INDEX

A

Abandonment, remedies of landlord for, [279]

Abatement, definition of, [295]

Acceptance

definition of, [15]

of draft, [133]

Acceptor

of negotiable instruments, [122]

rights and liabilities of, [123]

Acquisition of personal property, [179]

Act of bankruptcy, [35]

Act of God as affecting carriers, [225]

Ademption, definition of, [295]

Administrative law, definition of, [13]

Advancement, definition of, [295]

Adverse interest, [40]

Age, legal, [16], [20]

Agencies, irrevocable, [72]

Agency

contracts within Statute of Frauds, [41]

contracts which must be in writing, [41]

definition of, [39]

general, [43]

purposes for which created, [42]

ratification of, [42]

special, [43]

universal, [43]

Agents

apparent authority of, [50]

how appointed, [41]

authority of, [43]

to collect, [52]

to warrant, [53]

of corporations, [107]

definition of, [39]

delegation of authority by, [51]

distinguished from master and servant, [39]

duties of, to principal, [46]

general, [43]

principal to pay, [44]

risks assumed by, [44]

secret instructions of, [50]

universal, [43]

value of services, [44]

who may be, [40]

Anomalous indorser, [130]

Appeal from one court to another, [298]

Assessments

of corporations, [104]

not included in taxes, [271]

Assignment

of contract, [31]

of insurance, [167]

of lease, [269]

notice of, [274]

oral, [274]

Assignability distinguished from negotiability, [113]

Attestation

of deeds, [245]

of will, [291]

Attornment, definition of, [274]

Auctioneer, [55]

B

Baggage

what constitutes, [234]

duty of innkeeper to receive, [236]

sample cases, [234]

Bailee

definition of, [205]

liability of, [212]

lien of, [212]

right of possession of, [212]

right of, against third persons, [212]

right of, to use property, [212]

right of, against bailor, [212]

Bailment

classification of, [206]

definition of, [205]

distinguished from sale, [182]

parties to, [205]

for sole benefit of bailee, [208]

for sole benefit of bailor, [207]

what constitutes a, [206]

Bailor

bailments for sole benefit of, [207]

definition of, [205]

Banks

checks on, [153]

of circulation, [151]

classified, [151]

clearing houses, [157]

definition of, [151]

of deposit, [151]

deposits in, [152]

discount, [158]

of discount, [151]

exchange, [158]

functions of, [152]

interest, [158]

loans of, [154]

money, [157]

national, [151], [155]

pass books of, [153]

powers of, [152]

private, [151]

rights of, in case of forged, altered, lost, or stolen checks, [154]

savings, [156]

state, [151]

trust companies, [156]

usury, [160]

Bankruptcy

acts of, [35]

definition of, [35]

involuntary, [35]

revokes agency, [59]

voluntary, [35]

Barter, distinguished from sale, [181]

Bearer, negotiable instrument payable to, [112]

Beneficiary of trust, [266], [269]

Bequeath, definition of, [287]

Bilateral contract, definition of, [19]

Bill of exchange, definition of, [116]

Bill of lading

definition of, [227]

negotiability of, [227]

valuation, [226]

Blank indorsement, [124]

Boarding housekeeper not an innkeeper, [235]

Bona fide holder of negotiable instrument, [135]

Bonds

coupon, [118]

definition of, [118]

form of, [118]

registered, [118]

Breach of contract, [280]

Brokers

definition of, [55]

insurance, [55]

stock, [55]

real estate, [57]

By-laws of corporations, [103]

C

Capital of national banks, [293]

Capital stock

of corporations, [103]

decreasing, [105]

increasing, [105]

Capitalization of corporations, [103]

Carrier

Act of God, [225]

charges of, [230]

common, [223]

defined, [223]

delivery of goods by, [229]

delivery of goods to, [193]

discrimination by, [230]

of goods, [223]

implied liability of, [224]

interstate commerce act, [231]

liability as insurer, [223]

lien of, [230]

limiting liability, [225]

of mail, [230]

negligence of shipper, [225]

private, [223]

public enemy, [225]

stoppage in transitu, [229]

title to goods in possession of, [227]

Carrier of passengers

baggage, [233]

definition of, [232]

degree of care required of, [233]

right to eject passengers, [233]

rights and liabilities of, [233]

Casualty insurance, definition of, [166]

Caveat Emptor, rule of, in sales, [188]

Certificate of protest, [136]

Certificates of deposit, [121]

Certificates of stock, [101]

Certification of checks, [118]

Cestui que trust

definition of, [265]

rights and liabilities of, [269]

Charter of corporations, [92]

Chattel mortgage, [1]

definition of, [247]

distinguished from pledge, [218]

distinguished from sale, [218]

filing and recording, [220]

form of, [250]

mortgagee, [218]

mortgagor, [218]

parties to, defined, [218]

possession of property, [218]

redemption, [221]

rights of mortgagee, [221]

rights of mortgagor, [220]

as security for a debt, [219]

title in mortgagee, [218]

Chattel real, definition of, [274]

Chattels

definition of, [128]

personal, [128]

real, [128]

Checks

on banks, [153]

certification of, [118]

definition of, [117]

when returned, [153]

Child may be agent, [40]

Choses

in action, [178], [182], [219]

in possession, [178], [182], [219]

Circulation, banks of, [151]

Clearing houses, [157]

Codicil, definition of, [294]

Cognovit promissory notes, [120]

Collateral promissory note, [120]

Collateral securities, definition of, [283]

Combination of capital distinguished from trusts, [265]

Commercial law, definition of, [13]

Compensation of agent, [44]

Conditional sale, definition of, [181]

Conflict of laws in contracts, [30]

Consideration

adequate, [17]

in contracts of suretyship, [173]

definition of, [17]

good, [17]

illegal, [17]

in negotiable instruments, [132]

past, [17]

to trust agreement, [321]

valuable, [17]

Consolidation of corporations, [98]

Constitution

definition of, [12]

English, [12]

limitation of, [95]

Constructive trusts, definition of, [268]

Continuing guaranty, definition of, [175]

Contract

acceptance to, [15]

as affected by duress, [28]

as affected by frauds, [28]

as affected by mistake, [29]

agreement in, [15]

assignment of, [31]

bilateral, [19]

breach of, [34]

competent parties, [16]

consideration to, [17]

by correspondence, [25], [26]

definition of, [14]

dependent covenants in, [34]

discharge of, [33]

of drunkards, [22]

elements of, [15]

executed, [19]

executory, [19]

express, definition of, [18]

forms of, [38]

of idiots, [22]

illegal, [27]

implied, [18]

independent covenants in, [34]

of infants, [20]

of insane persons, [22]

of married women, [22]

mutuality in, [19]

offer to, [15]

parties to, [16]

of partnership, [77]

remedies for breach of, [36]

rescission of, [34]

signing of, by corporation, [108]

specific performance of, [37]

statu quo in, [34]

Sunday, [27]

by telegraph, [25], [26]

trust created by, [266]

under seal, [27]

unilateral, [19]

voidable, [20]

warranty in, [34]

will not a contract, [288]

Corporation

act through agents, [39]

by-laws of, [103]

calls and assessments of, [104]

capitalization of, [103]

certificates of stock of, [101]

charter of, [92], [95]

common stock of, [105]

consolidation of, [98]

creation of, [92]

de facto, [96]

definition of, [90]

directors of, [102]

dissolution of, [111]

distinguished from partnership, [90]

dividends of, [106]

estoppel of, [95]

foreign, [110]

franchise of, [90]

kinds of, [94]

meetings and elections of, [99]

names of, [93]

nature of, [90]

object of, [90]

officers and agents of, [107]

organization of, [92]

powers of, [91]

preferred stock of, [105]

promoters of, [96]

regulation of, [103]

reorganization of, [197]

resolution of, [103]

revocation of franchise of, [91]

seal of, [91], [108]

stockholders of, [100]

ultra vires acts of, [109]

voting at meetings of, [99]

watered stock, [105]

Counterclaim good against assignee, [274]

Coupon bonds, [118]

Courts

appeal from one court to another, [298]

classification of, [296]

definition of, [296]

reports, [12]

Covenants

in deeds, [245]

dependent, [34]

express, [273]

implied, [273]

independent, [34]

of leases, [273]

Creditor to suretyship contract, [169]

Credits, definition of, [154]

Crime, agency to commit, [42]

Crimes of corporations, [185]

Criminal, [13]

Cumulative voting at corporate meetings, [99]

Custom as part of contract, [22]

Customs make law, [11], [12]

D

Damages, definition of, [13]

Death

of partner, [87]

revokes agency, [59]

Debts

of another, [169]

secured by chattel mortgage, [219]

secured by mortgage, [257]

transfer of, [261]

Deeds

acknowledgment of, [246]

conclusion of, [245]

covenants in, [245]

definition of, [243]

description of property in, [244]

formal parts of, [243]

habendum clause, [245]

indentures, [243]

as mortgages, [256]

premises of, [244]

quit claim, [246]

redendum clause, [245]

signature of, [245]

trust created by, [266]

warranties in, [245]

witnesses to, [245]

De facto corporation, [96]

Defenses, [132]

Del credere agency, [56]

Delivery

in escrow, [258]

of goods, [193], [229]

of mortgages, [258]

of personal property sold, [184]

Deposit

indorsement for, [129]

banks of, [151]

Devise, definition of, [287]

Devisor, definition of, [287]

Discharge of contract

by bankruptcy, [35]

by breach, [34]

by performance, [33]

by subsequent agreement, [34]

by tender, [33]

Discount, definition of, [158]

Dishonor, notice of, in negotiable instruments, [36]

Dissolution of partnership, [87]

Distress, definition of, [273]

Distribution of assets of partnership, [88]

Dividends of corporations, [106]

Divisions of law, [12]

Domestic exchange, [158]

Dower estates

definition of, [31]

cannot be taken away by will, [288]

Draft

definition of, [116]

presentment and acceptance of, [133]

Drawee of negotiable instrument, [122]

Drunkard

contracts of, [22]

cannot enter into partnership, [78]

Duration of estates, [239]

Duress

as affecting wills, [289]

as defense to payment of negotiable instrument, [131]

as defense to suretyship contract, [176]

definition of, [28]

Duties

of agent to principal, [46]

of partners to each other, [84]

of partners to third persons, [85]

of principal to agent, [44]

E

Election of corporations, [99]

Elements of a contract, [15]

Emblements, definition of, [236]

Enemy, public, as affecting carrier, [225]

Equity

courts of, [37], [300]

definition of, [37]

of redemption in chattel mortgages, [221]

of redemption in real estate, [263]

Estate, trust, [265]

Estates in land, [239]

Estoppel,

of corporation from denying existence, [95]

partnerships by, [77]

Exchange

barter, [181]

definition of, [158]

of goods not a sale, [181]

Executed contract, definition of, [19]

Execution

of contracts of corporations, [108]

definition of, [300]

of leases, [273]

of negotiable instruments, [108]

Executory contract, definition of, [19]

Exempt property, [206]

Express contract, definition of, [18]

Express trusts, definition of, [266]

F

F. O. B., definition of, [227]

Factors, definition of, [54]

Federal court, [297]

Fee simple estates, definition of, [239]

Females, legal age of, [16]

Fictitious name of partnership, [79]

Fidelity insurance, definition of, [169]

Foreclosure of chattel mortgages, [222]

Foreclosure of mortgages, [264]

Foreign corporation, [110]

Foreign exchange, [158]

Forfeiture of leases, [279]

Forgery

of negotiable instruments, [130]

ratification of, [42]

Forms

of bond, [119]

of certificates of deposit, [121]

of certificates of protest, [136]

of certificates of stock, [101]

of cognovit note, [120]

of collateral note, [120]

of contract, [38]

of judgment note, [120]

of partnership agreement, [89]

of will, [296]

Franchise of corporation, [90]

Fraud

defense, of in suretyship, [176]

definition of, [28]

effect of, upon lease, [277]

effect of, on sale, [188]

renders contract voidable, [28]

Freehold estates, definition of, [239]

G

Gambling contracts void, [28]

Gift of personal property, [179]

Government warehouses, [209]

Grace, days of, [134]

Guarantor

contract of, [171]

notices to, [175]

Guaranty

continuing, [175]

general, [175]

letter of, [175]

limited, [175]

special, [175]

Guests, duty of innkeeper to receive, [235]

H

Habendum clause in deed, [245]

Hereditaments, [236]

Highways, how established, [238]

Holder in due course of negotiable instrument, [135]

Holographic wills, [293]

Homestead estates, [241]

Hotelkeeper (see Innkeeper), [235]

I

Idiot

contracts of, [22]

cannot enter into partnership, [78]

cannot be a principal, [40]

relation to contract, [16]

Illegal acts cannot be ratified, [42]

Illegal agencies void, [42]

Illegal consideration, [17]

Illegal contracts, [27]

Implied contract, definition of, [18]

Implied contract of bailment, [206]

Implied trusts, definition of, [267]

Implied warranty, definition of, [189]

Indemnity in suretyship, [178]

Indorser

anomalous, [130]

blank, [124]

for collection, [129]

contract of, in suretyship, [172]

for deposit, [129]

in full, [126]

irregular, [172]

liability of, [130]

without recourse, [128]

Infant

may be agent, [40]

contracts of, [20]

definition of, [40]

may be partner, [78]

cannot be principal, [40]

may be trustee, [265]

Infringement of trade mark, [283]

Innkeeper

definition of, [235]

duties and liabilities of, [235]

lien of, [236]

Innocent purchaser for value without notice, [135]

Insane person may be agent, [40]

Insane person to contract, [16]

Insane person cannot be partner, [78]

Insolvency of purchaser, [193]

Insurable interest, definition of, [162]

Insurance

assignment of, [167]

broker, [55]

contract, [160]

definition of, [160]

fidelity and casualty, [166]

kinds of, [162]

life policies, [165]

marine policies, [165]

open policy, [168]

representations in contracts of, [164]

standard policies, [166]

suicide clauses in policy of, [166]

term policies, [165]

tontine policies, [165]

underwriter's, [161]

valued policy, [168]

warranties in contracts of, [173]

who must pay on leased premises, [271]

Interstate commerce act, [231]

Involuntary bankruptcy, [35]

Irrevocable agencies, [59]

J

Joint liability of parties, [32]

Judgment

definition of, [300]

promissory note, [120]

Justice of peace court, definition of, [299]

L

Landlord and tenant

attornment, [274]

definition of, [269]

implied warranty, [270]

lease, [269]

notice, [279]

rent, [272]

taxes, repairs, and insurance, [271]

Law

administrative, [13]

commercial, [13]

constitutional, [12]

criminal, [13]

definition of, [11]

division of, [12]

private, [13]

public, [13]

sources of, [12]

statute, [12]

unwritten, [12]

written, [12]

Law merchant, [113]

Leases

acknowledgment of, [273]

assignment of, [269]

covenants of, [273]

definition of, [269]

forfeiture of, [279]

form of, [273]

recording, [273]

signing, [273]

termination of, [279]

transfer of, [274]

witnessing, [273]

Legal tender, [33], [157]

Legatee, definition of, [287]

Lessee, definition of, [269]

Lessor, definition of, [269]

Liabilities

of agent and principal, [46]

of agent to third person, [47]

of partners to each other, [84]

of principal to agent, [44]

of undisclosed principal, [48]

Lien

of bailee, [212]

of carrier, [230]

at common law, [212]

how enforced, [212]

of innkeeper, [236]

seller's, [193]

Life estates, [240]

Life policies of insurance, [165]

Limited partnership, [89]

Loans, definition of, [154]

Lost wills, how proven, [294]

M

Magistrate, court of, definition of, [299]

Males, legal age of, [16]

Marine insurance, definition of, [165]

Married women, contracts of, [22]

Membership, changes of, in partnership, [86]

Mercantile agencies, definition of, [154]

Minds, meeting of, [15]

Mistake of fact, [29]

Mistake of law, [29]

Money, definition of, [157]

Mortgagee, definition of, [218], [256]

Mortgages

debt secured by, [257]

deeds as, [256]

definition of, 255

delivery of, [258]

elements of, [258]

equity of redemption, [263]

foreclosure of, [264]

parties to, [256]

of personal property, [218]

recording, [260]

satisfaction of, [262]

transfer of, [261]

Mortgagor

definition of, [256]

rights of, [220]

Mutuality in contracts, [19]

N

National banks

capital of, [155]

how created, [155]

U. S. corporation, [92]

Necessaries, definition of, [20]

Negligence

gross, [210]

liability of agent for, [46]

ordinary, [210]

of shipper, [225]

slight, [210]

Negotiable instruments

bona fide holder of, [135]

definition of, [112]

forgery of, [130]

origin of, [112]

parties to, [122]

presentment and acceptance, [133]

presentment for payment of, [135]

promissory notes, [114]

purpose of, [112]

requisites of, [122]

signing, by corporations, [108]

Negotiability

of bill of lading, [227]

definition of, [112]

distinguished from assignability, [113]

Note

cognovit, [120]

collateral, [120]

definition of, [114]

judgment, [120]

Nuncupative wills, [293]

O

Open insurance, [168]

Oral assignment of leases, [274]

Oral contract, [41]

Organization of corporation, [92]

Ostensible partner, definition of, [79]

P

Partners

agreement of, [81]

definition of, [77]

distribution of assets of, [88]

duties of, to each other, [84]

kinds of, [79]

powers of, [82]

property of, [82]

survivorship of, [87]

withdrawal of, [86]

Partnership, [77-90]

Pass book of banks, [153]

Pawnbrokers, [55]

Payee of negotiable instrument, [122]

Partial assignments, [274]

Perpetual succession of corporation, [91]

Perpetuities, rule against, [239]

Personal property

definition of, [178]

mortgages of, [218]

possession of, [179]

sale of, [179]

title to, [179]

transfer of, [179]

Pledgee, definition of, [214]

Pledges, definition of, [213]

Pledgor, definition of, [214]

Preferred stock, [105]

Principal, definition of, [39]

Q

Quit claim deed, definition of, [246]

Quorum at corporate meetings, [99]

R

Real property, definition of, [236]

Redemption

equity of, in real estate mortgage, [263]

mortgagor's right of, in chattel mortgage, [221]

of pledged property, [217]

Redendum clause in deed, [245]

Registration of corporation, [103]

Registration of trade marks, [286]

Reinsurance, definition of, [167]

Remainder, estates in, [212]

Rent

action by landlord to recover, [281]

definition of, [272]

when payable, [272]

Reorganization of corporation, [97]

Rescission

of contract, definition of, [34]

of sale by reason of fraud, [188]

Revocation of agency, [58]

Revocation of offer, [25]

Revocation of wills, [294]

Rights, definition of, [11]

S

Sale

caveat emptor, [188]

definition of, [179]

distinguished from bailment, [182]

implied warranty, [190]

of pledged property, [214]

of trade mark, [283]

Savings banks

definition of, [156]

deposits in, [152]

pass books of, [153]

Seal

contract under, [27]

definition of, [27]

private, [27]

use of, by corporation, [108]

Signature

of agent to written instruments, [53]

to deeds, [245]

to a will, [291]

Silent partner, definition of, [79]

Spoliated wills, how proven, [294]

Statu quo, definition of, [35]

Statute of Frauds

as affecting contracts, [23]

agency contracts within, [41]

as applied to leases, [273]

contracts of suretyship within, [174]

partnership contracts within, [78]

in sales, [183]

Statutes, definition of, [12]

Stock

common, [105]

increasing and decreasing, [105]

preferred, [105]

watered, [105]

Stockholders of a corporation, [102]

Stoppage in transitu, [193], [229]

Storage companies, [209]

Subagents, [51]

Subletting, [272]

Subrogation in suretyship, [177]

Sufferance

estates at, [242]

leases at, [277]

Sunday contracts illegal, [27]

Surety contract of, [170]

Surety companies, [177]

Suretyship, [169-178]

Survivorship in partnership, [87]

T

Taxes, [271]

Tearing wills, [294]

Telegraph, contracts by, [25]

Tenancies

at sufferance, [277]

from year to year, [278]

for years, [275]

at will, [277]

Tenant, definition of, [269]

Tender, definition of, [33]

Tenements, definition of, [236]

Testament, definition of, [287]

Testator, definition of, [287]

Third persons

contracts for benefit of, [21]

property held for benefits of, [265]

Title to negotiable instruments, [215]

Title to

personal property, [179]

pledged property, [215]

real property, [243]

trust property, [266]

Tontine policies of insurance, [165]

Torts, [46], [111]

Trade marks, [282]

Trade name, [284]

Transitu, stoppage in, [193], [229]

Treaties, definition of, [12]

Trust companies, definition of, [156]

Trustees, [265]

Trusts, [265]

beneficiary of, [266]

classified, [265]

consideration to, [267]

how created, [266]

U

Ultra vires acts of corporation, [109]

Underwriter, definition of, [161]

Undisclosed principal, [48]

Unfair trade, [285]

Unilateral contract, definition of, [19]

Universal agents, [43]

Unwritten law, [12]

Usury, [160]

V

Valued insurance, [168]

Verdict, definition of, [300]

Voluntary bankruptcy, [36]

Voting by proxy, [99]

W

Wagering contracts void, [28]

Warehousemen, [209]

Warranties

in deeds, [245]

in insurance contract, [164]

Warranty

in contracts, [34]

deeds, [244]

express, [189]

implied, [190]

Watered stock of corporations, [105]

Wife, dower of, [288]

Will

ademption, [295]

codicil, [294]

creation of trusts by, [266]

definition of, [287]

duress, [290]

estates at, [242]

form of, [296]

holographic, [293]

leases at, [277]

nature of, [288]

nuncupative, [293]

publication of, [292]

revocation of, [294]

signature to, [291]

statutes regulating making of, [288]

who may make, [289]

witnessing, [291]

Witnesses

to deeds, [245]

to a will, [291]

Written law, [12]

TRANSCRIBER'S NOTES

—Obvious print and punctuation errors were corrected.

—The transcriber of this project created the book cover image using the title page of the original book. The image is placed in the public domain.