Appendix.

The Kaffir words given below may be useful to enable some visitor to South Africa to make known to the Kaffirs a few of his wants.

I will not vouch for the correctness of the grammar of which I have made use, but the Kaffirs will understand what may be required from even these sentences.

Each word ought to be pronounced as it is written, the last syllable but one being always rested on longer than the others. The a, e, and i, are pronounced as in French. The plural is in general formed by prefixing ama, and dropping in some cases the first syllable; as, indoda, a man; amadoda, men; ihashi, a horse; amahaski, horses. The numerals are more easily explained by holding up the fingers,—shumi being ten; amashumi, tens. Thirty would be explained as tens, three, amashumi m’tatu, or by opening and shutting the hands three times.

The click which is used, by the Kaffirs need not be attempted by the beginner in the language,—there are so very few words which require the click, and these few are quite easily understood without it. The ambitious linguist frequently renders himself quite unintelligible to a Kaffir, in consequence of clicking with every word, whether this click is required or not. It is far better to pronounce distinctly the simple word, than to attempt to adorn it by a performance which, as I have before remarked, cannot be perfectly accomplished until the individual has lost nearly all his teeth.

To any person who may wish to advance in the Kaffir language I submit a conjugated verb as a model; but I generally found that ile, placed at the end of the infinitive mood, was quite understood by the Kaffirs for the past tense: as, uku hamba, to go; hambile, gone; tanda, to love; tandile, have loved, etc.

Ukupoza, To Drink.

Present.
Singular.	Plural.
1. Diapoza, I drink.	1. Siapoza, we drink.
2. Uapoza, thou drinkest.	2. Neapoza, ye drink.
3. Eapoza, he drinks.	3. Paiapoza, they drink.

Imperfect.
Singular.	Plural.
1. Dibendipoza, I drank.	1. Sibesipoza, we drank.
2. Ubenupoza, thou drankest.	2. Nebenepoza, ye drank.
3. Ebenepoza, he drank.	3. Pebepepoza, they drank.

Perfect.
Singular.	Plural.
1. Dabandapoza, I have drunk.	1. Sabesapoza, we have drunk.
2. Uabauapoza, thou hast drunk.	2. Nabenapoza, ye have drunk.
3. Eabaeapoza, he has drunk.	3. Pabepapoza, they have drunk.

Pluperfect.
Singular.	Plural.
1. Dikandapoza, I had drunk.	1. Sikasapoza, we had drunk.
2. Ukauapoza, thou hadst drunk.	2. Nekanapoza, ye had drunk.
3. Ekeapoza, he had drunk.	3. Pakapapoza, they had drunk.

Future.
Singular.	Plural.
1. Dopoza, I shall drink.	1. Sopoza, we shall drink.
2. Uopoza, thou shalt drink.	2. Nopoza, ye shall drink.
3. Eopoza, he shall drink.	3. Popoza, they shall drink.

Potential.
Singular.	Plural.
1. Dingapoza, I may, can, or might drink.	1. Singapoza, we may, can, might drink.
2. Ungapoza, thou, etc.	2. Nangapoza, ye may, etc.
3. Engapoza, he, etc.	3. Pangapoza, they may, etc.

Imperative.
Singular.	Plural.
1. Mandipoza, let me drink.	1. Masipoza, let us drink.
2. Maupoza, do thou drink.	2. Manipoza, do ye drink.
3. Maepoza, let him drink.	3. Mabipoza, let them drink.

Dipozana, do I drink?
Eapozana, does he drink? etc. etc.
Andipoza, I drink not.
Akupoza, thou drinkest not.
Asipoza, we drink not.
Nosipoza, ye drink not.
Pakapoza, they drink not.
Perfect negative.
Andipozanga, I have not drunk.

A verb receives a prefix corresponding with the first letter or syllable of its nominative; as, Poza, to drink; Inja ipoza, the dog drinks.

The adjectives and adverbs undergo the same variations, partaking of the prefixes of the substantives with which they may be conjoined; the nouns form diminutives, thus:—

Indoda, a man.
Intombi, a maid.
Indodana, a little man.
Intombazana, a little girl.
Inkozi, a chief.
Inkosana, a young chief, or a little chief.
Di, I.
Wena, you.
Yena, he.
Tina, we.
Zona, they.
Carbo or Hi, no.
Er wer or Tar bo, yes.
Saca bona, a salutation (Good morning).
Hambani gathly or Solaguthly, Good bye.
Uya pina? Where are you going?
On vel àpi? Where have you come from!
Uku nika, to give.
Uku hamba, to go.
Uku yenza, to do.
Uku zapa, to come.
Uku bìza, to call.
Uku pòza, to drink.
Uku zìsa, to bring.
Uku ejla, to eat.
Uku fùna, to want.
Uku bona, to see.
Uku èswa, to hear.
Uku tànda, to like.
Uku sìka, to cut.
Uku hlànza, to clean.
Uku landèla, to follow.
Uku tènga, to buy.
Uku zingèla, to hunt.
Uku sebènza, to work.
Uku kulùma, to talk.
Uku quela, to ride.
Indòda, a man.
Umfàzi, a woman.
Injlu, a house.
Amànzi, water.
Umlìlo, fire.
Mùti, a tree, or medicine.
Injlòvu, an elephant.
Imvùbu, a hippopotamus.
Inyàti or Inthùmba, a buffalo.
Impòphu, an eland.
Umsiki, a reitbok.
Impenzi, a duiker.
Ihàshi, a horse.
Inja, a dog.
Imfena, a baboon.
Inkau, a monkey.
Ingwenie, an alligator.
Inklànzi, a fish.
Inyoni, a bird.
Inyamazàn, small game or bucks.
Lenjlela, a road or path.
Namhla, to-day.
Izòlo, yesterday.
Goomso, to-morrow.
Goomso futi, to-morrow again, the day after to-morrow.
Futi, again.
Izolo futi, the day before yesterday.
Umlungo, a white man.
Isibum, a gun.
Umcizi, powder.
Inyozi, honey.
N’wela, a waggon.
Umculu, great.
N’càni, little.
Cachema, fast.
Gathly, slow.
Ubìsi, sweet milk.
Amàsi, sour milk.
Bulala, to wound or shoot.
Ipe, where.
Kona, there.
Pezulu, up or above.
Imazi, a cow.
Pantsi, below or down.
Inyoka, a snake.
E’àm, mine.
Incwade, a written letter or note.
E’arko, yours.
M’nyama, black.
Egwi, snuff.
M’lope, white.
Ilanga, the sun.
Ebomvu, red.
Inyanga, the moon, a month.
Inkomo, cattle.
Immali, money.

By joining some of these words together may be formed many useful sentences; thus:—

Yenza umlilo, Make a fire.
Ziza amanzi nàmi, Bring water to me.
Dia funa ihashi am, I want my horse.
Dia funa uku zingela ama injlovu, I want to hunt elephants.
Mäuzapa nami goomso uku sebenza, Come to me to-morrow to work.
Dia funa uku tenga zinkomo, I want to buy cattle.
Mongàpi? How many?
Ishumi, Ten.
Ubanina? What is the name of?
Ubanina amasondo lè? What is the name of these footmarks?
Engàzi, I don’t know.
Chela menà, Tell me.
E-zàpa wena, Come here you.
Hamba kona, Go there.