VII.
Boron ([Plate III], 4, and Plate [XI], 1).
The disintegration of boron is very simple: the funnels are set free and assume the spherical form, showing a central "cigar" and four globes each containing two triplets. The central globe is also set free with its four quintets, and breaks at once in two. On the meta level the "cigar" breaks up as usual, and the triplets separate. On the hyper level, the "cigar" follows its usual course, and the triplets become duads and units. The globe forms two quintets on the meta level, and these are resolved into triplets and duads.
Scandium ([Plate XI], 2).
In funnel A the "cigar" and the ovoids behave as in boron, but the "balloon," a 110 ([XI], 4), escapes from the funnel as it changes to a sphere, and holds together on the proto level; on the meta, it yields six globes each containing seven duads, and these are all set free as duads on the hyper level; the ovoid is also set free on the meta level becoming a sphere, and on the hyper level liberates its contained bodies, as two triplets, two quartets and two sextets.
In funnel B there is a quintet, that behaves like those in the globe of boron, on escaping from the funnel, in which the bodies remain on the proto level, with the exception of b 63, which escapes. On the meta level, c ([Plate XI], 4), c assumes a tetrahedral form with six atoms at each point, and these hold together as sextets on the hyper level. At the meta stage, b ([Plate XI], 4 b) sets free seven nine-atomed bodies, which become free triplets on the hyper. The central globe shows a cross at its centre, with the four quintets whirling round it, on the proto level. On the meta, the quintets are set free, and follow the boron type, while the cross becomes a quartet on the meta level, and two duads on the hyper.
Yttrium ([Plate XI], 3).
In yttrium, on the proto level, a 110 and b 63 both escape from the funnel, and behave as in scandium. The ovoids and "cigars," set free on the meta level, behave as in boron. The central globe breaks up as in gold ([pp. 49] and 50), four quartets being set free instead of two quartets and two triplets. We have only to consider e 8 and d 20 ([Plate XI], 4). E 8 is a tetrahedral arrangement of duads on the meta level, set free as duads on the hyper. D 20 is an arrangement of pairs of duads at the angles of a square-based pyramid on the meta, and again free duads on the hyper.
Nitrogen ([Plate XII], 1).
Nitrogen has nothing new to show us, all its constituents having appeared in scandium and yttrium.
Vanadium ([Plate XII], 2).
The A funnel of vanadium repeats the A funnel of scandium, with the addition of d 20, already studied. In the B funnel scandium B is repeated, with an addition of d 20 and a sextet for a quintet; the sextet is the c of the "nitrogen balloon." The central globe follows boron, save that it has a septet for its centre; this was figured in iodine ([p. 48]).
Niobium ([Plate XII], 3).
Niobium only differs from yttrium by the introduction of triplets for duads in e; on the meta level we have therefore triplets, and on the hyper each triplet yields a duad and a unit. The only other difference is in the central globe. The tetrahedra separate as usual, but liberate eight "cigars" instead of four with four quartets; the central body is simple, becoming three triads at the angles of a triangle on the meta level, and three duads and three units on the hyper.
Aluminium ([Plate XIII], 1).
The funnels let go the globes, but the eight ovoids remain within them, so that seven bodies are let loose on the proto level. When the ovoids are set free at the meta stage they become spherical and a nine-atomed body is produced, which breaks up into triangles on the hyper level. The globe becomes a cross at the meta stage, with one atom from the duads at each arm in addition to its own, and these form four duads on the hyper, and a unit from the centre.
Gallium ([Plate XIII], 2).
In gallium the funnel disappears on the proto level, setting free its two contained segments, each of which forms a cylinder, thus yielding twelve bodies on the proto level. On the meta, the three upper globes in each left-hand segment are set free, and soon vanish, each liberating a cigar and two septets, the quartet and triad uniting. On the hyper the quartet yields two duads but the triangle persists. The second set of bodies divide on the meta level, forming a sextet and a cross with a duad at each arm; these on the hyper level divide into two triangles, four duads and a unit. The seven-atomed cone becomes two triangles united by a single atom, and on the meta level these form a ring round the unit; on the hyper they form three duads and a unit.
In the right-hand segment, the same policy is followed, the four triads becoming two sextets, while the central body adds a third to the number. The second ring has a quartet instead of the sextet, but otherwise breaks up as does that of the left; the quintet at the base follows that of boron.
Indium ([Plate XIII], 3).
The complication of three segments of different types in each funnel does not affect the process of breaking up, and indium needs little attention. A is exactly the same as the left-hand funnel of gallium, save for the substitution of a globe containing the familiar "cigar" and two square-based pyramids. B is the same as the right-hand funnel of gallium, except that its lowest body consists of two square-based pyramids and a tetrahedron. All these are familiar.
Phosphorus ([Plate XIV], 1).
The atoms in the six similar spheres in the segments of the phosphorus funnel are arranged on the eight angles of a cube, and the central one is attached to all of them. On the meta level five of the nine atoms hold together and place themselves on the angles of a square-based pyramid; the remaining four set themselves on the angle of a tetrahedron. They yield, on the hyper level, two triads, a duad, and a unit. The remaining bodies are simple and familiar.
Arsenic ([Plate XIV], 2).
Arsenic shows the same ovoids and globe as have already been broken up in aluminium (see [ante]); the remaining sixteen spheres form nine-atomed bodies on the meta level, all similar to those of aluminium, thus yielding twelve positive and twelve negative; the globe also yields a nine-atomed body, twenty-five bodies of nine.
Antimony ([Plate XIV], 3).
Antimony follows closely in the track of gallium and indium, the upper ring of spheres being identical. In the second ring, a triplet is substituted for the unit, and this apparently throws the cross out of gear, and we have a new eleven-atomed figure, which breaks up into a triplet and two quartets on the hyper level. The lowest seven-atomed sphere of the three at the base is the same as we met with in copper.