Chapter CLXIX. FOOTNOTES INDEX Æthiopia , coast of, [35] , [41] , [43] , [53] Africa , west coast, Vespucci on, [xli] , [35] , [43] , [53] Africus , a course, [52] Albizi , Francisco degli, a tall man, natives compared to, [27] Alseshij , a name in the Vianelo letter, [59] Altitudes of heavenly bodies, observations, [44] America , objection of Las Casas and Herrera to the name, [xxxix] , [76] Animals enumerated as seen in the first voyage, [17] , [87] Antarctic Circle , approach to, [39] , [45] Antiglia , or Antilla, [xxiv] , [xxxvi] n. , [29] , [83] , [107] (see Española )Astrolabe , [45] , [65] Atlantic , passages across, [3] , [21] , [36] , [43] , [53] Ayarayte , cacique, [96] Azores , [xlii] , [41] Badajoz commission, [viii] n. , [xv] Bahamas , [xxvii] Bahia , [xliii] , [53] Balboa , Vasco Nuñez de, [xv] Bandini , his Life of Vespucci, [ii] Baptisms performed by Vespucci and his companions, [17] ;comments of Las Casas, [88] Bastidas , Rodrigo de, evidence respecting the voyage of Pinzon and Solis, [109] , [113] Bello , Pero, one of Roldan's boat's crew, [105] Benvenuti , Benvenuto di Domenico, requested Vespucci to write to Soderini, bearer of the letter, [2] , [56] Berardi , Juan, employed Vespucci, [iv] , [31] ;his contract to supply ships, [iv] , [v] ; suggestion that his ships were used for the voyage of Vespucci, [xxv] Bermuda (see Iti ), first appearance on the map, [xxxviii] ;discovered by Juan Bermudez, ib. Besechiece , on the coast of Africa, [xli] , [35] (see Biseghier )Birds seen in the first voyage, [17] ;comments of Las Casas, [88] Biseghier , or Bezequiche, [43] Bobadilla , [xv] Bolaños , one of Roldan's boat's crew, [105] Book of Vespucci (see Four Voyages )Brabo , Hernan, one of Roldan's boat's crew, [105] Brasil in Española, Hojeda at, [80] , [97] , [98] Brazil , coast of, Vespucci on, [xii] , [xli] , [36] ;natives, [36] , [37] , [45] , [46] ; cannibals, [37] , [38] , [47] ; trees, [39] , [48] ; fort built, [55] Cabot , Sebastian, as to observations of Vespucci, [viii] n. Cabral , Pedro Alvarez, met Portuguese expedition on return from India, [xli] n. Cadiz , Vespucci sent as a commercial agent to, [iv] ;Cahay , [104] Calicut , [53] Camarona , province, Pinzon and Solis at, [109] Canaria Gran , Vespucci at, distance from Lisbon, [4] , [21] ;Cancer , Tropic of, [17] Canna fistola , tree, [39] Cannibals , [32] , [37] , [38] , [47] Canoe , chase of, in the Gulf of Paria, [23] Canopus , [49] Canovai , Life of Vespucci by, [iii] Cape Verde , [43] , [44] Cape Verde Isles , [21] , [28] , [53] , [69] Capricorn , Tropic, [39] , [48] Carabi , a native word mentioned by Vespucci, [xxiii] , [xxix] , [17] , [89] Caria , mountains, [xxxiii] , [109] , [112] Cariaco , gulf, [x] , [92] Caribs , [32] Carnesecchi , priest who brought news of Geronnica Vespucci, [iv] Carvajal , Alonso de, [102] Cassia trees, [29] Cazabi , food of natives, [xxiii] , [xxx] , [11] Cerezo , Maria, wife of Vespucci, pension, [xv] Chabaca , Pinzon and Solis voyage, [xxxiii] , [109] -[10] Chart , [45] (see Padron Real ), [64] , [65] Climates as divisions of the globe referred to by Vespucci, [4] , [17] , [35] Coelho , Gonzalo, expedition to Brazil, Vespucci not with him, [xlii] , [52] n. Columba , name proposed by Las Casas instead of America, [76] Columbus , Christopher: Government broke faith with, [v] Vespucci contracted for voyages of, [vi] Mentioned once by Vespucci, [vi] , [xii] , [29] Letter to his son in which Vespucci is mentioned, [57] True discoverer of the mainland, [68] , [69] , [75] , [78] , [113] , [114] At San Domingo when Hojeda arrived on the coast, [98] Columbus , Diego, lawsuit, efforts made to show that others made discoveries besides the Admiral, [xxxiv] ;Columbus , Fernando, possessed a copy of the printed letters of Vespucci, [xxxv] , [84] Coquibacoa , province, [33] , [91] , [96] , [98] Cosa , Juan de la, with Hojeda, [viii] , [31] , [71] , [73] , [85] , [96] ;Cosmographiæ Introductio , [xviii] Course (see Winds )Crocodiles (see Lagartos )Cumana , [91] Cuquibacoa (see Coquibacoa )Curaçoa , isle (see Isla de los Gigantes ), [33] Dante , quoted by Vespucci, [vii] , [3] D'Avezac , his opinion of Vespucci, [i] Dominica (see Iti )Drago , Boca del, [x] , [30] , [32] , [72] , [79] , [87] ;on the map of Juan de la Cosa, [xi] Escobar , Diego de, sent by Roldan to negotiate with Hojeda, [103] , [104] Española , arrival of Vespucci at, [29] ;Ethiopia , coast, [35] , [41] , [43] , [53] Ethiopic Promontory , so called by Ptolemy, [43] Ferdinand , King, alleged to have sent Vespucci, [2] , [3] , [35] , [72] ;Fernando Noronha , isles, shipwreck at, [xlii] , [53] , [54] Fish , loaves made of, [14] , [87] Fishery of "parchi" on the African coast, [35] "Flechado ," Puerto, of Hojeda, [33] Florida , concession to Ponce de Leon, evidence against Vespucci from, [xxxviii] Fonseca , Bishop of Palencia, sent Hojeda, [vii] , [31] , [70] , [77] ;Food of natives, [11] Fortunate Isles , [4] , [43] Four Voyages , book supposed to have been written by Vespucci, [xxi] , [11] , [16] , [39] , [51] , [55] Fruits , [17] , [88] ;Fuoco , isle, [21] Galitut (see Calicut )Garcia , Antonio, a pilot, his evidence, [109] ;Cristoval of Palos' evidence, [30] n. Gigantes , Islas de, [xi] , [31] , [33] ;same as Curaçoa, [33] ; on map of Juan de la Cosa, [xi] (see Island of Giants ) Giocondo , Giuliano di Bartolomeo di, sent to bring Vespucci to Portugal, [xi] , [35] ;translated Medici letter into Latin, [xv] , [52] ; not mentioned in Portuguese archives, [xi] Goes , Damian de, silence respecting Vespucci, [xl] Golfo Dolce , [111] Gomara , his statement that many vessels took advantage of the concession in breach of the rights granted to Columbus, [v] ;statement that Pinzon was on the Honduras coast before Columbus, [xxxii] Gorée , or Besechiece (which see), [35] n. Gracia , name given by Columbus, [68] , [70] Gracias a Dios , Cape, [109] Guadalupe (see Iti )Guanaja , isle, Pinzon and Solis at, [xxxiii] , [108] , [110] , [111] Guarapiche , river, [32] Harrisse , Mr., unable to find entries respecting Vespucci, referred to by Muñoz, [v] n. ;established the correct date and direction of the voyage of Pinzon and Solis, [xxxiii] Hatteras , Cape, [xxvii] Herrera , on the voyage of Pinzon and Solis, [xxxii] ;protest against the name of America, [xxxix] Hispaniola (see Española )Hojeda , Alonso de, his evidence respecting his voyage, [30] ;dispatch of his expedition, [vi] , [31] , [85] ; had the chart of Columbus, [32] ; voyage, [x] , [32] , [34] ; dispute with Roldan, [34] ; sent out by Fonseca, [31] , [70] , [79] ; date of his departure, [78] ; Las Casas on his voyage, [85] , [91] ; conduct at Española, [x] , [98] -[106] ; intrigues at Xaragua, [101] , [102] ; kidnapping natives, [10] , [11] ; outwitted by Roldan, [105] Honduras coast reached by Pinzon and Solis, [xxxiii] Humboldt , opinion of Vespucci, [i] Hylacomylus (see Waldzeemüller )Ignami , name of native food, [xxiii] , [xxx] , [11] , [13] , [14] Iguana , description of, [14] Illanes , Pedro de, one of Roldan's boat's crew, [105] Indians , Vespucci's account of, at his first landfall, [5] ;appearance, arms, wars, women, large houses, [8] , [9] ; burial, food, cannibals, [10] , [11] ; dealings with, at a village like Venice, [12] ; encounter with, [13] ; hospitality, curiosity, [16] ; at the "finest harbour in the world", [18] ; encounters with, at Iti, [19] , [20] , [94] ; carried off to sell as slaves, [21] , [95] ; at Trinidad, [24] ; habit of chewing leaves, [25] , [26] ; make beer from fruit, [24] ; [27] (see Brazil )Irving , Washington, opinion of Vespucci, [i] Island , natives chewing green leaves on, [25] , [26] ;Iti , islands, [19] ;encounters with natives, [19] , [20] , [94] ; name, [19] n. ; natives carried off as slaves, [21] , [95] ; loss of Spaniards at, [21] ; believed by Las Casas to be Dominica or Guadalupe, [93] ; supposed by Varnhagen to be Bermuda, [xxvii] Jocundus (see Giocondo )Juca , name of food of natives, [xxiii] , [xxx] , [11] (see Yoca )La Ballena , Gulf of, [68] (see Paria )Lagartos , or crocodiles, [91] Landfall of alleged first voyage, [4] ;Lariab , name in Italian edition for Parias , [xxiii] , [xxx] , [xxxi] , [17] Las Casas on the alleged first voyage of Vespucci, [i] , [68] ;objection to the name America, [xxxix] , [76] ; proofs of the untruthfulness of Vespucci, [viii] , [xxxix] , [83] , [87] , [89] , [93] , [97] , [107] ; comments on baptisms by Vespucci, [88] ; his account of the conduct of Hojeda at Española, [x] , [98] -[106] ; evidence from Roldan that the encounter, when one Spaniard was killed and about twenty wounded, was during Hojeda's voyage, [xxix] , [81] ; on the voyage of Pinzon and Solis, [xxxii] , [111] Latitude of Canaria, of landfall on first voyage, [4] ;of land reached in first voyage, [17] ; of landfall on second voyage, [22] ; wrong latitude for coast of Spanish main, [29] ; of Besechiece, [35] ; of landfall on coast of Brazil, [36] ; of Cape St. Augustine, [viii] n. , [38] ; beyond the Tropic of Capricorn, [39] , [45] ; of land sighted far south, [40] ; marvellous latitude for Malacca, [53] ; of the fort on the coast of Brazil, [55] Lawsuit of Diego Columbus, evidence of Hojeda, [30] ;Leaves , habit of chewing, [25] , [26] Ledesma , Pedro de, his age, [xxxiii] ;Leon , Ponce de, concession to discover Florida, [xxxviii] Linares , Toribio de, detained Hojeda, [104] Lisbon , Vespucci at, when he wrote to Soderini, [vii] , [2] ;distance from Gran Canaria, [4] ; Vespucci sailed from, [xi] , [35] ; return, [41] ; sailed a second time, [xlii] , [52] ; return, [56] ; distance to equator, [50] ; Vespucci at, when the Cantino map was drawn, [xxxvi] Longitude , alleged observation for, landfall for first voyage, [4] Lorraine , Duke of (see Réné )Malacca , departure of Vespucci to discover, [53] ;Mandraga , [43] Manoel , King of Portugal, voyage of Vespucci by order of, [2] Maracaibo (see San Bartolomé )Maracapana , [91] , [96] Margarita , isle, [x] , [30] , [72] , [73] , [89] , [91] , [96] ;on the map of Juan de la Cosa, [xi] Martyr , Peter, direction of the voyage age of Pinzon and Solis fixed by his mention of Chabaca and Pintigron, [xxxiv] ;evidence of, [74] , [79] ; opinion of Vespucci, [viii] ; evidence that Vespucci helped in the Cantino map, [xxxvii] n. Mecænas , alluded to by Vespucci, [vii] , [2] Medici Letter , [xii] , [xv] , [42] ;Medici , Lorenzo Pietro Francesco, [iv] , [xii] , [xv] , [42] Melaccha (see Malacca )Mendez , Diego, [57] Mini , Lisabetta, mother of Vespucci, [iii] Montoya , one of Roldan's boat's crew, [105] Morales , Andres de, evidence of, [96] , [97] , [113] Muñoz , opinion of Vespucci, [i] ;mention of entries respecting Vespucci, [v] Myrrh , [39] Natives (see Indians, Brazil )Nativity , Bay of, named by Pinzon and Solis, [109] , [112] Navarrete , opinion of Vespucci, [i] ;suggested Tristan d'Acunha as the southern land of Vespucci, [40] n. New World , coast of Brazil so called by Vespucci, [xvi] -[xviii] , [42] Niccolini , Donato, sent to Spain with Vespucci, [iv] Orinoco , Hojeda off the mouth of, [x] Ovando , [xiv] Oviedo , statement that Pinzon was on the Honduras coast before Columbus, [xxxii] ;discrepancy between his statement and that of Vespucci respecting the number of ships, supposing Vespucci to have sailed with Pinzon and Solis, [xxxiii] Padron Real , chart so called, corrected periodically, to be kept at Seville for reference, [65] Parchi (see Fishery )Paria , visited by Hojeda, [x] , [30] , [31] ;Parias , name of a province visited by Vespucci in his alleged first voyage, [17] ;Pearls , [29] , [48] , [76] , [91] Pedrarias , [xiv] ;Giovanni Vespucci as pilot with, [xv] Penalosa , Francisco de, uncle of Las Casas, [77] Perez , Nicolas, evidence of, [109] Pilot Major , appointment of Vespucci, [xiv] , [64] ;to teach the pilots, [64] Pilots , with Hojeda, [31] ;orders respecting, [64] , [65] ; qualifications of, [ix] ; Giovanni Vespucci appointed, [xv] Pinelo , Treasurer, receipt for Vespucci, of money to pay sailors, [5] Pintigron , in voyage of Pinzon and Solis, [xxxiii] , [109] , [110] (see Martyr , Peter)Pintor , Juan, a deserter from Hojeda, [104] , [106] Pinzon , Vicente Yañez, evidence at the lawsuit, [xxxii] , [109] , [111] , [113] ;Pliny , quoted by Vespucci, [vii] , [2] , [48] Policletus , [vii] , [48] Portugal , King of (Manoel), sent for Vespucci, [xi] , [34] (see Vespucci );Vespucci hoped the King would return his journal, [51] Portuguese called Española by the name of Antilla or Antiglia , [xxxvi] n. , [29] n. , [107] ;Ptolemy , Vespucci mentions him as having called Cape Verde the "Ethiopic Promontory", [43] Puerto Flechado , [x] Réné II , Duke of Lorraine, Latin edition of the Vespucci letter dedicated to, [xii] , [xviii] , [1] n. , [69] , [71] , [84] Ringmann , [xliii] Rivers , inundated mouths, at landfall of Hojeda's voyage, [22] , [32] Robertson , opinion of Vespucci, [i] Roldan , Bartolomé, with Hojeda, [71] Roldan , Francisco, dispute with Hojeda, [34] , [78] , [80] -[81] ;report to Columbus, [81] ; sent by Columbus to watch Hojeda, [98] ; outwits Hojeda, [105] ; evidence as to killed and wounded in Hojeda's voyage, [xxix] , [81] Roquemes , in the Canaries, [96] Salvador , one of Roldan's boat's crew, [105] St. Augustine , Cape, [xli] , [viii] n. , [38] , [39] San Bartolomé , Gulf, [33] San Domingo , Bartolomé Roldan a citizen of, [71] ;Andres de Morales at, [96] ; news of Hojeda brought to Columbus at, [98] , [101] ; arrival of ships of Hojeda at San Domingo does not refer to the first voyage, when Vespucci was with him, [30] n. (see Española , Antilla ) San Lucar , [69] , [75] San Roman , Cape, [33] Santa , isles, name given by Columbus, [68] , [70] Santa Maria , Port of, [70] Santarem , Visconde, found no trace of the name of Vespucci in Portuguese archives, [xi] , [xl] n. Serra Leone , [xlii] , [41] , [53] Seville , Vespucci at, [iv] , [xi] , [xii] , [34] , [35] ;Soderini , Pietro, Gonfaloniere of Florence, [xii] , [xviii] , [1] , [2] Solis , Juan Diaz de, voyage with Pinzon, [xiv] , [xxxii] , [xxxiii] , [107] , [110] , [111] , [113] ;pension of Vespucci's widow paid out of salary, [xv] South Georgia , supposed to have been sighted by Vespucci, [xlii] n. , [40] Stars , observations in the South Hemisphere, [39] , [41] ;Tampico , Varnhagen places Vespucci at, [xxxvi] Trees in Brazil, [xli] (see Cassia , Canna fistola , Brazil )Trinidad , isle discovered by Columbus, [68] , [72] ;Tristan d'Acunha , [xlii] n. , [40] n. Truxillo , Diego de, detained by Hojeda, [104] Ulysses , death of, in Dante, referred to by Vespucci, [3] Ursa Major and Minor lost sight of, [39] , [40] Varnhagen , his work to rehabilitate Vespucci, [ii] , [xxvi] , [xxvii] , [xxxviii] , [xliv] ;[xix] ;his theory of Vespucci's first voyage, [xxvi] ; theory that Iti was Bermuda disproved, [xxvii] ; theory about Little Venice disproved, [xxviii] ; theory about Lariab, [xxx] ; theory about the voyage of Pinzon and Solis disproved, [xxxii] -[xxxiv] ; theory that Vespucci remained out after Hojeda returned disproved, [30] n. Vela , Cabo de la, Hojeda's furthest point, [x] , [33] , [90] , [96] , [97] ;on the map of Juan de la Cosa, [xi] Velasquez , Juan, [81] , [100] Venecia , Gulf of, [31] , [33] Venezuela , [x] , [33] , [91] , [96] , [98] Venice , village built on piles like, [xxviii] , [12] , [86] Veragua , [109] , [110] , [113] Verde , Cape, [xli] , [43] , [53] Vespucci , Amerigo, texts of his letters published by Varnhagen, [ii] ;life by Bandini, [ii] ; life by Canovai, [iii] ; Latin letter to his father, [iii] ; family, [iii] , [iv] ; employed by Medici and sent to Spain, employed to wind up affairs of Berardi, [iv] ; provision contractor, [v] ; resolution to give up commercial pursuits and go to sea, [vi] , [2] , [3] , [71] ; address to Soderini, [1] ; promoter of the voyage of Hojeda, [vii] , [21] ; smattering of classical learning, [vii] ; character, [viii] ; no claim to be considered a pilot, [ix] ; not mentioned in Portuguese archives, [xi] ; interview with Columbus, [xii] , [xiii] , [57] ; spurious letters of, [iii] n. , [xii] n. ; book alleged to have been written by, [xxi] , [11] , [16] , [39] , [51] , [55] ; summary of alleged first voyage, [xxii] ; course and distance, first voyage, [4] ; excursion into the interior, [15] ; statement as to latitudes and distances run, [17] ; sojourn in the "finest harbour in the world", [18] ; account of proceedings at Iti, [19] -[21] ; return from first voyage, [21] ; second voyage, [vi] , [21] ; adventure on the Isle of Giants, [27] , [28] ; arrival at "Antiglia" (Española), [29] ; complaint of treatment at Española, [30] , [83] , [107] ; with Hojeda, [viii] , [31] , [69] , [71] , [72] , [73] , [85] ; sent for by the King of Portugal, [34] ; sailed from Lisbon, [35] ; return, [41] ; letter to Medici, [42] ; boasts of his knowledge, of cosmography, [44] ; fanciful account of stars, [50] ; desire that the King of Portugal would return his journal, [51] ; departure on last Portuguese voyage, [52] ; abuse of his commander, [53] , [56] ; mistake of Vianelo respecting, [xiii] , [58] ; letter of naturalization, [xiii] , [61] ; appointment as chief pilot, [xiv] , [63] -[67] ; Las Caras on his first voyage, [68] , [69] ; injury to Columbus, [82] , [83] , [85] ; accounts of natives fictitious, [86] ; account of visit to Española false, [96] , [107] , [108] ; projected voyage with Pinzon, [xiii] ; Hispanicisms in his letter, [xix] , [xx] ; silence respecting comrades, [xx] ; evidence against first voyage, [xxv] , [xxxiv] , [xxxv] -[xxxvi] ; death of, [xv] Vespucci , Nastagio (Anastasio), father of Amerigo, [iii] Vespucci , Antonio, brother, [iv] , [xv] , [56] Vespucci , Bartolomeo, nephew, [iv] Vespucci , Giorgio Antonio, friar of St. Mark, master of Amerigo and Soderini, [iii] , [2] Vespucci , Geronimo, brother, [iv] Vespucci , Giovanni, nephew, became a pilot, [iv] ;evidence as to his uncle's observations, [viii] n. ; appointed pilot, [xv] ; Peter Martyr intimate with, [xxxviii] Vianelo , Hieronimo, Venetian Ambassador, letter giving an account of a voyage of Juan de la Cosa, [xiii] , [58] -[61] Voyages (see Four Voyages )Waldseemüller , Martin, or Hylacomylus , the editor of Cosmographiæ Introductio , suggested the name of America, [xviii] , [xliii] Winds , term used for courses, [19] Yaquimo , port in Española, Hojeda at, [33] , [80] , [97] , [98] Yuca , [xxiii] , [xxx] , [11] , [13] , [14] (see Juca )Yucatan , [iii] , [xxxii]