Salt and the salt industry

by Albert Frederick Calvert

INDEX

• Agricola (Georgius) on salt-making, [15], [18], [56]
• America, salt-making in, [127–135]
• —, vacuum system in, [135]
• Brine, battle of the, [121]
• —, composition of, [7]
• —, economy in production of, by Furnival, [78]
• —, evaporation of, [3]
• —, Dr. Jackson on the process, [56–60]
• —, old reservoirs of, [104]
• —, output at Northwich, [53]
• —, treatment of, in early days, [40]
• Brine-making, methods of Dr. Jackson, Rastel, Lowndes, Brownrigg, Chrysel, Furnival, Holland, [56–73]
• Brine-tapping, improved process described, [106], [107]
• Camden’s Britannia, derivation of suffix “wich,” [32]
• —, supply and treatment of brine described, [40], [42]
• Chambers’s Journal, a subsidence described, [113], [114]
• Cheshire, the “wiches” of, [32], [34]
• —, extent of deposits in, [83–96]
• Chrysel, persecution of, [71]
• Domesday Book, references to salt works in Cheshire, rules governing the trade, [34–37]
• Droitwich, salt-making there, A.D. 816, [33]
• Furnival, Wm., introduces steam heat, [76]
• —, economy in production by; alarm of salt proprietors, [78]
• —, persecution of, a victim to Cheshire salt proprietors, [76–82]
• —, his patents, [77];
• —, his end, [82]
• Hodgkinson (Jas.), his system, [76], [138–141]
• Holland (Philemon), [32]
• Holland (Sir Thos.), his eulogy of the Hodgkinson process, [141]
• Jackson, (Dr. W.), [56]
• Johnson (Geo.), account of treatment of brine by, [42], [43]
• King’s Vale Royal, particulars relating to Cheshire salt districts, [43], [44]
• Lakes, or “Flashes,” [103], [104], [112], [113]
• Lowndes (Thos.), improved method of brine-making by, [62], [65]
• —, persecution of, [71]
• Marbury, discovery of salt at, in 1670, [97]
• Marbury Pipe, [54], [122], [123]
• Martindale (Adam), Communication to Royal Soc., [97]
• Mendeléeff, on crystallization, [5]
• Middlewich owners and number of salt-houses at, [51]
• —, output at, [54]
• Nantwich owners and number of salt-houses at; decline of industry at, [51], [53]
• Nevada, rock-salt at, [3]
• New York, salt-springs in; methods employed there, [127]
• Northwich, Adelaide Marston mine, [98]
• —, earliest manufacture in England, [32]
• —, output of brine at, [53]
• —, the “Walling Booke” of, [48]
• Ormerod, on the origin of the salt field of Cheshire, [84], [85]
• Rainfalls, cycles of, affecting salt deposits, [91]
• Rastel (Dr. Thos.), method of evaporation of brine at Droitwich, [60–62]
• Rock-salt, purest in Hungary, [1];
• rarely found pure, ib.
• Rock-salt Mining—a dead industry; method of working, [101–103]
• Royal Society, Phil. Trans., [56], [60]
• Rumania, deposits in, [20], [26]
• —, estimated reserves and annual output, [28]
• Salt, Adelaide Marston mine, [98]
• —, ancient orders concerning, [44–48]
• —, beginnings of the industry, [8], [9], [10]
• —, chemistry and properties of, [1]
• —, Chinese methods of making, [11]
• —, colour of, [2]
• —, convict labour, [20]
• —, crystals in, [4]
• —, decline of industry at Nantwich, [52], [53]
• —, depth and thickness of deposit at Northwich, [90]
• —, discovery of, at Marbury in 1670, [97]
• —, Domesday Book—reference to salt in A.D. 1084, [33]
• —, earliest manufacture in England, [32]
• —, effect upon sea-water, [2]
• —, experiments for removal of impurities in, [30], [31]
• —, formation and extent of Cheshire deposits, [83–96]
• —, importation of, [38]
• —, Italian method of making, [12]
• —, Japanese methods of making, [12]
• —, lectures on, by Ward (Thos.), [126]
• —, Mendeléeff on, [6]
• —, method of working top and bottom beds, [100]
• —, name first given, [1]
• —, Portuguese and Spanish method of making, [14]
• —, preservative property of, [6], [9]
• —, Rastel’s account of clarifying, [61], [62]
• —, solubility of, [2]
• —, symbol of sanctity, [9]
• —, theories respecting deposits, [85–90]
• —, Prof. Thompson’s calculations, [92–96]
• —, value in agriculture, [6]
• Salt-beds, area of Cheshire, [92]
• “Salt-licks,” [8]
• Salt-makers, conservatism of, [18]
• Salt-making, methods of, [125–129]
• —, methods employed in America, [127], [135]
• —, processes of, [127]
• —, vacuum system, [135], et seqq.
• Salt-Market, the, [142–147]
• —, mines, collapse of, various dates, [103], [107], [108]
• Salt-pans, recovery of old, [39]
• Salt-trade, competition in, [144], [145]
• Salt Union, [54]
• — —, alleged rights of, [123], [124]
• — —, “Battle of the Brine,” [121]
• — —, brine carrying by, [122], [123]
• — —, large capital of, [145]
• — —, newspaper comments, [146–147]
• — —, opposition to new processes by, [142]
• — —, Wharton Works, [79–81]
• Subsidences, [97–123]
• —, causes of, [108–112]
• —, described 113
• —, damage to property, [115], [116]
• —, Compensation Bill, [120], [121]
• —, legal aspects of, [117–121]
• —, resentment of townspeople, [117]
• —, pumpers responsible for, [117]
• Thompson (Prof. Jas.), his calculations, [92–96]
• “Wallers,” derivation of name, [40]
• “Walling Booke of Northwich” (Harleian MS. in British Museum containing earliest list of “wich-houses” and their owners), [48], [50], [51]
• Ward (Thos.), lecturer on salt, [126]
• “Wich,” derivation of the name, [33]
• Wieliezka rock-salt at, [1]
• —, works at, [20–26]
• Winsford, output at, [53], [55]

THE END

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