GENERAL INDEX

Abdomen, penetrating wounds of, [469]
Abella, teacher of medicine at Salerno, [245]
Abou Bekr, distinguished Arab physician in Spain, [232]
Abou Sahl el Messihy, distinguished Persian physician, [223]
Abscess, mediastinal, [229]
Abulcasis, famous Arab surgeon, [226]
Abulpharagius, [184]
Académie de Chirurgie, Paris (1731), [450]
Académie des Curieux da la Nature, [364]
Académie des Sciences, [363]
Accademia dei Lincei, Rome, [364]
Accademia del Cimento, Florence, [364]
Acrabadin Kebir, [209]
Acupressure, [143]
Adams, Frederick, [89]
Aegidius Corboliensis, [255]
Aeneas, wounded in groin, [49]
Aesculapius, [47], [49]
symbol of, [315]
temple of, at Cos, [514]
Aëtius, [194], [318]
Afflacius, John, [245], [248]
Agathinus, [142]
Agrate, Marco, [339]
Aigle, daughter of Aesculapius, [50]
Alae nasi, Galen’s comments on movements of, [173]
Albert von Bollstedt (Albertus Magnus), [269]
Alcmaeon, [73], [79]
Alderotti, Thaddeus, [272]
Alexander of Tralles, [195]
Alexander Philalethes, [115]
Alexander the Great, [100]
Alexandria, Egypt, [100], [116]
Alhazen, researches in optics, [233]
Alkaloids (quintessences of Paracelsus), [405]
Almansur, Caliph of Bagdad, [184], [203]
Almenar, Juan, [544]
Alphanus II., Abbot of Monte Cassino, [239]
Alsaharavius, [227]
Alu, [13]
Amatus Lusitanus, [484], [487]
Ambrosia, antidote for poisons, [112]
Amputation of leg (Fig.), [463]
Amrou, [116], [185]
Amulets and other magical remedies, [197]
Anaesthesia, Surgical, from employment of soporific sponges, [253], [462]
Anatomical demonstrations at Salerno, [253]
Anatomical specimens, preservation of, [356]
Anatomy and physiology, important discoveries during 16th century, [353]
Anatomy, importance of study of, [312]
Anatomy, microscopic, [360]
Anaximander, [72]
Anaximenes, [72]
Andreas of Carystus, [114]
Animism, [405], [432]
Antidotarium, early name for pharmacopoeia, [319]
Antidotarium Nicolai, [548]
Antimony, curative action of, [158], [548]
Antiochus, cured by Erasistratus, [106]
Antoninus Pius, [57]
Antrum of Highmore, [359]
Antyllus, [143], [201]
Apes, dissection of, [164]
Apollo, the god of medicine, [18], [50]
Apollonius Mus, [111]
Apothecary, [316], [319]
Apparatus magnus (operation for stone in the bladder), [474]
Apuleius, Lucius, [120], [126]
Aqua vitae, how prepared, [313]
Arabian physicians, dogmatism of, [412]
Arab renaissance, [203], [217], [233], [259]
Arantian operation, a substitute for Tagliacotian operation, [481]
Aranzio or Arantius, [349], [481]
Arceo, Francisco, [484], [486]
Archaeus influus and Archaeus insitus, [399]
Archagathus, [119]
Archigenes, [142], [174]
on ligation of larger blood-vessels before amputation of a limb, [470]
Archimathaeus, [248]
Arderne, John, [307]
Aretaeus, [144]
Aristophanes, [58]
Aristotle, [73], [102], [433]
commentary by Averroes, [229]
Arnold, of Villanova, [292–296]
Arrow, extraction of, from chest during battle (Fig.), [461]
Ars parva, of Galen, [248]
Arteries, ligaturing of divided, after an amputation, [289]
Arteriotomy, for relief of hemicrania, [470]
Artery forceps devised by Ambroise Paré, [512]
Asakku, the demon who produces fever in the head, [13]
Asclepiades, founder of a new sect at Rome, [116], [119], [122]
Asclepieia, [50], [52], [57]
Asclepieion at Cos (Figs.), [53]
at Epidaurus, [52]
Aselli, Caspar, [385]
Assyrian medicine, [11]
Astringents, [133]
Astrologer, a typical, [12]
Astrologers in Babylonia, [14]
Astruc, Jean, [548]
Athenaeus, founder of sect of Pneumatists, [141]
Athens, a great medical centre, [96]
epidemic of the Plague at, [96]
Athletic exercises as a therapeutic measure, [69]
Athotis, [17]
Augustus, Roman Emperor, cured of gout by hydrotherapy, [129]
Auricles of the heart, comments on, by H. de Mondeville, [290]
Auscultation of the chest, [20], [159]
Austrichildis, King Guntram’s wife, [240], [241]
Authors, numerous in Cordova in 12th century, [232]
Averroes, pupil of Avenzoar, [229]
Averroism, [267]
Avenzoar, [228]
Avicenna, [221]

Babylonia, genuine remedial agents employed in, [13]
Babylonian astrologers, [14]
Babylonians, strange beliefs held by, in regard to human anatomy and physiology, [13]
Bacon, Francis, [338]
Bacon, Roger, [271]
Bacteriology, first studies in, [362]
Bagdad, a second great hospital founded at, in A. D. 914, [219]
Bain, Christopher, [396]
Bakhtichou ben Djordis, [205], [207]
Bakhtichou, George, [205]
Barbaric Latin, [262]
Barbers, the earliest surgeons in France, [530]
Barbers and Barber-Surgeons, [282], [369], [449], [464]
Barber-Surgeons’ Company, of London, [519]
Bartholomaeus, [245]
Baseilhac, Jean, [552]
Baseilhac, Pascal, [496]
Basel, public dissection of human body at, [455]
visited by Vesalius in 1542, [455]
Baths extensively used by ancients, [157], [323]
Baudelocque, [539]
Bede, The Venerable, believed in cures by supernatural means, [241]
Belladonna, when first used for dilating the pupils, [157]
Benedictine monastery on Monte Cassino, [238]
Beniveni, Antonio, [389], [498]
Benvenuto Cellini, [341]
Berendes, [159], [317], [322], [426]
Berengarius of Carpi, [342], [374]
Bernardo di Rapallo, [472]
Bertharius, abbot of Monte Cassino, [239]
Berthelot, on Geber, [320]
Bertrucius, [310]
Bile, black and yellow, [86]
manner of production, [109]
Bladder, tuberculous ulceration of, [200]
Blancaard, Stephen, [359]
Blood, inflammation of (Sydenham), [423]
production of, according to Erasistratus, [109]
spirituous, [373]
transfusion of, [408]
Bloodletting, comments on, by Celsus, [152]
from a vein, technique, [152]
how practice first originated, [6]
rule of Hippocrates regarding, [411]
under what circumstances advisable, [133]
Blood-vessels, Capillary, circulation in, [383]
when first injected artificially, [356], [359]
Boerhaave, Hermann, [144], [438], [441]
gives clinical instruction at Leyden, [430]
treatise on chemistry the standard for many years, [440]
Boiling of drinking water practiced by ancient Persians, [26]
Bologna Medical School, [272], [281], [332]
Boniface VIII., Pope, successfully treated for stone in the bladder, [293]
Books, great demand for, in 15th century, [329]
Borelli, Alphonso, [368]
Botallo, Leonardo, [413]
Botanical gardens, [17], [392], [393]
Bougies, urethral, [495]
Bourgeois, Louise, [536]
Boyle, Robert, a distinguished chemist, [406]
Branca, father and son, skilled in rhinoplasty, [459]
Brassavola, experimental pharmacologist, [398]
Breviarium, Arnold’s, [294]
Briggs, William, [545]
Brissot, Pierre, [411]
Bronze surgical knives, [16]
Browne, Andrew, the friend of Sydenham, [422], [424]
Brunner, Johann Conrad, [359]
Brunschwig, Hieronymus, [456]
Brunus, [277]
Bullets not hot when they enter the flesh, [513]
Burinna, name of spring on the Island of Cos, [54]
Byzantium, the new capital of the Roman Empire, [180]

Cabanès, [402]
Cacao, [395]
Caelius Aurelianus, [132], [159]
Caesar, Julius, liberality of, toward foreign physicians settled in Rome, [119]
Caesalpinus, Andreas, [372], [375], [394]
Caesarian section, [396], [534]
Cairo physicians distinguished ophthalmologists, [225]
Calcar, Vesalius’ draughtsman, [344]
Calculus in the bladder may not be dissolved by internal remedies, [498]
Callidum innatum of Hippocrates, [415]
Calvin, John, visited by Felix Platter, [335]
Cancer of breast, sculptured in marble (Fig.), [68]
Cancer, ulcerated, not to be cauterized, [285]
Cannani, [378]
Canon, the, of Avicenna, [222]
Capsicum, [395]
Caraka, East Indian medical author, [31]
Carbonic acid, nature of, expounded by Van Helmont, [400]
Carbonous oxide, [434]
Carcano Leone, [475], [476]
Case histories recorded on tablets, [67]
Cassiodorus, [238]
Castor oil, perfected by Apollonius Mus, [111]
Cataract operations of Pierre Franco, [494]
Cato, Marcus Porcius, [117], [235]
Caustics, too freely used as haemostatics, [466]
Cauterization of ulcerated cancer not approved by Lanfranchi, [285]
Cauterizing instruments, [279]
Celsus, Aulus Cornelius, [150], [151], [155]
Cerebral nerves, crossing of, in relation to paralysis of one side of the body, [144]
Cermisone, Antonio, [313]
Chamberlen, Hugh, [538]
Chaldean doctrine of numbers, [74]
Charcoal, fumes of burning, [435]
Chaucer’s account of a clever physician, [308]
Chemical element defined, [407]
Chemistry in ancient Egypt, [17]
modern, developed gradually from alchemy, [320]
Chicory an effective remedy in abdominal diseases, [109]
Chinese conceptions concerning human physiology, [41]
Chinese medicine, [38], [39]
Chiron, [48]
Christianity, influence of, upon evolution of medicine, [179]
Chrysippus, [141]
Chyle, distribution of, after it leaves the stomach, [109]
Chyle ducts, discovery of, [385]
Cicero’s interpretation of the expression “gods” as employed by the ancients, [18]
Cinchona, discovery of, [408]
Circa instans, the title commonly given to treatise of Matthew Platearius, [253]
Circulation of blood, Galen’s physiology of, [373]
de Mondeville’s comments, [289]
Citizenship, rights of, bestowed by Julius Caesar on all foreign physicians practicing in Rome, [119], [130]
Civitas Hippocratica, [243]
Claudius, Roman Emperor, merciful action of, toward slaves, [235]
Clemens, of Alexandria, Egypt, [17]
Clement IV., Pope, protects Roger Bacon, [272]
Clement V., Pope, removes papal seat from Rome to Avignon, [293]
Clinical instruction at Leyden Hospital, [429]
Clowes, William, [519]
Cnidian school of medicine, [81]
Cnidus, in Caria, Asia Minor, [51]
Coca, [395]
Cold, exposure to, unusual treatment of, [489]
College of Physicians, London, [417]
College of Saint Cosmas, Paris, [283], [284], [448]
Colliget, title of treatise written by Averroes, [229]
Colot, Laurent, famous French lithotomist, [474]
Columbus, Realdus, [349]
experiments relating to physiology of heart, [377]
Côme, Frère, [550]
Communities, term employed by the Methodists for designating the two conditions “laxum” and “strictum,” [130]
Compendium aromatariorum, the first modern treatise on materia medica, [320]
Compendium Salernitanum, [246]
Conciliator, title of one of Pietro d’Abano’s great works, [266], [267]
Constantinople, taking of, by the Turks, an important aid to the advance of medicine, [328]
Constantinus the African, [239], [248], [260]
Contagion, innate, [220]
Contagious diseases, Fracastoro’s classification of, [390]
Continens, title of Rhazes’ great work, [220], [262]
Contraria contrariis, principle of, in therapeutics, [132]
Cosmas and Damian, [282], [449]
Copaiva, Balsam of, [395]
Cophon, teacher of medicine at Salerno, [245]
Cordova, Spain, centre of great intellectual activity, [218], [232]
Corpse, the touching of a, believed by the Persians to produce a special contamination, [25]
Cos, Island of (Figs.), [53]
Costa ben Luca, [215], [216]
Costanza Calenda, [245]
Cowper, William, [360]
Croke, A., [250]
Cronos, [19]
Crotona, Italy, [51]
Cullen, William, [432]
Curtis, John G., [72], [140]
Cyrene, in Lybia, Africa, [51]
Cystotomy, hypogastric, [495]

Damascus, an active medical centre in the 13th century, [225], [232]
Daremberg, [50], [75], [240], [420]
Darius I., King of the Persians, [26], [75]
David’s harp-playing, effect of, on King Saul’s melancholia, [27]
Da Vinci, Leonardo, [339]
Daza Chacon, [484]
De le Boë, Franz, [427]
De Marchettis, Domenico, [359]
Demetrius, of Apamea, [114]
Democedes, [73], [75]
Democritus, [82]
Demosthenes, of Marseilles, [115]
Denys, of Paris, [408]
Desiderius, Abbot of Monte Cassino, [239]
Dezeimeris, [341], [400]
Dietetics of pregnant women, [199]
Dieting and athletic exercises, [69]
Dietz, Reinhold, discoverer of an early Greek manuscript of Soranus, [138]
Digestion, physiology of, according to Erasistratus, [108]
according to Aretaeus, [144]
Diocles, of Carystos, [103]
Dionis, Pierre, distinguished French anatomist, [41], [364], [383], [540]
Dioscorides, Pedanius, [157], [317]
Diphtheria, genuine, recognized by Paracelsus, [405]
Diphtheria, pharyngeal, known in 2d century as Syriac ulcer, [144]
Diseases mentioned in the papyrus Ebers, [20]
Dislocation of shoulder, successfully reduced by Gabriel Bakhtichou, [207]
Dissecting of human bodies, early attempts, [309], [327], [331]
practice approved by University of Salamanca, [346]
practice made obligatory in the medical schools early in 18th century, [364]
Distempers of the stiff and elastic fibres (Boerhaave), [442]
Divine water of the alchemists, [321]
Djondisabour, early establishment of a medical school at, [184], [204]
Doctor, when first employed as a title, [280]
Dodoens, Rembert (Dodonaeus), [395]
Dogmatists, sect of the, [101], [103], [149]
Donato, Marcello, [396]
Don Carlos, of Spain, skull severely injured, [485]
Dorveaux, Paul, [548]
Douglas, James, [361]
Drachma, value of, [207]
Draco, son of Hippocrates, [82]
Dracunculus medinensis, [233]
Drugs, enumerated by Homer in the Odyssey, [18]
enumerated by Dioscorides, [18]
remedial effects of, [398]
Dry treatment of wounds, [275], [285]
DuBois, Jacques (Sylvius), the anatomist, [340], [345]
Dysentery, East Indian treatment of, [409]

Ear, cherry pit in, [396]
fatal disease of, [489]
East Indian surgeons performed suprapubic cystotomy before the Christian era, [497]
Eben el Khammar, a distinguished Persian physician, [222]
Ebers papyrus, the, [20]
Eclectics, the, [142], [149]
Egypt, ancient, practice of medicine in, [16], [17]
process of embalming in, [17]
temples were used as hospitals and as medical schools, as well as for purposes of worship, [19]
Egyptians, the ancient, surgical instruments used by, [21]
surgical methods employed by, [21]
therapeutics of, [20]
they were good sanitarians, [23]
they were the originators of many of the Mosaic laws, [27]
Eleatic school of philosophy, [73]
Elbow-joint, exarticulation of, [508]
Electric ray, shocks communicated by, utilized in treatment of severe headache, [155]
Elisha the prophet cures Naaman’s so-called leprosy, [27]
Embalming, Egyptian process of, [17]
Emir Adhad Eddoula founds a great hospital at Bagdad, [219]
Empedocles (444 B. C.) places the seat of the hearing in the labyrinth of the temporal bone, [80]
Empirics, sect of the, [101], [111], [149]
Encyclopaedists, the, [156]
Epicureans, the, [102]
Epidaurus, in Argolis, Greece, [51]
Epione, wife of Aesculapius, [50]
Erasistratus, [104], [106], [110]
teachings of, with regard to nature of the blood and the circulation, [371]
Erasmus, on Linacre, [418]
Étienne, Robert, [197]
Euenor, [99]
Euler, Leonhard, [360]
Euporista, title of Oribasius’ treatise, [192]
Euporiston, title of treatise by Priscianus, [193]
Eustachius, Bartholomaeus, [345], [348], [358], [384]
Evil spirits, part played by, in producing disease, [8]
Exercise, physical, not absolutely necessary to persons in normal health, [125]
Experience, great value attached to, by Hippocrates, [148]

Fabiola, the widow, established the first hospital in Rome, [235]
Fabricius ab Acquapendente, [349], [351], [378], [478]
Fabricius of Hilden, [464]
Facial hemiparesis, sculptured in marble (Fig.), [68]
Fallopius or Falloppius, Gabriele, [341], [348], [360], [393], [474], [478]
Farragut, of Girgenti, Sicily, [262]
Faust, Johannes, [322]
Fedeles, Fortunatus, [398]
Fees, medical, in Babylonia, [15]
Fever, nature of, as taught by Sydenham, [423]
Feldbuch der Wundartzney, von Gerssdorff’s, [462]
Femur, fracture of, [510]
Ferment in blood the cause of small-pox (Rhazes), [220]
Fernel, Jean, [414]
Filaria Medinensis, removal of, from boy’s leg, [489]
Finckenstein, [543]
Fistula in ano, John Arderne’s treatise on, [307]
Flammula, [522]
Flint knives, [9]
Flos Medicinae, title of medical treatise, [251]
Flourens, [374]
Foramen Botalli, [413]
Forceps for crushing stone in the bladder (Fig.), [497]
Forceps, obstetrical, invention of, [535]
Foreest, Peter, [413]
Formulary of Sabour ben Sahl, [209]
Fossel, [391]
Fra Sarpi, [378]
Fracastoro, Hieronymus, [221], [362], [389], [391]
Franco, Pierre, [490], [494], [495], [497]
Franconian operation, revived in 1719 by John Douglas of London, [496]
Frederick II., King of Sicily, promotes work of translating from the Arabic, [261]
Freind, John, [184], [195], [416]
Frère Jacques de Beaulieu, [550]
Friedlaender, [3]

Gabriel, the most distinguished member of the Bakhtichou family, [207]
Gaius, of Naples, a distinguished ophthalmologist, [115]
Gale, Thomas, [517]
Galeazzo di Santa Sofia, Professor of Anatomy at Vienna, [311]
Galen, Claudius, [74], [160], [316], [344]
on the nature of the blood, [372]
on the true function of respiration, [372]
on the treatment of wounds, [275]
treatises written by, [167]
Galenic doctrines, [400]
Galenical preparations, [317]
Galenism, meaning of the term, [388]
Galenists, English, in 17th century, [419]
Galen’s system of therapeutics still used in Persia, [317]
Galileo, [546]
Gallu, the demon who causes diseases of the hand, [13]
Gariopontus, a teacher at Salerno, [245], [247]
Gas sylvestre, [401]
Geber, credited with being the founder of chemistry, [233]
now believed to be a mythical personage, [320]
Gentile da Foligno, [266]
Gerard of Cremona, [227], [261]
Germ origin of certain febrile diseases suspected by Rhazes, [221]
Germany, devastated during the 17th century, [426]
medical education in (from 1400 to 1600), [454]
Gerssdorff, Hans von, [460]
Gesner, Conrad, [394]
Gilbertus Anglicus, [305], [516]
Gilles de Corbeil, on urology, [255]
Gladiators, schools for, [68]
Glauber’s salt, [410]
Glisson, Francis, [358], [546]
Glossulae quatuor magistrorum, [280]
Gordonius, [296]
Gourdon, Bernard de (Gordonius), [296]
Gout, remedy for, recommended by Aëtius, [195]
Graaf, Reignier de, [359], [361]
Grapheus, Benevenutus, celebrated eye surgeon of the 12th century, [256]
Graves, robbing of, for dissecting material, [309], [332], [336]
Great Britain, condition of surgery in, during 16th and 17th centuries, [516]
Greek proverbs relating to medicine, [77]
Gregory, Bishop of Tours, [241]
Griffon, Jean, distinguished Genevese surgeon, [464]
Guaiac, inefficient anti-syphilitic remedy, [405]
Guainerio, of Pavia, [496]
Guarna, Rebecca, [245]
Guericke, Otto von, [546]
Guido Guidi (Vidus Vidius), the anatomist, [340]
Guillemeau, Jacques, [536]
Guiscard, Robert, a resident at Salerno, [240]
Guldinus, Paul, [409]
Gunpowder, first employment of, in European warfare, [328]
Gunshot wounds, [467], [473]
Gurlt, von, [455]
Guy de Chauliac, [227], [263], [298], [299], [310]
founder of didactic surgery, [300]
manner of treating injured nerves, [302]
manner of treating fractures of the thigh, [304]
Gymnastic exercises, institutions for cultivating, [68]
Gynaecologists, early, [115]
Gynaecology successfully practiced by Soranus, [140]

Haller, Albert von, [142], [344]
Haly, Abbas, a Persian physician and the author of the famous treatise called “Al-Maleky”—“The Royal Book,” [223]
Hammurabi’s law with reference to physicians’ fees in Babylonia, [15]
Harderwyk, University of, [439]
Haroun Alraschid, [206]
Harvey, William, discoverer of the circulation of the blood, [379]
Head, injuries of (Wuertz), [467]
Heart, anatomy of, according to de Mondeville, [289]
physiology of, [377]
Heidelberg, University of, [454]
Heliodorus, [202]
Helvetius, [409]
Hemorrhage from a wound, different means of arresting, [154], [277]
Henry the Second’s manner of death, [511]
Henschel, researches of, [246]
Herakleides, of Tarentum, [111]
Hercules an ancestor of Hippocrates, [81]
Hermetic books relating to medicine, [18]
Hernia, radical cure of, by members of the Norsa family, [482]
Hernia-healers, [490]
Herodicus, of Selymbria, [69]
Herodotus, a different person from the famous historian, [26], [142]
Herophilus, a distinguished physician of Chalcedon, [104]
Herzog, excavations made by, at Cos, [55]
Hesychios, [201]
Heurnius, Johannes, clinical teacher at Leyden, [429]
High operation for stone in the bladder (le haut appareil), [495], [496]
Highmore, Nathaniel, [359], [546]
Hindu physicians held very crude ideas about pathology, [31]
Hippocrates the Great, [81], [82], [98], [411]
Hippocratic oath, [71]
Hippocratic writings, French version of Littré, [83]
German version of Fuchs, [84]
short extracts, [89]
Hirsch, August, [399], [545]
Hobeïch, [215]
Hofmann, Moritz, [358]
Hoffmann, Friedrich, [431], [434]
Hoffmann’s anodyne, [437]
Homeric poems probably written about B. C. 800, [46]
Homer’s familiarity with anatomy, [48]
Honein, [208], [212], [214], [317]
Hospital gangrene, Wuertz’s views regarding, [469]
Hospitals in the Middle Ages, [219], [235]
Hôtel-Dieu at Lyons founded in the 6th century, [236], [450]
Hôtel-Dieu at Paris over-crowded in early part of 16th century (Fig.), [452]
Hrabanus Maurus, Abbot of Fulda Monastery, [241]
Hugo Benzi (Hugo of Siena), [312]
Hugo of Lucca, [275]
Hydrotherapy at the Cos Asclepieion, [54]
in the treatment of gout, [129]
Hygieia, daughter of Aesculapius, [50]
Hyoscyamus, when first used for dilating the pupils, [157]
Hyrtl, Joseph, [311], [356], [532]

Iatreia, or small private hospitals, [68]
Iatrochemists and IATROPHYSICISTS in 17th century, [366]
Ibrahim, pupil of George Bakhtichou, [206]
Idea morbosa (Van Helmont), [399]
Ileo-caecal valve, discovery of, [350]
Iliad and Odyssey, references in, to medicine, [47]
India, ancient, rich in skilful surgeons, [35]
India, great mortality in, from bites of venomous serpents, [64]
the medicine of, [31]
Ingrassia, [349]
Innocent XI., Pope, [392]
Inoculation against small-pox practiced by the Chinese in the 11th century, [43]
Intention, healing by first, [277]
Intestine, wounds of, [255], [459]
Ionian School of Philosophy, [72]
Ipecacuanha, discovery of, [408], [409]
Isaac, son of Honein, [215]
Isis, [19]
Isola San Bartolommeo, [51]
Israelites, medicine of the, [26], [27]
Issa ben Chalata, [205]
Itinerant lithotomists, [549]

Jacobus Psychrestos, [201]
Jalap, [395]
Jamerius, author of “Chirurgia Jamati,” [255]
Janiscus, son of Aesculapius, [50]
Japanese physicians, modern, [45]
Jardin-du-Roi, [540]
Jaso, daughter of Aesculapius, [50]
Jean de Vigo, [472], [473]
Jewish medical students, numerous at Montpellier, [265]
John of Arderne, [516]
of Capua, [261]
of Gaddesden, [305], [516]
of Salisbury, [264]
the Grammarian, of Alexandria, [185]
Journalism, medical, beginnings of, [545]
Julian the Apostate, Roman Emperor, [236], [435]
Jusserand, [306]

Kerckring, Theodor, [359]
King, Edmund, [408]
Kitab al-kullidschat (= “Colliget”), title of Averroes’ treatise, [229]
Koelliker, [455]

Laboulbène, comments on Sydenham, [425]
Labyrinth of temporal bone, [80]
Lancisi, Giovanni Maria, [349], [391]
discovers copper plates intended for Eustachius’ “Anatomy,” [392]
Lanfranchi, [282], [284]
Languages, learned, importance of acquiring a knowledge of them, [271]
Lanolin, described by Dioscorides in A. D. 100, [318]
Lapeyronie, François de, [531]
Laryngoscopy, direct, mentioned by Savonarola, [313]
Latin, barbaric, [262], [300]
commonly employed by teachers of medicine in 16th and 17th centuries, [369]
habitually spoken at Oxford and Cambridge in 17th century, [424]
Laudanum, Sydenham’s liquid, formula for, [424]
Laurea Anglica, title of treatise written by Gilbertus Anglicus, [305]
Laxatives, a term originated by the Methodists, [133]
Laxum and strictum, [130]
Le Clerc, Daniel, [73], [171]
Le Clerc, Lucien, [217]
Leech lodged in the naso-pharynx, [397]
Leeches, therapeutic employment of, first mentioned by Themison, [133]
Leeuwenhoek, Anton van, [360]
Leg, amputation of (Fig.), [463]
Leibnitz, [363]
Leonides, [201]
Leonine versification, [251]
Levret, [539]
Libraries, public, seventy possessed by Spain during the 12th century, [232]
Liebreich, originator of the term “lanolin,” [318]
Ligatures applied to blood-vessels by Archigenes in the early part of 2d century, [143]
employment of, by Jean de Vigo, in 1460, [473]
used on amputation stumps, [519]
Linacre, Thomas, [416]
founded two “lectures of physick” at Oxford, [417]
instrumental in securing the foundation of the College of Physicians at London, [417]
Liquor balsamicus, [357]
Lithontripsy, Giovanni de Romanis supposed to be the inventor of, [474]
Lithotome of Frère Côme (Fig.), [553]
Lithotomists, itinerant, [490], [549]
Lithotomy, suprapubic, [495]
Lithotrity practiced first by Beniveni in the 15th century, [498]
Louis de Bourges, First Physician to Francis I., [414]
Louvain, University of, [345]
Lower, Richard, [408]
Lucius Verus, Roman Emperor, [165]
Lucrum neglectum, probable meaning of the expression, [353]
Luke, “the beloved physician,” [30]
Lutetia, Gaul, the present city of Paris, [435]
Luther, Martin, a believer in the “black art,” [322]
Lymphatics, intestinal, [385]
Lyons, France, founding of the Hôtel-Dieu in that city (6th century), [236]

Machaon and Podalirius, sons of Aesculapius, [47], [50]
Magati, Cesare, [529]
Maggi, Bartolommeo, [473]
discoverer of the fact that a bullet is not hot at moment of inflicting a wound, [513]
Magical remedies, [197]
Magnus, disciple of Athenaeus, [142]
Magreb, [218]
Maimonides, esteemed the greatest Jew after Moses, [230]
Malevolent spirits, capable of producing disease, [8]
Malpighi, [360], [361]
Manardus, Johannes, [389]
Manfred, King of Sicily, [262]
founds a university at Naples in 1258 A. D., [257]
Manuscripts, medical, transcribing of, at Monastery of Saint Gall, [244]
Marc Antonio della Torre, [339]
Marcus Aurelius, Roman Emperor, [165]
Marianus Sanctus, [474]
Mariotte, Edme, [546]
Martyrdom of Christian physicians, [180]
Master of Medicine, grade of, [304]
Materia medica, early Greek, [158]
first modern treatise on (1447), [320]
Mauriceau, François, [537]
Maurus, teacher of medicine at Salerno, [245]
Mayerne, Turquet de, [547]
Meaux Saint-Marc, translator of “Schola Salernitana” into French, [250]
Mediastinitis, case of, [228]
Medical teaching in Ancient Greece, [70], [85]
in the Asclepieia, [69]
Medical treatises, Greek, destruction of, in Rome, during the 5th century, [185]
Medicine, beginnings of a rational system of, [67]
development of different sects, after the death of Hippocrates, [101]
evolution of, as affected by the Arab Renaissance, [203], [233]
God of, [50]
influence of the Italian Renaissance upon, [260]
mediaeval, [191]
practice of, at Rome, in century preceding Christian era, [117]
pre-Homeric period of, in Greece, [46]
relation of monasteries to, [238]
slowness of development of, [3]
Medicine man of the Indian tribes the earliest type of the physician, [8]
Medina worm discovered by Abulcasis, [233]
Membrana Ruyschiana, [357]
Menelaüs wounded at siege of Troy, [48]
Menocritus, physician, honored by a marble column in Greece, [99]
Mercuriade, teacher of medicine at Salerno, [245]
Mesopotamia, medicine in, [11]
Mesué, John, the Elder, [209]
Metasyncrisis, a term originated by Thessalus, [136]
Methodists, school of the, [129], [138], [149]
Meyer, Ernest von, [400]
Meyer-Steineg, of Jena, Germany, [16], [52], [53], [68], [120], [129], [134], [142]
Michael Scotus, [262]
Microscopic anatomy, first beginnings of, [360], [362]
Migraine relieved by arteriotomy, [470]
Mikrotechne of Galen, [248]
Minderer, Raymond, [407]
Mineral waters employed extensively by the ancients in the form of baths, [157]
Mirach, [521]
Mirfeld, John, [306]
Misopogon, title of satire written by Julian the Apostate, [436]
Mithridates, [127]
Mithridaticum, composition of, [112]
Mixtum, term employed by the Methodists, [131]
Mommsen, [235]
Monasteries in the Middle Ages, [181], [235]
relation of, to medicine, [238]
Mondeville, Henri de (Fig.), [287], [288], [289], [291]
Mondino, the anatomist, [274], [280], [312], [332]
Monks obliged to practice medicine during the Middle Ages, [141], [154]
Monte Cassino, founding of Benedictine monastery on, [238], [239]
Montpellier, Medical School of, [264], [292], [332]
Morbus gallicus, [543]
Mosaic laws, the, related particularly to social hygiene, [26]
Moschion, pupil of Soranus, [139]
Motassem, Caliph, [210]
Moxae, moxibustion, [44]
Murphy’s button, Pfolspeundt’s (15th century) prototype of, [459]
Musa, Antonius, physician of Emperor Augustus, [129]
Musandinus, [245], [254]
Musulmans as zealous as the Christians in establishing hospitals, [237]

Naaman’s so-called leprosy cured by the prophet Elisha, [27]
Namtar, the special demon of the Plague, [13]
Naples, university established at, in 1258 A. D., [257]
Nasal cavity, illuminating the, [482]
Neo-Latin, [262]
Neolithic age, state of medical knowledge during the, [9]
Nepenthes, [49]
Nerves, wounds of, comments of Guy de Chauliac upon, [302]
Neuburger, Max, [24], [41], [51], [84], [132], [222], [228], [231], [249]
Newton, Sir Isaac, [546]
Nicaise, Edouard, [228], [263], [282], [287], [300]
Nicholas, the monk, sent by the Emperor Romanus to Cordova as an interpreter of Dioscorides, [226]
Nicolaus Myrepsus, [318]
Nicolaus Praepositus, Antidotarium of, [253]
Nicotine, the alkaloid found in tobacco, [395]
Norsa family, celebrated as operators for the radical cure of hernia, [482]
Nuck, Anton, the anatomist, [359], [439]
Nufer, Jacob, [534]

Oath, Hippocratic, [71]
Obstetric methods, rational, of Soranus, [138], [139]
Obstetrical forceps, [535]
Obstetrics, practice of, in ancient Egypt, [17]
Odyssey, reference to drugs in the, [18]
Oil of St. John’s wort, [522]
Oisypum (lanolin), first described by Dioscorides (100 A. D.), [318]
Old Testament, medicine of the, [26]
Oleum Hyperici, [522]
Onasilos, a physician, bronze tablet in honor of (5th century B. C.), found in Island of Cyprus, [99]
Opedeldoch, [404]
Ophthalmologists, early, [115]
Ophthalmology, important contributions to, [546]
Opium, probably the drug referred to by term “nepenthes,” [49]
proper manner of obtaining, first described by Scribonius Largus, [155]
Sydenham’s opinion with regard to the value of, [424]
Oporinus, Paracelsus’ assistant, [404]
Ordronaux, John, [250], [252]
Oribasius, [191]
Oriental medicine, [11]
Osiris, or Serapis, [19]
Over-eating, according to the ancient Egyptians, is the cause of the majority of diseases, [22]

Padua Medical School, [267], [352]
Pagel, [57]
Palermo, Sicily, a great centre of literary activity, [261]
Panadoes, how prepared, [443]
Panakeia, daughter of Aesculapius, [50]
Pancreas, outlet duct of, discovered in 1641, [358]
Paper, invention of, [328]
Papin, Denis, [547]
Paracelsus, [369], [401], [405], [465]
monument in honor of, at Basel, [406]
pharmaceutical preparations of, [404]
sayings of, [403]
treatises published by, [403]
Paracentesis abdominis, [110], [124]
Paramirum, title of Paracelsus’ principal treatise, [403]
Parchment invented at Pergamum in 3d century B. C., [101]
Paré, Ambroise (Figs.), [404], [499], [500], [502], [515]
abandons use of boiling oil, [503]
arrests bleeding from divided blood-vessels by use of ligatures, [512]
bitter jealousy shown by his contemporaries, [501]
charge of plagiarism against him not sustained, [514]
devises artery forceps and other surgical apparatus, [512]
exarticulation of elbow-joint performed by him, [508]
some of his sayings, [500], [501]
summary of his more important achievements in surgery, [513]
treatise on surgery not published in English until 1577, [518]
Paris Medical School, [282]
Parmenides, [73]
Parrenin, Father, Jesuit missionary, [541]
Pason (= Apollo), who invented the art of medicine, [18]
Passavant, Dean of the Collège de St. Côme at Paris, [284]
Passionarius, title of Gariopontus’ treatise, [247]
Pathology, Fernel’s scheme of, [415]
views held by Hippocrates, [86]
Pathology, internal, [389]
Patroclus dresses the wound of Eurypylus, [49]
Paul, the Apostle, bitten by a poisonous snake on the Island of Melita, [29]
Paulus Aegineta, [199], [227], [318]
Pecquet, Jean, rediscovers thoracic duct (in a dog), [384]
Pericardium, abscess in the, Avenzoar refers to its actual occurrence, [229]
Periodeuts or ambulant physicians, [75]
Persians, the ancient, medicine of, [25]
took very little interest in surgery, [26]
Peter the Great purchases Ruysch’s anatomical collection, [356]
Petroncellus, a teacher of medicine at Salerno, [245]
Peyer, Johann Conrad, [359]
Pfolspeundt, Heinrich von, [458], [460]
Pharmacist, early use of the term, [316]
Pharmacology, earliest treatise on, published by Dioscorides in 77 A. D., [158]
Pharmacopoeia, modern term for antidotarium, [319]
Augsburg, compiled by Minderer, [407]
modern, beginnings of, [547]
of India, very rich, [33]
Pharmacy, in its infancy, [315]
first regularly established in the 8th century, [318]
Pharmakon, term employed by Galen for a remedial drug, [316]
Philinus of Cos, [111]
Philosophers’ stone, [321]
Philosophy, schools of, in Greece and its colonies, [72]
Physicians, consultation of (Fig.), [457]
honored publicly in ancient Greece, [98], [99], [100]
more highly esteemed than surgeons in 14th century, [304]
suffered martyrdom for their Christian faith, [180]
Physiology, human, views held by Hippocrates, [86]
Pietro d’Abano, [266]
Pineau family, lithotomists, [549]
Pini, anatomical draughtsman, [348], [392]
Pitard, Jehan, Surgeon of Louis IX., [448], [530]
Pitcairn, Archibald, [367]
Plague at Athens, history of, by Thucydides, [96]
Plague, the, avoidance of, by Galen, [164]
Plants, medicinal virtues of, [157]
Platearius, John and Matthew, teachers of medicine at Salerno, [245]
Plato, [73], [78]
views of, with regard to women physicians, [77]
Platter, Felix, [336], [396], [455]
early experiences at Montpellier, [332]
Pleurisy, Boerhaave’s manner of treating it, [444]
Pliny the Elder, [155]
Pneuma, or breath, plays the most important rôle in the mechanism of life, [108]
or vital spirit, [141]
Pneumatism not popular with the physicians of Rome, [142]
Pneumatists, the, [141]
Podalic version, [535], [537]
Podalirius, [47]
Poisonous snakes, loss of life caused by the bites of, [64]
Polybus, son-in-law of Hippocrates, [82]
Pompeii, physicians’ houses disinterred at, [315]
Pons Varolii, [350]
Pores, system of, for conveyance of tissue juices, [122]
Portal, Paul, [539]
Poultices, too free use of, condemned, [467]
Power, D’Arcy, [307]
Practica chirurgiae of Roger, [254]
Practica oculorum of Benevenutus Grapheus, [256]
Practica of Bartholomaeus, [248]
Practica of Cophon the Younger, [249]
Practitioners, improper behavior of, in the sick room, [193]
Praepositus, meaning of the term, [253]
Praxagoras of Cos, [103]
probably the first to distinguish the difference between arteries and veins, [103]
Prayer formulae employed by the Babylonians as protective remedies, [13]
Pregnant women, dietetics of, [199]
Prehistoric period of science of medicine, [4]
Pre-Homeric period of medicine in Greece, [46]
Prescription writing first employed about A. D. 1400, [320]
Printing, invention of, favored advance of science of medicine, [328]
Priscianus, Theodorus, [192]
Proksch, [543]
Przymiot, title of early Polish treatise on syphilis, [479]
Ptolemies, learning greatly prospered under their reign, [100]
Ptolemy Euergetes, or Physcon, [116]
Pulse, meaning of, according to Athenaeus, [142]
Pulsific power of arteries (Galen), [381]
Purkinje’s bone-corpuscles, [362]
Puschmann, [70], [107], [196], [232], [257], [311], [365], [394]
Pyaemia, Wuertz’s views regarding, [469]
Pythagoras, [73], [74]
medical doctrines propounded by, [147]
Python, Aesculapius represented in the presence of a, [65]

Quintessences of Paracelsus, [405]
Quintus, one of Galen’s teachers, [162]

Rabelais, François, celebrated humorous writer, was a physician, [451]
Rabisu, the demon who causes diseases of the skin, [13]
Raphael’s celebrated painting showing Plato and Aristotle, [102]
Rational system of medicine, beginnings of, in Greece, [67]
Recipes, books of, take the place of physicians in Rome, [117]
Red-hot cautery iron too freely used for arresting bleeding, [466]
Refraction, researches of Alhazen in regard to, [233]
Regimen sanitatis Salernitanum, [246]
Arnold’s commentary on, [294]
Relics, saintly, universal faith in their power to heal diseases, [241]
Remedial agents, genuine, employed in Babylonia, [13]
Remedies, household, Cato’s collection of, [123]
Renaissance, influence of, upon progress of medicine in Western Europe, [259]
Renan, Ernest, [229], [231]
Renzi, de, on books written by physicians at Salerno, [246]
Repercussion, [526]
Respiration, physiology of, according to Erasistratus, [108]
according to Aretaeus, [144]
Rete Malpighi, [361]
Rhazes, illustrious Persian physician, [219], [318]
Rhinoplasty in Italy in the 15th century, [459]
Rhodion, [533]
Riolan, J., [360]
Roesslin, Eucharius, [533]
Roger’s Practica, the oldest treatise on surgery written in Italy during the Middle Ages, [254]
Rokitansky, the famous Viennese pathologist, advice of, to those about to study medicine, [3]
Roland of Parma, [254], [279]
Roman physicians, of foreign birth, awarded rights of citizenship by Julius Caesar, [130]
Romano Pane publishes first account of discovery of tobacco, [395]
Rome, state of medicine at, after the death of Asclepiades, [129]
Rosa anglica, title of treatise written by John of Gaddesden, [306]
Rousset, François, [535]
Royal Society of London, founding of, [363]
Rudbeck, Olaus, [358], [385]
Rufus of Ephesus, [145], [146]
Ruysch, Friedrich, the anatomist, [356], [358]

Sabour ben Sahl, [209]
Sage femme, possible origin of the term, [247]
Saint Bartholomew’s Hospital, London, [524]
Saint Basil, founder of a hospital at Caesarea, [236]
Saint Côme, Collège de, [490]
Saint Cosmas and Saint Damian, Brotherhood of, [530]
Saladin of Ascolo, author of first modern treatise on materia medica, [320]
Saladin, Sultan of Egypt, [225]
Salamanca, University of, [346]
Salerno Medical School, [243], [244], [265]
women teachers at, [245]
Saliceto, William of, [277]
Salmouïh ben Bayan, a distinguished pupil of the Djondisabour school, [210]
Salvino degli Armati of Florence, reputed inventor of spectacles, [297]
Sanctorius Sanctorinus, [368]
Sandwith, Dr. F. M., concerning the most ancient surgical implements thus far discovered, [9]
Sanguification, Galen’s theory of, [385]
Sanitary science in the 15th century, [314]
Sapienza, University of, at Rome, [391]
Sarsaparilla, [395]
Savonarola, Giovanni Michele, [313]
Schielhans, nickname of Hans von Gerssdorff, [460]
Schneider, Conrad Victor, [359]
School of Salerno, title of poem, [250]
Schools, significance of the term, [74]
Scotus or Scottus, [262]
Scribonius Largus, [155], [413]
Sects in Medicine, [101], [147], [149]
Septicaemia, Wuertz’s views regarding, [470], [471]
Serapion the Elder, [210]
Serapis or Osiris, [19]
Serpent, significance of the, in the statues and votive tablets exposed to view in the Aesculapian temples, [62]
Servetus, Michael, [375]
on the circulation of the blood, [376]
Shoulder, dislocation of, cured by Gabriel Bakhtichou, [207]
Simon Januensis, [261]
Sismondi, the historian, [116]
Skull, fractures of, [286], [476]
Slaves sold by Romans when they became old and feeble, [235]
Sleep-walking, instance of, narrated by Alderotti, [273]
Small-pox described by Herodotus, [142]
earliest treatise upon, [220]
Gaddesden’s successful treatment of, [306]
prophylactic inoculation against, [43]
Smith, Sir William, [103]
Snake, poisonous, treatment of bite by, [110]
Snakeroot, an antidote for poisoning by the bite of a snake, [7]
Sobieski, King of Poland, purchases Ruysch’s second anatomical collection, [358]
Social hygiene, the Mosaic laws relate particularly to, [26]
Socrates, [73]
Soporific sponges, [253]
Soranus of Ephesus, [138], [139], [159]
rational obstetric methods of, [139]
Soul, spirit of the, [291]
Soul, the, is the blood, according to Servetus, [376]
Spain, medicine flourished in, during the 10th century, [226]
Spanish surgeons of the 16th century, [484]
Specialization in medicine, [114]
Spectacles, use of, first mentioned by Gordonius (A. D. 1285), [297]
Speculum, aural, employed by Jean de Vigo, [473]
majus, of Vincent Beauvais, [270]
vaginal, of Paulus Aegineta, [201]
Spine, curvature of, [313]
Spirit, the, [291], [374]
disorders of, [141]
of Mindererus, [407]
Splenia, [526]
Splints made with bundles of straw, [304]
Sprengel, Kurt, [342]
Springs, European, in 16th century, [323]
Stahl, Georg Ernst, [431]
doctrine of animism, [432]
his “phlogiston,” [433]
treatise on “theoria medica vera,” [432]
Steno, Nicholas (Niels Stensen), [359]
Stibium, [158]
Stoics, the, [102]
Stone in the bladder, cutting for, [494]
Gaddesden’s peculiar method of treating, [306]
method of operating kept a secret by lithotomists, [447]
Strangulated hernia, Franco’s operation for, [492]
Straton, a skilful gynaecologist, [115]
Straw splints, for use in fractures, [304]
Strictum and laxum, terms employed by the Methodists, [130]
Boerhaave adopts the doctrine, [442]
Styrus, one of Galen’s teachers, [162]
Suggestion, power of, over the human mind, [241]
Superstitious beliefs constitute one of the most extraordinary characteristics of the human race, [10]
Surgeon, characteristics which he should possess, [285]
Surgeons of the long robe, a name given to members of the Collège de St. Côme, [448]
Surgery, considered a menial occupation during the Renaissance (Fig.), [306], [447]
early, in Great Britain, [516], [523]
strong prejudice against among French physicians of the 15th century, [300]
systematic instruction in, first given at Montpellier in 1597, [448]
Surgical operations in the age of primitive medicine, [8]
Susruta, celebrated East Indian medical author, [31]
Swammerdam, John, [356]
Sydenham, Thomas, [418]
a great sufferer from gout, [421]
describes an “inflammation of the blood,” [423]
experience with the great epidemic of the Plague, [421]
on the nature of fever, [423]
treatises published by, [419]
Sylvius (Franz de le Boë), [367], [427]
clinical instruction cultivated by him at Leyden, [428], [429]
treatises published by him, [428]
Sylvius, the anatomist, [340]
Syphilis, [473], [542]
poem relating to, [391]
Syriac ulcer (known to-day as pharyngeal diphtheria), [144]
Syringe, earliest reference to use of, to be found in Abulcasis’ treatise on surgery, [227]
Syringotome, [313]
Szandalani, Arabic name for pharmacists, [318]

Tagliacotian operation, the so-called, [478], [480]
Tagliacozzi, Gaspare, [478]
Talismans, amulets, etc., as means of protection against evil spirits, [9], [13]
Teissir, the, Avenzoar’s great medical work, [228], [230]
Telesphorus, son of, Aesculapius, [50]
Temple priests in ancient Egypt, [17]
Temple sleep at the Asclepieia, [57]
Temples, Aesculapian, their chief purpose, [51]
Tents, practice of employing, in the treatment of wounds, condemned, [466]
Tesrif, the, written by Abulcasis (= Alsaharavius), [227]
Tetanus, traumatic, Lanfranchi’s treatment of, [285]
Thaddeus Alderotti, [272]
Thales, of Miletus, [72]
Themison, founder of the sect of the Methodists, [130]
the first to mention the employment of leaches, [133]
Theodoric of Lucca, [276]
Theodorus, a disciple of Athenaeus, [142]
Thessalus, son of Hippocrates, [82], [133]
Thessalus, of Tralles, in Asia Minor, a prominent Methodist, [133]
Thierry de Héry, [499]
Thigh, amputation of, probably performed in early part of Christian era, [470]
fractures of, [304]
Thirty Years’ War, the, [426]
Thomas Aquinas, a believer in the art of the magician, [321]
Thoracic duct, [384]
Thot or Thoüt (Hermes), the god, author of the hermetic books, [18], [19]
Thucydides, [96]
Tiraboschi, [338], [378]
Tobacco, [395]
Toledo, Spain, richly stocked with manuscript treasures of Arabic literature, [261]
Tolet, François, [550]
Tolu, balsam of, [395]
Torcular Herophili, [105]
Torricella, [546]
Tosorthos, [17]
Touching, for the “King’s evil,” [527], [528]
Tracheotomy performed by Asclepiades (90 B. C.), [124]
revived by Antonio Beniveni in the 15th century, [498]
Transfusion of blood, [408]
Transmutation of baser metals into gold, [321]
Trautmann, of Wittenberg, [535]
Trephine, circular pattern of, [473]
Trephining the skull a very ancient surgical operation, [9]
Wuertz slow in resorting to the operation, [467]
Trikka, Thessaly, [51]
Trotula, a teacher of medicine at Salerno, [245]
Tuberculosis, virus of, long-lived, according to Fracastoro, [390]
Turquet de Mayerne, [547]
Tydides, who smote Aeneas, [49]

Ulcers, treatment of, according to the method of Thessalus, [135]
Uroscopy eagerly adopted by charlatans in 16th century (Fig.), [412]
strongly denounced by Scribonius, Botallo and others, [413]
Utukku, the demon who causes diseases of the throat, [13]

Vagbhata, a celebrated East Indian medical author, [31]
Valerius Cordus, [318]
Valves, discovery of, in the larger veins, [378]
Van Helmont, [398]
“archaeus influus” and “archaeus insitus,” [399]
characteristic sayings, [400]
remarkable remedies manufactured by him, [399]
Van Swieten introduces clinical instruction at the University of Vienna, [431]
Varolius, [349]
Vein should be opened longitudinally in venesection, [286]
Vena portae, [385]
Venesection, Celsus’ description of technical details, [152]
quantity of blood that may be withdrawn, [413]
spot from which blood should preferably be taken, [411]
Venous artery (pulmonary vein), [371]
Venous blood, function of, [373]
Versification employed in medical treatises, [251]
Version, podalic, [535]
Vesalius, [340], [342], [345], [347], [370], [374], [456]
Vicq d’Azyr, [532]
Victor III., Pope, [239]
Vidus Vidius, [340]
Vieussens, Raymond, [364]
Villalobos, [542]
Vincent of Beauvais, [270]
encyclopaedia of, [263]
Vindicianus, [192]
Viper, cases of persons bitten by, [488], [507]
Vis conservatrix et medicatrix naturae (Stahl), [432]
Vital force, Stahl’s, [405]
Vital spirit, Galen’s, [376]
Vivisection of criminals utilized at Alexandria, Egypt, for scientific purposes, [107]
Vizir Ali ben Issa founds a great hospital at Bagdad in A. D. 914, [219]
Volcher Koyter, [349]

Water, contaminated, purification of, by distillation, [305]
of river Choaspes, ready boiled for use and stored in flagons of silver, carried by King Cyrus on his campaigns, [26]
Wecker, Johann Jacob, [521]
Weight-and-pulley treatment of thigh fractures, Guy de Chauliac’s, [304]
Wharton, Thomas, [359], [546]
William of Saliceto, [277]
William the Conqueror a patient at Salerno, [245]
Willis, Thomas, [360], [367], [546]
Wine, Galen’s use of, in dressing wounds, [163]
proper employment of, according to Asclepiades, [125]
Thalassite, [126]
Winter, of Andernach, [340]
Wirsung, George, discovers outlet duct of human pancreas, [358]
Wiseman, Richard, [524]
Women instructors in medicine highly esteemed at Salerno, [246]
Women physicians among the Arabs in Spain, during the 12th century, [232]
Woodall, John, [522]
Wounds, dry method of treating, [275], [285]
too frequent probing of, condemned, [466]
Wren, Sir Christopher, [408]
Wuertz, Felix, [465]
condemns universal employment of chemical caustics and the red-hot iron for arresting bleeding, [466]
remarks on pyaemia, hospital gangrene and septicaemia, [469], [471]
remarks on treatment of penetrating wounds of abdomen, [469]
Wundaerzte, [369]

Xenodochia, institutions for the care of slaves, [235]
Xenophon, C. Stertinius, [54]

Yperman, Jehan, a distinguished Flemish physician of 14th century, [309]

Zend-Avesta, the, [25]
Zeno, founder of the Stoic philosophy, [103]
Zerbi, Gabriel, professional visit of, to Constantinople, cost him his life, [337]
Zeuxis, organizer of a medical school at Laodicea, [111]
Zirhach, [521]
Zirbus, [521]
Zopyrus classified drugs according to the effects which they produce, [111]
Zosimos, of Panopolis, [321]