A Short History of Astronomy

by Arthur Berry

INDEX OF NAMES.

Roman figures refer to the chapters, Arabic to the articles. The numbers given in brackets after the name of an astronomer are the dates of birth and death. All dates are A.D. unless otherwise stated. In cases in which an authors name occurs in several articles, the numbers of the articles in which the principal account of him or of his work is given are printed in clarendon type thus: 286. The names of living astronomers are italicised.

• Abul Wafa. See Wafa
• Adams (1819-1892), XIII. [286], [287], [289]
• Adelard. See Athelard
• Airy (1801-1892), X. [227] n; XIII. [281], [282]
• Albategnius (?-929), II. [53]; III. [59], [66], [68] n; IV. [84], [85]
• Albert (of Prussia), V. [94]
• Albertus Magnus (13th cent.), III. [67]
• Alcuin (735-804), III. [65]
• Alembert, d’. See D’Alembert
• Alexander, II. [31]
• Alfonso X. (1223-1284), III. [66], [68]; V. [94]
• Al Mamun, III. [57], [69]
• Al Mansur, III. [56]
• Al Rasid, III. [56]
• Alva, VII. [135]
• Anaxagoras (499 B.C.?-427 B.C.?), I. [17]
• Anaximander (610 B.C.-546 B.C.?), I. [11]
• Apian (1495-1552), III. [69]; V. [97]; VII. [146]
• Apollonius (latter half of [3]rd cent. B.C.), II. [38], [39], [45], [51], [52] n; X. [205]
• Arago, XII. [254]
• Archimedes, II. [52] n; III. [62]
• Argelander (1799-1875), XIII. [280]
• Aristarchus (earlier part of [3]rd cent. B.C.), II. [24], [32], [41], [42], [54]; IV. [75]
• Aristophanes, II. [19]
• Aristotle (384 B.C.-322 B.C.), II. [24],[27-30], [31], [47], [51], [52]; III. [56], [66], [67], [68]; IV. [70], [77]; V. [100]; VI. [116], [121], [125], [134]; VIII. [163]
• Aristyllus (earlier part of [3]rd cent. B.C.), II. [32], [42]
• Arzachel (fl. 1080), III. [61], [66]
• d’Ascoli, Cecco (13th cent.), III. [67]
• Athelard (beginning of [12]th cent.), III. [66]
• Auzout (?-1691), VIII. [155], [160]; X. [198]
• Bacon, Francis (1561-1627), VI. [134]; VIII. [163]
• Bacon, Roger (1214?-1294), III. [67]; VI. [118]
• Bailly, XI. [237]
• Ball, XIII. [278] n
• Bär, Reymers (Ursus) (?-1600), V. [105]
• Barberini (Urban VIII.), VI. [125], [127], [131], [132]
• Barnard, XIII. [294], [295]
• Baronius, VI. [125]
• Barrow, Isaac, IX. [166]
• Bayer, XII. [266]
• Bede, III. [65]
• Begh, Ulugh. See Ulugh Begh
• Bellarmine, VI. [126]
• Bentley, IX. [191]
• Berenice, I. [12]
• Bernouilli, Daniel (1700-1782), XI. [230]
• Bernouilli, James (1654-1705), XI. [230]
• Bernouilli, John (1667-1748), XI. [229], [230]
• Bessel (1784-1846), X. [198] n, [218]; XIII. [272], [277-278], [279], [280]
• Bille, V. [99]
• Bliss (1700-1764), X. [219]
• Bond, William Cranch (1789-1859), XIII. [295]
• Borelli (1608-1679), IX. [170]
• Bouguer (1698-1758), X. [219], [221]
• Boullian. See Bullialdus
• Bouvard, XI. [247] n; XIII. [289]
• Bradley (1693-1762), X. [198], [206-218], [219], [222-226]; XI. [233]; XII. [257], [258], [263], [264]; XIII. [272], [273], [275], [277]
• Brahe, Tycho (1546-1601), III. [60], [62]; V. [97], [98] n, [99-112]; VI. [113], [117], [127]; VII. [136-139], [141] n, [142], [145], [146], [148]; VIII. [152], [153], [162]; IX. [190]; X. [198], [203], [225]; XII. [257]; XIII. [275]
• Brudzewski, IV. [71]
• Bruno, VI. [132]
• Bullialdus (1605-1694), XII. [266]
• Bunsen, XIII. [299]
• Burckhardt (1773-1825), XI. [241]
• Bürg (1766-1834), XI. [241]
• Bürgi (1552-1632), V. [97], [98]; VIII. [157]
• Burney, Miss, XII. [260]
• Burnham, XIII. [309]
• Caccini, VI, [125]
• Caesar, II. [21]; III. [67]
• Callippus (4th cent. B.C.), II. [20], [26], [27]
• Capella, Martianus (5th or [6]th cent. A.D.), IV. [75]
• Carlyle, XI. [232]
• Carrington (1826-1875), XIII. [298], [302]
• Cartesius. See Descartes
• Cassini, Count (1748-1845), X. [220]
• Cassini, Giovanni Domenico (1625-1712), VIII. [160], [161]; IX. [187]; X. [216], [220], [221], [223]; XII. [253], [267]; XIII. [297]
• Cassini, Jacques (1677-1756), X. [220], [221], [222]
• Cassini de Thury (1714-1784), X. [220]
• Castelli, VI. [125]
• Catherine II., X. [227]; XI. [230], [232]
• Cavendish (1731-1810), X. [219]
• Cecco d’Ascoli (1257?-1327), III. [67]
• Chandler, XIII. [285]
• Charlemagne, III. [65]
• Charles II., X. [197], [223]
• Charlois, XIII. [294]
• Christian (of Denmark), V. [106]
• Christine (the Grand Duchess), VI. [125]
• Clairaut (1713-1765), XI. [229], [230], [231], [232], [233-235], [237], [239], [248]; XIII. [290]
• Clement VII., IV. [73]
• Clerke, XIII. [289] n
• Clifford, IX. [173] n
• Colombe, Ludovico delle, VI. [119] n
• Columbus, III. [68]
• La Condamine (1701-1774), X. [219], [221]
• Conti, VI. [125]
• Cook, X. [227]
• Coppernicus (1473-1543), II. [24], [41] n, [54]; III. [55], [62], [69]; IV. passim; V. [93-97], [100], [105], [110], [111]; VI. [117], [126], [127], [129]; VII. [139], [150]; IX. [186], [194]; XII. [257]; XIII. [279]
• Cornu, XIII. [283]
• Cosmo de Medici, VI. [121]
• Cotes (1682-1716), IX. [192]
• Crosthwait, X. [198]
• Cusa, Nicholas of (1401-1464), IV. [75]
• D’Alembert (1717-1783), X. [215]; XI. [229], [230], [231] n, [232-235], [237-239], [248]
• Damoiseau (1768-1846), XIII. [286]
• Dante, III. [67]; VI. [119] n
• Darwin, XIII. [292], [320]
• Da Vinci. See Vinci
• Dawes (1799-1868), XIII. [295]
• Delambre, II. [44]; X. [218]; XI. [247] n; XIII. [272]
• Delaunay (1816-1872), XIII [286], [287]
• De Morgan, II. [52] n
• Descartes (1596-1650), VIII. [163]
• Diderot, XI. [232]
• Digges, Leonard (?-1571?), VI. [118]
• Digges, Thomas (?-1595), V. [95]
• Donati (1826-1873), XIII. [304]
• Doppler (1803-1853), XIII. [302]
• Dreyer, XIII. [308]
• Dunér, XIII. [302]
• Ecphantus (5th or [6]th cent. B.C.), II. [24]
• Eddin, Nassir (1201-1273), III. [62], [68]; IV. [73]
• Encke (1791-1865), X. [227]; XIII. [284]
• Eratosthenes (276 B.C.-195 or [196] B.C.), II. [33], [45], [54]; X. [221]
• Euclid (fl. [300] B.C.), II. [33], [52] n; III. [62], [66]; VI. [115]; IX. [165]
• Eudoxus (409 B.C.?-356 B.C.?), II. [26], [27], [38], [42], [51]
• Euler (1707-1783), X. [215], [226]; XI. [229], [230], [231] n, [233-236], [237], [239], [242], [243]; XIII. [290]
• Fabricius, John (1587-1615?), VI. [124]
• Ferdinand (the Emperor), VII. [137], [147]
• Fernel (1497-1558), III. [69]
• Ferrel, XIII. [287]
• Field (1525?-1587), V. [95]
• Fizeau (1819-1896), XIII. [283]
• Flamsteed (1646-1720), IX. [192]; X. [197], [198], [199], [204], [207] n, [218], [225]; XII. [257]; XIII. [275], [281]
• Fracastor (1483-1553), III. [69]; IV. [89]; VII. [146]
• Fraunhofer (1787-1826), XIII. [299], [311]
• Frederick II. (of Denmark), V. [101], [102], [106]
• Frederick II. (the Emperor), III. [66]
• Frederick II. (of Prussia), XI. [230], [232], [237]
• Galen, II. [20]; III. [56]; VI. [116]
• Galilei, Galileo (1564-1642), II. [30] n, [47]; IV. [73]; V. [96], [98] n; VI. passim; VII. [135], [136], [138], [145], [151]; VIII. [152-154], [157], [163]; IX. [165], [168], [170], [171], [173], [179], [180], [186], [190], [195]; X. [216]; XII. [253], [257], [263], [268]; XIII. [278], [295]
• Galilei, Vincenzo, VI. [113]
• Galle, XIII. [281], [289]
• Gascoigne (1612?-1644), VIII. [155], [156]; X. [198]
• Gauss (1777-1855), XIII. [275], [276], [294]
• Gautier (1793-1881), XIII. [298]
• Genghis Khan, III. [62]
• George III, XII. [254-256]
• Gerbert (?-1003), III. [66]
• Gherardo of Cremona (1114-1187), III. [66]
• Gibbon, II. [53] n
• Giese, IV. [74]
• Gilbert (1540-1603), VII. [150]
• Gill, XIII. [280], [281]
• Glaisher, XIII. [289] n
• Godin (1704-1760), X. [221]
• Goodricke (1764-1786), XII. [266]
• Grant, XIII, [289] n
• Grassi, VI. [127]
• Gregory, James (1638-1675), IX. [168], [169]; X. [202]
• Gregory XIII., II. [22]
• Gyldén (1841-1896), XIII. [288]
• Hainzel, V. [99]
• Hale, XIII. [301]
• Halifax, John. See Sacrobosco
• Halifax (Marquis of), IX. [191]
• Hall, XIII. [283] n, [295]
• Halley (1656-1742), VIII. [156]; IX. [176], [177], [192] n; X. [198], [199-205], [206], [216], [223], [224], [227]; XI. [231], [233], [235], [243]; XII. [265]; XIII. [287], [290]
• Hansen (1795-1874), XIII. [282], [284], [286], [290]
• Harkness, XIII. [301]
• Harriot (1560-1621), VI. [118], [124]
• Harrison, X. [226]
• Harun al Rasid, III. [56]
• Helmholtz (1821-1894), XIII. [319]
• Hencke (1793-1866), XIII. [294]
• Henderson (1798-1844), XIII. [279]
• Heraclitus (5th cent. B.C.), [11], [24]
• Herschel, Alexander, XII. [251]
• Herschel, Caroline (1750-1848), XII. [251], [254-256], [260]
• Herschel, John (1792-1871), I. [12]; X. [221]; XI. [242]; XII. [256]; XIII. [289] n, [306-308], [309], [316], [317], [319]
• Herschel, William (1738-1822), IX. [168]; X. [223], [227]; XI. [250]; XII. passim; XIII. [272], [273], [294], [296], [306-311], [317], [318]
• Hesiod, [11], [19], [20]
• Hevel (1611-1687), VIII. [153]; X. [198]; XII. [268]
• Hicetas (6th or [5]th cent. B.C.), II. [24]; IV. [75]
• Hill, XI. [233] n; XIII. [286], [290]
• Hipparchus (2nd cent. B.C.), I. [13]; II. [25], [27], [31], [32], [37-44], [45], [47-52], [54]; III [63], [68]; IV. [73], [84]; V. [111]; VII. [145]
• Hippocrates, III. [56]
• Holwarda (1618-1651), XII. [266]
• Holywood. See Sacrobosco
• Honein ben Ishak (?-873), III. [56]
• Hooke (1635-1703), IX. [174], [176]; X. [207], [212]
• Horky, VI. [121]
• Horrocks (1617?-1641), VIII. [156]; IX. [183]; X. [204]
• Howlett, XIII. [298]
• Huggins, XIII. [301], [304], [311-313]
• Hulagu Khan, III. [62]
• Humboldt, XIII. [298]
• Hutton (1737-1823), X. [219]
• Huygens (1629-1695), V. [98] n; VI. [123]; VIII. [154], [155], [157], [158]; IX. [170-172], [191]
• Hypatia (?-415), II. [53]
• Ibn Yunos. See Yunos
• Ishak ben Honein (?-910 or 911), III. [56]
• James I., V. [102]; VII. [147]
• James II., IX. [192]
• Janssen, XIII. [301], [307] n
• Joachim. See Rheticus
• Kaas, V. [106]
• Kant, XI. [250]; XII. [258], [260]; XIII. [287]
• Kapteyn, XIII. [280]
• Kelvin, XIII. [292]
• Kepler (1571-1630), II. [23], [51] n, [54]; IV. [91]; V. [94], [100], [104], [108-110]; VI. [113], [121], [130], [132]; VII. passim; VIII. [152], [156], [160]; IX. [168-170], [172], [175], [176], [190], [194], [195]; X. [202], [205], [220]; XI. [228], [244]; XIII. [294], [301], [309]
• Kirchhoff (1824-1887), XIII. [299], [300], [311]
• Kirkwood (1815-1895), XIII. [294], [297]
• Koppernigk, IV. [71]
• Korra, Tabit ben. See Tabit
• Lacaille (1713-1762), X.[222-224], [225], [227]; XI. [230], [233], [235]; XII. [257], [259]
• La Condamine (1701-1774), X. [219], [221]
• Lagrange (1736-1813), IX. [193]; XI. [229], [231] n, [233] n, [236], [237], [238-240], [242-245], [247], [248]; XII. [251]; XIII. [293], [294]
• Lalande (1732-1807), XI. [235], [241], [247] n; XII. [265]
• Lambert (1728-1777), XI. [243]; XII. [265]
• Lami, IX. [180] n
• Landgrave of Hesse. See William IV.
• Langley, XIII. [307]
• Lansberg (1561-1632), VIII. [156]
• Laplace (1749-1827), XI. [229], [231] n, [238-248], [250]; XII. [251], [256]; XIII. [272], [273], [282], [286-288], [290], [293], [297], [318-320]
• Lassell (1799-1880), XII. [267]; XIII. [295]
• Lavoisier, XI. [237]
• Legendre (1752-1833), XIII. [275], [276]
• Leibniz, IX. [191], [193]
• Lemaire, XII. [255]
• Leverrier (1811-1877), XIII. [282], [284], [288], [289], [290], [293], [294]
• Lexell (1740-1784), XII. [253]
• Lindenau, XI. [247] n
• Lionardo da Vinci. See Vinci
• Lippersheim (?-1619), VI. [118]
• Locke, IX. [191]
• Lockyer, XIII. [301], [302]
• Loewy, XIII. [283] n
• Louis XIV., VIII. [160]
• Louis XVI., XI. [237]
• Louville (1671-1732), XI. [229]
• Lubbock (1803-1865), XIII. [286], [292]
• Luther, IV. [73]; V. [93]
• Machin (?-1751), X. [214]
• Maclaurin (1698-1746), X. [196]; XI. [230], [231]; XII. [251]
• Maestlin, VII. [135]
• Maraldi, X. [220]
• Marius (1570-1624), VI. [118]; VII. [145]
• Martianus Capella. See Capella
• Maskelyne (1732-1811), X. [219]; XII. [254], [265]
• Mason (1730-1787), X. [226]; XI. [241]
• Matthias (the Emperor), VII. [143], [147]
• Maupertuis (1698-1759), X. [213], [221]; XI. [229], [231]
• Maxwell (1831-1879), XIII. [297]
• Mayer, Tobias (1723-1762), X. [217], [225], [226]; XI. [233], [241]; XII. [265]
• Melanchthon, IV. [73], [74]; V. [93]
• Messier (1730-1817), XII. [259], [260]
• Meton (460 B.C.?-?), II. [20]
• Michel Angelo, VI. [113]
• Michell, John (1724-1793), X. [219]; XII. [263], [264]
• Michelson, XIII. [283]
• Molyneux (1689-1728), X. [207]
• Montanari (1632-1687), XII. [266]
• Müller. See Regiomontanus
• Napier, V. [97] n
• Napoleon I., XI. [238]; XII. [256]
• Napoleon, Lucien, XI. [238] n
• Nassir Eddin. See Eddin, Nassir
• Newcomb, X. [227] n; XIII. [283], [286], [290]
• Newton (1643-1727). II. [54]; IV. [75]; VI. [130], [133], [134]; VII. [144], [150]; VIII. [152]; IX. passim; X. [196-200], [211], [213], [215-217], [219], [221]; XI. [228], [229], [231-235], [238], [249]; XII. [257]; XIII. [273], [299]
• Niccolini, VI. [132]
• Nicholas of Cusa (1401-1464), IV. [75]
• Nonius (1492-1577), III. [69]
• Norwood (1590?-1675), VIII. [159]; IX. [173]
• Numa, II. [21]
• Nunez. See Nonius
• Nyrén, XIII. [283] n
• Olbers (1758-1840), XIII. [294]
• Orange, Prince of, V. [107]
• Osiander, IV. [74]; V. [93]
• Palisa, XIII. [294]
• Palitzsch (1723-1788), XI. [231]
• Pemberton, IX. [192]
• Philolaus (5th cent. B.C.), II. [24]; IV. [75]
• Piazzi (1746-1826), XIII. [294]
• Picard (1620-1682), VIII. [155], [157], [159-161], [162]; IX. [174]; X. [196], [198], [221]
• Pickering, XIII. [314], [316]
• Plana (1781-1869), XIII. [286]
• Plato (428 B.C.?-347 B.C.?), II. [24], [25], [26], [51]; IV. [70]
• Plato of Tivoli (fl. 1116), III. [66]
• Pliny (23 A.D.-79 A.D.), II. [45]
• Plutarch, II. [24]; XIII. [301]
• Pogson (1829-1891), XIII. [316]
• Poincaré, XIII. [288]
• Poisson (1781-1840), XIII. [286], [293]
• Pontécoulant (1795-1874), XIII. [286]
• Porta, VI. [118]
• Posidonius (135 B.C.?-51 B.C.?), II [45], [47]
• Pouillet (1791-1868), XIII. [307], [319]
• Pound, X. [206], [216]
• Prévost (1751-1839), XII. [265]
• Pritchard (1808-1893), XIII. [278] n, [279], [316]
• Ptolemy, Claudius (fl. [140] A.D.), II. [25], [27], [32], [37], [46-52], [53], [54]; III. [55], [57], [59-63], [68]; IV. [70], [76], [80], [83-87], [89], [91]; V. [94], [105]; VI. [121], [129], [134]; VII. [145]; VIII. [161]; IX. [194]; X. [205]; XI. [236]
• Ptolemy Philadelphus, II. [31]
• Purbach (1423-1461), III. [68]; IV. [71]
• Pythagoras (6th cent. B.C.), I. [11], [14]; II. [23], [28], [47], [51], [54]
• Recorde (1510-1558), V. [95]
• Regiomontanus (1436-1476), III. [68], [69]; IV. [70], [71]; V. [97], [110]
• Reimarus. See Bär
• Reinhold (1511-1553), V.[93-96]; VII. [139]
• Reymers. See Bär
• Rheticus (1514-1576), IV. [73], [74]; V. [93], [94], [96]
• Ricardo, II. [47] n
• Riccioli (1598-1671), VIII. [153]
• Richer (?-1696), VIII. [161]; IX. [180], [187]; X. [199], [221]
• Rigaud. X. [206] n
• Roemer (1644-1710), VIII. [162]; X. [198], [210], [216], [220], [225]; XIII. [283]
• Rosse (1800-1867), XIII. [310], [317]
• Rothmann (fl. 1580), V. [97], [98], [106]
• Rudolph II. (the Emperor), V. [106-108]; VII. [138], [142], [143]
• Sabine (1788-1883), XIII. [298]
• Sacrobosco (?-1256?), III. [67], [68]
• St. Pierre, X. [197]
• Savary (1797-1841), XIII. [309]
• Scheiner (1575-1650), VI. [124], [125]; VII. [138]; VIII. [153]; XII. [268]
• Schiaparelli, XIII. [297]
• Schomberg, IV. [73]
• Schoner, IV. [74]
• Schönfeld (1828-1891), XIII. [280]
• Schroeter (1745-1816), XII. [267], [271]
• Schwabe (1789-1875), XIII. [298]
• Secchi (1818-1878), XIII. [311], [312]
• See, XIII. [320]
• Seleucus (2nd cent, B.C.), II. [24]
• Shakespeare, VI. [113]
• Sharp (1651-1742), X. [198]
• Slusius, IX. [169]
• Smith, XII. [251]
• Snell (1591-1626), VIII. [159]; IX. [173]
• Sosigenes (fl. [45] B.C.), II. [21]
• South (1785-1867), XIII. [306]
• Struve, F. G. W. (1793-1864), XIII. [279], [309]
• Struve, O., XIII. [283] n
• Svanberg (1771-1851), X. [221]
• Sylvester II. See Gerbert
• Tabit ben Korra (836-901), III. [56], [58], [68]; IV. [84]
• Tamerlane, III. [63]
• Tannery, II. [36] n
• Thales (640 B.C.?-546 B.C.?), II. [23]; III. [55]
• Theon (fl. 365 A.D.), II. [53]
• Theophrastus, II. [24]
• Theophylactus, IV. [72]
• Thomson, T., X. [208] n
• Thomson, William. See Kelvin
• Thury, Cassini de. See Cassini de Thury
• Timocharis (beginning of [3]rd cent. B.C.). II. [32], [42]; IV. [84]
• Tycho Brahe, See Brahe
• Ulugh Begh (1394-1449), III. [63], [68]; IV. [73]
• Urban VIII. (Barberini), VI. [125], [127], [131], [132]
• Ursus. See Bär
• Varignon, IX. [180] n
• Vinci, Lionardo da (1452-1519), III. [69]
• Vogel, XIII. [313], [314]
• Voltaire, II. [21]; XI, [229]
• Wafa, Abul (939 or 940-998), III. [60], [68] n; IV. [85]; V. [111]
• Wallenstein, VII. [149]
• Walther (1430-1504), III. [68]; V. [97]
• Wargentin (1717-1783), X. [216]
• Watzelrode, IV. [71]
• Wefa. See Wafa
• Welser, VI. [124]
• Whewell (1794-1866), XIII. [292]
• William IV. (Landgrave of Hesse) (1532-1592), V. [97], [98], [100], [105], [106], [110]
• Wilson (1714-1786), XII. [268]; XIII. [298]
• Wolf, Max, XIII. [294]
• Wolf, Rudolf (1816-1893), XIII. [298]
• Wollaston (1766-1828), XIII. [299]
• Wren (1632-1723), IX. [174], [176]
• Wright, Thomas (1711-1786), XII. [258], [265]
• Young, XIII. [301]
• Yunos, Ibn (?-1008), III. [60], [62], [68] n
• von Zach, XI. [247] n

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