INDEX

Alaska, discovered, [20-2]; Russian régime inaugurated in, [44].

Aleutian Islands, discovery of, [22-9], [37]; the hunt for furs on, [33-44].

Aleuts, their hard lot at the hands of Russian fur traders, [34-9]; take their revenge, [39-43].

Anian, strait of, [8], [9-10].

Astor, John Jacob, forms the Pacific Fur Company, [99], [100], [106].

Astoria, the fur-post on the Columbia, [108], [110]; sold to the North-West Company, [113], [115], [118].

Astorians. See Pacific Fur Company.

Baranoff, a Russian trader on the Pacific Coast, [74].

Barkley, Captain, locates Strait of Juan de Fuca, [57], [59].

Bering, Vitus, his first expedition to the North Pacific, [13-15]; his second expedition, [15-33], [45]; his death, [28], [46], [52].

Blanshard, Richard, governor of Vancouver Island, [130].

Bolduc, Father, with Douglas on Vancouver Island, [128-9].

Boston, its interest in the Pacific Coast, [55], [59]; and settlement in Oregon, [126].

Bostonnais, the ubiquitous, [54-55], [116].

Britain. See Great Britain.

British Columbia, first forts built in, [87], [89], [90]; the fear of American aggression, [129], [131]; proclaimed a British colony, [131]. See New Caledonia.

Broughton, Lieut. Robert, with Vancouver's expedition to the Pacific Coast, [70].

Carrier Indians, the, [77-8], [82], [83], [88], [92], [94-6], [98].

Chinese, their interest in sea-otter furs, [31-2].

Chirikoff, Lieut., explores the North Pacific, [18], [30].

Clark, William, his mission to the Pacific Coast, [86], [87], [90], [108], [125].

Clayoquot Sound, [60]; the tragedy at, [110-12].

Clerke, Captain Charles, in command of Cook's expedition, [52].

Columbia river, [53], [56], [92], [97]; discovered by Gray, [67], [86]; missed, then claimed, by Vancouver, [66], [69-70]; Astor's mission to, [99]; descended by Thompson, [104-9].

Cook, Captain James, his quest of a north-east passage from the Pacific, [45-9]; his tragic death, [49-52].

Cossacks, their harsh treatment of the Aleuts, [34-9]; pay the penalty, [39-43].

Delisle de la Croyère, with Bering's second expedition, [17], [18].

Douglas, James, his Oregon brigade, [117], [123], [124]; governor of Vancouver Island, [128-30]; of British Columbia, [131].

Douglas, Captain William, a Pacific Coast trader, [57-8], [59], [61].

Drake, Sir Francis, with Hawkins at Vera Cruz, [1-2]; his raid on Panama, [3]; his raiding expedition to the Pacific, [3-8]; his attempt to find a north-east passage, [8-10].

Drusenin, Alexis, clubbed to death by Aleuts, [39-40].

East India Company, its foreign commerce, [11-12].

Elisa, Spanish explorer on the Pacific Coast, [60-1], [62], [64].

Elizabeth, Queen, honours Drake, [4], [9].

England, [9]. See Great Britain.

Fort Chipewyan, [72], [73], [88].

Fort Defence, [60]; the Indian raid on, [61].

Fort George, [90], [98], [113].

Fort M'Leod, the first fur-post in British Columbia, [87], [100].

Fort St James, chief post of New Caledonia, [89], [90], [123].

Fort Vancouver, [108], [118].

Fraser, Simon, [80]; his explorations in New Caledonia, [87], [88-90], [104]; his descent of the Fraser, [90-8].

Fraser river, [63-4], [67]; Mackenzie on, [81-2]; descended by Fraser, [90-7]; discovery of gold on, [129], [131].

Fuca, Juan de, his north-east passage from the Pacific, [12]. See Juan de Fuca.

Galiano, Don Dionisio, explores the Pacific Coast, [64], [67-8].

Gamaland, the mythical continent, [12], [14-15], [17], [18].

Ghent, treaty of, and the Pacific Coast, [115-16].

'Golden Hind,' the first English ship to sail the Pacific, [4-9].

Gray, Captain Robert, his expedition to the Pacific Coast, [55], [56], [57-60], [61-2]; discovers the Columbia, [67], [69-70], [74], [125].

Great Britain, her interest in the Pacific Coast, [53-4], [113], [115], [123-4]; the Nootka Affair, [65-6]; her exploring expeditions under Cook and Vancouver, [46], [66-7]; her 'joint occupancy' agreement with the United States, [115-16], [125], [127-8]; proclaims colony of British Columbia, [129-31].

Hanna, Captain, trades on the Pacific Coast, [58], [59].

Haro, Gonzales de, at Nootka, [60].

Hawkins, Sir John, his reception at Vera Cruz, [1-2].

Hearne, Samuel, explorer, [45].

Heceta, Bruno, his River of the West, [52], [56], [58], [62], [67], [125].

Hudson's Bay Company, the, [45], [53]; interested in the Pacific fur trade, [71]; its jurisdiction over Oregon, [116-123]; its short-sighted policy, [124], [126-8]; founds a colony on Vancouver Island, [128-31].

Indians of the Pacific Coast, and Cook, [47-8]; and Gray, [56], [61-2]; and Mackenzie, [83], [84-5]; and Fraser, [88], [96-8]; and the Astorians, [110-12]; and M'Loughlin, [117], [119], [125-6], [127]; and the Oregon brigades, [121], [123]; and Douglas, [128-9]. See Aleuts and Carrier Indians.

Juan de Fuca, strait of, [12]; the search for, [17], [45], [47], [53], [56]; located by Barkley, [57].

Kamchatka, [13]; and the fur trade on the Aleutians, [31-9], [49]. See Petropavlovsk.

Kendrick, Captain John, his trading expedition to the Pacific Coast, [55], [56], [57-60].

Kootenay Indians, the, [102], [103].

La Pérouse, a French explorer on the Pacific Coast, [58].

Lewis, Meriwether, his overland expedition to the Pacific, [86], [87], [90], [108], [125].

Lewis, an Astorian, his plucky end, [111-12].

M'Dougall, Duncan, at Astoria, [108], [112].

M'Dougall, James, his explorations, [87-8].

M'Gillivray, Duncan, accompanies Thompson in exploring expedition, [102-3].

Mackay, Alexander, with Mackenzie's Pacific expedition, [73], [76], [79]; joins the Astorians, [99], [109]; massacred at Clayoquot, [110-11].

Mackay, Thomas, his Oregon brigade, [117], [119-21], [126].

Mackenzie, Sir Alexander, [53], [71-2]; his Pacific expedition, [72-3]; his journey up the Peace and Fraser, [73-82]; reaches the Pacific, [83-5], [86].

M'Loughlin, Dr John, ruler in Oregon, [116-19], [128]; his great choice and desire, [125-128]; his death, [128].

Maquinna, a Pacific Coast chief, [68], [69].

Martinez, Don Joseph, his high-handed action at Nootka, [59].

Meares, Captain John, a trader on the Pacific Coast, [57-8], [59].

Mexico, pilots of, their explorations on the Pacific Coast, [62-5].

Narvaez, his discoveries on the Pacific Coast, [62-4].

New Caledonia, [87], [89], [122-3]. See British Columbia.

Nootka, Cook at, [47]; English and American traders at, [57-58]; the Nootka Affair, [59-60], [61], [66], [68-9], [73].

'North-West America,' the first ship built on the Pacific Coast, [57].

North-West Company, the, [53], [116]; and the race for the Pacific, [71], [99-101], [113].

Ogden, Peter Skene, his Oregon brigade, [117], [119-21].

Oregon, extent of under Hudson's Bay Company jurisdiction, [116-17]; colonization in, [118]; hunting brigades of, [119-23]; acquired by United States, [124], [125]; American immigration into, [125-7].

Oregon Treaty, the, [127].

Pacific Coast, exploration of, [8], [12], [46-8], [52], [62-5], [66-8], [70], [125]; beginning of struggle for control of, [53-4].

Pacific Fur Company, the, [71]; founded, [99], [100], [109]; at Astoria, [108], [109-10], [112]; the Clayoquot tragedy, [109-112].

Pacific Ocean, 'a closed sea,' [1], [55-6], [65]; Drake's raids on Spanish treasure-ships on, [5-8]; regarding a north-east passage from, [9-10], [48-9]. See Pacific Coast.

Pelly, Sir John, governor of the Hudson's Bay Company, [129-130].

Peter the Great, his ambition to make Russia a world-power, [11-14].

Petropavlovsk, Bering's expedition leaves, [16-17]; returns to, [30-3].

Piegan Indians, the, [102], [106].

Pushkareff, his diabolical treatment of Aleuts, [38-9].

Quadra, Don Juan Francisco, [58]; represents Spain in the Nootka Conference, [68-9], [70].

Quesnel, Jules, with Fraser's expedition, [90], [104].

Rocky Mountain House, [101] and note.

Rocky Mountain Portage, [75-77], [87], [88].

Ross, Alexander, his Oregon brigade, [117], [119-21].

Russia, and the fur trade on the Aleutians, [39], [43]; her interest in the Pacific Coast, [44], [53-4], [70]. See Cossacks.

Sandwich Islands, Cook's tragic death on, [49-52].

Simpson, Sir George, governor of the Hudson's Bay Company, [124], [129-30].

Smith, Jedediah, befriended by M'Loughlin in Oregon, [125-126].

Spain, her supremacy in the South Seas and in the Pacific, [1], [12], [53-4], [55-6], [65], [74]; her treachery at Vera Cruz, [2], [55]; the Nootka Affair, [59-60], [66], [67-9]; her explorations on the Pacific Coast, [61], [62-65], [70], [74].

Steller, George W., with Bering's second expedition, [18], [21], [27], [28].

Stuart, John, with Fraser in New Caledonia, [88-90].

Thompson, David, his search for a river to the Pacific, [101-106]; his descent of the Columbia, [104-9], [112-13], [114], [125].

Thorn, Captain Jonathan, massacred at Clayoquot, [109-111].

United States, enter the struggle for the control of the Pacific, [53-5], [67], [70], [86], [124]; the Louisiana purchase, [86]; send an expedition to the Pacific Coast, [86]; the 'joint occupancy' agreement with Britain, [115-16], [125]; and Oregon, [125-8].

Valdes, Don Cayetano, explores the Pacific Coast, [64], [67-8].

Vancouver, Captain George, [46]; his exploring expedition to the Pacific Coast, [66-8], [69-70], [74], [84], [96]; represents Britain in the Nootka Conference, [68-9].

Vancouver Island, [48-9], [67-8]; colony founded on, [128-9], [130], [131].

War of 1812, and Astoria, [113].

Waxel, Lieut., with Bering's expedition, [19], [24], [25].

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