The Ancient Volcanoes of Great Britain, Volume 2 (of 2)

by Archibald Geikie

INDEX

[[A]] [[B]] [[C]] [[D]] [[E]] [[F]] [[G]] [[H]] [[I]] [[J]] [[K]] [[L]] [[M]] [[N]]
[[O]] [[P]] [[R]] [[S]] [[T]] [[U]] [[V]] [[W]] [[Y]]

AA form of lava in the Sandwich Islands, ii. [187]
Abereiddy Bay, i. [206]
Abich, H., i. [32]
Acid igneous rocks, silica percentage of, i. [14];
devitrification of, [19];
flow-structure of, [21];
occur in thicker sheets than basic, [24];
alternations of, with basic, [28], [61], [152], [157], [165], [207], [213], [233], [284], [318]; ii. [236], [266], [278];
metamorphic action of, i. [95], [96];
connection with mountains, ii. [98];
scenery of, [102].
Acids, mineral, at volcanoes, i. [72]
Acland, Mr. H. D., i. [133]
Aegean Sea, volcanoes of, i. [1]
Agglomerates, i. [31], [57], [58];
in dykes, [70];
Archæan, [120], [130], [135];
Cambrian, [148], [149], [167];
Silurian, [178], [180], [181], [184], [185], [194], [199], [206], [214], [237], [241], [244], [247], [253], [255];
Old Red Sandstone, [279], [285], [289], [300], [313], [325], [338], [349], [352];
Carboniferous, [381], [399], [402], [404], [427], [429], [439], [440]; ii. [13], [24], [28], [29];
Permian, [62], [64], [99];
Tertiary, [194], [277], [278], [281], [289], [292], [293], [384], [400], [423]
Allan, T., i. [363]
Allotriomorphic minerals, i. [21]
Allport, Mr., i. [95], [130], [131], [260], [451]; [ii]. [11], [42], [102], [103], [104], [106], [370]
Amber in Tertiary volcanic series, ii. [198]
America, Western North, volcanic rocks of, i. [10], [100]; ii, [267]
Amygdales, origin of, i. [15]; ii. [189], [221], [285], [290]
Amygdaloidal structure, i. [15], [16], [17], [59], [274], [385]; ii. [3], [31], [57], [129], [188]
Analyses of Cambrian tuffs, i. [148], [149];
of Cambrian diabases, [153];
of Old Red Sandstone diabases, [274];
of Old Red Sandstone andesites, [275];
of Old Red Sandstone trachytes, [276];
of Old Red Sandstone felsites, [278];
of Carboniferous limburgite, [377];
of Carboniferous basalts, [379];
of Carboniferous trachytes, [380];
of Carboniferous phonolite, [381];
of Tertiary trachyte, ii. [139];
of Tertiary dacite, [244]
Anderson, Dr. Tempest, ii [261], [262], [263]
Andesite, i. [24], [131], [136], [164], [165], [167], [178], [180], [184], [189], [190], [204], [212], [213], [214], [215], [229], [230], [245], [246], [247], [252], [274], [275], (analyses), [277], [292], [300], [306], [309], [315], [318], [325], [330], [333], [345], [377], [379], [386], [403], [421]; ii. [45], [57], [96], [125], [137], [184], [236], [424]
Anglesey, gneisses and schists of, i. [126];
volcanic rocks of, [189], [219]
Anhydrite deposits, ii. [54]
Annandale, Permian volcanic rocks of, ii. [56], [58], [60], [61], [66]
Antrim, Old Red Sandstone volcanic rocks of, i. [314];
Tertiary volcanic rocks of, [47], [52]; ii. [109], [110], [113], [139], [140], [199];
basalts of, [192], [193], [199], [202], [206];
clays and iron-ore of, [204];
rhyolites of, [185], [364], [370], [371], [426], [445];
deceptive agglomerate of, [188];
rhyolitic conglomerate of, [195], [206];
plateau of, [199];
tuffs of, [202], [204];
vents of, [271], [277];
sills of, [298];
central subsidence of basalt-plateau of, [448]
Apatite, ii. [135]
Apjohn, J., [ii]. [42]
Applecross, volcanic vents in, ii. [292]
Arans, the, i. [175], [176], [179], [184], [186], [207]
Archæan period, i. [110], [111];
volcanic rocks of, [120]
Ardnamurchan, dykes and veins of, ii. [154], [320];
basalt-plateau of, [208];
vents of, [287];
sills of, [318];
gabbro of, [355]
Arenig group, i. [175];
lower limit of, [177], [185];
top of, [178], [228], [246]
—— volcano of, i. [42], [175], [176], [179], [186], [207]
—— rocks in Scottish Highlands, i. [123], [126];
in Merionethshire, [176], [179];
of Shropshire, [189];
of Ayrshire, [196];
of Scottish Highlands, [201];
of Anglesey, [221];
of Lake district, [229];
of Ireland, [239]
Argyll, Duke of, ii. [113], [114], [198]
Argyllshire, dykes of, ii. [127], [128], [138], [142], [146], [171], [172];
vents of, [278]
Arizona, explosion crater in, i. [58];
laccolites in, [86]
Arran, Old Red Sandstone volcanic rocks of, i. [298], [311];
Carboniferous volcanic rocks of, [386], [392];
possible Permian volcanic rocks of, ii. [58];
granite of, i. [93]; ii. [366], [367], [418];
pitchstone of, i. [19]; ii. [445];
dykes of, [123], [139], [140], [142], [146], [154], [161]
Arthur Seat, i. [364], [373], [378], [385], [386]; ii. [67]
"Arvonian," i. [145], [156]
Asbestos in volcanic breccia, ii. [51]
Ascension Island, cellular lava of, i. [15]
Ashes, volcanic (see [Tuffs])
Ashprington volcanic series, i. [262]
Asphalt, ii. [79]
Atherstone, i. [170]
Augite, loose crystals of, in volcanic vents, i. [62], [178], [181]; ii. [58], [79];
lumps of, in volcanic vents, i. [352]
Augite-aphanites, i. [178]
Auvergne, old volcanoes of, i. [29], [32], [66], [70], [100]; ii. [373]

Aveline, Mr. W. T., i. [227], [230]; ii. [32]
Ayrshire, example of volcanic neck in, i. [56];
Silurian volcanic rocks of, [192];
Old Red Sandstone volcanic rocks of, [275], [282], [283], [285], [291], [331];
Carboniferous volcanic plateau of, [102], [368], [388], [393], [398], [410];
Carboniferous Puys of, [415], [416], [434], [440], [474];
Permian volcanic rocks of, ii. [55], [58], [62]
Azoic period, i. [109]
Bäckström, Mr., ii. [266]
Baily, W. H., i. [251], [252]; ii. [198], [449]
Bala group, i. [175], [190], [196], [201], [206], [207], [223], [242];
limestone of, [47], [175], [229], [245], [251];
volcanic rocks of, [186], [190], [207], [213], [221], [241], [248]
Balbriggan, igneous rocks of, i. [244]
Ballagan beds (Lower Carboniferous), i. [384], [387], [392], [393], [412], [447]
Ballantrae, volcanic rocks at, i. [192], [199]
Ballypallidy, tuffs and leaf-beds of, ii. [204], [429]
Bamborough, Whin Sill at, ii. [2], [3], [5]
Banding of igneous rocks, i. [84], [207]; ii. [189], [294], [329], [354], [357], [476]
—— of gneiss, i. [116]
Bangor group, i. [166]
Banks, Sir Joseph, ii. [109]
Barnavave, eruptive rocks of, ii. [421]
Barrow, Mr. G., i. [201], [226], [272], [279], [380]; ii. [147], [148]
Basalt, columnar structure of, i. [24], [25];
relation to gabbro, [78];
altered by carbonaceous strata, [95];
shells supposed to occur in, ii. [110];
banded, [189];
thickness of sheets of, [192];
meaning of red layer between sheets of, [197], [203], [206], [254];
metamorphism of, [272], [276], [337], [339], [340], [347], [355], [356], [357], [358], [362], [378], [383], [386], [397], [399], [400], [404], [413]
—— pre-Cambrian, i. [119], [131];
Silurian, [206], [207], [230], [245];
Carboniferous, [378], [403], [407], [417]; ii. [11], [45], [46];
Permian, [57], [96];
Tertiary, [125], [136], [183], [199], [208], [291]
Basalt-conglomerate, ii. [195]
Basic volcanic rocks, silica-percentage of, i. [14];
devitrification of, [20];
flow-structure of, [21];
occur in thinner sheets than the acid, [24];
metamorphic action of, [94];
erupted at low levels, [98];
scenery of, [102];
converted into schists by deformation, [75], [114], [118], [119], [124], [129];
alternation with acid, [28], [61], [131], [157], [165], [207], [213], [233], [284], [318]; ii. [236], [266], [278]
Bass Rock, i. [372], [373], [403]
Bassenthwaite Lake, i. [335]
Bathgate, puy eruptions of, i. [440], [442], [445], [456], [461]
Bauer, Dr. M., i. [62]
Bauxite, ii. [197], [204]
Bayley, Mr. W. S., ii. [330]
Bedding in lavas, i. [24]
Bell, Sir I. Lowthian, ii. [1], [113], [137], [165]
Bemrose, Mr. H. A., ii. [10], [11], [13], [16], [17], [18], [20], [21]
Ben Cruachan, alteration of granite at, i. [343]
—— Hiant, basic sills of, ii. [318]
Benaun More, felsite of, i. [347]
Berger, J. F., ii. [22], [95], [110], [113], [139], [140], [141], [145], [199], [364], [426]
Bertrand, Prof. M., i. [28]
Berwickshire, i. [272], [290], [338], [375], [385], [401], [413]
Berwyn Hills, i. [176], [186], [208], [218]
Biggar, volcanic area, i. [287], [325]
Binney, E., ii. [56]
Binny Craig type of basalt, i. [419], [421] (444)
Biotite (see [Mica])
Bitumen in intrusive rocks, i. [421]
Blackstone (Derbyshire), ii. [18], [21]
Blair-Atholl Limestone, i. [122]
Blake, Rev. J. F., i. [126], [130], [144], [160], [161], [162], [163], [165], [166], [168], [220], [221], [222]
Blocks, ejected, i. [36], [423], [438]; ii. [197], [221]
Bole between lavas, i. 442; ii. [197], [203], [206], [254]
Bombay, volcanic plateau of, ii. [180]
Bombs, volcanic, i. [60]; ii. [39]
Bonney, Prof., i. [95], [126], [130], [136], [144], [160], [162], [163], [164], [165], [166], [167], [168], [192], [210], [227]
Borrowdale Volcanic Series, i. [227]
Bosses, volcanic, i. [56], [78], [88];
petrography of, [89];
differentiation in, [90]; ii. [476];
granitic, i. [93];
metamorphism around, [94], [95];
conditions of their intrusion, [97], [98];
weathering of, [102]
—— Silurian, i. [215], [235];
Old Red Sandstone, [277], [288];
Carboniferous, [403], [458]
—— Tertiary, ii. [271], [284], [327], [366], [378], [395], [403];
boundaries of, [382];
relation to older eruptive vents, [280], [384], [399];
relation to plateau basalts, [386], [396], [402], [404];
relation to gabbro intrusions, [391], [402], [404];
relation to the basic dykes, [395]
Bostonite, ii. [47]
Boué, Ami, i. [268], [363]; ii. [112], [372]
Boule, M., i. [27], [29], [44], [45], [46], [61]; ii. [375]
Boutan, M., i. [62]
Bowden Hill, type of doleritic basalt, i. [418], [421]
Braid Hills, great vent of, i. [289], [293], [311], [318], [323]
Branco, Prof. W., i. [46], [417]
Breccias, volcanic, i. [31], [32], [120], [131], [135], [147], [165], [189], [190], [197], [213], [224], [225], [233], [234], [246], [252], [255], [289], [347]; ii. [39], [41], [49], [195]
—— of non-volcanic materials, ii. [196], [423]
Brecciated structure, i. [162], [211]
Breidden Hills, i. [176], [190], [208]
Brent Tor, ii. [33], [35], [36]
Bréon, M. R., ii. [191]
Britain, advantageous position of, for the study of ancient volcanic action, i. [6];
completeness of the Geological Record in, [6];
direction of folds and fractures in, [11];
chief lavas found in, [31];
Vesuvian cones of, [42];
volcanic plateaux of, [43];
puys of, [46];
lacustrine volcanoes of, [49];
fissure eruptions of, [52];
scenery of volcanic rocks of, [100], [101];
pre-Cambrian rocks of, [111];
in Cambrian time, [141];
in Silurian time, [173];
in Devonian time, [258];
in Old Red Sandstone time, [263];
in Carboniferous time, [355];
in Permian time, ii. [53];
in older Tertiary time, [108]
Brögger, Prof., i. [28], [88], [90], [91], [92]
Bryce, J., i. [314], [369]
Buch, L. von, i. [27]; ii. [381]
Buckland, W., ii. [95], [110], [113]
Buddle, J., ii. [113]
Builth, i. [176], [203]
Burdiehouse Limestone, i. [361], [374], [388], [415], [463]
Burnt Country of Asia Minor, i. [2]

Burntisland, Binn of, i. [428], [429], [433], [435], [457], [459]
Burntisland Sill type of dolerite, i. [418], [421]
Busz, Mr. K., i. [261]
Bute, Isle of, i. [369], [378], [407]
Cadell, Mr. H. M., i. [114], [423]; ii. [334]
Cader Idris, volcanic rocks of, i. [42], [175], [176], [177], [178], [179], [180], [181], [182], [188], [207]
Caer Caradoc, i. [131], [132], [170]
Caerfai group (Cambrian), i. [155]
Caernarvonshire, volcanic rocks of, i. [159], [207]
Caithness Flags, i. [343], [352]
—— volcanic vents in, i. [352]
Calciferous Sandstones, i. [361], [366], [415]
Calcite as a matrix of tuffs, ii. [27], [39], [41]
Caldecote volcanic rocks, i. [170]
Callaway, Dr. C., i. [126], [130], [132], [134], [220], [221]
Calton Hill, lavas and tuffs of, i. [373], [378], [385], [386], [389]
Cambrian system, i. [112], [123], [133], [139], [143], [144];
volcanoes of, [145], [159]
Campbeltown, volcanic rocks of, i. [312], [386]
Campsie Fells, i. [102], [368], [369], [384], [386], [389], [393], [397], [398], [400], [403], [410], [412], [447]
Canary Islands, i. [27]
Canna, basalts of, ii. [184], [187], [190], [215], [216];
vent in, [288]
Cantyre, volcanic rocks of, i. [311], [369], [370], [386]
Caradoc group, i. [175], [196]
Carbonaceous rocks, influence of, on igneous masses, i. [95], [426], [449], [456]; ii. [65], [87], [104], [165]
Carboniferous Limestone, origin of, i. [357]
—— system, subdivisions of, in Britain, i. [358], [360], [366];
ancient geography of, [355], [361], [362], [432], [462];
flora and fauna of, [356]
—— volcanic plateaux, distribution of, i. [364], [367];
nature of materials constituting, [377];
structure of, [383];
bedded lavas and tuffs of, [383];
vents of, [54], [394], [399]
—— Puys, i. [46], [47], [308], [364];
of Scotland, [414];
nature of the materials erupted by, [416];
necks of, [424];
bedded lavas and tuffs of, [417], [436], [440];
sills of, [446], [472];
bosses of, [458], [465];
dykes of, [460];
of Derbyshire, ii. [8];
Isle of Man, [22];
of Somerset, [32];
of Devonshire, [32];
of King's County, [37];
of Limerick, [41]
Carlingford, igneous rocks of, i. [96]; ii. [175], [371], [420]
Carnedd Dafydd, i. [209]
Carnmony Hill, ii. [272]
Carrock Fell, differentiation in rocks of, i. [91];
metamorphism at, [94], [96];
as a volcanic boss, [235], [236]
Cement-stone group, i. [362], [366], [387], [418], [462]
Cellular structure of volcanic rocks, i. [15], [33]
Chalk, metamorphism of, by a dyke, ii. [164]
Champernowne, A., i. [260], [262]
Charnwood Forest, i. [134]; ii. [53]
Cherts associated with volcanic rocks, i. [123], [167], [169], [173], [174], [184], [196], [197], [240], [254]; ii. [25], [36]
Cheviot Hills, i. [102], [271], [272], [274], [275], [277], [278], [290], [293], [336]
Chilled margin in intrusive rocks, i. [81], [83]; ii. [126], [158], [160], [172], [299], [303], [310], [317], [321], [392], [402]
Christiania, eruptive rocks of, i. [28]
Chronology, volcanic, how determined, i. [46]
Clark, Mr. G. T., ii. [180]
Claystone, i. [277], [279], [318], [324], [327]; ii. [403]
Cleavage, effects of, on igneous rocks, i. [162], [165], [224], [231], [232], [234], [237], [260], [261]; ii. [36]
Clee Hills, ii. [101], [102]
Cleveland Dyke, ii. [1], [122], [139], [140], [142], [144], [146], [147], [150], [153], [167], [168], [169]
Clough, Mr. C. T., i. [114], [201], [236], [274], [290], [337]; ii. [123], [124], [127], [128], [132], [137], [138], [142], [145], [146], [152], [162], [171], [172], [316], [384], [437]
Clyde, Carboniferous volcanic plateau of, i. [368], [384], [385], [393], [400], [407], [411]
Coal interbedded among volcanic rocks, i. [392], [423]; ii. [198], [213], [251], [287]
—— alteration of, at volcanic vents, i. [72]; ii. [64]
—— alteration of intrusive rocks by, i. [95], [451]
—— alteration of by sills, dykes, etc., ii. [67], [164], [166]
Coal-measures, i. [358], [360], [366]
Coalbrookdale Coal-field, ii. [103]
Cole, Prof. G. A., i. [176], [177], [178], [179], [180], [181], [184], [187], [188], [210], [211]; ii. [134], [205], [212], [245], [370], [371], [378], [426]
Colorado, Grand Cañon of, i. [30];
laccolites of, [86]
Columnar structure, i. [25], [27], [343], [378], [385], [459]; ii. [164], [186], [206], [301]
Comley Sandstone, i. [144]
Cones, volcanic, connection of, with necks, i. [70];
contemporaneous denudation of, [73]; ii. [202], [218], [230];
entombment of, i. [433], [463]; ii. [66]
Conglomerates, volcanic, i. [31], [37], [183], [190], [286], [300], [307], [309], [310], [314], [315], [330], [341]; ii. [195], [198], [218], [284]
Coniston Limestone, i. [229], [231]
Contemporaneity in Geology, [201]
Continents, origin of, i. [11]
Contraction, effects of terrestrial, i. [12], [97], [98]
Conybeare, J. J., ii. [95]
—— W., i. [171]; ii. [9], [95], [110], [113], [199]
Cooling, effects of, in inducing varieties of texture in igneous rocks, i. [78], [79], [81]; ii. [274], [275], [299], [303], [310], [317], [392], [402]
Coon Butte, Arizona, i. [58]
Cork, County, volcanic breccias of, ii. [49]
Corndon, sill of, i. [176], [189], [190]
Corston Hill, i. [373], [386], [387]
Craiglockhart type of dolerite and basalt, i. [418]
Crater, consolidation of tuff within a, i. [429]
Crater-lakes, i. [58]; ii. [266], [275]
Cretaceous period, geography of the, ii. [108], [182]
Cross Fell, i. [228], [229], [238]
Cross, Mr. Whitman, i. [86]
Crush-conglomerates or breccias, i. [32], [220], [223], [225], [244]; ii. [281], [347], [352]
Crushing, mechanical effects of, i. [315] (see [Schist])
Crust, contraction of the terrestrial, i. [12], [97], [98];
oldest rocks of, [110];
deformation of, [117], [121], [264], [295], [297]
Cryptocrystalline type of basalt, i. [419]
Crystallites of volcanic rocks, i. [18]
Crystals, different periods of formation of, in volcanic rocks, i. [19], [20], [21], [421]; ii. [128], [131], [134], [135];
ejected by volcanic vents, i. [62], [178], [180], [181], [195], [213], [234], [245]; ii. [27], [49], [58], [79]

Cuillin Hills, scenery of, i. [106];
gabbro of, ii. [329], [361];
acid rocks of, [391]
Culots, i. [78], [88]
Culm-measures, ii. [33]
Cumbrae Islands, i. [368], [369], [378], [407]
Cumming, J. G., ii. [22]
Cycles, volcanic, i. [27], [92]; ii. [116]
Dacite, i. [230]; ii. [185]
Dakyns, Mr. J. R., i. [90], [229], [272]; ii. [10]
Dalmellington, volcanic rocks at, i. [333]; ii. [62]
Dalmeny type of dolerite and basalt, i. [418], [420]
Dalradian rocks, probable crushed necks of, i. [75], [125];
lavas and sills of, [121];
green schists of, [124]
Dalry, Ayrshire, buried volcanoes of, i. [434]
Dana, J. D., ii. [189]
Darwin, C., i. [27]
Daubrée, A., i. [72], [404]
Davies, J., i. [156], [157]
Dechen, H. von, i. [46]; ii. [112], [280], [333], [340], [367], [372], [381]
Deformation, effects of, on volcanic rocks, i. [75], [115], [117], [119], [121], [127], [129], [162]
De la Beche, H., i. [142], [143], [170], [175], [204], [205], [207], [259]; ii. [9], [10], [19], [33], [95], [96], [97]
Delessite, ii. [79]
Denudation, influence of, on volcanoes, i. [3], [4], [8], [40], [43], [45], [46], [54], [58], [71], [73], [75], [79], [87], [100-107], [370], [433], [434], [436], [476]; ii. [55], [61], [62], [179], [181], [182], [241], [245], [248], [249], [255], [257], [282], [283], [292], [316], [317], [363], [373], [407], [455]
Derbyshire, toadstones of, i. [359]; ii. [8]
Desmarest, ii. [373]
Devitrification of volcanic rocks, i. [18], [19], [78]; ii. [437], [446]
Devonian system, i. [257];
volcanoes of, [259]
Devonshire, volcanic scenery of, i. [103];
Devonian volcanic rocks of, [259];
Carboniferous volcanic rocks of, ii. [32];
Permian volcanic rocks of, [94]
Diabase, i. [151], [153] (analyses), [156], [192], [194], [204], [206], [214], [217], [235], [240], [247], [249], [273] (analyses), [278], [292], [318], [320], [330], [335], [344], [345], [351], [403]; ii. [5], [136], [415]
Diabase-porphyrite, i. [192], [204]
Diamond found in volcanic vents, i. [62]
Dick, Mr. A., jun., i. [380]
Dickson, Mr. E., ii. [23]
Differentiation in igneous rocks, i. [22], [27], [84], [85], [90], [91], [449]; ii. [300], [475]
"Dimetian," i. [145]
Dingle-beds, i. [346]
Dingle, Upper Silurian nodular lavas of, i. [20], [254]
Diorite, i. [78], [247], [249], [277], [278], [288]; ii. [36]
Dirrington Law, i. [290]
Dittmar, Prof., ii. [137]
Dolerite, i. [119], [134], [178], [190], [206], [230], [247], [261], [378], [403], [407], [417], [448]; ii. [5], [11], [35], [49], [102], [103], [104], [125], [136], [157], [183], [271], [299], [303], [307], [319], [328]
Dolgelli, i. [169], [178], [188]
Donegal, Dalradian rocks of, i. [122];
dykes in, ii. [124]
Drogheda, volcanic rocks near, i. [244]
Duffin, W. le S., ii. [426]
Dumbarton, rocks near, i. [402], [404]
Dumfoyn, a volcanic neck, i. [395], [398], [400]
Dumgoyn, a volcanic neck, i. [395], [397], [398], [400]
Dundee, sills and bosses near, i. [292], [306]
Duneaton Water, volcanic rocks of, i. [329]
Dunite, ii. [309]
Du Noyer, G. V., i. [245], [250], [254]; ii. [272], [426]
Durham, Mr., i. [275]
Durness Limestone, i. [112], [121], [123], [141]
Dust, volcanic, i. [13]
Dutton, Capt. C. E., i. [68]; ii. [267]
Dykes, vitreous margins of, i. [18];
formation of, [54], [98];
in necks, [66];
filled with agglomerate, [70];
grouping of, among intrusive rocks, [77];
character of, [79];
extent of, in Britain, [80];
age of, [81];
compound, [81]; ii. [59];
expulsion of lava from, i. [82]; ii. [128];
connected with the surface, i. [82];
pre-Cambrian, [118];
flow-structure in, [161];
Cambrian, [156];
Silurian, [187], [216], [235], [237], [248], [249];
Old Red Sandstone, [277], [291], [338], [345];
Carboniferous, [406], [429], [460]; ii. [1], [30];
Permian, [83];
amygdaloidal structure of, [85]
—— Tertiary, ii. [114];
arguments for their geological age, [118], [125], [171];
geographical distribution, [121];
two types of protrusion of, [122];
nature of component rocks of, [125];
external character of, [126];
classification of basic, [129];
enclosed fragments in, [129], [131], [144];
porphyritic and amygdaloidal structures of, [128], [129], [130];
veins in, [130];
joints in, [132], [166];
microscopic characters of, [134];
chemical characters of, [137], [139];
hade of, [139];
breadth of, [139];
interruptions of, [142];
length of, [142];
persistence of mineral characters of, [144];
direction of, [145], [159];
upward termination of, [147];
known vertical extension of, [150];
evidence of movement of molten rock of, [151];
branches and veins from, [152];
connection with sills, [155];
intersecting, [158];
compound or of more than one infilling, [159];
double, treble, and multiple, [160], [318], [417], [439];
compound, with basic and acid bands, [161], [435];
contact metamorphism of, [163];
relation of, to geological structure, [166];
origin and history of, [175];
Icelandic example of, [261];
example communicating with cinder cone in Utah, [268];
connection of, with surface, [179], [269], [280];
latest protrusions of, [381], [408], [416];
of granophyre, [435], [436], [437], [439]
Earth, condition of the interior of the, i. [10];
fractures in crust of the, [11]
Earthquakes, influence of, on early man, i. [1];
transient effects of, [3], [8]
East Lothian, trachyte lavas of, i. [24];
Carboniferous volcanic plateau of, [370], [389], [403], [409]
Edinburgh, volcanic rocks near, i. [24], [102], [104], [269], [273], [276], [279], [281], [285], [287], [289], [291], [293], [311], [317], [318], [323], [364], [370], [373], [385], [386], [387], [389], [410], [420], [436], [449]
Egan, Mr. F. W., i. [242]; ii. [201], [423]
Eifel, i. [4], [46], [58], [100]
Eigg, Isle of, ii. [115];
pitchstone of, [185], [217], [242], [445];
brecciated basalt in, [189], [192];
basalt plateau of, [215], [234];
Scuir of, [217], [234], [447];
sills of, [318];
acid bosses of, [403];
acid sills of, [431];
proofs of subsidence at, [447];
enormous denudation of, [239], [447], [458]

Eildon Hills, i. [375]
Electric Peak, i. [79], [82], [84]
Elvans, i. [249], [281]
Engulphment craters, i. [58]
Ennerdale, granite of, i. [236]
Enniscorthy, volcanic rocks near, i. [245]
Environment, influence of, on early man, i. [1]
Eozoic period, i. [110]
Epidiorite, i. [118], [124], [129], [184], [247], [249]
Erosion, laws of, i. [101]
Eruptions, transient effects of, i. [3];
old submarine, how ascertained, [48];
lacustrine, [49];
fluviatile, [49];
terrestrial, [50];
evidence of intervals between, [283], [287], [300], [442]; ii. [42], [59], [203], [205], [221], [251], [254], [287]
Erzeroum, old volcanoes near, i. [32]
Eskdale Dyke, ii. [127], [133], [136], [137], [140], [143], [145], [146], [153]
—— (Lake District), granite of, i. [236]
Etheridge, Mr. R, jun., ii. [24]
Etna, i. [2], [4], [10], [55]; ii. [261]
Eurite, i. [188]
Europe, basalt plateaux of north-western, i. [51], [52]; ii. [181];
pre-Cambrian disturbances of north-western, i. [117]
Explosion-craters, i. [58]; ii. [266]
Explosions, volcanic, i. [246]; ii. [196], [266], [425], [472]
Extrusive rocks, defined, i. [14];
textures of, [78]
Fair Head, sills of, ii. [301]
Farey, J., ii. [9]
Farne Islands, ii. [2]
Faroe Isles, basalt plateaux of, i. [52], [102]; ii. [191], [192], [194], [256];
vents in, i. [63]; ii. [293];
dykes of, [122], [133];
tuffs and lignites of, [258];
sills of, [322];
absence of gabbro bosses in, [355];
subsidence of, [447];
dip of basalts in, [448];
proofs of denudation in, [458]
Faujas St. Fond, ii. [109], [112]
Faults, connexion of volcanic vents with, i. [69]; ii. [65];
boundary, i. [294], [303], [305], [369]; ii. [169];
effects of, i. [446]; ii. [200];
connection with, dykes, [168]
—— of Tertiary basalt-plateau, ii. [452]
Felsite (Felstone), Torridonian, i. [120];
Uriconian, [130], [133];
of Malverns, [134];
Cambrian, [151], [160], [161], [164], [165], [167], [168];
Silurian, [184], [199], [205], [206], [207], [210], [212], [218], [231], [232], [246], [247], [252], [255];
Old Red Sandstone, [276], [277], [291], [293], [321], [327], [335], [346];
Carboniferous, ii. [36], [49];
Permian, [85];
Tertiary, [174], [369], [424], [446]
Felsitic breccia, ii. [195]
—— type of devitrification, i. [19]
Felspar, ejected crystals of, i. [181]; ii. [58], [79];
large porphyritic crystals of, in dykes, [129], [135]
Fife, Old Red Sandstone volcanic rocks of, i. [307];
Carboniferous volcanic rocks of, [428], [429], [430], [433], [437], [448];
Permian volcanic rocks of, ii. [56], [69]
Fingal's Cave, i. [25]; ii. [210]
Fisher, Rev. O., i. [98]
Fishguard, volcanic rocks at, i. [205]
Fissure type of volcanoes, i. [42], [52]; ii. [108], [115], [267]
Fissures, volcanic, i. [42], [52], [53], [54], [425]; ii. [141], [145], [159], [176];
filled with agglomerate, i. [70];
filled with dykes, [81], [118];
compound, [82], ii. [159];
pre-Cambrian, i. [118], [119];
Carboniferous, [425];
Tertiary, ii. [141], [159], [176], [425];
modern of Iceland, [262];
cause of, [177]
Fleming, John, i. [268]
Flow-structure, i. [21], [157], [160], [161], [162], [184], [210], [232], [246], [248], [255], [315], [321], [327], [346]; ii. [129], [152], [190], [191], [332], [369], [392], [402], [424], [437], [441]
Foot, F. J., i. [316]
Forbes, D., ii. [370]
—— Edward, ii. [66], [113], [114], [198]
—— J. D., ii. [112], [333], [372], [381]
Forellenstein, ii. [332]
Forest of Wyre coal-field, ii. [102]
Forfarshire, volcanic rocks of, i. [285], [299];
flagstones of, [299]
Forster, M., ii. [113]
Forth-basin, Carboniferous system of, i. [361];
Carboniferous plateaux of, [370];
Carboniferous puys of, [416], [427], [429], [430], [432], [434], [437], [440], [446], [462];
Permian volcanoes of, ii. [55], [67]
Foster, Mr. C. le Neve, ii. [10]
Fouqué, Prof., i. [18], [21]; ii. [134]
Fox, Mr. Howard, ii. [36]
Fox Strangways, Mr. C., i, [135]
Fragmental volcanic rocks, i. [14];
only arise from explosions which reach the surface, [57] (see [Agglomerates], [Conglomerates], [Tuffs])
France, Tertiary volcanoes of Central, i. [4], [10], [29], [41], [45], [49], [58], [60], [70]; ii. [31], [271], [281], [373];
Carboniferous volcanic action in, i. [357]
Frankland, Prof. E., i. [273], [278]
Fundamental complex of oldest gneiss, i. [114], [115]
—— gneiss, i. [115]
Gabbro, granulitic, ii. [329];
banded structure of, i. [116]; ii. [329], [354], [357], [476];
coarse-grained massive, [330];
pale varieties in veins, [330];
gneiss-like aspect of, [342], [254], [358]
—— of Carrock Fell, i. [91];
Silurian, [195], [206], [247];
Devonian, [262];
Tertiary, [84], [90], [116]; ii. [307], [308], [309], [319], [327], [334], [349], [355], [358], [391], [406], [407]
Gairloch, peculiar pre-Cambrian rocks of, i. [115], [117]
Galapagos Islands, i. [27]
Gallaston type of dolerite and basalt, i. [418]
Galloway, granites of, i. [93], [95], [272], [277], [290], [331]
Garabol Hill, differentiation at, i. [90]
Gardiner, Miss, i. [95]
Gardiner, Mr. C. J., i. [256]
Gardner, Mr. Starkie, ii. [196], [198], [212]
Garlton Hills, i. [102], [370], [377], [378], [379], [380], [386], [390], [405], [412]
Garnet found in volcanic vents, i. [62]
Garth Grit, i. [177], [185], [208]
Gases dissolved in the volcanic magma, i. [13], [15], [72], [97], [99]
Geikie, Prof. J., i. [277], [306], [308], [331], [336], [339], [340], [369], [375], [426]; ii. [57], [191], [259], [322]
Genèvre, Mont, i. [194]
Geological action, supposed former greater intensity of, i, [139]
—— contrasts, i. [103]
—— history, i. [109], [113]
—— Survey of Great Britain, i. [113], [115], [118], [119], [121], [122], [123], [124], [125], [126], [129], [130], [133], [135], [142], [143], [144], [145], [159], [160], [166], [170], [171], [175], [176], [179], [181], [182], [183], [186], [187], [188], [190], [196], [198], [201], [204], [205], [207], [208], [212], [214], [215], [216], [217], [218], [219], [220], [221], [225], [227], [228], [232], [233], [238], [239], [240], [242], [243], [244], [245], [250], [251], [254], [259], [270], [275], [278], [294], [299], [306], [307], [308], [314], [315], [317], [318], [325], [329], [331], [336], [339], [340], [344], [346], [349], [350], [352], [364], [369], [372], [373], [375], [397], [403], [404], [406], [407], [411], [423], [425], [434], [449], [462], [475], [476]; ii. [3], [4], [9], [10], [12], [13], [16], [17], [20], [23], [33], [36], [37], [42], [43], [46], [48], [49], [56], [58], [65], [66], [68], [94], [95], [102], [103], [118], [121], [125], [127], [144], [145], [148], [162], [164], [170], [174], [175], [190], [192], [199], [201], [203], [253], [272], [277], [292], [347], [384], [391], [420], [422], [423], [426], [428], [433], [435], [446], [449]

Giant's Causeway, ii. [80], [109], [186], [188], [192], [206]
Gilbert, Mr. G. K., i. [87]; ii. [362], [363]
Girvan, i. [192], [200]
Glaciation, absence of, in Devonshire, i. [261]
Glass in volcanic rocks, i. [18], [33], [60], [78], [180], [211], [216], [230], [232], [235], [316]; ii. [85], [120], [126], [133], [135], [137], [184], [204], [247], [272], [285], [316], [317]
Globulites, ii. [135]
Gloucestershire, Silurian volcanoes of, i. [238]
Gneiss, analogies of, with igneous rocks, i. [93]; ii. [476];
oldest, i. [110], [115]
Godwin-Austen, A. C., i. [259], [262]
Goodchild, Mr. J. G., i. [229], [449]; ii. [150]
Grainger, Rev. Dr., ii. [198]
Grand Sarcoui, ii. [373], [374], [381]
Granite, bosses of, i. [88], [90], [93];
plutonic and volcanic, [89];
metamorphism by, [95];
altered by dykes, ii. [164];
pre-Cambrian, i. [119];
post-Arenig in Highlands, [126], [310];
in Cambrian rocks, [155];
in Silurian rocks, [200], [229], [236], [238], [249];
of probably Old Red Sandstone age, [272], [277], [290], [331], [337];
Tertiary, ii. [366], [418], [420]
Granitite, i. [188], [277], [290], [337]; ii. [367]
Granophyre, alteration of rocks by, i. [95], [96];
scenery of, [105];
solvent action of, [82], [84], [85], [96], [99]; ii. [163], [392], [415], [422], [433];
brecciated, [382];
spherulitic, [381];
bedded structure of, [381], [403], [404];
apt to be intruded at the base of a volcanic series, [403];
shattering of rocks invaded by, [405], [411], [413], [416], [439];
veins of, [409], [410], [432], [437];
Silurian, i. [214], [215]
—— Tertiary, i. [339]; ii. [368], [395], [408], [430];
boundaries of, [382], [409];
relation to older vents, [280], [384], [399];
relation to plateau-basalts, [386], [396], [402], [404];
relation to gabbro, [391], [402], [404], [410];
relation to basic dykes, [395];
proof of liquidity of, [413];
sills of, [430], [436], [437];
dykes of, [435]
Granophyric structure, i. [20]; ii. [366]
Graphite in Tertiary volcanic series, ii. [198]
Graptolites, i. [174], [196], [197]
Granwacke or Devonian rocks, De la Beche on, i. [259], ii. [33]
Graves, Lieut. T., ii. [451]
Great Glen of Scotland, i. [121]
Greeks, influence of volcanoes on, i. [1]
Green, A. H., i. [133], [134], [163]; ii. [10], [12]
Greenland, Tertiary basalts of, ii. [182]
Greenly, Mr. E., i. [129], [214]
Greenock, Lord, i. [363]
Green schists of the Scottish Highlands, i. [122];
of Anglesey, [129]
Greenstone, i. [183], [187], [206], [217], [219], [249], [259], [261]; ii. [34], [35], [37], [103], [104], [355]
Greenstone-ash, i. [219]
Griffith, Sir R., ii. [299], [422]
Gunn, Mr. W., i. [114], [298], [311], [336], [369], [407], [410]; ii. [58], [172], [420]
Gypsum deposits, ii. [54]
Hade of dykes, ii. [139]
Hæmatitic iron-ore, ii. [197]
Hall, Sir James, i. [72], [363]
Hälleflinta, i. [131], [167]
Hardman, E. T., ii. [365], [449]
Harker, Mr. A., i. [90], [91], [93], [95], [96], [99], [188], [209], [210], [211], [212], [213], [214], [217], [218], [222], [227], [228], [230], [231], [232], [235], [236], [237], [238], [290]; ii. [124], [125], [126], [129], [130], [139], [144], [146], [160], [162], [163], [164], [174], [185], [189], [190], [223], [224], [247], [269], [281], [284], [285], [309], [310], [318], [320], [334], [339], [347], [348], [368], [382], [384], [385], [387], [389], [392], [407], [408], [409], [413], [415], [433], [434], [437], [441], [446]
Harkness, R., i. [228]; ii. [56]
Harlech anticline, i. [159], [179], [187];
group, [176]
Hatch, Dr. F. H., i. [183], [184], [187], [188], [229], [230], [246], [247], [248], [249], [261], [277], [278], [306], [377], [380], [381], [417], [419], [420]; ii. [57], [96], [184], [274], [276], [299], [319], [332], [367], [368], [369], [370], [388], [398]
Haughton, Prof. S., i. [346]; ii. [422]
Hawaii, lava-fountains of, i. [12];
differentiation in lavas of, [27];
lava-cauldron of, [58]
Haworth, Mr. E., ii. [96]
Hay Cunningham, R. I., i. [269], [317], [363], [372], [373], [449], [451]; ii. [237], [238], [244]
Heaphy, Mr. C., i. [432]
Hebrides, basalt-sheets of, i. [24], [47], [52], [102];
acid rocks of, [95], [102];
gabbros of, [84], [90], [102];
scenery of, [105];
pre-Cambrian rocks of, [112], [114], [117], [121];
Cambrian land of, [141];
early observations on the Tertiary volcanic rocks of, ii. [109], [110], [111];
dykes of, [118], [146], [158], [174];
basalts of, [181], [186], [215];
pitchstone lava of, [238], [246];
plateau-scenery of, [249];
Tertiary rivers and lakes of, [217], [228], [231], [234], [252];
vents of, [274];
basic sills of, [304];
gabbro intrusions of, [327];
acid intrusions of, [364], [379], [430], [437];
dislocations of, [452];
denudation of, [455]
Heddle, Dr., i. [274], [302]; ii. [78], [79], [246], [307], [406]
Helland, Prof. A., ii. [191], [261], [263], [264]
Henderson, Mr. J., i. [449]
Henry Mountains, laccolites of, i. [86]; ii. [362]
Henslow, J. S., ii. [22], [224]
Heterogeneity in volcanic magmas, i. [85], [90]; ii, [190], [334]
Hett Dyke, ii. [1], [7], [147]
Hibbert, S., i. [46]
Hicks, Dr. H., i. [126], [145], [154], [158], [159], [166], [206]
Hill, Mr. J. B., ii. [140]
Hill, Rev. E., i. [135]
Hinde, Dr. G. J., i. [198]; ii. [35]
Hinxman, Mr. L., i. [114], [344]; ii. [121]
Hobson, Mr. B., i. [260]; ii. [23], [27], [96], [99]
Holden, Mr. J. S., ii. [204]
Holl, H. B., i. [133], [134], [170]
Holland, Mr. P., i. [177], [178], [179]; ii. [23]
Hollybush Sandstone, i. [133], [170]
Holocrystalline structure, i. [78]; ii. [136], [184]
Hopkins, W., ii. [177], [179], [268]

Hornblende, ejected crystals of, i. [178], [181]; ii. [49], [51], [58], [79]
Hornblende-schists formed from basic igneous rocks, i. [75], [114], [118], [119], [124], [129]
Horne, Mr. John, i. [114], [196], [199], [200], [344], [345], [375]; ii. [23], [144], [292]
Hornito of a lava-stream, i. [55]; ii. [264]
Hornstone, i. [131], [136], [277], [278] (analyses), [324]
Houston Marls, i. [423], [436], [440], [444], [466]
Howard, Mr. H. T., i. [207]
Howell, Mr. H. H., i. [294], [307], [364]
Hoy, Island of, i. [350]
Hughes, Prof. T. M'K., i. [126], [144], [160], [161], [166], [168], [220], [222], [223], [227]
Hull, Mr. E., ii. [42], [95], [103], [272], [421], [426], [449]
Hurlet Limestone, i. [360], [366], [394], [410], [415], [444], [452], [456], [467], [470], [474]
Huronian rocks, i. [111]
Hutchings, Mr. W. M., i. [227], [230], [233]
Hutton, James, i. [363]; ii. [9], [110]
Hutton, W., ii. [3]
Hyperite, i. [279]
Hysgeir, pitchstone of, ii. [246]
Iceland, Tertiary basalts of, ii. [182], [260];
Tertiary gabbros and liparites or granophyres of, [261];
continuity of volcanic phenomenon of, [261];
lava-fields of, i. [24], [42], [53], [100]; ii. [260];
lava-domes of, i. [10]; ii. [265];
fissures of, i. [70]; ii. [262], [271], [454];
dykes of, [122], [261];
cinder cones of, [264], [271];
subsidence of, [447]
Idahoe, lava-fields of, ii. [267]
Iddings, Prof., i. [28], [29], [30], [78], [79], [82], [84], [90]; ii. [128], [178]
Idiomorphic crystals, i. [21], [417], [420]; ii. [40]
Index Limestone of the Scottish coal-fields, i. [360], [444], [452]
India, fissure-eruptions of, i. [10];
volcanic plateau of, ii. [180]
Intermediate volcanic rocks, silica-percentage of, i. [14]
Intersertal structure, i. [417]; ii. [136]
Intrusive rooks, defined, i. [14];
occasional cellular character of, [16];
flow-structure in, [22], [161];
varieties of, [77];
textures of, [78], [449]; ii. [274], [360], [392];
in sheets, sills, and laccolites, i. [83];
melting of rocks by, [82], [84]; ii. [129], [163], [392];
consolidation of, i. [84];
banding of, [84], [450]; ii. [329], [342];
heterogeneity of, i. [85]; ii. [344];
metamorphism by, i. [94], [451];
influence of surrounding rocks on, [95];
conditions of their intrusion, [97];
columnar structure in, ii. [187], [291], [301]
—— Pre-Cambrian, i. [116];
Cambrian, [156];
Silurian, [187], [195], [206], [216], [235], [237], [248], [249];
Devonian, [261];
Old Red Sandstone, [277], [291], [321], [335], [338], [343], [345];
Carboniferous, [406], [408], [420], [446]; ii. [1], [21], [30], [33], [40], [48];
Permian, [58], [64];
Tertiary, [270], [298]
Ireland, submarine eruptions of, i. [48];
Dalradian rocks of, [122], [123], [126];
Arenig rocks in, [123];
Silurian volcanic rocks of, [239], [251];
granites of, [290];
Old Red Sandstone volcanic rocks of, [346], [348];
Carboniferous volcanic rocks of, [359]; ii. [37];
early observers among the Tertiary volcanic rooks of, [109];
Tertiary basalt plateau of, [364], [370], [371];
gabbros of, [359];
acid rocks of, [420]
Iron-ore, pisolitic (Arenig), i. [181], [208];
Tertiary, of Antrim, ii. [204]
Irvine, Mr. D. R., i. [294], [299]
Irving, Rev. A., ii. [95]
Isogeotherms, shifting of, i. [98]
Italy, old volcanoes of, i. [4]; ii. [474], [477]
Jack, Mr. R. L., i. [294], [308], [369], [375], [396], [404]; ii. [57], [145]
Jameson, Robert, i. [268], [269], [317], [363]; ii. [109], [161], [244], [333], [355], [364]
Jan Mayen, ii. [182]
Jedburgh type of dolerite and basalt, i. [418]
Jennings, Mr. C. V., i. [176], [177], [179], [180], [181], [184], [185], [186], [187], [188]
Johnston-Lavis, Dr., ii. [261]
Joints in dykes, ii. [132]
Judd, Prof. J. W., i. [157], [275]; ii. [115], [116], [134], [137], [162], [185], [209], [211], [245], [247], [267], [274], [278], [280], [303], [307], [309], [315], [316], [319], [322], [328], [329], [332], [333], [349], [356], [360], [372], [388], [410], [439]
Jukes, J. B., i. [143], [171], [175], [208], [218], [219], [245], [246], [250], [254], [316]; ii. [10], [20], [42], [47], [49], [101], [103], [105]
Jurassic period, physical conditions of the, ii. [108], [182]
Kelly, J., i. [314]
Kenmare, Old Red Sandstone volcanic rocks of, i. [350]
Keratophyre, i. [247]
Kerrera, Isle of, i. [342]
Kersantite, i. [261]
Keswick, i. [229]
Kildare, Chair of, Bala volcanic rocks at, i. [245], [256]
Killarney, nodular lavas of, i. [20], [272], [346]
Kilpatrick Hills, i. [385], [388], [403], [410]
Kilroe, Mr. J. R., i. [251], [253], [315]
Kilsyth type of dolerite and basalt, i. [418]
Kinahan, Mr. G. H., i. [349]; ii. [45], [49], [426]
Kincardineshire, volcanic necks of, i. [281], [286], [293], [299];
Old Red Sandstone of, [301]
King, Mr. Clarence, i. [27]
King's County, volcanic necks of, ii. [37]
Kippie Law type of basalt, i. [418]
Kirkby, Mr. J., ii. [106]
Kirwan, R., ii. [110]
Knockfeerina, Old Red Sandstone volcanic rocks of, i. [349]
Knocklayd, ii. [200]
Kynaston, Mr. H., i. [343]
Labyrinthodonts, i. [356]
Laccolites, i. [77], [83], [86], [88], [98], [99], [190]; ii. [363]
Lacroix, Prof., i. [96]
Lacustrine volcanic eruptions, i. [49]
Lagorio, Dr. A., ii. [137]
Lake, Mr. P., i. [177], [179]
Lake-District, i. [227], [290];
Vesuvian cone of, i. [42], [45]
"Lake Caledonia," i. [272], [294], [296]
"Lake of Lorne," i. [341]
"Lake Orcadie," i. [266], [271], [343], [350]
Lakes, eruptions in, i. [49];
crater, [58];
of Old Red Sandstone, [264]
Lambay Island, conglomerates of, i. [244]
Lammermuir, granites of, i. [290], [340]
Lamplugh, Mr. G. W., i. [32], [220]; ii. [23], [28]

Lamprophyre, i. [291], [293]
Lanarkshire, i. [291], [368], [416]
Land, sculpture of the, i. [101], [102]
Landslips, ii. [200], [287]
Lankester, Prof. E. Ray, i. [310]
Lapilli, volcanic, i. [33], [34], [61], [151]
Lapworth, Prof. C., i. [130], [132], [137], [171], [172], [189], [190], [196]
Largs, volcanic vent near, i. [56], [396], [397], [401]
Lasaulx, Prof. von, ii. [365], [371], [426]
Laurentian gneiss, i. [110]
Lavas, classification of, i. [14];
flow-structure of, [16], [21];
vesicular structure of, [17];
glass in, [18];
devitrification of, [19];
bedding of, [24];
effect of water on molten, [25], [334];
sack-like or pillow-structure of, [26], [184], [193], [201], [240], [244], [252];
seldom occur in solitary sheets, [26];
variations in structure in, [27];
sequence of, in eruptions, [28], [92], [377], [386];
crusts of, disrupted in volcanic explosions, [58], [59], [60]; ii. [189];
alternations of acid and basic, i. [28], [61], [152], [157], [165], [207], [213], [284], [318]; ii. [236], [266];
contrasted with intrusive rocks, i. [78];
sandstone veins in, [283], [300], [303], [320], [327], [333], [337]; ii. [59], [98];
shattered or agglomerate structure of, [99];
metamorphism of, i. [231], [240], [338]; ii. [272], [276], [337], [339], [340], [347], [355], [379], [386], [397], [399], [400], [404], [413]
—— Cambrian, i. [152], [168]
—— Silurian of Merionethshire, i. [183];
Scotland, [191];
Builth, [203];
Pembrokeshire, [205];
Caernarvonshire, [207];
Berwyn Hills, [218];
Anglesey, [219];
Lake District, [227];
Gloucestershire, [238];
Ireland, [239], [254]
—— Lower Old Red Sandstone, i. [273], [281], [294], [317]
—— Carboniferous, i. [377], [384], [417], [436], [440], [443]; ii. [8], [18], [34], [45]
—— Permian, ii. [68], [96]
—— Tertiary, ii. [183];
types of, [186];
banding of, [189];
thickness of, [192];
lenticular character of, [193];
of Antrim, [199];
irregular bedding of the vitreous, [243]
—— modern Icelandic eruptions of, ii. [261]
Lava-domes, ii. [265]
Lava-plug of volcanic funnels, permanence of, i. [40], [41], [55], [73], [76], [430]
Lawson, Prof. A. C., i. [82]
Leaf-beds, ii. [198]
Lebour, Prof., i. [336]; ii. [2], [3], [5], [7]
Leckstone, i. [419], [442], [443]
Lecoq, H., i. [45]; ii. [373]
Leinster granite, ii. [245], [249], [290]
Lewisian Gneiss, i. [81], [110], [111], [113], [118]
Liddesdale, Carboniferous volcanic vents of, i. [55], [416], [425], [440], [475]
Life, earliest traces of, i. [140]
Lignite in Tertiary volcanic series, ii. [198]
Limburgite, i. [377], [408], [417], [420], [448]; ii. [40], [46]
—— type, i. [418]
Limerick, Carboniferous volcanic rocks of, i. [421], [430]; ii. [41];
Old Red Sandstone volcanic rocks of, i. [348]
Limestone, metamorphism of, i. [72], [451]; ii. [14], [22], [164], [280], [383]
Lindley and Hutton on Eigg conifer, ii. [238]
Lingula Flags, i. [144], [177]
Linlithgowshire (see [West Lothian])
Lintrathen, porphyry of, i. [277], [292], [311]
Lion's haunch type of dolerite and basalt, i. [418]
Lithomarge, ii. [197], [204]
Lizard, rocks at the, i. [194]
Llanberis, Pass of, i. [159], [163]
—— group, i. [144]
Llandeilo group, i. [175], [196], [242];
volcanic rocks of, [186], [202], [221], [227], [241]
Llandeiniolen, i. [160]
Llandovery group, i. [175], [196];
possible volcanic rocks of, [238]
Llangadock, i. [205]
Llangefni, i. [220]
Llanllyfni, i. [161]
Llanwrtyd, i. [204]
Lleyn Peninsula, i. [208], [209], [213], [215]
Lloyd Morgan, Prof., i. [145], [147], [154]
Llyn Padarn, i. [157], [159], [160]
Loch Carron, pre-Cambrian rocks of, i. [115], [117]
Loch Lomond, dykes at, ii. [180]
Loch Tay Limestone, i. [122], [124], [125]
Lomas, Mr. J., ii. [191], [322]
Longulites, ii. [135]
Lonsdale, W., i. [257]
Longmyndian rocks, i. [111], [129], [132]
Lorne, volcanic rocks of, i. [102], [271], [281], [341]
Lough Mask, Silurian volcanic rocks of, i. [251]
—— Nafooey, Silurian volcanic rocks of, i. [251]
—— Neagh, subsidence of site of, ii. [201], [205];
history of, [448]
Ludlow group, i. [175]
Lycopods, fossil, i. [174]
Maare, volcanic, i. [58]; ii. [287], [288], [296]
Macconochie, Mr. A., ii. [58]
Macculloch, John, i. [95], [269], [270]; ii. [22], [111], [113], [123], [140], [154], [156], [159], [172], [174], [175], [213], [217], [231], [237], [244], [251], [280], [293], [304-307], [310], [314], [315], [327], [349], [364], [371], [403], [406], [408], [409], [418]
Macknight, Dr., i. [268], [317]
Maclaren, Charles, i. [269], [317], [325], [363], [372], [373], [451], [462]; ii. [67]
M'Henry, Mr. A., i. [32], [240], [242], [244], [314], [347]; ii. [201], [204], [272], [293], [426], [427], [428], [429]
M'Mahon, General, i. [260]; ii. [35], [36]
Magma, volcanic, explosive energy of, i. [13];
gases and vapours dissolved in, [13], [72], [97], [99];
differentiation of, [22], [84], [91];
solvent action of, [82], [84], [85], [99]; ii. [392], [415], [422], [433];
heterogeneity of, i. [85], [90], [91]; ii. [344], [360], [476];
metamorphic action of, i. [94];
alteration of, by incorporation of foreign material, [96]; ii. [386], [390], [392];
conditions for the injection of, i. [97], [99]
Magnesian Limestone, ii. [54]
Malvern, pre-Cambrian volcanic rocks of, i. [133];
Cambrian volcanic rocks of, [169]
Man, Isle of, Carboniferous volcanic rocks of, ii. [22]
Manod, i. [184]
Marl Slate, ii. [54]
Marl, volcanic, i. [423], [436], [440], [444], [466]
Marr, Mr. J. E., i. [227], [228], [230], [231], [232], [236], [237], [238], [290]; ii. [189]
Matlock Bath, ii. [13], [22]
Mediterranean, earthquakes and volcanoes of, i. [1]
Melaphyre, i. [131]
Mello, Mr. J. M., ii. [22]
Melrose, rocks near, i. [397], [398], [400], [425]

Melting of rocks by igneous intrusions, i. [82], [84], [85], [96], [99]; ii. [163], [392], [415], [422], [433]
Menai Strait, i. [159]
Menevian group, i. [114]
Merse, volcanic plateau of the, i. [375]
Metamorphism of tuffs, i. [157];
of lavas (see under [Lavas])
—— by lavas, i. [27];
by sills and bosses, [87], [94], [95], [216], [236], [331], [338], [431]; ii. [7], [22], [36], [131], [148], [163], [299], [300], [310], [337], [339], [340], [347], [355], [356], [357], [358], [362], [378], [383], [386], [397], [399], [400], [404], [413]
—— in vents, i. [67], [71], [82], [93], [399], [404]; ii. [39], [78], [292]
—— around vents, i. [72], [349], [350], [352], [399], [404], [432]; ii. [76], [272], [273], [276], [280], [292]
—— regional, i. [121], [123]; ii. [35]
Mica, ejected crystals of, in volcanic breccias, ii. [49], [58], [79], [80]
Mica-porphyrite, i. [277], [338]
Michel Lévy, M., i. [18], [21], [46], [88]; ii. [373], [374]
Microgranite, i. [131], [215], [235], [249]; ii. [367], [437]
Microlites of igneous rocks, i. [18], [21], [33]; ii. [135], [275]
Micropegmatitic structure, i. [20], [418], [449]; ii. [5], [368], [437]
Microscopic examination of rocks, i. [18], [21]
Midlands, eruptive rocks of English, ii. [100]
Midlothian, Carboniferous volcanic plateau of, i. [373], [385], [387];
sills of, [446]
Miller, Hugh, ii. [237]
—— Mr. H., i. [336]
Mills, Abraham, ii. [109]
Millstone grit, i. [358], [360], [366]
Minette, i. [277], [278], [291], [293]
Minto Crags, i. [375], [397]
Mitchell, Rev. Hugh, i. [301]
Moel Siabod, i. [175]
—— Wyn, i. [175], [176], [184], [185]
Monckton, Mr. H. W., i. [449]; ii. [224]
Montana, lava-fields of, ii. [115], [267]
Montrose, volcanoes of, i. [299]
Moray Firth, basin of, i. [271], [343]
Morton, Mr. G. H., i. [189]
Morven, basalt-plateau of, ii. [208]
Mountain-chains, origin of, i. [11], [12], [98]
Mourne mountains, granite of, i. [93]; ii. [124], [366], [367], [420]
Muck, Isle of, ii. [215]
Mud-lava, ii. [85]
Mudstone, volcanic, i. [423], [436], [440], [444], [466]; ii. [86], [222], [258]
Mull, branching amygdales of, i. [17];
perlitic glass from, [19];
pale lavas of, ii. [184], [213];
basalt of, [188], [192], [193];
breccias of, [196];
plateau of, i. [24], ii. [208];
non-volcanic breccias in, [196], [211];
flint gravel in, [211];
leaf-beds of, [212];
vents in, [274], [278];
gabbro of, [355];
acid bosses of, i. [20]; ii. [395];
acid sills of, [430];
acid dykes and veins of, [443];
enormous denudation of, [457], [461]
Murchison, R. I., i. [113], [121], [129], [142], [173], [175], [189], [204], [205], [207], [238], [257]; ii. [56], [95]
Mynydd-mawr, i. [209], [211], [216]
Mythology, influence of earthquakes and volcanoes on, i. [2]
Nant Francon, i. [161]
Naples, puys of, i. [100], [429]
Napoleonite, i. [22]
Necker, L. A., ii. [112], [123], [139], [140], [146]
Necks, volcanic, i. [56];
of fragmentary materials, [56];
of non-volcanic detritus, [57], [289], [343], [426];
of agglomerate, [58]; ii. [276];
internal stratification in, i. [63]; ii. [80], [294];
with central lava-plug, i. [64], [430];
with dykes and veins, [66], [430]; ii, [291];
of lava-form material, i. [67], [430]; ii. [271];
parasitic, i. [69];
connection of, with cones, [70], [435]; ii, [70], [89], [277], [281], [290];
metamorphism of, i. [67], [71], [82], [93], [399]; ii. [39], [78];
metamorphism of rocks around, i. [72], [349], [350], [352], [399], [404], [432]; ii. [76], [272], [273], [274], [276], [280], [292];
inward dip of rocks towards, i. [73], [352]; ii. [80];
connection of, with bosses, i. [93]; ii. [276], [284];
entombment and exposure of, i. [434];
connection of with valleys, [272], [366], [375]; ii. [61], [65];
relation between their size and the character of the agglomerate, [76];
connection of, with sheets of tuff or lava, [70], [89], [277], [284]
—— Silurian, i. [215], [235];
Old Red Sandstone, [277], [288], [293], [311], [318], [323], [328];
Carboniferous, [394], [399], [400], [404], [406], [424], [465]; ii. [13], [28], [47];
Permian, ii. [62], [67];
Tertiary, ii. [202], [270], [276]
Neptunist and Plutonist controversy, i. [363]; ii. [67], [95], [110], [112]
New Mexico, necks in, i. [68]
Newry granite, i. [290]
Nicholson, Prof. Alleyne, i. [228], [229]
Nicol, James, i. [311], [369]
—— W., ii. [238]
Nigrine, ii. [79]
Nithsdale, Permian volcanic rocks of, ii. [58], [60], [62], [65]
Nodular structure of lavas, i. [20], [162], [204], [206], [207], [211], [232], [247], [255], [274], [346]
Nolan, Mr. J., i. [240], [251], [315]; ii. [423], [424], [425]
Non-volcanic debris, among volcanic rocks, i. [31], [57], [289], [313], [345], [381], [399], [402], [422], [426], [437]; ii. [18], [27], [28], [58], [64], [76], [78], [99], [195], [196], [281], [423];
indicates comparatively feeble eruptions, i. [57], [289], [345], [426], [438]; ii. [293];
points to earliest eruptions of a vent, ii. [76]
Nordenskjöld, Mr. O., i. [120]
North Berwick Law, i. [371], [373], [403]
North, Mr. Barker, ii. [244]
Norway, eruptive rocks of, i. [28]
Nuneaton, i. [171]
Obsidian, i. [18], [19]; ii. [370]
Ochil Hills, i. [274], [276], [277], [279], [281], [286], [287], [288], [293], [303], [308], [311]
Oil-shales of the Lothians, i. [361], [362], [462]
O'Kelly, J., i. [349]; ii. [49]
Oldham, T., ii. [299]
Old Red Sandstone, lines of vents in, i. [69];
granite protrusions of, [236], [272], [277], [290], [337];
of County Waterford, [251];
distribution in Britain, [257];
an exceptional stratigraphical type, [258];
conditions of its deposit, [259], [263], [297];
original scenery of, [265];
vegetation of, [265];
isolation of the water-basins of, shown by fossil evidence, [265];
classification of, [260];
history of the investigation of, [268];
volcanic centres in, [271];
nature of volcanic products in, [273];
structure of lavas and tuffs of, [281];
volcanoes of, [259], [263], [294], [303], [323], [325], [337], [341], [343], [346], [348], [352];
subdivisions of, [297];
thickest conglomerates of, [301];
composition of conglomerates of, [302], [315], [341];
unconformabilities in, [267], [328], [333];
Upper division of, [348], [375], [383]; ii. [42]
Olenellus-zone, i. [112], [130], [132], [140], [144]
Olenus-zone, i. [144]
Olivine, i. [154], [418], [420]; ii. [58], [135]
Omagh, i. [315]
Ophitic structure, i. [21], [417]; ii. [136], [184], [274]
—— type of dolerite, i. [418], [421]
Oregon, crater lake in, i. [58]
Orkney Isles, i. [271], [344], [350]; ii. [121]
Orthoclase, ejected crystals of, ii. [79]
Orthophyre, i. [273], [276], [277], [308]
Osann, A., ii. [191]
Oyenhausen, C. von, ii. [112], [280], [333], [340], [367], [372], [381]
Palæopicrite, i. [261]
Palæozoic systems, i. [139];
volcanic rocks resemble modern, i. [30]
Palagonite, i. [33], [61], [151], [180], [246], [422], [423]; ii. [44], [46], [57], [223]
Paradoxides-zone, i. [144]
Paramorphism, i. [249]
Peach, Mr. B. N., i. [114], [128], [147], [168], [191], [192], [195], [196], [197], [198], [199], [200], [216], [240], [277-294], [307], [308], [329], [331], [344], [345], [369], [375], [425], [426], [476]; ii. [133], [145]
Pebidian, i. [145]
Pegmatite, i. [20], [119], [127], [418], [449]; ii. [5], [368], [437]
Pembrokeshire, volcanic rocks of, i. [145], [159], [205]
Penmaen-mawr, i. [209], [215]
Pennant, T., ii. [109]
Pennine chain, ii. [8]
Pentland Hills, volcanic series of the, i. [102], [269], [273], [276], [279], [281], [285], [287], [289], [291], [311], [317]
Perlite, i. [130]
Perlitic structure, i. [19], [196], [199], [206], [211], [216], [232], [274]
Permian system, geographical conditions accompanying the deposition of, ii. [53], [97];
subdivisions of, in S. W. England, [94];
volcanic phenomena of, i. [46]; ii. [55];
lavas and tuffs of, [57], [58];
vents of, [62], [67], [70], [96];
sills of, [91], [100]
Permo-carboniferous strata, ii. [54]
Petersen, Dr., i. [275], [336]
Phillips, J., i. [133], [170], [205], [238]; ii. [3]
—— J. A., i. [260], [261]
—— W., i. [171]; ii. [95]
Phonolite, i. [380] (analysis); ii. [375]
Phyllite, i. [162], [222]
Picrite, i. [377], [417], [420], [448], [450]; ii. [57]
—— type, i. [418]
Pillow-structure in lavas, i. [26], [184], [193], [201], [240], [244], [252]; ii. [189], [259]
Pitchstone, i. [18], [19], [130]; ii. [134], [174], [204], [238], [242], [246], [370], [437], [444]
Plagioclase, ejected crystals of, ii. [79]
Plants fossil, in tuffs, i. [392]; ii. [113], [198], [212], [222]
Platania, G., i. [26]
Plateau-type of volcanoes, i. [42], [100], [308], [341], [364]
Plateaux, Carboniferous, of Scotland, i. [364];
distribution of, [367];
composition of, [377];
structure of, [383];
lavas and tuffs of, [383];
vents of, [394];
dykes and sills of, [406];
close of eruption of, [410];
Tertiary, ii. [181];
formation of modern Icelandic, [265]
Player, Mr. J. H., analyses by, i. [377], [381]; ii. [138], [330]
Playfair, John, i. [363]; ii. [110]
Plinthite, ii. [197]
Pliocene (supposed) of Lough Neagh, ii. [449]
Plutonic operations of volcanoes, i. [77];
granite, [88]
Plutonists and Neptunists, i. [363]; ii. [67], [95], [110], [112]
Pomeroy, volcanic series near, i. [315]
Porphyrite, i. [190], [193], [207], [229], [240], [252], [273], [274], [377], [379]
Porphyritic structure, i. [19], [274]; ii. [128]
Portlock, J. E., ii. [110], [111], [113], [199], [201], [299], [364]
Portraine, conglomerates at, i. [244]
Portrush, shells in supposed basalt at, ii. [110], [299]
Potstone, i. [125]
Pre-Cambrian rocks, i. [111], [121], [126]
Pressure, experimental proof of effects of, i. [24]
Prestwich, Sir J., ii. [103]
Propylites, ii. [185], [388]
Proterobase, i. [247]
Pterygotus, i. [265]
Pumice in tuffs, i. [244], [422]; ii. [17], [27], [28], [32], [44], [46], [286], [288];
in volcanic necks, i. [60], [180]; ii. [17], [39], [195]
Pumiceous structure, i. [15], [33], [34], [60]
Puys, as a type of volcano, i. [10], [44], [100], [414];
probable subærial nature of some, [432];
Carboniferous, [308], [364], [414], [424], [463]; ii. [13], [28], [34], [47];
Permian, ii. [62];
Tertiary, [271], [276]
Puy de Chopine, i. [32]; ii. [374]
—— Dôme, ii. [373]
—— Montchar, i. [32]
—— Pariou, i. [66], [70]; ii. [31], [281]
Pyroclastic detritus, i. [31], [58], [61]
Pyromeride, i. [211]
Pyrope, ii. [58], [79]
Pyroxene, ii. [135]
Quartz-porphyry, i. [19], [156], [159], [160], [161], [165], [277], [291], [314]; ii. [96], [369], [420], [423], [430], [431]
Quartz-trachyte, ii. [371]
Quartzite, i. [112], [170]
Raasay, basalt of, ii. [192];
neck-like breccias in, [293];
acid sill of, [430]
Raddling or red-staining of rocks, i. [250], [261]
Radiolarian cherts, i. [123], [167], [169], [173], [174], [184], [196], [201], [244]
Rain-pittings in strata, i. [342]
Raisin, Miss, i. [161], [163], [164], [165], [210]
Ramsay, A. C., i. [126], [142], [143], [144], [145], [158], [159], [168], [175], [176], [177], [178], [179], [180], [182], [183], [204], [205], [208], [210], [212], [214], [223], [237], [364]
Ratho type of dolerite, i. [418], [421]
Red Head, section at, i. [300]
Red Hills, Skye, scenery of, i. [105]; ii. [379]
Reed, Mr. Cowper, i. [205]
Reid, Mr. Clement, ii. [449], [450]
Renard, Prof. A., i. [148], [149]
Renfrewshire, Carboniferous volcanic rocks of, i. [368], [385], [397], [400], [404], [408], [416], [430], [447]

Reyer, Prof. E., ii. [474]
Reynolds, Mr. S. H., i. [177], [179], [256]
Rhobel Fawr, i. [177], [178], [186]
Rhyolite, i. [19], [22], [24], [131], [161], [165], [167], [168], [178], [204], [210], [231], [232], [255], [276], [278]; ii. [185], [205], [371], [424], [437]
Rhyolitic conglomerate, ii. [195], [206], [429]
Richardson, Rev. W., ii. [110]
Richthofen, F. von, i. [28]; ii. [115], [116]
Rivers made to shift their channels by volcanic eruptions, i. [42], [49];
of the Tertiary volcanic period, ii. [217], [228], [231], [234], [456]
Rocks, oldest known, i. [110]
Roscommon, volcanic rocks of, i. [316]
Rosenbusch, Prof. H., ii. [136], [137]
Ross, Mr. Alexander, ii. [406], [409]
Rothliegende, ii. [95]
Roxburghshire, Carboniferous vents of, i. [55], [403], [404]
Rubers Law, i. [375], [380], [404]
Rum, i. [112];
basalt-plateau of, ii. [215];
gabbros of, [332], [349];
acid bosses of, [403];
acid sills of, [431];
pitchstone of, [445]
Rutley, Mr. F., i. [131], [133], [170], [207], [210], [227], [231], [232], [238], [260]; ii. [23], [35]
Sahlite found in volcanic vents, i. [62]
Saline Hill, volcanic vents of, i. [433], [435], [440]
Sanday, basalts of, ii. [215];
conglomerates of, [226]
Sandstone altered into quartzite, i. [72], [349], [350], [404], [432], [451]; ii. [76], [164];
veinings of, in lava, i. [283], [300], [303], [320], [327], [333], [337]; ii. [59], [98]
Sandwich Islands, lava-cones of, i. [10]
Sanidine ejected from volcanic vents, ii. [58], [79]
Sanquhar, Silurian volcanic rocks at, i. [192], [195], [199];
Permian volcanic rocks at, ii. [62]
Santorin, ii. [134]
Saponite, ii. [79]
Scenery, origin of, i. [8], [100]
Schalstein, i. [262]; ii. [36]
Schists, primeval, i. [110], [114], [118], [119];
produced by deformation of igneous rocks, [75], [114], [118], [119], [121], [162], [240], [249], [252], [261]
Schmidt, Dr. C. W., ii. [266]
Scoriaceous structure, i. [15], [16], [282], [327], [339]
Scorpions, fossil, i. [174], [356], [466]
Scotland, lines of fault in, i. [11];
Vesuvian cones of, [42];
plateaux of, [43];
puys of, [46];
submarine lavas of, [48];
Carboniferous vents of, [55];
volcanic scenery of, [104];
pre-Cambrian rocks of, [111];
Cambrian rocks of, [112];
Lewisian gneiss of, [114];
Dalradian rocks of, [121];
Arenig rocks of, [123], [191];
Old Red Sandstone of, [266], [273], [281], [291];
Carboniferous geography of, [356];
Carboniferous volcanoes of, [359];
Carboniferous plateaux of, [367];
Carboniferous puys of, [414];
Permian volcanoes of, ii. [55];
Tertiary dykes of, [122];
Tertiary basalt-plateaux of, [208], [274], [304];
Tertiary gabbros of, [327];
Tertiary acid rocks of, [379]
Scrope, G. P., i. [27], [82], [45], [116]; ii. [373], [374], [381]
Sedgwick, A., i. [142], [166], [175], [218], [227], [257]; ii. [1], [2], [3], [5], [113], [139], [153], [157]
Segregation (see [Differentiation])
Segregation-veins, i. [84], [92]; ii. [66], [130], [300], [303]
Selwyn, Mr. A. C. R., i. [143], [175], [208], [221]
Semi-opal, ii. [79]
Sepulchre Mountain, i. [79]
Serpentine, i. [195], [293]
Shale, alteration of, i. [72], [451]; ii. [164]
Shap, granite of, i. [236], [238], [271], [290]
Sheets, intrusive (see [Sills])
Shelve, i. [176], [190]
Shetland, i. [271], [289], [292], [293], [345]
Shiant Isles, ii. [307]
Shineton Shales, i. [144]
Shore-lines, traces of ancient, i. [295], [305]
Shropshire, ancient volcanic rocks of, i. [129], [189];
latest eruptive rocks of, ii. [101]
Sicily, i. [26]
Sidlaw Hills, i. [286], [294], [303]
Sills, vitreous margins of, i. [18];
tectonic relations of, [77], [83], [451];
origin of name, [83];
differentiation (segregation) in, [81], [450]; ii. [476];
ordinary stratigraphical position of, i. [85];
considered as parts of incompleted volcanoes, [86];
metamorphism by, [87], [94], [451]; ii. [299], [303], [310];
conditions for injection of, i. [97], [98], [99], [458];
columnar structure of, ii. [187], [291], [301], [306], [308], [319];
amygdaloidal structure in, [299], [312];
banding of, [309];
split by later sills, [310], [316];
extreme subdivision of, [311];
slaggy surface in some, [312];
give off veins, [313];
double and multiple, [318], [434];
connection with vents, [322]
—— pre-Cambrian, i. [118], [124];
Cambrian, [155], [170], [171];
Silurian, [187], [195], [206], [216], [237], [249];
Devonian, [261];
Old Red Sandstone, [277], [291], [321], [335], [343], [345];
Carboniferous, [408], [446], [472]; ii. [2], [21], [30], [48];
Permian, [64], [66];
of Midlands, [102], [103];
Tertiary, (1) Basic, [298];
(2) Acid, [366], [430]
Silurian system, i. [173];
vegetation of, [174];
geography of, [263];
volcanoes of, [175];
classification of, [175];
two volcanic series of, [177]
—— volcanoes in Shropshire, i. [189];
in Scotland, [191];
at Builth, [203];
in Pembrokeshire, [205];
in Caernarvonshire, [207];
in the Berwyn Hills, [218];
in Anglesey, [219];
in the Lake District, [227];
in Gloucestershire, [238];
in Ireland, [239], [254]
Skae, H. M., i. [294], [299], [306], [375]; ii. [57]
Skiddaw, i. [228];
granite of, [236]
—— Slate, i. [229]
Skomer Island, i. [207]
Skye, spherulitic dykes and sills of, i. [20];
ophitic structure from, [20];
basalt-terraces of, [24];
metamorphism by granophyre of, [95], [96];
volcanic scenery of, [103], [105];
dykes of, ii. [123], [124], [129], [139], [140], [146], [150], [152], [154], [160], [162], [164], [165], [173], [269];
bedded basalts of, [192], [249], [269];
tuffs of, [251];
connection of dykes and superficial lavas in, [269];
vents in, [280];
sills of, [304];
gabbro bosses of, i. [116]; ii. [334];
acid bosses of, [379];
acid sills of, [431];
acid dykes of, [437];
pitchstone veins of, [445];
subsidence of, [447]
Slaggy structure, i. [16], [33], [59], [282], [327], [339]; ii. [98], [187]
Slane, volcanic rocks near, i. [244]
Slate-tuffs, i. [180], [213], [234]
Slemish a volcanic neck, ii. [271]
Slieve Foye, ii. [421]
—— Gallion, ii. [200]
—— Gullion, ii. [422]

Small Isles, basalt-plateau of, ii. [215];
vents of, [288];
sills of, [318];
acid bosses of, [403];
acid sills of, [431]
Small, Mr. E. W., i. [207]
Smaragdite found in volcanic vents, i. [62]
Snowdon, volcanic rocks of, i. [20], [42], [47], [102], [175], [208], [209], [210], [211], [212], [213], [218], [226]
Soda-felsites, i. [183], [196], [247]
Solfataric action, i. [71]; ii. [185], [205], [388]
Sollas, Prof., i. [96]; ii. [175], [293], [415], [421], [422]
Solway, Carboniferous volcanic plateau of, i. [375], [385], [413]
Somerset, volcanic rocks of, ii. [32]
Somma, denudation of, i. [3], [100]
Spheroidal structure of dolerite, i. [456]
Spherulitic structure, i. [19], [20], [95], [120], [130], [155], [162], [184], [211], [232], [235], [346]; ii. [369], [381], [392], [432], [435], [437], [441], [446]
Spilosite, i. [262]
Springs, mineral, connected with volcanic action, i. [390], [445]
St. Abb's Head, i. [338]
Staffa, i. [25];
first notice of, ii. [109];
columnar basalts of, [186], [188], [210];
basalt conglomerate of, [195]
Staffordshire, latest eruptive rocks of, ii. [101], [103]
St. Andrews, old volcanoes near, ii. [71], [73], [87]
St. David's, Cambrian volcanic rocks of, i. [145]
—— Head, i. [205]
Steam in volcanic action, i. [13], [15], [16], [71]
Stecher, Dr., i. [421], [451]; ii. [165]
St. Kilda, dykes of, ii. [173], [416];
gabbro of, [358];
general account of geology of, [405];
granophyre of, [408]
Stocks, or bosses, i. [78], [88]
Strahan, Mr. A., i. [171]; ii. [10], [12], [23], [28], [32]
Strathaird, ii. [123], [140], [164], [269]
Strathbogie, i. [344]; ii. [121]
Strathmore, i. [304]
Stromboli, i. [4]
Sublimations, traces of ancient, i. [445]
Submarine eruptions, i. [48]
Sub-ophitic structure, i. [417]
Subsidence and volcanic action, i. [295], [297], [444], [463]; ii. [42], [205], [447], [470]
Subterranean igneous injections, i. [77] (see [Bosses], [Dykes], [Sills])
Suess, Prof. E., ii. [474]
Sun-cracks, i. [342]
Sweden, Archæan volcanic rocks of, i. [120]
Syenite, ii. [366]
Symes, Mr. R. G., i. [311], [343], [369]; ii. [201], [428]
Tate, G., ii. [3], [113]
—— R., ii. [204]
Tatlock, Mr. R. R., i. [273], [278]
Tawney, E. B., i. [157]
Teall, Mr. J. J. H., i. [90], [114], [116], [117], [118], [119], [120], [156], [192], [194], [200], [207], [210], [275], [277], [290], [311], [336], [338], [346], [407], [449]; ii. [2], [3], [5], [7], [11], [32], [44], [113], [131], [134], [135], [137], [138], [140], [144], [149], [292], [293], [329], [367], [368], [369]
Teesdale, i. [228]
Termier, M. P., ii. [375]
Terrestrial volcanic eruptions, i. [50]
Tertiary Volcanic Series, ii. [181]
Subaerial character of eruptions, ii. [103], [198]
Scenery of, ii. [255], [256], [349], [391], [405], [408]
The Plateaux, ii. [183], [249];
lavas of, [183], [218], [236], [256];
thickness of individual sheets, [192], [206], [254], [257];
lenticular character of lavas of, [193], [257];
greatest depth of, [210], [211], [213], [260];
tuffs and clays of, [194], [202], [204], [211], [222], [225], [251], [258], [277], [284], [287];
non-volcanic fragments in, [196], [211], [213], [219];
lignites of, [198], [203], [208], [213], [251];
gravels and conglomerates of, [198], [212], [238], [256];
coal of, [213], [251], [256], [287];
leaf-beds of, [204], [212], [222], [225], [288];
carbonaceous nature of the upper parts of intercalated sediments in, [223], [226], [227], [229], [232], [251], [288];
evidence for intervals between the eruptions in, [203], [205], [208], [221], [228], [240], [245], [251], [254], [288];
no evidence of great central vents in, [208], [214], [255], [258], [260], [267];
faulted condition of, [200], [208], [209], [452];
subsidences of, [205], [208], [209], [214], [447];
ancient river channels of, [217], [228], [231], [234], [456];
volcanic cones of, [202], [218], [230], [277], [281], [285];
paralleled by the modern Icelandic eruptions, [260];
vents of, [202], [218], [230], [270], [276]
The Basic sills, ii. [298], [304]
The Gabbro bosses, ii. [327], [349], [355], [358];
history of the gabbro intrusions, [359]
The Acid rocks, ii. [364];
petrography of, [366];
history of their investigation, [371];
analogies with trachytes of Central France, [373];
intruded at base of the gabbros or of the bedded basalts, [337], [353], [357], [431], [432], [444];
bosses of Skye, [378];
of Mull, [395];
of Small Isles, [405];
of St. Kilda, [405];
of Arran, [418];
of Carlingford, [420];
of Slieve Foye, and Barnavave, [421];
of Slieve Gullion, [422];
of Antrim, [426];
acid sills, [430];
acid dykes and veins, [437]
Metamorphism of the basalts, ii. [272], [276], [337], [339], [340], [347], [355], [356], [357], [358], [362], [378], [383], [386], [397], [399], [400], [404], [413]
Texture, varieties of, in igneous rocks, i. [78], [449]; ii. [5], [299], [360]
Tholeiites, ii. [137], [158]
Tholeiite type of basalt, i. [419], [421]
Thornhill, volcanic rocks of, ii. [60]
Thoroddsen, Th., ii. [261], [262], [263], [264], [265], [266], [278]
Thrust-planes, i. [229]
Time in geological history, ii. [107], [461], [465]
Timmins, J. H., i. [133]
Tinto, i. [278], [288], [329]
Titterstone Clee Hill, ii. [101]
Toadstones of Derbyshire, i. [359]; ii. [8]
Topley, W., i. [147]; ii. [3], [5], [7]
Torridonian rocks, i. [111], [112], [113], [120]; ii. [350]
Tortworth, volcanic rocks at, i. [238]
Tourmakeady, volcanic rocks of Bala age at, i. [251]
Townson, R., i. [363]
Trachyte, i. [183], [230], [246], [273], [276] (analysis), [379] (analysis), [386], [403], [407], [421]; ii. [36], [47], [96], [138], [152], [184], [236]
Traill, Mr. W., ii. [175], [421], [422]
Traprain Law, i. [372], [380], [403], [405]
Traquair, Dr. R. H., i. [266]
Tremadoc group, i. [144], [177]
Trevelyan, W. C., ii. [3]
Triassic eruptive rocks, i. [29];
geography, ii. [108]
Trichites, i. [19]; ii. [136]

Troctolite, ii. [332]
Tuffs, i. [31];
association of, [33];
composition of, [34];
alternations of, [34], [61];
blending of, with non-volcanic sediment, [35], [437];
fossiliferous, [36];
without lava, [36];
necks of, [58];
relation of, to lavas, [61];
metamorphism of, ii. [224]
—— pre-Cambrian, i, [125], [135];
Cambrian, [147], [151], [155], [163], [165], [167];
Silurian, [178], [189], [190], [195], [205], [209], [212], [213], [222], [224], [229], [232], [241], [245], [246], [254], [255];
Devonian, [262];
Old Red Sandstone, [279], [281], [289], [337], [339], [351];
Carboniferous, [381], [384], [387], [399], [422], [427], [429], [432], [436], [466]; ii. [11], [18], [24], [36];
Permian, [57], [58];
Tertiary, [194], [197], [202], [204], [211], [222]
Tyrol, Triassic eruptive rocks of, i. [29]
Tyrone, Old Red Sandstone of, i. [314]
Ulster, Old Red Sandstone volcanic rocks of, i. [314]
Ultra-basic rocks, i. [14], [118], [377], [417]
Unconformability, deceptive case of, i. [163]
Urgneiss, i. [110]
Uriconian volcanic rocks, i. [129]
Ussher, Mr. W. A. E., i. [260], [262]; ii. [35], [95]
Utah, laccolites of, i. [86];
volcanic regions of, ii. [115], [267]
Valleys, tendency of vents to appear in, i. [272], [368], [376]; ii. [61], [65], [96]
Vapours, action of volcanic, i. [13], [15], [16], [17], [31], [57], [72], [78], [97], [99], [180], [289], [426]
Variolitic structure, i. [21], [206], [235]
Veins, intrusive, i. [66], [77], [79], [98], [426], [429]; ii. [311], [313], [400], [410], [432], [437]
Velay, volcanic rocks of, i. [26], [27], [29], [60]; ii. [271], [373], [375]
Vents, volcanic, i. [53];
ground-plans of, [54];
size of, [55];
filled with non-volcanic detritus, [57];
ejected crystals found in, [62];
agglomerates of, [62]; ii. [13], [28], [47], [61], [69], [276], [280], [284], [288], [289];
stratification in, i. [63]; ii. [80];
metamorphism in, i. [67], [71];
metamorphism of rocks around, [72], [349], [350], [352], [399], [404], [432]; ii. [76], [272], [280];
connection of, with geological structure-lines, i. [68];
occurrence of, in lines and in groups, [69];
double and multiple, [69];
possible indications of length of activity of, [72];
inward dip of strata around, [73], [352]; ii. [76], [295];
stages in history of, i. [74];
tendency of, to rise in lines of valley, [272], [368], [376]; ii. [61], [65], [96], [468];
criteria for the relative ages of, [270];
connection of, with later eruptive bosses, [280], [384], [399], [400]
—— Silurian, i. [209], [214], [234];
Old Red Sandstone, [272], [287], [298], [305], [323], [328], [337];
Carboniferous, [394], [399], [400], [404], [406], [424], [465]; ii. [13], [28], [47];
Permian, [61], [69];
Tertiary, [202], [270], [294], [400]
Vesicular structure of lavas, i. [15]; ii. [187]
Vesuvius, denudation of, i. [3];
as an active volcano, [4];
as a type of volcano, [10], [39], [53], [100]; ii. [108], [115], [261], [266]
Vicary, Mr. W., ii. [95]
Vogesite, i. [277], [293]
Volcanello Island, i. [70]
Volcanic action, permanent traces of, i. [4];
of present time elucidates that of the past, [5];
submarine, [5];
transient effects of, [8];
chief factors in, [10];
explosive energy of, [13], [99];
uniformity of, in geological time, [13], ii. [470];
metamorphism by, i. [67], [71];
underground phases of, [77];
proofs of gradual quiescence of, [155], [157], [166];
connected with subsidence, [295], [297]; ii. [205], [444], [463], [470];
repetition of, in the same region, i. [368], [375], [377]; ii. [42], [69], [94], [467];
developed along continental borders, [466];
persistence of, in Britain, i. [7]; ii. [466];
connection of, with lines of geological structure, [468];
connection of, with terrestrial disturbance, [469];
gradual decline of, during Palæozoic time, [471];
quiescence of, during Mesozoic time, [472]
Volcanic cycles, i. [27], [92]
—— products, general characters of, i. [14];
persistent uniformity of, [30], [46];
thickest mass of, in Britain, [229] (see [Agglomerate], [Lava], [Tuff])
Volcano, Island of, i. [4], [24]
Volcanoes, their influence on mythology, i. [1], [2];
denudation of, [3];
number of extinct, [4];
ancient, of Britain, [6];
influence on scenery, [8], [100], [102];
defined, [10];
types of, [10], [39]; ii. [471];
determination of relative dates of, i. [46];
their geographical condition in old times, how ascertained, [48];
parasitic, [69];
contemporaneous denudation of, [73], [100];
connected with granite, [89];
incompleted, [86], [93], [99]
Vom Rath, G., ii. [474]
Wacke, i. [157]
Walcott, Mr., i. [30]
Wales, pre-Cambrian rocks of, i. [126], [142];
early geological work in, [142];
Cambrian volcanoes of, [145], [159];
volcanic scenery of, [176];
Silurian volcanoes of, [176], [202], [205], [207], [218], [219];
Old Red Sandstone of, [257], [259]
Waller, Mr. T. H., i. [171], [278]
Ward, J. C., i. [227], [228], [229], [230], [231], [233], [234], [235], [236], [237]; ii. [23]
Warwickshire, Cambrian rocks of, i. [137], [171]
Waterford, volcanic region of, i. [247]
Watts, Mr. W. W., i. [131], [132], [135], [137], [189], [190], [191], [243], [276], [278], [336], [347], [417], [421], [423]; ii. [40], [42], [43], [45], [57], [96], [184], [204], [224], [272], [424], [425]
Weaver, T., i. [238]
Wenlock group, i. [175];
volcanic rocks of, [552]
Wernerian School, ii. [109]
West Lothian, volcanic rocks of, i. [47], [55], [415], [433], [437]
Whin Sill of England, i. [83], [85], [97], [449]; ii. [2]
Whitehurst, J., ii. [9], [109]
White trap, i. [96], [426], [449], [456]; ii. [65], [87], [103], [165], [252]
Williams, Mr. G. J., i. [179], [185], [186], [188]
Williamson, W. C., i. [392]
Wilson, Mr. J. S. Grant, i. [148], [149], [153], [276], [344], [375], [379], [380]; ii. [137], [164]
Wilson, Mr. A., ii. [49]
Winch, N. T., ii. [113], [147]
Witham, H. T. M., ii. [113], [238]
Wood, N., ii. [113]
Woods, Mr. H., i. [204]
Woodward, Dr. Henry, ii. [449]
Woodward, Mr. H. B., ii. [32], [435], [453]
Worcestershire, latest eruptive rocks of, ii. [101]
Worth, Mr. R. N., ii. [99]
Wrekin, i. [130]
Wright, J. R., ii. [102]

Wunsch, E., i. [369], [392]
Würtemberg, puys of, i. [46]
Wyoming, lava-fields of, ii. [115]
Yates, J., i. [171]
Yellowstone Park, volcanic phenomena of, i. [29], [31]
Y-foel-frâs, i. [209], [214]
Y Glyder-Fach, i. [209]
Yoredale group, ii. [9], [13], [17]
Young, Mr. John, i. [369], [392]
Young, Prof. John, i. [294], [308]
Zircon, found in volcanic vents, i. [62]
Zirkel, Prof., ii. [327], [329], [334], [356], [364], [370], [372], [379], [430]

THE END

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Transcriber Note

Minor typos were corrected. A paragraph break was inserted in the last paragraph on pages [271] and [334] to accomodate placement of illustrations. To prevent images from splitting paragraphs, some text was moved.