The Lives of the Fathers, Martyrs, and Other Principal Saints. January, February, March

by Alban Butler

JANUARY XXXI.

SAINT PETER NOLASCO, C.

FOUNDER OF THE ORDER OF OUR LADY FOR THE REDEMPTION OF CAPTIVES.

From Chronica Sacri et Militaris Ordinis B.M. de Mercede, per Bern. de
Vargas, ej. Ord. 2 vol. in fol. Panormi, 1622, and by John de Latomis in
12mo. in 1621, and especially the Spanish history of the same by Alonso
Roman, 2 vol. fol. at Madrid, in 1618, and the life of the saint
compiled in Italian by F. Francis Olihano, in 4to. 1668. See also
Baillet, and Hist. des Ordres Relig. par Helyot, and Hist de l'Ordre de
Notre Dame de la Merci, par les RR. Pères de la Merci, de la
Congrégation de Paris, fol. printed at Amiens, in 1685.

A.D. 1258.

PETER, of the noble family of Nolasco, in Languedoc, was born in the diocese of St. Papoul, about the year 1189. His parents were very rich, but far more illustrious for their virtue. Peter, while an infant, cried at the sight of a poor man, till something was given him to bestow on the object of his compassion. In his childhood he gave to the poor whatever he received for his own use. He was exceeding comely and beautiful; but innocence and virtue were his greatest ornaments. It was his pious custom to give a very large alms to the first poor man he met every morning, without being asked. He rose at midnight, and assisted at matins in the church, as then the more devout part of the laity used to do, together with all the clergy. At the age of fifteen he lost his father, who left him heir to a great estate: and he remained at home under the government of his pious mother, who brought him up in extraordinary sentiments and practices of virtue. Being solicited to marry, he betook himself to the serious consideration of the vanity of all earthly things; and rising one night full of those thoughts, prostrated himself in fervent prayer, which he continued till morning, most ardently devoting himself to God in the state of celibacy, and dedicating his whole patrimony to the promoting of his divine honor. He followed Simon of Montfort, general of the holy war against the Albigenses, an heretical sect, which had filled Languedoc with great cruelties, and over spread it with universal desolation. That count vanquished them, and in the battle of Muret defeated and killed Peter, king of Aragon, and took his son James prisoner, a child of six years old. The conqueror having the most tender regard and compassion for the prince his prisoner, appointed Peter Nolasco, then twenty-five years old, his tutor, and sent them both together into Spain. Peter, in the midst of the court of the king at Barcelona,[1] where the kings of Aragon resided, led the life of a recluse, practising the austerities of a cloister. He gave no part of his time to amusements, but spent all the moments which the instruction of his pupil left free, in holy prayer, meditation, and pious reading. The Moors at that time were possessed of a considerable part of Spain, and great numbers of Christians groaned under their tyranny in a miserable slavery both there and in Africa. Compassion for the poor had always been the distinguishing virtue of Peter. The sight of so many moving objects in captivity, and the consideration of the spiritual dangers to which their faith and virtue stood exposed under their Mahometan masters, touched his heart to the quick, and he soon spent his whole estate in redeeming as many as he could. Whenever he saw {315} any poor Christian slaves, he used to say: "Behold eternal treasures which never fail." By his discourses he moved others to contribute large alms towards this charity, and at last formed a project for instituting a religious order for a constant supply of men and means whereby to carry on so charitable an undertaking. This design met with great obstacles in the execution, but the Blessed Virgin, the true mother of mercy, appearing to St. Peter, the king, and St. Raymund of Pennafort, in distinct visions the same night, encouraged them to prosecute the holy scheme under the assurance of her patronage and protection. St. Raymund was the spiritual director both of St. Peter and of the king, and a zealous promoter of this charitable work. The king declared himself the protector of the Order, and assigned them a large quarter of his own palace for their abode. All things being settled for laying the foundation of it, on the feast of St. Laurence, in the year 1223, the king and St. Raymund conducted St. Peter to the church and presented him to Berengarius, the bishop of Barcelona, who received his three solemn religious vows, to which the saint added a fourth, to devote his whole substance and his very liberty, if necessary, to the ransoming of slaves; the like vow he required of all his followers. St. Raymund made an edifying discourse on the occasion, and declared from the pulpit, in the presence of this august assembly, that it had pleased Almighty God to reveal to the king, to Peter Nolasco, and to himself, his will for the institution of an Order for the redemption of the faithful, detained in bondage among the infidels. This was received by the people with the greatest acclamations of joy, happy presages of the future success of the holy institute.[2] After this discourse, St. Peter received the new habit (as Mariana and pope Clement VIII. in his bull say) from St. Raymund, who established him first general of this new Order, and drew up for it certain rules and constitutions. Two other gentlemen were professed at the same time with St. Peter. When St. Raymund went to Rome, he obtained from pope Gregory IX., in the year 1225, the confirmation of this Order, and of the rule and constitutions he had drawn up. He wrote an account of this from Rome to St. Peter, informing him how well pleased his Holiness was with the wisdom and piety of the institute. The religious chose a white habit, to put them continually in mind of innocence: they wear a scapular, which is likewise white: but the king would oblige them, for his sake, to bear the royal arms of Aragon, which are interwoven on their habit upon the breast. Their numbers increasing very fast, the saint petitioned the king for another house; who, on this occasion, built for them, in 1232, a magnificent convent at Barcelona.[3]

King James having conquered the kingdom of Valencia, founded in it several rich convents; one was in the city of Valencia, which was taken by the aid of the prayers of St. Peter, when the soldiers had despaired of {316} success, tired out by the obstinacy of the besieged and strength of the place. In thanksgiving for this victory, the king built the rich monastery in the royal palace of Uneza, near the same city, on a spot where an image of our Lady was dug up, which is still preserved in the church of this convent end is famous for pilgrimages. It is called the monastery of our Lady of mercy del Puche.[4] That prince attributed to the prayers of Saint Peter thirty great victories which he obtained over the infidels, and the entire conquest of the two kingdoms of Valencia and Murcia. St. Peter, after his religious profession, renounced all his business at court, and no entreaties of the king could ever after prevail with him to appear there but once, and this was upon a motive of charity to reconcile two powerful noblemen, who by their dissension had divided the whole kingdom, and kindled a civil war. The saint ordained that two members of the Order should be sent together among the infidels, to treat about the ransom of Christian slaves, and they are hence called Ransomers. One of the two first employed in this pious work was our saint; and the kingdom of Valencia was the first place that was blessed with his labors; the second was that of Granada. He not only comforted and ransomed a great number of captives, but by his charity and other rare virtues, was the happy instrument of inducing many of the Mahometans to embrace the faith of Christ. He made several other journeys to the coasts of Spain, besides a voyage to Algiers, where, among other sufferings, he underwent imprisonment for the faith. But the most terrifying dangers could never make him desist from his pious endeavors for the conversion of the infidels, burning with a holy desire of martyrdom. He begged earnestly of his Order to be released from the burden of his generalship: but by his tears could only obtain the grant of a vicar to assist him in the discharge of it. He employed himself in the meanest offices of his convent, and coveted above all things to have the distribution of the daily alms at the gate of the monastery: he at the same time instructed the poor in the knowledge of God and in virtue. St. Louis IX. of France wrote frequently to him, and desired much to see him. The saint waited on him in Languedoc, in the year 1243, and the king, who tenderly embraced him, requested him to accompany him in his expedition to recover the Holy Land. St. Peter earnestly desired it, but was hindered by sickness, with which he was continually afflicted during the last years of his life, the effect of his fatigues and austerities, and he bore it with incomparable patience. In 1249, he resigned the offices of Ransomer and General, which was six or seven years before his death. This happened on Christmas-day, in 1256. In his agony, he tenderly exhorted his religious to perseverance, and concluded with those words of the psalmist: Our Lord hath sent redemption to his people; he hath commanded his covenant forever.[5] He then recommended his soul to God by that charity with which Christ came from heaven to redeem us from the captivity of the devil, and melting into tears of compunction and divine love, he expired, being in the sixty-seventh year of his age. His relics are honored by many miracles. He was canonized by pope Urban VIII. His festival was appointed by Clement VIII. to be kept on the 31st of January.

* * * * *

Charity towards all mankind was a distinguishing feature in the character of the saints. This benevolent virtue so entirely possessed their hearts, that they were constantly disposed to sacrifice even their lives to the relief and assistance of others. Zealously employed in removing their temporal necessities, they labored with redoubled vigor to succor their spiritual wants, {317} by rooting out from their souls the dominion of sin, and substituting in its room the kingdom of God's grace. Ingratitude and ill-treatment, which was the return they frequently met with for their charitable endeavors, were not able to allay their ardent zeal: they considered men on these occasions as patients under the pressure of diseases, more properly the object of compassion than of resentment. They recommended them to God in their private devotions, and earnestly besought his mercy in their favor. This conduct of the saints, extraordinary as it is, ceases to appear surprising when we recollect the powerful arguments our Blessed Saviour made use of to excite us to the love of our neighbor. But how shall we justify our unfeeling hard-heartedness, that seeks every trifling pretence to exempt us from the duty of succoring the unfortunate? Have we forgot that Jesus Christ our Redeemer, who alone hath bestowed on us whatever we possess, hath made charity towards our fellow-creature, but especially towards the needy, an indispensable precept? Do we not know that he bids us consider the suffering poor as members of the same head, heirs of the same promises, as our brethren and his children who represent him on earth? He declares, that whatever we bestow upon them he will esteem it as given to himself; and pledges his sacred word that he will reward our alms with an eternity of bliss. Such motives, says St. Chrysostom, would be sufficient to touch a heart of stone: but there is something still more cogent, continues the same holy father, which is, that the same Jesus Christ, whom we refuse to nourish in the persons of the poor, feeds our souls with his precious body and blood. If such considerations move not our hearts to commiserate and assist the indigent, what share of mercy and relief can we hope for in the hour of need? Oh, incomprehensible blindness! we perhaps prepare for ourselves an eternal abyss, by those very means which, properly applied, would secure as the conquest of a kingdom which will never have an end.[6]

Footnotes:
1. A century before, the counts of Barcelona were become kings of
Aragon by a female title, and had joined Catalonia to Aragon, making
Barcelona their chief residence and capital.
2. F. Tonron, in the life of St. Raymund, p. 20, quotes an original
letter of St. Raymund, which mentions this revelation. The
authenticity of this letter cannot be called in question, being
proved by F. Bremond, Bullar. Ord. Præd. t. 1, not. in Constit. 36,
Greg. X. The same revelation is inserted in the bull of the saint's
canonization, in the Histories of Zumel, Vargas, Penia, &c. Benedict
XIV. also mentions it, Canoniz. SS. l. 1, c. 41, and proves that it
cannot reasonably be contested.
3. This Order consisted at first of some knights, who were dressed like
seculars, wearing only a scarf or scapular; and of friars who were
in holy orders, and attended the choir. The knights were to guard
the coast against the Saracens, but were obliged to choir when not
on duty. St. Peter himself was never ordained priest; and the first
seven generals or commanders were chosen out of the knights, though
the friars were always more numerous. Raymond Albert, in 1317. was
the first priest who was raised to that dignity; and the popes
Clement V., and John XXII., ordered that the general should be
always a priest after which, the knight were incorporated into other
military Orders, or were rarely renewed. It is styled, "The royal
military religious Order of our Lady of Mercy for the redemption of
Captives." It is divided into commanderies, which in Spain are very
rich. It has eight provinces in America, three in Spain, and one,
the poorest, in the southern part of France, called the province of
Guienne. Whereas this Order is not bound to many extraordinary
domestic austerities, a reformation, obliging the members to go
barefoot, was established among them in the sixteenth century, and
approved by pope Clement VIII. It observes the strictest poverty,
recollection, solitude, and abstinence, and has two provinces in
Spain, and one in Sicily, besides several nunneries. It was erected
by F. John Baptist Gonzales, or of the holy sacrament, who died in
the year 1{}18, and is said to have been honored with miracles.
4. Podoniensis.
5. Ps. cx. 9.
6. S. Chrys. Hom. in illud: Vidua eligatur, &c. t. 3, p. 397. Ed. Ben.

ST. SERAPION, M.

HE was a zealous Englishman, whom St. Peter Nolasco received into his Order at Barcelona. He made two journeys among the Moors for the ransom of captives, in 1240. The first was to Murcia, in which he purchased the liberty of ninety-eight slaves: the second to Algiers, in which he redeemed eighty-seven, but remained himself a hostage for the full payment of the money. He boldly preached Christ to the Mahometans, and baptized several: for which he was cruelly tortured, scourged, cut and mangled, at length fastened to a cross, and was thereon stabbed and quartered alive in the same year, 1240. Pope Benedict XIII. declared him a martyr, and proved his immemorial veneration in his Order, by a decree in 1728, as Benedict XIV. relates. L. 2, de Canoniz. c. 24, p. 296.

SS. CYRUS AND JOHN, MM.

CYRUS, a physician of Alexandria, who by the opportunities which his profession gave him, had converted many sick persons to the faith; and John, an Arabian, hearing that a lady called Athanasia, and her three daughters, of which the eldest was only fifteen years of age, suffered torments for the name of Christ at Canope in Egypt, went thither to encourage them. They were apprehended themselves, and cruelly beaten: their sides {318} were burnt with torches, and salt and vinegar poured into their wounds in the presence of Athanasia and her daughters, who were also tortured after them. At length the four ladies, and a few days after, Cyrus and John, were beheaded, the two latter on this day. The Syrians, Egyptians, Greeks, and Latins, honor their memory. See their acts[1] by St. Sophronius commended in the seventh general council, and published with remarks by Bollandus.

Footnotes:
1. St. Cyrus is the same as Abba-Cher, mentioned in the Coptic calendar
on this day, which is the 8th of their month Mechir. He is called
Abbacyrus in the life of St. John the Almoner, written by Leontius,
in many ancient Martyrologies, and other monuments of antiquity.
Abbacyrus is a Chaldaic word, signifying the Father Cyr. As this
saint was an Egyptian, it is probable he was originally called
Pa-Cher, or Pa-Cyrus, the Egyptians having been accustomed to prefix
the article Pa to the names of men, as we see in Pa-chomis,
Pa-phantis, Pa-phantis, &c.

It is said in the acts of our two martyrs, that they were buried at Canopus, twelve furlongs from Alexandria, and that their relics were afterwards translated to Manutha, a village near Canopus, which was celebrated for a great number of miracles wrought there. These relies are now in a church at Rome called Sant' Apassara: this word being corrupted by the Italians from Abbacyrus. Formerly there were many churches in that city dedicated under the invocation of these two holy martyrs. See Chatelain, notes on the Rom. Mart, p. 469, et seq.

ST. MARCELLA, WIDOW.

SHE IS styled by St. Jerom the glory of the Roman ladies. Having lost her husband in the seventh month of her marriage, she rejected the suit of Cerealis the consul, uncle of Gallus Cæsar, and resolved to imitate the lives of the ascetics of the East. She abstained from wine and flesh, employed all her time in pious reading, prayer, and visiting the churches of the apostles and martyrs, and never spoke with any man alone. Her example was followed by many virgins of the first quality, who put themselves under her direction, and Rome was in a short time filled with monasteries. We have eleven letters of St. Jerom to her in answer to her religious queries. The Goths under Alaric plundered Rome in 410. St. Marcella was scourged by them for the treasures which she had long before distributed among the poor. All that time she trembled only for her dear spiritual pupil, Principia (not her daughter, as some have reputed her by mistake,) and falling at the feet of the cruel soldiers, she begged, with many tears, that they would offer her no insult. God moved them to compassion. They conducted them both to the church of St. Paul, to which Alaric had granted the right of sanctuary with that of St. Peter. St. Marcella, who survived this but a short time, which she spent in tears, prayers, and thanksgiving, closed her eyes by a happy death, in the arms of St. Principia, about the end of August, in 410, but her name occurs in the Roman Martyrology on the 31st of January. See St. Jerom, Ep. 96, ol. 16, ad Principiam, t. 4, p. 778. Ed. Ben. Baronius ad ann. 410, and Bollandus, t. 2, p. 1105.

ST. MAIDOC, OR MAODHOG,

CALLED ALSO AIDAN AND MOGUE, BISHOP OF FERNS, IN IRELAND.

HE was born in Connaught, a province of Ireland, and seemed from his infancy to be deeply impressed with the fear of God. He passed in his early days into Wales, where he lived for a considerable time under the direction of the holy abbot David. He returned afterwards to his own country, accompanied with several monks of eminent piety, founded a great number of churches and monasteries, and was made bishop of Ferns. He {319} died in 632, according to Usher. His name is celebrated among the Irish saints. It appears from Cambrensis that his festival was observed in Wales in the twelfth century. He was also honored in Scotland.[1] See Colgan, Jan. 31, pp. 208, 223. Chatelain, notes, p. 481.

Footnotes:
1. There is found in the chronicle of Scone, and in the Breviary of
Aberdeen, an ancient collect, in which the Divine mercy is implored
through his intercession. Chatelain tells us that in Lower Brittany
he is called St. De, (contracted from the Latin word Aideus, or
Aidanus,) and that the village and church which bear his name,
celebrate his festival on the 18th of March, the day perhaps on
which they received some portion of his relics.

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Only Complete and Unabridged Edition with nearly 100 pages of Chronological and General Index, Alphabetical and Centenary Table, etc.

THE
LIVES
OF
THE FATHERS, MARTYRS,
AND OTHER
PRINCIPAL SAINTS;
COMPILED FROM
ORIGINAL MONUMENTS, AND OTHER AUTHENTIC RECORDS;
ILLUSTRATED WITH THE
REMARKS OF JUDICIOUS MODERN CRITICS AND HISTORIANS,
BY THE REV. ALBAN BUTLER.
With the approbation of
MOST REV. M. A. CORRIGAN, D.D.,
Archbishop of New York.

VOL. II.

NEW YORK: P.J. KENEDY, PUBLISHER TO THE HOLY SEE, EXCELSIOR CATHOLIC PUBLISHING HOUSE, 5 BARCLAY STREET. 1903.

{322 blank page} {323} /* CONTENTS. FEBRUARY.

1. PAGE
St. IGNATIUS, Bishop of Antioch, Martyr…….. 325
St. Pionius, Priest and Martyr…………….. 333
St. Bridget, Virgin and Abbess, Patroness of
Ireland……………………………….. 334
St Kinnia, Virgin, of Ireland……………… 334
St. Sigebert, King of Austrasia, Confessor….. 337

2.
The Purification of the Blessed Virgin Mary…. 337
St. Laurence, Archbishop of Canterbury……… 342

3.
St Blaze, Bishop and Martyr……………….. 343
St. Anscharius, Archbishop of Hamburgh and
Bremen, Confessor………………………. 344
St. Wereburge, Virgin and Abbess, in England,
Patroness of Chester……………………. 345
St. Margaret, Virgin in England……………. 348

4.
St. Andrew Corsini, Bishop and Confessor……. 349
St. Phileas and Philoromus, Bishop of Thmuis,
Martyrs……………………………….. 351
St. Gilbert, Abbot, Founder of the Gilbertins.. 353
St. Jean, or Joan, of Valois, Queen of France.. 353
St. Isidore of Pelusium, Priest……………. 354
St Rembert, Archbishop of Bremen, Confessor…. 355
St. Modan, Abbot in Scotland, Confessor…….. 355
St. Joseph of Leonissa, Confessor………….. 356

5.
St. Agatha, Virgin and Martyr……………… 357
The Martyrs of Japan……………………… 359
Appendix to the Martyrs of China…………… 362
SS. Martyrs of Pontus, under Dioclesian…….. 366
St. Avitus, Archbishop of Vienne, Confessor…. 366
St. Alice, or Adelaide, Virgin and Abbess…… 366
St. Abraamius, Bishop of Arbela, Martyr…….. 367

6.
St. Dorothy, Virgin and Martyr…………….. 367
St. Vedast, Bishop of Arras, Confessor……… 368
St. Amandus, Bishop and Confessor………….. 369
St. Barsanuphius, Anchoret………………… 370

7.
St. Romuald, Abbot and Confessor, Founder of
the Order of Camaldoli………………….. 370
St. Richard, King in England, and Confessor…. 377
St. Theodorus, of Heraclea, Martyr…………. 377
St. Tresain, or Tresanus, Priest and Confessor. 378
St. Augulus, Bishop in England, and Martyr….. 379

8.
St. John of Matha, Confessor, Founder of the
Order of Trinitarians…………………… 379
St. Stephen of Grandmont, Abbot……………. 382
Appendix to the Life of St. Stephen………… 384
St. Paul, Bishop of Verdun, Confessor………. 384
St. Cuthman, in England, Confessor…………. 385

9.
St. Apollonia, Virgin and Martyr…………… 388
St. Nicephorus, Martyr……………………. 388
St. Theliau, Bishop in England, and Confessor.. 489
St. Ansbert, Archbishop of Rouen in 695,
Confessor……………………………… 390
St. Attracta, or Tarahata, Virgin, in Ireland.. 390
St. Erhard, Abbot and Confessor, native of
Scotland………………………………. 390

10.
St. Scholastica, Virgin…………………… 391
St. Soteris, Virgin and Martyr…………….. 393
St. William of Maleval, Hermit, and Institutor
of the Order of Gulielmites……………… 393
St. Erlulph, Bishop and Martyr, native of
Scotland………………………………. 305

11.
SS. Saturninus, Dativus, and others, Martyrs of
Africa………………………………… 395
St. Severinus, Abbot of Agaunum……………. 397
St. Theodora, Empress…………………….. 398

12.
St. Benedict of Anian, Abbot………………. 398
St. Meletius, Patriarch of Antioch, Confessor.. 401
St. Eulalia, Virgin, of Barcelona, Martyr…… 405
St. Antony Cauleas, Patriarch of
Constantinople, Confessor……………….. 405

13.
St. Catharine de Ricci, Virgin…………….. 406
St. Licinius, Bishop of Angers, Confessor…… 408
St. Polyeuctus, Martyr……………………. 409
St. Gregory II., Pope and Confessor………… 410
St. Martinianus, Hermit at Athens………….. 412
St. Modomnoc, or Dominick, of Ossory, Bishop
and Confessor………………………….. 413
St. Stephen, Abbot……………………….. 413
B. Roger, Abbot and Confessor……………… 413

14.
St. Valentine, Priest and Martyr…………… 413
St. Maro, Abbot………………………….. 414
St. Abraames, Bishop of Carres…………….. 415
St. Auxentius, Hermit…………………….. 415
St. Conran, Bishop of Orkney, Confessor…….. 416

15.
SS. Faustinus and Jovita, Martyrs………….. 416
St. Sigefride, or Sigfrid, Bishop. Apostle of
Sweden………………………………… 417

16.
St. Onesimus, Disciple of St. Paul…………. 418
SS. Elias, Jeremy, Isaias, Samuel, Daniel, and
other Holy Martyrs at Cæsarea, in Palestine. 419
St. Juliana, Virgin and Martyr…………….. 420
St. Gregory X., Pope and Confessor…………. 420
St. Tanco, or Tatta, Bishop and Martyr, native
of Scotland……………………………. 422

{324}

17.
St. Flavian, Archbishop of Constantinople,
Martyr………………………………… 422
SS. Theodulus and Julian, Martyrs………….. 425
St. Silvin of Auchy, Bishop and Confessor…… 426
St. Loman, or Luman, Bishop in Ireland,
Confessor……………………………… 426
St. Fintan, Abbot of Cluian-Ednech, in Ireland. 427

18.
St. Simeon, Bishop of Jerusalem, Martyr…….. 427
SS. Leo and Paregorius, Martyrs……………. 429

19.
St. Barbatus, or Barbas, Bishop of Benevento,
Confessor……………………………… 431

20.
SS. Tyrannio, Bishop of Tyre, Zenobius, and
other Martyrs in Phoenicia………………. 433
St. Sadoth, Bishop of Seleucia and Ctesiphon,
with 128 Companions, Martyrs…………….. 434
St. Eleutherius, Bishop of Tourney, Martyr….. 436
St. Mildred, Virgin and Abbess…………….. 436
St. Eucherius, Bishop of Orleans, Confessor…. 437
St. Ulrick, Recluse in England…………….. 438

21.
St. Severianus, Bishop of Scythopolis, Martyr.. 439
SS. German, Abbot of Granfel, and Randaut,
Martyrs……………………………….. 440
SS. Daniel, Priest, and Verde, Virgin, Martyrs. 441
B. Pepin of Landen, Mayor of the Palace…….. 441

22.
The Chair of St. Peter, at Antioch…………. 442
St. Margaret of Cortona, Penitent………….. 443
SS. Thalassius and Limneus, Confessors……… 444
St. Baradat, Confessor……………………. 444

23.
St. Serenas, a Gardener, Martyr……………. 445
St. Milburge, Virgin in England……………. 447
St. Dositheus, Monk………………………. 447
B. Peter Damian, Cardinal, Bishop of Ostia….. 448
St. Boisil, Prior of Melross, Confessor…….. 431

24.
St. Matthias, Apostle…………………….. 453
SS. Montanus, Lucius, Flavian, Julian,
Victoricus, Primolus, Rhenus, and Donatian,
Martyrs at Carthage…………………….. 453
St. Lethard, Bishop of Senlis, Confessor……. 459
B. Robert, of Arbrissel, Priest……………. 459
St. Pretextatus, or Prix, Archbishop of Rouen,
Martyr………………………………… 460
St. Ethelbert, Confessor, First Christian King
among the English………………………. 462

25.
St. Tarasius, Patriarch of Constantinople,
Confessor……………………………… 463
St. Victorinus, and Six Companions, Martyrs…. 468
St. Walburge, Abbess in England……………. 469
St. Cæsarius, Physician, Confessor…………. 470
St. Alexander, Patriarch of Alexandria,
Confessor……………………………… 470
St. Porphyrius, Bishop of Gaza, Confessor…… 473
St. Victor, or Vittre, of Arcis in Champagne,
Anchoret and Confessor………………….. 477

26.
St. Leander, Bishop of Seville, Confessor…… 478
SS. Julian, Chronion, and Besas, Martyrs …… 480
St. Thalilæus, a Cilician, Recluse in Syria…. 481
St. Galmier, of Lyons…………………….. 481
St. Nestor, Bishop and Martyr……………… 481
St. Alnoth, Anchoret and Martyr……………. 482

28.
Martyrs who died in the Great Pestilence in
Alexandria…………………………….. 482
St. Proterius, Patriarch of Alexandria, Martyr. 482
SS. Romanus and Lupicinus, Abbots………….. 484

29.
St. Oswald, Bishop of Worcester, and
Archbishop of York……………………… 484
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