CONTENTS

PART I. ANCIENT MEDICINE
PAGE
Preface[ix]
Chapter I.Development of the Science and Art of Medicine[3]
Chapter II.Oriental Medicine[11]
Chapter III.Oriental Medicine (continued)[25]
Chapter IV.Greek Medicine at the Dawn of History[46]
Chapter V.The Significance of the Serpent in the Statues and Votive Offerings Exposed to View inthe Aesculapian Temples[62]
Chapter VI.The Beginnings of a Rational System of Medicine in Greece[67]
Chapter VII.Hippocrates the Great[81]
Chapter VIII.Brief Extracts from Some of the Hippocratic Writings[89]
Chapter IX.The State of Greek Medicine after the Events of the Peloponnesian War; the Founding ofAlexandria in Egypt, at the Mouth of the Nile; and the Development of Different Sects in Medicine[96]
Chapter X.Erasistratus and Herophilus, the Two GreatLeaders in Medicine at Alexandria; the Foundingof New Sects[104]
Chapter XI.Asclepiades, the Introducer of Greek Medicine into Rome[116]
Chapter XII.The State of Medicine at Rome after theDeath of Asclepiades; the Founding of the Schoolof the Methodists[129]
Chapter XIII.The Further History of Methodism atRome, and the Development of Two New Sects, viz.,the Pneumatists and the Eclectics.—A General Surveyof the Subject of Sects in Medicine[138]
Chapter XIV.Well-known Medical Authors of the Early Centuries of the Christian Era[151]
Chapter XV.Claudius Galen[160]
Chapter XVI.The Influence of Christianity upon theEvolution of Medicine[179]
PART II. MEDIAEVAL MEDICINE
Chapter XVII.The Condition of Medicine at Byzantiumduring the Early Part of the Middle Ages[191]
Chapter XVIII.Beginning of the Arab Renaissance underthe Caliphs of Bagdad[203]
Chapter XIX.Further Advance of the Arab Renaissanceduring the Ninth and Succeeding Centuries of theChristian Era[212]
Chapter XX.Hospitals and Monasteries in the Middle Ages[235]
Chapter XXI.Medical Instruction at Salerno, Italy, in the Middle Ages[243]
Chapter XXII.Early Evidences of the Influence of theRenaissance upon the Progress of Medicine in WesternEurope[259]
Chapter XXIII.Further Progress of Medicine and Surgeryin Western Europe during the Thirteenth,Fourteenth and a Part of the Fifteenth Centuries[269]
Chapter XXIV.During the Latter Half of the MiddleAges Surgery Assumes the Most Prominent Placein the Advance of Medical Science[292]
Chapter XXV.Brief History of the Allied Sciences—Pharmacy,Chemistry and Balneotherapeutics[315]
PART III. MEDICINE DURING THE RENAISSANCE
Chapter XXVI.Important Events that Preceded theRenaissance—Early Attempts to Dissect the Human Body[327]
Chapter XXVII.The Founders of Human Anatomy and Physiology[340]
Chapter XXVIII.Further Details Concerning the Advancein Our Knowledge of Anatomy.—DissectingMade a Part of the Regular Training of a MedicalStudent.—Iatrochemists and Iatrophysicists.—TheEmployment of Latin in Lecturing and Writing onMedical Topics[355]
Chapter XXIX.The Contributions Made by DifferentMen during the Renaissance, and More particularlyby William Harvey of England, to Our Knowledgeof the Circulation of the Blood, Lymph and Chyle[371]
Chapter XXX.Advances Made in Internal Medicine andin the Collateral Branches of Botany, Pharmacology,Chemistry and Pathological Anatomy[387]
Chapter XXXI.Chemistry and Experimental Pharmacology[398]
Chapter XXXII.Some of the Leaders in Medicine inItaly, France and England during the Sixteenth andSeventeenth Centuries[411]
Chapter XXXIII.The Three Leading Physicians of Germanyduring the Latter Half of the Seventeenth Century:Franz de le Boë Sylvius, Friedrich Hoffmannand Georg Ernst Stahl[426]
Chapter XXXIV.Hermann Boerhaave of Leyden, Holland,one of the Most Distinguished Physicians ofthe Seventeenth Century[438]
Chapter XXXV.General Remarks on the Development ofSurgery in Europe during the Fifteenth and SixteenthCenturies[446]
Chapter XXXVI.Surgery in Germany and Switzerlandduring the Fifteenth and Sixteenth Centuries[454]
Chapter XXXVII.The Development of Surgery in Italyduring the Renaissance[472]
Chapter XXXVIII.The Development of Surgery inSpain and Portugal during the Renaissance[484]
Chapter XXXIX.The Development of Surgery in Franceduring the Renaissance.—Pierre Franco[490]
Chapter XL.The Development of Surgery in France (continued).—Ambroise Paré[499]
Chapter XLI.Surgery in Great Britain during the Sixteenthand Seventeenth Centuries[516]
Chapter XLII.Reforms Instituted by the Italian SurgeonMagati in the Treatment of Wounds.—Final Endingof the Feud between the Surgeons and the Physiciansof Paris.—Revival of Interest in the Science ofObstetrics[529]
Chapter XLIII.The First Appearance of Syphilis inEurope as an Epidemic Disease.—Medical Journalism.—TheBeginnings of a Modern Pharmacopoeia.—ItinerantLithotomists[542]
List of the More Important Authorities Consulted[557]
General Index[563]