system described, [330] seq.;

literature concerning, [331];

on inspiration, [474].

Collard, Royer, [447].

Collins, the Deist, on Daniel, [60];

views of explained, [133] seq.

Combe, [312].

Communism, French, [292], [294].

Comparative study of religions, see [Religion].

Comte, [32]; system explained, [295] seq. [312].

Condillac, [148], [167].

Conferences in Paris, history of, [300].

Congregational Lectures, [466].

Consciousness, the Christian, [246], [372].

Constant, Benjamin, Polytheisme, [44], [88];

De la Religion, [387], [447].

Convocation, proceedings of against Toland, [128].

Cosmas Indicopleustes, [70].

Costa, see [Da Costa].

Coteries in Paris in eighteenth century, [178], [421].

Courcelles, disturbs readings of the Text, [132].

Cousin, [22], [26], [27];

on Spinoza, [107];

system explained, [296] seq. [396], [447].

Coward, a materialist, [122].

Coward Lecture, [466].

Crescens, attack of on Christianity, [48].

Creuzer, on mythology, [450].

Criticism, two kinds of, pref. [ix].;

standard for in this work, pref. [xi].;

science of created by the Germans, [210].

Cyril, work of against Julian, [410], [459].

Da Costa, converted Jew at Amsterdam, [445].

Daillé, on Ignatian Epistles, [132].

D'Alembert, [178].

Damascenus, J. [388].

Damiron, pref. [xx].; [191].

Daniel, Book of, Porphyry's attack on, [60] seq.;

commentators on, ib.;

Greek words in, ib.;

peculiarities of, ib.;

difficulties concerning it stated, [407].

Dante on Averroes, [90].

D'Argens, work on Julian, [65], [177].

Darwin's theory of species, [79].

Daub, German theologian, [265].

D'Aubigné of Geneva, [444].

Davidson, Dr. S. on Job, [5]; on Inspiration, [474].

De Biran, [394], [447].

De Bonald, [448].

D'Eckstein, [448].

Deism, in England, [11];

division of, [116], [126], [144];

name explained, [118];

peculiarities of English, [154];

introduced into Germany, [214], [216], [217], [338], [415];

compared with unitarianism, [328].

De la Monnaie, on the De Tribus Impostoribus, [412].

Deluge, difficulties on, [18].

De Maistre, [19], [300], [447].

Demoniacs, Semler on, [223].

Dèmonstrations Evangeliques, a collection of works on Evidences, [464].

De Prades, [177].

De Pressensé, see [Pressensé].

Descartes, [10];

works on, [106];

method of, [117].

De Tracy, [191].

Dewar on German theology, pref. [xxiv].

De Wette, [18], [252], [429].

D'Holbach, [181] seq.

Διαλεκτική of Plato, [78].

Diderot, life and works, [179] seq.

Difenbach's Jud. Convert. and Jud. Convers. [386].

Difficulties, chief in the present day, [357], [366] seq.

Disputatio Jechielis, [385].

Dodwell, a deistical pamphlet of, [143].

Dogmatic theology in Germany in seventeenth century, [212].

Dolet, [168].

Döllinger's Judenthum, [42].

Donnellan Lecture, [466].

Dorner's Person Christi, [280]; pref.

Dort, synod of, [212].

Doubt, causes of, see [Cause], [Biographic], [Change], [Utility].

Douglas, Bp. J. Criterion, [151].

Dragonnades, [165].

Dura, image of, [407].

Ecclesiastes, book of, [5].

Eclectic school in France, [297], [446];

new school of, [301].

Ecrasez l'infame, explained, [175].

Edelmann, [227].

Edinburgh Review on Correlation of Force, [354];

on mental association, [355].

Education of the clergy at the present time, [344].

Education of the World, Lessing not the real author of, [87].

Eichhorn, rationalism of, [232].

El, in composition of proper names, [431].

Eleatic schools, [84].

Ellis on Divine Things, [470].

Elohim, [255].

Emerson, remarks on, [317].

Encyclopædists in France, [180].

Enfantin, the St. Simonian, [294].

England, unbelief in, Lect. [IV]. and [V].;

modern forms of, Lect. [VIII]. and [329] seq.;

books of, [338].

English church, subdivisions of the history of, [467].

English divines, seven chief, [289].

English, works of Evidences in, [465] seq.

works on Inspiration, [475].

Epicureans, opinions of on religion, [42], [43].

Episcopius, [392].

Ernesti, [220].

Erskine's Evidences, [469].

Esprit fort, compared with freethinker, [416].

Essays and Reviews, [330], [336].

Este, Alphonso de, [228].

Ethical school, rise of in England, [146].

Eusebius on Porphyry, [56] seq.;

reply to Hierocles, [408], [459], [460].

Euthymius Zigabenus, [388].

Evanson on the Gospels, [422].

Everlasting Gospel, Franciscan book so called, [86] seq.

Evidences, history of, [362];

in early church, [453], [455];

in the Alexandrian school, [364];

alteration in, according to time and place, [41], [460];

in the middle age, [461];

at the Renaissance, [462];

in France in eighteenth century, [194], [207], [470];

in Germany, [365], [472];

in England, [464];

Butler, [157];

modern books on, [343], [433];

subdivision of history of, [452];

two modes of studying, [451];

external, [73], [451], [453];

why less used in early church, [73], [453];

internal, [444];

value of in eighteenth century, [370];

instances of value, [362], [364];

logical force of, [15], [451];

opposition to, whence, [208].

Ewald, [252], [258], [430].

Ewing, Greville, on Jews, [387].

Fabricius, J. A. [13];

works on Jewish controversy, [386].

Fabricius, J. Consid. Var. Controv. [387].

Fairness necessary in the inquiry, [346].

Farmer on Demons, [202].

Fathers of the fourth century, [460].

Feeling used as a test of truth, [29], [30].

Félix, Père, [300].

Ferrara, court of, [228].

Feuerbach, [275].

Fichte, [236].

Ficinus, De Rel. Christ. [462].

Fiction modern, pantheistic character of, [318].

Fleury, the historian, pref. [xvii].

Fleury, opinion on English literature, [169].

Fontenelle, [168], [193], [201].

Foreign Quarterly Review on Tholuck, [285].

Formula Concordiæ, [212].

Formula Consensus, [113].

Foscolo on Romantic epic, [94].

Foster, [467].

Fourier, [293].

Fox, W. J. Religious Ideas, [338].

Foxton, Popular Christianity, [338].

France, state of when infidelity arose in eighteenth century, [164];

sources of freethinking in, [178];

school at beginning of century, [290];

evidences in, [470].

Franck on Cabbala, [89], [382];

on Salvador, [299].

Francke, A. H. the Pietist, [424].

Fraser's Magazine, on utilitarianism, [27];

on pantheism in the university of Paris, [299];

on Renan, [302].

Frederick II, blasphemy concerning three impostors, [88].

Frederick II, of Prussia, [176], [217].

Freethinker explained, [416].

Freethought, critical history of, pref. [ix].;

three kinds of, pref. [v].;

law expressing the mode of its operation, [6-11];

four epochs of its action, [7-11];

office of in history, [348], [352];

political character of in middle ages, [76], [91];

change in modern forms of it, [307], [352];

use of inquiry into, [35] seq. [342];

causes which made it turn into unbelief, [13] seq.

French church under Bourbons, [301].

French protestant church. See [Protestant].

French revolution, religious aspects of, [188].

Fries, German philosopher, [252].

Fronto's attack on Christianity, [48].

Galen, speaks of Christianity, [401].

Galileo, [350].

Gallican liberties, [165].

Gaussen, writer on Theopneustie, [444], [474].

Geddes, Dr. works of, [422].

Gellius Aulus, remark on Peregrinus, [49].

Genesis, De Wette on, [256].

Genthe, F. W. De Impost. Relig. [412].

Geology, difficulties arising from, [315].

Gerard on evidences, [55], [452].

Gerhardt, German hymn-writer, [424].

Germany; works of evidence in, [472];

literature of, [210];

patriotism in liberative war, [240];

philosophy of, [235] seq.;

theology of, subdivision of, [211];

three periods in its history, [218];

sources of, [439];

classification of, 440.

Gfrörer, [436].

Gibbon, works criticised, [196] seq.

Gibson, Bp. Pastorals of against Woolston, [137], [466].

Gildon's Oracles of Reason, [124].

Gnostics [8], [40].

Godwin, Political Justice, [200].

Goerres, German mystical philosopher, [241].

Göttingen, university of, [219].

Göze, opponent of Reimarus, [226].

Gospels, controversy on explained, [267], [268].

Graffito blasfemo, [405].

Grant, Sir A. on stoics, [45], [351].

Graves, on Pentateuch, [468].

Greece, state of in fifth century B.C. [351].

Greek words in the book of Daniel, [60].

Greg, W. R. Creed of Christendom of, [321].

Gregory IX. pope, remark on Frederick II. [88].

Grimm, baron, [178].

Groen Van Printsterer. See [Printsterer].

Gröningen party in Dutch church, [445].

Grote on Greek mythology, [5];

on sophists, [42];

on state of Greece in fifth century B.C. [351].

Grotius, De Ver. Chr. Relig. [464].

Grove on correlation of force, [354].

Guadagnoli, a writer against Mahometanism, [355].

Guhrauer, on Lessing, [426].

Guizot on Prayer, [395].

Gurlitt on Wolfenbüttel Fragments, [426].

Gustavus Adolphus association, [286].

Gutskow, [276].

Hadrian, mention of Christianity, [401].

Hävernick, [283].

Hagenbach, pref. [xxiv].

Hallam, subdivision of historical inquiry by, [379].

Halle, pietistic oppostion to Wolff at, [215];

university of, [219], [244];

orphan-house at, [424].

Hamilton, sir W. criticism on Cousin, [28], [433].

Hampden, Bp. Philosophical Evidences of Christianity on Butler, [157].

Hardwick, Christ and other Masters, [381], [382].

Harms's Theses, [201].

Hartley, [148].

Hauréau on scholasticism, [80].

Heathens, ancient, opposition to Christianity, Lect. [II],;

religious tendencies among, [42] seq.;

reaction in favour of, [44];

parallel to the struggle with, [40], [73];

few references to Christianity among, [400].

Hebrew monarchy, F. Newman on, [326];

people, Ewald's history of, [430].

Hegel, [237], [268];

compared with Heraclitus, [433].

Hegelian philosophy, [263];

contrasted with that of Schleiermacher, [265].

Hegelian school, subdivided, [266];

young school of, [438].

Heine, H. the poet, [16], [276].

Helvetius, works, [181] seq.

Hengstenberg, [283];

on Job, [5];

on Pentateuch, [254].

Henke, pref. [xvii].; [233].

Hennell, S., [198], [322], [323].

Herbart, German philosopher, creator of a realistic tendency, [438].

Herbert of Cherbury, works. [118] seq.

Herder, [228], [239].

Hermes, professor at Bonn, [240].

Hermias, apology of, [457].

Herzog's Real-Encycl. [17], [228], [241].

Hey, professor at Cambridge, [392].

Hierocles. [62];

Eusebius's work against, [408].

Hieronymus, see [Jerome].

Hieronymus Xavier, see [Xavier].

Hilgenfeld, professor at Jena, [436].

Hindu, literature, [382];

philosophy, [383].

Historic evidences of Christianity, [147].

Historic method of study in philosophy, [31], [379], [380], [396];

the peculiarity of this age, pref. [xiii].

History, threefold phase of, [2], [3], [379].

History of church, writers on, pref. [xvii].

Hobbes, works, [121] seq.

Holland, sir H. on force, [354].

Holland, modern theology of, [445];

remonstrants, [110].

Holsten, Vita Porphyrii, [56].

Holyoake, G. J. [312].

Hoornbeek, Summa Controv. [296], [382], [386], [393].

Hottinger, Historia Orientalis, [386], [389].

Houtteville, pref. [xv].; [41], [62], [470].

Huet, [19], [59], [450], [470].

Hütten, Ulric von, [99]

Hulse, founder of the Lecture, [207], [466].

Hulsius, [386].

Hume, [148] seq.;

Essay on miracles, [150].

Hundeshagen, [10]; pref. [xxiv].

Hyper-Lutheranism, [284].

Iamblichus, life of Pythagoras by, [64].

Idea, first used in a subjective sense by Descartes, [422].

Idealism, difficulties arising from school of, [312].

Ideology explained, [185], [421].

Ignatian epistle, [49].

Illgen's Zeitschrift, [87];

on Reimarus, [426].

Illuminism, name explained, [227].

Imbonati, [386].

Impostoribus, De Tribus, legendary book so called, [89], [412].

Infidel, word discussed, [413].

Infidelity in France, [11];

division of, [169];

summary of, [193] seq.;

in England after the French revolution, [200].

Infinity, different theories on our knowledge of, [108].

Inspiration, psychological analysis of, [29];

view of in Germany in the seventeenth century, [113], [212], [333], [337], [373];

history of, [473];

opinions of English divines concerning, [475];

literature of, [475].

Interpretation, history of, [221];

Semler's historic method, [221];

methods of, [222];

Strauss's account of, [271].

Intuition, relation of to religion as a test of truth, [27-29], [394];

compared with νοῦς, [331].

Isaac, Rabbin, [385].

Jacobi, German philosopher, [236], [238].

Jehovah, discussion on name, [255], [430];

used in composition of Hebrew proper names, [431].

Jena, university of, [228].

Jenkins, writer on evidences, [467].

Jerome, passages of about Porphyry, [58] seq.

Jerusalem, temple of, Julian's attempt to rebuild, [67].

Jerusalem, German theologian, [226].

Jewish controversy against Christianity, [12], [384] seq.

Jews, reformed, [387].

Joachim, author of Everlasting Gospel, [86].

Job, Book of, [5].

John of Parma, author of the preface to Everlasting Gospel, [86].

Jouffroy, French philosopher, [447].

Journal, Kitto's; on inspiration, [473].

Journalism, French, [294].

Jowett, Professor, [62], [330], [382].

Julia Domna, [63].

Julian. S;

life of. [64], [65], [72];

acts of, [66];

book against Christians by, [68], [410];

rebuilding of temple by, [67].

Justin Martyr, [354], [384]; apologies, [456].

Kahnis, work on German protestantism, pref. [xxv].; [218].

Kant, relation of his view to religion, [27];

compared with Abélard, [84];

spread of his philosophy, [228];

spirit of it, [269];

theology of, [229] seq.;

division of rationalists by, [416].

Keil on Chronicles, [17].

Kidder, Demonstration of Messias, [386].

Kingsley, C. [32], [46], [330].

Kirchenbund, and Kirchentag, [285].

Kirchoff, discoveries on contents of solar atmosphere, [355].

Kitto's Biblical Cyclæpedia, on Job, [5];

on Isaiah, [254];

on Interpretation, [220];

on accommodation, [222];

on Daniel, [408].

Klose on Reimarus, [426].

Koerner, the poet, [240].

Koestlin, [436].

Kortholt, De Relig. Mahom., [370];

De Tribus Impost. [412], [414];

Paganus Obtrectator, [404].

Krebsius on Lucian, [402].

Kuenen, professor at Leyden, [446].

Labarre, [170].

Labbeus, Concilia, [87].

Laotantius, Divin. Instit., [458].

Lake school of poetry, [239], [309].

Lambert, St., [178].

Lamennais, [447].

La Mettrie, [177].

Landscape art of England, [309].

Lardner's works, Lect. II. passim; pref. [xix]; [466], [468].

Larroque, sceptical works of, [299].

Latitude party in the English church in time of Charles II. [392].

Laurent's works, [76].

Lavator, [243].

Laws of contradiction and sufficient reason, [215].

Lay scholars among reformers, [212].

Lechler, Gesch. des Engl. Deismus, pref. [xx].

Leclerc on inspiration, [113].

Lectures apologetic, Boyle, &c. [466].

Lee, Dr. S., tracts on Mahometanism, [390];

on German theology, pref.

Lee, Dr. W. on inspiration, [114], [473].

Leibnitz, philosophy of, [214].

Leipsic, school of, [219].

Leland on Deism, pref. [xviii].

Leman lake, exiles of, [199].

Le Moyne, Varia Sacra, [389].

Leopardi, Italian poet, [15].

Lerminier, De l' influence, &c. [447].

Leslie, C. Method with Deists, [467].

Lessing, works, [238], [426];

authorship of his Education of the World, [87].

Libre pensée, pref. [v].; [416].

Limborch, Amica Collatio, [386], [392].

Lime Street Lecture, [466].

Lindsay, lord, Scepticism a retrogression, pref. [xvi].

Lippman, Rabbin, [385].

Literature in France, new tone of in eighteenth century, [166];

Fleury's opinion of, [169].

Lobeck on Mythology, [450].

Locke, [125], [148]; Webb on, [167].

Logic, Metaphysics, &c. distinguished, [77];

method of, taught by physical science, [98].

Logical and chronological priority distinguished, [372].

Λόγος of Philo, [332].

Lombard, Peter, [461].

Louis XIV. [166].

Lucian, a sceptic, [43];

Peregr. Prot., [48] seq. [402], [403];

life, [48];

Philopatris, [67], [409].

Lucretius, [43].

Lutheran reaction. See [Neo] and [Hyper Lutheranism].

Lyall, Propæd. Prophet., [152].

Lyons, Infallibility of Human Judgment, [135].

Lyttleton, on St. Paul, [209], [368], [467].

Mabillon's Bernard, [82].

Macaulay, subdivision of history, [379].

Mackay, R. W. works of, [319] seq.

Macmillan's Magazine on Cowper, &c. [23];

on Miracle Plays, [95].

Maerklin, [34].

Magdeburg Centuries, pref. [xvii].

Mahábhárata, [383].

Mahomet. [390].

Mahometans, controversy with, [12], [387], [390].

Maimonides, [107].

Maine de Biran, Eclectic philosopher, [394], [447].

Mandeville, [135].

Mansel, Bampton Lect. [470];

on Kant, [229];

on Fichte, [433].

Maracci, Koran, [389].

Marchand's Dictionnaire de Impostoribus, [412]

Maret, [299].

Marheinecke, Hegelian theologian, [265].

Marmontel, [178].

Martineau, J. [321], [338], [392];

on Butler, [157].

Martyn, II. pamphlets on Mahometanism, [390].

Masson, Essays, [33].

Materialism defined, [166];

in Germany, [438].

Maternus, [456].

Maupertnis, [217].

Maurice's Boyle Lectures, [330], [381].

M'Caul's works on Judaism, [387].

M'Cosh, works, [27], [469].

M'Gill on the Chaldee of Daniel, [60].

Mediation school of theology, [241], [279].

Mendelssohn the philosopher, [225].

Metaphysics, [24];

tests of truth in, [25] seq.;

subdivision of, [394].

Mettrie, La, [177].

Miall, E. Bases of Belief, [469].

Michaelis, [220].

Michael Scot, [90].

Micrælios, [386].

Middleton, Conyers, [423].

Migne, Livres Sacrés, [383];

Démonstrations Evangeliques, [464].

Mill, Dr. on Strauss, [273].

Mill, J. S. on variation of terms, [11];

on laws, [32], [311], [380];

on utility, [27];

on society, [32];

on Bentham and Coleridge, [309].

Miller's Bampton Lectures, [366], [468].

Mills, various readings, [132].

Milman on Gibbon, [196].

Milton, compared with Pope and Tennyson, [22].

Minucius Felix, apology, [44], [457].

Miracle Plays, [95].

Miracles, Hume on, [151] seq.;

how distinguished from wonder, [152];

Trench's classification of attacks on, [154].

Miscreant, name explained, [44].

Missions in Germany, [285].

Modern English theology, tendencies in, [329] seq.

Moehter, [240], [250].

Monnaie, de La, [412].

Montaigne, [167].

Montesquieu, [168].

Montgéron on the miracles of Abbé Paris, [150].

Moral causes of doubt. See [Cause].

Moral sense, [364], [369].

Moravians, [161], [285].

Morell's works on tests of truth, [19], [22], [25];

on inspiration, [29].

Morgan's works, [140] seq.

Morinus on Hebrew vowel points, [113].

Mornæus, De Ver. [386], [403].

Mosheim on Everlasting Gospel, [86].

Moyer, lady, lecture on Arianism, [466].

Müller, Julius, [250].

Müller, Max, on myths, [270], [450];

on Sanskrit [383].

Müller, Ottfried, on mythology, [450].

Mundt, [276].

Mysticism, instances of, [20], [30].

Myth, distinguished from parable and legend, [233], [269], [270].

Mythology, Grote on, [5];

altered opinion on in present century, [320], [450].

Names proper, in Hebrew, [255], [431].

National Review on Ecclesiastes, [5];

on Swedenborg, [30];

on Gibbon, [196];

on Shelley, [204];

on Strauss, [273];

on J. H. Newman, [310];

on the working classes, [313];

on Theodore Parker, [324];

on the Acts, [367].

Natural history of doubt, peculiarity of inquiry, [346], [347].

Naturalism, term explained, [415];

compared with positivism, [339].

Neander, Lect. II. passim; life and views. [250], [251], [364];

opposed prohibition of Strauss's book, [272].

Neo-Lutheranism, [283].

Neo-Platonism, explained, [46];

works on, [399];

teachers of, [399];

in English theology [332].

Nettement's works on French literary history, [290], [446].

New Testament, questions on, [367].

Newman, F. [17], [34];

works, [323], [326] seq;

Phases [327];

Hebr. Mon. [327].

Nicholai, [219], [224].

Nicholas, Michel, [254], [430], [448].

Niedner's Zeitschrift, on Reimarus, [426].

Nitzch, [250].

Nizzachon, the two, [385].

Nominalism, [9], [81].

North British Review, on Alexandrian school, [221];

on socialism, [276], [292], [294];

on German theology, [284];

on Comte, [205];

on Galileo, [350];

on S. Hennell, [323];

on Vedas, [383];

on Socinianism, [392];

on Vinet, [444];

on apologetic literature, [464].

Norton on Gospels, [40].

Novalis, [239].

Novel, modern, tendency of, [318].

Oberlin, [243].

Ochino, a unitarian, [99].

Ogilvie, Dr. on doubt, [13].

Olshausen, H. [250].

Ontology explained, [25].

Oracles of Reason of Blount, [124].

Oracles on Christianity, [57].

Orcagna, Averroes in his fresco, [90].

Origen against Celsus, [50], [51], [404], [457];

comparison of with Schleiermacher, [285], [460].

Osiander, comparison of his views with Schleiermacher's, [247].

Oxford movement in church, [424].

See [Reaction].

Owen, R. [201] seq. [307].

Owen, R. D. [202].

Padua, university of, philosophy at, [100].

Paine. T. [149] seq.

Painting, early Italian schools of, [96].

Paley, [466].

Panizzi on Romantic Epic, [94].

Pantheism at Padua, [100];

two kinds of, [101], [109];

name explained, [414].

Paolo Giovio, [96].

Para du Phanjas, [464].

Parable, distinguished from myth, [269].

Paris, àbbé, miracles of, [150].

Parker, Theodore, life and writings of, [323], [324].

Pascal, [470].

Patriotism in Germany, [240].

Paulus, German theologian, [232] seq.

Pearson on infidelity, [13], [311].

Pecock, Reginald, [98].

Pentateuch controversy, [254] seq.

Peregrinus Proteus of Lucian, [49] seq. [402].

Persecution, cause of, [404] seq.

Pestalozzi, [383].

Peter, St. joke on in Romantic Epic, [94].

Petrarch on Evidences, [462].

Pfaff, [419].

Phases of Faith, of F. W. Newman, [327].

Philippsohn on Judaism, [387].

Philopatris of Pseudo-Lucian, [67], [409].

Philosophy, scholastic, [78] seq.;

German, [235] seq. [438].

Philostratus's Life of Apollouius, [63] seq.

Physics, difficulties derived from, [350];

teaches logical method, [98].

Physiology, modern discoveries in. [355];

mode of approaching psychology through, [438].

Piers Plowman, the poem, on contemporary scepticism, [90].

Pietism, [213], [424].

Planck, A. on Lucian, [50], [402].

Planck's Sacred Philology, [221].

Plato on Sophists, [42];

doctrines on religion, [45];

Platonic dialectic, [78];

Platonic party at Cambridge in the seventeenth century, [124], [392].

Plurality of worlds, [201].

Poetry in Germany, schools of, [425].

Pomponatius, [101].

Pope, compared with Milton and Tennyson, [22];

influence of Bolingbroke on, [145].

Porphyry, life and character, [56] seq. [71];

references for studying, [56];

view of oracles, [57];

work against Christians, [57] seq.;

attack on Daniel, [60] seq.;

other views of, [61], [62];

on predication, [57];

letter to Marcella, [71].

Port Royal, miracle of the thorn, [153].

Positivism, described, [296];

in England, [311];

religion of, [312];

compared with Naturalism, [339].

Pouilly, critic on Roman history, [144].

Powell, Baden, on Deluge, [17].

Prayer, extract from Guizot on, [395].

Prejudices of heathens against Christianity, [405].

Presentative consciousness, [394].

Press, freedom of in England, [123].

Pressensé, pref. [xix]., [42], [356], [404], [448], [449], [451], [453].

Priestly, [392].

Printsterer, Groen van, [445].

Progress in religion, [87].

Protestant church in France, freethought in, [304], [448].

Protestantism distinguished from scepticism, pref. [vi].; [9], [99].

Providence, Holyoake on, [313].

Psalms: the seventy-third named, [5], [19];

the division of into books, [256].

Pseudo-Clementines, [400].

Pseudo-Lucian, Philopatris, [409].

Psychology explained, [24];

Morrell on, [395].

Pugio Fidei, [385].

Pulci, [95].

Pusey on German theology, pref. [xxi].;

on inspiration, [475].

Quakers, [29].

Quarterly Review, on Leopardi, [16];

on Romantic Epic, [94];

on Theophilanthropists, [190];

on Fourier, [292].

Quinet, E. on comparison of religions, [5], [381];

on Strauss, [273].

Racovian Catechism, [391].

Rámayana, [382].

Rambouillet, [178].

Ramus, P. [102].

Rationalism in Germany, [11], [231], [234];

subdivided, [218], [417];

compared with Deism, [321];

explained, [416] seq.;

literary dispute on, [418];

in English church, [329], [340].

Ratisbon, confession of, [212].

Ray, [466].

Raymond, Martin, [386].

Raynal, [178].

Reaction among heathens, [44];

Catholic in France, [300], [448];

in Italy, [103];

in Oxford, [285], [310].

Readings, variety of in sacred texts, [182].

Realism explained, [9], [79] seq.

Rees, translation of Racovian Catechism, [391].

Reformation, twofold element in, [211];

not sceptical, [9], [99]:

pref. [vi].; [211];

in Italy, [99].

Reformed Jews, [387].

Reimannus, [7].

Reimarus, [225], [426].

Reinhardt, [231].

Reinhold, [228].

Religion, comparative study of, [4], [380];

Greek, [5];

eastern, [4].

Remonstrants in Dutch church, [110], [445].

Renaissance, [92] seq.;

literature at, [96];

unchristian sympathy at, [96];

evidences at, [462].

Renan, E. [5], [31], [302] seq.; [397];

Averroes, [89];

Lect. [III]. passim.

Rénand, [299].

Repressor. See [Pecock].

Responsibility for belief, [18].

Reuss, [448].

Reville, [446], [448].

Revolution, French, [188];

profanity of, [189].

Revue des Deux Mondes; Taillandier on Abélard, [81];

Saisset on Spinoza, [106];

Remusat on Herbert, [119];

Girardin on Rousseau's Emile, [188];

Scherer on Hegel, [266], [398];

Reville on Parker, [324];

on Comte, [296];

Moleschott, [438];

Young Hegelians, [438];

Reville on Holland, [446];

Renan on metaphysics, [303].

Revue Germanique, on Lessing, [224];

on Gospels, [267].

Richardi Confutatio, [388].

Riddle's Bampton Lectures, pref. [xv].; [468].

Rigg, J. H. Anglican theology, [330].

Riggenbach, [445].

Robespierre, [190].

Robins, S. pref. [xvi].

Rogers, H. [374], [469].

Röhr, [234].

Romaine, [160].

Roman catholic theology in Germany, 442.

Romantic Epic, [94] seq.;

school in Germany, [239], [291].

Roscelin on Trinity, [80].

Rose, H. J. on German theology, pref. [xxi].

Rosenmüller, [220].

Rothe, German theologian, [279], [281], [436].

Rousseau, sources for study of, [183];

life, [183];

works, [184] seq.;

Contral social, [184];

Emile, [185];

Confessions, [187];

compared with Voltaire, [188].

Ruge, [275].

Saintes-Amand, pref. [xxiv].

Saisset, E. on Spinoza. [108].

Salomo Zebi. [386].

Salvador, [299], [387].

Sanskrit literature, [382].

Saumur, school of, [212].

Saussure, Ch. de la, [446].

Scepticism explained, [418] seq.;

kinds of, [419].

Schelling, [27], [46], [238], [433].

Scherer, [31], [397], [448], [474].

Schlegel, F. [239].

Schleiermacher, [242] seq.;

critical works of, [248];

translates Plato, [242];

theological works of, [244], [428] seq.;

Glaubenslehre, [245];

his studies, [428];

compared with Origen and H. St. Victor, [244];

and with Plato, [427].

Schmidt, G. [276].

Schneckenbürger, [436].

Scholastic, philosophy, [77] seq.;

origin of name, [77];

divisions of, [81];

value of scholastic theology, [462].

Scholtens J. H. professor at Leyden, [446].

Schools of German poetry, [425].

Schopenhauer, [438].

Schramm, Anal. Patr. [41], [454].

Schrockh, pref. [xvii].

Scholtens, [446].

Schulze, [228].

Schwarz, C. Gesch. pref. [xxv].

Schwegler, [436].

Schweizer, [439], [444].

Science, anticipations of the future condition of, [354] seq.

Science in theology, [385].

Scriptures, doubts of, [361].

Sebonde on natural religion, [104], [462].

Secker, Abp. relieves Annet, [144];

subscribes to Voltaire, [171].

Secularism, explained, [312], [313].

Semler, works and system, [218] seq.

Sensation, as a test of truth, [25].

Sensationalisim, meaning of, [25].

Servetus, [99].

Severus, Sept. [63].

Shaftesbury, Lord, [130] seq.

Shelley, [16]; [203] seq.;

works, [206].

Sherlock, [467].

Sic et Non, [82].

Silence of heathens on Christianity, [402] seq.

Simeon of Cambridge, [160].

Simon, Jules, [471].

Simon, Richard, [83], [168].

Sirven, [170].

Smith's Dictionary of the Bible, on Ecclesiastes, [5];

Canon, [58];

Genesis, [257];

Daniel, [408];

Jehovah, [480].

Socialism, English, [201];

French, [292];

in 1848, [294];

compared with English, [294].

Socinianism, [12], [99], [391].

Socrates, [84], [351].

Σοφία, of Aristotle, [78].

Sophists of Greece, [351].

Sources of information for the attacks of heathens, [41].

Sources for lectures, pref.

Spener, the Pietist, [213], [424].

Spinoza, [60];

sources of information on, [106];

philosophy of, [107];

Theologicus Politicus, [110];

effects of [113].

Stahl, [283].

Stanhope's Boyle Lectures, [386].

Statistics, difficulties from, [314].

Stattler, [464].

Stephen, list of writers on inspiration, [474].

Sterling, [34].

Stilling, Jung, [243], [285].

Stillingfleet, [466].

Stirner, [276].

St. Lambert. See [Lambert].

Stoics, religious opinions of, [45].

Storr, [231].

Strauss, [34];

on Julian, [66];

life and writings, [267], [434];

life of Christ, [266], [271];

Christology, [269], [433];

view of Christ's ideal, [356];

replies to, [273], [435];

effects of, [272] seq.;

view of his own work, [273];

on Reimarus, [427].

St. Simon, life and sect, [293], [294].

Subjective character of modern unbelief, [308].

Συγκατάβασις, [222].

Suetonius on Christianity, [401].

Supernatural, tendency of labour to depress the sense of, [314]

Swedenborg, [29].

Swift, on Woolston, [137].

Switzerland, modern theology of, [444].

Symmachus, [69].

Tacitus on Christianity, [401].

Taillandier on Abélard, [81], [83].

Taine on Livy, [302], [379].

Tatian, [48], [456].

Taylor, A. on Latitudinarians, [128].

Taylor, I. [469].

Technical. See [Terms].

Telesius, [102].

Templars, unbelief of, [89].

Tendencies, religious, among ancient heathens, [40] seq.

Tennyson, compared with Pope and Milton, [23];

quoted, [260].

Terms, technical, [413]; literature of, [419].

Tertullian's Apology, [457].

Tests of truth, effects of various theories of, [25-30].

Thaer, author of Lessing's Education of the World, [87].

Theodore of Mopsuestia, [221].

Theodosius II. destroyer of heathen works against Christianity, [41].

Theologians, German; classification of, 440 seq.

See [Modern English].

Theophilanthropists, [190].

Theophilus, apologist, [457].

Tholuck, [249];

on evidences, [464]:

pref. [xxiii].;

on inspiration, [473];

attack on Butler's Analogy, [157].

Thomson's, Bp. Bampton Lectures, [368], [385], [469].

See [Atonement].

Tillemont, pref. [xvii].

Tindal, M. works, [139] seq.;

suggestive of Butler's Analogy, [157].

Toland, works, [127] seq.

Toldos Jeschu, [385].

Toleration, works on, and principle of, [118], [406].

Treason, charge of against early Christians, [406].

Trench's Calderon, [95].

Truth, see [Tests].

Tübingen school, [209], [274], [277], [367];

university of, [219].

Tullocks Inaugural Address, [339];

Burnett prize, [469].

Turpin, Abp. joke on in Romantic Epic, [95].

Twelfth century, great minds in, [86].

Twesten, [250].

Tzehirner's Essay, [400];

Apologetik, pref. [xix].

Ullmann, [250].

Unbelief, see [Cause], [Subjective].

Uniformities of Causation and Co-existence, [79].

Unigenitus Bull, [165].

Union of German churches, [282].

Unitarianism, history of, and works on, [392] seq.

Universities, German, [219], [223];

that of Paris attacked for Pantheism, [299].

Utility of the inquiry into doubt, pref. [xii], [342] seq.

Van den Ende, [106].

Vanim, [103]

Van Mildert, pref. [vi], [xv].;

on moral causes of doubt, [13], [345].

Vaughan, R. A. on mystics, [30]; essays, [59].

Vedas, [382].

Vendidad Sade, [381].

Vilmar, classification of German poetry, [425].

Vinet, [444], [448].

Vituperation in books of evidence of seventeenth century, [465].

Volney, Les Ruines, [191] seq.; [290].

Voltaire, on Woolston, [137];

life of, [170];

character of, [171] seq.;

Carlyle on, [171];

theological works of, [174];

opinions of, [175];

ridicule, [172].

Vowel points in Hebrew, controversy on, [113].

Wagenseil, Tela Ignea Satanœ, [385].

Walch, [419], [460].

Walton's Polyglott, various readings in, [132].

Warburton, Divine Legation, [466], [467].

Waterland, reply to Tindal, [188], [464].

Watson, Bp. [198], [464].

Webb on Locke, [168].

Wegscheider, [234].

Weimar, court of, [228].

Welcker on mythology, [450].

Werenfels, tests for miracles, [153].

Wesley, [161], [392].

Westcott on canon, [53];

on Daniel, [408];

on Inspiration, [472].

Westminster Review:

on Job, [5];

Heine, [16];

Rousseau, [183];

German theology, [8];

Byron and Shelley, [208];

Owen, [202];

Weimar, [228];

Vedas, [383];

Bentham, [309];

Positivism, [312];

Carlyle, [315];

Emerson, [317];

S. Hennell, [323];

Parker and Strauss, [324];

F. Newman, [327];

Socialism, [438];

Taine, [302];

Schopenbauer, [432].

Whately's Rhetoric, [14].

Whewell, [28], [79], [369].

White, Blanco, [34].

Whitfield, [160].

Wichern's Inner Mission, [285].

Will distinct from Emotion, [394].

Wiseman, Cardinal, Lectures, [469].

Wolfenbüttel Fragments, [225], [426] seq.

Wolf, J. A. on Homer, [253].

Wolff's Bibliotheca Hebraica, [386].

Wollf, philosophy of, [214] seq.;

life of, [215], [216];

sources for studying, [215];

effects of, [216].

Woodham, [78], [454].

Woolstencraft, [200].

Woolston, [136] seq. [420].

Wordsworth quoted, [115]; [309].

Wulferus, [386].

Xavier, Hieronimo, a writer against the Mahometans, [296].

Yaçna, [387].

Young's Christ of History, [469].

Zeitstimmen, &c., [436].

Zeller, [436], [444].

Zend Literature, [381].

Zeno of Elea, [84].

Zinzendorf, [101].

Zoroaster, [381].

Zurich, university of, [444].