The Discoveries of America to the Year 1525

by Arthur James Weise

INDEX.

• Abaco, Great and Little, [107], [184].
• Abaiòa, town, [224].
• Aborigines, [1], [18], [19]. (See [Indians].)
• Abraham, [5].
• Abreu, Capistrano de, [213], [220].
• Abyla, mountain, [4].
• Abyssinia, [58].
• Acla, [228].
• Adam, tomb of, [57].
• Adam of Bremen, [40], [41].
• Adamanai, island, [154].
• Adams, Clement, [203].
• Æthiopia, [60], [212].
• Africa, [4], [5], [59], [60], [61], [63], [64], [69], [70], [73], [77], [85], [219].
• Afranius, L., [60].
• Agave, [249], [252].
• Agesingue, [85].
• Aggoncy, [351], [359], [360].
• Agnaneo, island, [221].
• Aguados, [78].
• Aguajaluco, [234].
• Aguilar, Geronimo de, [239], [240], [242], [267].
• Aguino, Marcos de, [265].
• Ajes, [129].
• Alabama, [275].
• Alaminos, [275].
• Albany, N. Y., [357], [361], [362], [363].
• Albuquerque, Affonso d’, [285].
• Alderley, Lord Stanley of, [295].
• Alexander VI., Pope, [142], [145].
• Alexandria, [59], [194].
• Alfonce, Jan. (See [Alphonse].)
• Alfragranus, [75], [76].
• Allfonsce, Jehan. (See [Alphonse].)
• Aloe, [124], [136].
• Alonso X., [61].
• Alphonse, Jean, [352], [353-356], [358].
• Altars, [235].
• Alvarador, Pedro de, [236].
• Amalfi, [63].
• Amasis, [2].
• Amatl, [264], [268].
• Amber, [264], [268].
• America, name, [218], [219].
• Amerige, name, [218], [219].
• Amoretti, Carlo, [295].
• Ampheres, [8].
• Ampolletas, [69].
• Anaximander, [71].
• Ancon bajo, [279].
• Andaman, [57].
• Andrada, Francisco d’, [300], [301].
• Andros, island, [107].
• Angelo, Michael, [265].
• Angels, [5].
• Anghiera, [181].
• Ango, Jean, [298], [339].
• Ango & Son, [339].
• Angoulême, [319].
• Animals, domesticated, [109], [116], [123], [147], [231], [268], [283].
• Animals, wild, [8], [166], [202], [215], [268], [308], [324].
• Anicatiye, [281].
• Aniuez, les, [346].
• Anormée Berge, L’, [348], [349], [350], [351];
• le fort d’, [359], [360].
• Anoxa, [281].
• Antediluvians, [1], [6].
• Antilla, island, [79], [84].
• Antipater, Cælius, [60].
• Antipodes, [88], [89].
• Antiquaries, Royal Soc. of Northern, [23], [33], [34].
• Apianus, Petrus, [219].
• Appalachee Bay, [279].
• Appalachicola Bay, [270].
• Aqueducts, [1], [10], [12], [252], [270].
• Arabian Gulf, [60].
• Arabian Sea, [59].
• Arambe, [281], [284].
• Arctic Ocean, [217].
• Aristotle, [71], [332], [336].
• Arna-Magnœan collection, [34].
• Arnold, Governor Benedict, [43].
• Arona, [181].
• Arana, Diego, [133], [149].
• Arroba, [123].
• Arrows. (See [Indians].)
• Arsenals, [264].
• Asher, G. M., [300].
• Asia, [4], [57], [142], [153], [192], [215], [219];
• wife of Prometheus, [219].
• Asius, [219].
• Astrolabe, [66-68], [79], [125], [128].
• Athenæus, [198].
• Athens, [17].
• Atlantic empire, [5], [8], [17];
• island, [4-21], [80];
• ocean, early navigation of, [4], [59];
• name, [7];
• impassable, [17], [18], [21];
• navigated, [72], [79], [80], [89];
• race, [17].
• Atlas, [7], [8].
• Atwood’s key, [107], [108].
• Aubert, Thomas, [298], [299].
• Autochthon, [8].
• Avila, Pedro Arias de, [229].
• Axes, [236], [237].
• Ayala, Pedro de, [195].
• Ayllon, Lucas Vasquez de, [279], [281], [282], [284].
• Azaës, [8].
• Azores, [67], [74], [78], [79], [140], [145], [157], [158], [213].
• Bacallaos or baccallaos, land of, [197], [200], [202], [330].
• Bachian, island, [294].
• Bacon, Roger, [62].
• Badajos, congress of, [296].
• Badakhshan, [57].
• Bahamas, the, [107].
• Bahia de todos os Santos, [214].
• Bakelos, name, [198], [203].
• Balboa, Vasco Nuñez de, [225-228].
• Banda, [292].
• Bardsen, Ivar, treatise of, [23].
• Barges or bèrges, [248], [349].
• Barrett, William, [188].
• Barros, Joam de, [68].
• Bartolomé, Francisco, [240].
• Basanier, M., [357], [358].
• Bastidas, Rodrigo de, [174], [225].
• Baths, [12], [266].
• Baya Isleos, [330].
• Beamish, North Ludlow, [25].
• Bear, the Great and Little, [213].
• Bears, [199], [202].
• Beaufort, N. C., [310].
• Behaim, Martin, [67], [80], [290].
• Behring’s Strait, [303], [308].
• Behring, Vitus, [308].
• Beimeni, island of, [221], [224], [278].
• Belem, [177].
• Belle Isle, Strait of, [297], [345].
• Bells, [176].
• Beneventanus, Marcus, [215].
• Benewitz, Peter, [219].
• Berg, Joshua van, [74].
• Bergenroth, G. A., [187].
• Bermudas, [356].
• Bermudez, Juan, [356].
• Bernaldez, Andres, [120].
• Bernardino, Cardinal, [154].
• Berruguette, Alonso, [265].
• Beseneghe, [212].
• Bethlem, [177].
• Bethune, Vice-admiral, [64].
• Bible, La, [61].
• Biddle, Richard, [195].
• Bimini, fountain of, [222], [224];
• island of, [224], [278].
• Birds, [100], [103], [104], [105], [109], [116], [122], [123], [147], [166], [181], [203], [308].
• Bjanneyjar, [34].
• Bjarni, voyages of, [25-27], [37], [40].
• Block Island, [320].
• Blood-letting, [164], [298].
• Bobadilla, Francisco de, [172].
• Boemia, Martin of, [290].
• Bohemia, Martin of, [67].
• Bohio or Bosio, [114], [130], [133].
• Boiuca, [221].
• Borriquen, island of, [148], [221].
• Boulenger, Ludovicus, [219].
• Bourbon, Charles de, [338].
• Boursier, Jacques, [339].
• Bows. (See [Indians].)
• Bradley, Thomas, [195].
• Brahmans, [57].
• Brass, [8], [269].
• Brattahlid, [24], [28].
• Brazil, [173], [206], [207], [212], [213], [214], [216], [220], [228], [286], [300], [352], [359];
• island of, [195];
• port of, [175], [179].
• Brazil-wood, [216], [229], [286].
• Breidafjörd, [25].
• Bretons, [297].
• Brevoort, James Carson, [343].
• Bridges, [164], [258], [270].
• Brisa or Briso, island, [320].
• Bristol, [73], [188], [189], [192], [194], [195], [196], [197], [199].
• Britons, [297].
• Brittany, [301], [304].
• Brodhead, John Romeyn, [362].
• Brown, Rawdon, [190].
• Brunelleschi, Alderotto, [338].
• Buil, Friar Bernardo, [152], [196].
• Burma, [57].
• Bygd, [24].
• Cabo Bajo, [330].
• Cabo Casinas, [175].
• Cabo de Arenas, [330].
• Cabo de Boa Esperança, [69].
• Cabo de Campana, [126].
• Cabo de Cinquin, [127].
• Cabo de Corrientes, [224].
• Cabo de Cuba, [125].
• Cabo de las Conchas, [171].
• Cabo de las Higueras, [278].
• Cabo del Elefante, [127].
• Cabo del Estrella, [127].
• Cabo del Isles, [115].
• Cabo del Monte, [127].
• Cabo del Pico, [126].
• Cabo de Palmas, [118].
• Cabo de San Nicolas, [152].
• Cabo de Santa Elena, [279], [280], [284], [330].
• Cabo Deseado, [292], [293].
• Cabo Fuerte, [152].
• Cabo Hermoso, [114].
• Cabo Lindo, [127].
• Cabo Santa Cruz, [154].
• Cabo Santa Maria de la Consolacion, [174].
• Caboto, Giovanni, his proposals to Henry VII. of England; sails from Bristol, [188];
• his voyage, [188], [189];
• Prima Tierra Vista, [190];
• island of Sant Joan, [190];
• maps, [185], [191], [192];
• Soncino’s account of his discoveries, [192-194];
• his globe, [193];
• Cabot’s second voyage, [194], [195];
• described, [195], [196];
• field of his discoveries, [185], [201], [210], [300].
• Caboto, Ludovicus (Lewis), [188].
• Caboto, Sanctus, [188].
• Caboto, Sebastiano, his voyages, [196-199];
• extent of his explorations, [200], [202];
• his maps and discoveries, [203], [204];
• congress of Badajos, [296].
• Cabo Tormentoso, [69], [205].
• Cabot. (See [Caboto].)
• Cabral, Pedro Alvarez, [206], [207].
• Cacamatzin, prince of, [256], [260].
• Cacao, [267];
• liquor, [263];
• nuts, [176], [269].
• Cadamosto, Luigi da, [66], [300].
• Cadiz, [7], [60]. (See Gades.)
• Cæsar, calendar of Julius, [107].
• Caiougas, [346].
• Calachionies, [239].
• Calicut, [206], [336].
• Calpe, mountain, [4].
• Cam, Diogo, [67].
• Cambaluc, [57].
• Camos, Martin, [238].
• Campeachy, [230], [238].
• Canada, [345], [354], [355];
• river of, [357];
• island of, [357], [358].
• Canals, [9], [10], [13], [14], [252].
• Canary Islands, [72], [74], [79], [95], [97], [104], [134], [158], [160].
• Cañaveral, [279].
• Cannibals. (See [Indians].)
• Canoes. (See [Indians].)
• Cano, Sebastian del, [295].
• Canso, Strait of, [201].
• Cantino, Alberto, [211].
• Capac, [289].
• Cap de la Franciscane, [354].
• Cape Bojador, [64], [66], [145].
• Cape Breton, [342], [351], [354], [355].
• Cape Breton Island, [191], [201], [297].
• Cape Briton. (See [Cape Breton].)
• Cape Buona Vista, [297].
• Cape Catticara, [293].
• Cape Charles, [314].
• Cape Comorin, [294].
• Cape de Bertoni. (See [Cape Breton].)
• Cape de Não, [63], [64].
• C. de S. Maria, [316], [319].
• Cape Fear, [306].
• Cape Henry, [314].
• Cape Lookout, [310].
• Cape Neddock, [329].
• Cape North, [201].
• Cape of England, [185], [201].
• Cape of Florida, [224].
• Cape of Good Hope, [69], [85], [205], [323].
• Cape of Norombègue, [354], [355].
• Cape of St. John, [354].
• Cape of St. Mary, [316], [319].
• Cape of the Bretons, [297]. (See [Cape Breton].)
• Cape of the Franciscan, [354].
• Cape of the Holy Spirit, [289].
• Cape of the Virgins, [289], [292].
• Cape Prince of Wales, [308].
• Cape Ras, [297].
• Cape Ray, [201].
• Cape St. Augustine, [212], [229], [286].
• Cape St. Roque, [228].
• Cape St. Vincent, [77], [84].
• Cape Verd, [74], [78].
• Cape Verd Islands, [72], [74], [75], [86], [145], [146], [168].
• Caradoc of Llancarvan, [43].
• Caravels, [96], [180].
• Caria, sierras of, [215].
• Cariay, [178].
• Caribbees, [148].
• Caribbean Islands, [174].
• Caribi, [160].
• Caris, island of, [135].
• Carixagusignanin, [281].
• Carli, Fernando, [302], [335].
• Carli, Francisco, [338].
• Carolinas, archipelago, [85].
• Carpets, [260].
• Carreira, Visconde da, [64].
• Carroll, B. R., [309].
• Carthagena, Juan de, [289].
• Carthaginian merchants, [79].
• Cartier, Jacques, [42], [344], [345], [352].
• Cartier, John, [195].
• Carvajal, Alonzo Sanchez de, [152].
• Casada, Caspar de, [289], [292].
• Casas, Bartolomé de las, [107], [118], [126].
• Caspian Sea, [75], [334].
• Cassava, [242].
• Cassia, [213], [216].
• Castellanos de Oro, [250].
• Castilblanco, [250].
• Castilla del Oro, [183].
• Castle Island, [361], [362], [363].
• Cathay, [51], [58], [72], [74], [82], [84], [118], [125], [174], [175], [178], [180], [182], [186], [188], [199], [201], [205], [207], [284], [297], [301], [306], [332], [336].
• Cat Island, [107], [108].
• Cattigara, [227].
• Caunaboa, [149], [156].
• Causeways, [256], [257], [258], [270].
• Cautio, [223].
• Cavalcanti, Guido, [62].
• Cavo de Inglaterra, [185], [201].
• Cāzabi, [164].
• Cazadilla, Diego Ortiz de, [86].
• Celer, Q. Metellus, [60].
• Cemies, [154], [155].
• Cempoalla, [249].
• Ceuta, [63].
• Ceylon, [57].
• Chabot Philippe, [339].
• Chalchihuis stones, [251], [259], [265].
• Champlain, Samuel de, [68], [347], [348].
• Champoton, [230], [233].
• Chapultepec, [252], [270].
• Charles V., of Spain, [191], [199], [240], [249].
• Charles’s wain, [102].
• Charybdis, [349].
• Chehkiang, [83].
• Chersonesus aurea, [226], [227].
• Chesapeake Bay, [314], [343].
• Chiahuitzla, [249].
• Chicora, [280], [281], [282].
• Chila, [277].
• China, [55], [57], [74], [75], [82], [84].
• Cholula, [254].
• Churchhill, collections of A. and J., [71].
• Cibao, mines of, [150].
• Cimbri, [334].
• Cinnamon, [345].
• Cintra, Pedro de, [66].
• Cipango, [84], [204], [111], [114], [115], [116], [193].
• Circumnavigation of the earth, [295].
• Claude, wife of Francis I., [320].
• Claude or Claudia, island, [320].
• Cleasby, Richard, [33].
• Cleito, [7], [11].
• Clement IV., Pope, [52].
• Climates, [166], [299], [336].
• Cloves, [294], [345].
• Cocayo, [281].
• Cocca, Antonia, [289].
• Cochin China, [57].
• Codfish, [198], [202], [203].
• Coelho, Gonçalo, [215].
• Coelho, Nicolas, [206].
• Cogswell, Joseph G., [307].
• Cohoes, N. Y., [351].
• Cojohuacan, [258], [274];
• prince of, [260].
• Colba, [114].
• Colibre, [135].
• Coligni, Admiral Gaspard de, [340].
• Coloma, Juan de, [93].
• Colombo, Cristoforo. (See [Christopher Columbus].)
• Colombo, Dominico, [70].
• Colombo, Fernando. (See [Ferdinand Columbus].)
• Colon, Cristobal. (See [Christopher Columbus].)
• Colon, Diego. (See [Diego Columbus].)
• Colon, Luis, [71].
• Columbus, Bartolomé, [86], [87], [172].
• Columbus, Christopher, birthplace, [70];
• parents, [70];
• sea-faring, [72], [73];
• geographical knowledge, [74-80];
• correspondence with Toscanelli, [80];
• proposals to King John II., of Portugal, [85];
• sends his brother to England, [86];
• goes to Spain, [87];
• his project discussed at Salamanca, [87-90];
• its consideration postponed by Ferdinand and Isabella, [90];
• intends to go to France, [90];
• befriended by Friar Juan Perez, [90], [91];
• another conference, [91];
• unfavorable decision, [91];
• Luis de Santángel’s help, [92];
• Columbus commissioned, [93-95];
• intends to make a sea-chart, [96];
• sails from Palos, [96];
• keeps his reckoning short, [98];
• observes the variations of the magnetic needle, [98], [99];
• conduct of his crew, [100-102];
• discovers island of Guanahani, [107];
• his landing, [108];
• the people, [108-110];
• calls the island San Salvador, [111];
• discovers the islands of Santa Maria de la Concepcion, Fernandina, Isabela, and Cuba, [113-116];
• believes he has reached Asia, [120];
• sends embassadors to the Grand Khan of Cathay, [120];
• productions of Cuba, [121];
• natives, [122], [123];
• returns from the north, [124];
• his high latitudes, [126];
• explores the coast of Española, [127], [128];
• its natives, productions, and soil, [128-130];
• builds Villa de la Navidad, [132], [133];
• sails for Spain, [135];
• the voyage, [137];
• anchors in the Tagus, [140];
• visits the king of Portugal, [141];
• arrives at Palos, [141];
• celebration of his discoveries, [142-144].
• Columbus’s second voyage, [146];
• discovers the islands of Dominica, Marigalante, Santa Maria de Guadalupe, [146], [147];
• his sea-chart, [148];
• arrives at Villa de la Navidad, [148];
• builds the town of Isabela and castle of San Tomas, [150], [151];
• appoints a council, [152];
• coasts Cuba, [152];
• believes it to be Asia, [153];
• sails for Spain, his compasses, [157];
• his pilots, [158];
• arrives at Cadiz, [159];
• goes to Burgos, [159];
• his privileges prejudiced, [167].
• Columbus’s third voyage, [168];
• discovers the island of Trinidad, [169];
• sees the continent, [169];
• Tierra de Gracia, [170];
• enters the Gulf of Paria, [171];
• map of the country, [171];
• reaches Española, [172];
• sent in chains to Spain, [172].
• Columbus’s fourth voyage, [174];
• discovers the island of Mantinino, [175];
• reaches Española, [175];
• sails to the Guanaia islands, [175];
• captures a canoe laden with Indian commodities, [175];
• explores the coast of Veragua, [177-187], [226], [227];
• sails to Jamaica, [180];
• returns to Spain, [182];
• dies at Valladolid, [182];
• his map, [182], [183], [300].
• Columbus, Diego, [87], [90], [152], [168].
• Columbus, Ferdinand, [70], [71], [168].
• Comargo, [277], [278].
• Combahee River, [284].
• Comogre, [225].
• Compass. (See [Mariner’s compass].)
• Conchillos, Lopez de, [276].
• Connecticut, [253], [354];
• river, [354].
• Contarini, Gasparo, [199].
• Copper, [8], [10], [111], [176], [178], [199], [236], [237], [269], [322], [328].
• Coquibacoa, Gulf of, [164].
• Cordoba, Francisco Hernando de, [229], [233], [238], [278].
• Corn, [283].
• Coronel, Pedro Fernandez, [152].
• Correa, Pedro, [77].
• Cortereal, Gaspar, [207-211].
• Cortereal, João Vaz, [207].
• Cortereal, Miguel, [207], [208], [211].
• Cortes, Hernando. Diego Velasquez appoints him captain-general, [237];
• sails to the island of Cozumel, [238];
• receives embassadors from Montezuma, [239];
• the presents, [243-245];
• explores the coast of Mexico, [247];
• builds Villa Rica de Vera Cruz, [249];
• begins his march toward the city of Mexico, [249];
• engagements with the Tlascallans, [250];
• enters Tlascalla, [251];
• marches to Cholula, [253];
• escorted into the city of Mexico by Montezuma, [259-261];
• visits the market-place and the temple of Huitzilopochtli, [267-272];
• besieges the city, [273];
• sends presents to the emperor, [274].
• Corvea, Gaspar, [206].
• Corvo, island, [100], [158].
• Cosa, Juan de la, [173], [183], [184], [185], [201].
• Cosco, Leander de, [142].
• Cotastlan, [239], [266].
• Cotta, Joannes, [215].
• Cotton, [109], [110], [111], [119], [121], [123], [124], [136], [148], [176], [178], [265], [284].
• Cotys, [219].
• Coyba, [226].
• Cozumel, [238], [239].
• Crato, prior of, [141].
• Crawford and Balcarres, count of, [350].
• Critias, or the Atlantic, [3].
• Crœsus, [2].
• Crooked Island, [107].
• Crosses, [230].
• Cruz, Juan de la, [265].
• Cuba, [114], [115], [116], [118], [126], [127], [128], [152], [153], [154], [184], [197], [202], [216], [232].
• Cuitlahuac, prince of, [260].
• Cuitlahuatzin, [270].
• Culba, [232].
• Culhua, [248].
• Culua, [235].
• Cusa, Cardinal Nicolaus de, [80].
• Dagaghiano, Pier Francisco, [338].
• Dagmala-stad, [31-33].
• Datha, [282].
• Damascus, [59].
• Dankers, Jasper, [363].
• Darien, isthmus, [174], [177], [225], [226], [227], [228], [315], [342].
• Davila, Pedrarias, [228].
• Davis, Henry, [19].
• Davis’s Strait, [318].
• Declination, line of, [98], [99], [102], [158].
• De Costa, B. F., [343].
• Degree, measures of, [76], [83], [98].
• Delaware Bay, [315].
• Demons, [217], [288].
• Demorgorgon, [198].
• Denis, Jean, [298].
• Denmark, [334].
• Desmarquets, Jean Antoine, [299].
• Despinolles, Pierre, [339].
• Diaprepes, [8].
• Dias, Bartolomeu, [69], [205].
• Diaz, Bernal, [21], [229];
• Father Juan, [240].
• Diepa or Dieppe, [297], [298], [307], [334], [351], [352].
• Dighton rock, [42].
• Disraeli, [350].
• Dods, Marcus, [89].
• Dogs, [123], [268].
• Dominica, island of, [146].
• Doña Marina, [240], [242], [259], [260], [261], [267].
• Drake, Sir Francis, [292].
• Drogio, island of, [47], [49].
• Ducats, [244], [245].
• Duero, Andres de, [237].
• Duharhe, [281], [283].
• Duisburg, [360].
• Dwarfs, [263].
• Eannes, Gil, [65].
• Eannes de Azurara, Gomes, [64].
• Earth, globular form of, [71], [88], [193];
• circumference of, [74], [75], [83];
• circumnavigation of, [295].
• East Cape, [308].
• East Indies, [145].
• East River, [317].
• Eden, Richard, [199].
• Egypt, priests of, [2], [3], [21];
• invaded, [5], [8];
• gods rule in, [6], [15];
• stars seen in, [72].
• Egyptians, chroniclers, [2], [4], [15];
• chronology of, [17];
• ships of, [18];
• hermetic books of, [20].
• Eider-ducks, [35].
• Ekallumiut, [30].
• Elasippus, [8].
• El Crespello, [265].
• Elephants, [8], [9].
• El Gran Cairo, [229].
• El Marien, [249].
• Elohim, [6].
• Emeralds, [244].
• Emmanuel, king of Portugal, [207], [211].
• England, [73], [74], [186], [188].
• Eric, the Red, [23], [24];
• the wanderer, [25].
• Escovedo, Rodrigo de, [108], [133], [149].
• Española, [104], [128], [130], [133], [135], [148], [154], [159], [172], [175], [179], [182], [184].
• Espiritu Santo, Rio del, [278];
• Baya del, [279].
• Estotiland, [46], [49], [50].
• Estrithson, Sveyn, king of Denmark, [40].
• Ethiopia, [60], [212].
• Eudæmon, [8].
• Eudoxus, [60].
• Euenor, [6], [7].
• Eugene IV., Pope, [83].
• Eumelus, [7].
• Europa, [219].
• Europe, [4], [5], [219].
• Eusebius, [299], [345].
• Euthydemus, [198].
• Euxine Sea, [52].
• Evangelista, island of, [153], [154].
• Everett, E., [34].
• Eyktar-stad, [31-33].
• Eynoult, Guillaume, [340].
• Ezcapuzalco, [265].
• Fabian, Robert, [197].
• Faroe islands, [22], [23].
• Fayal, island of, [67], [68].
• Ferdinand, king of Spain, [70], [72], [142], [143], [144], [159], [160], [168], [172], [187], [195], [216].
• Fernandina, [113].
• Fish, [198], [202], [209], [241].
• Fitch, John, [359].
• Flateyensis, codex, [25].
• Flatö, [25];
• book of, [25].
• Floki, the viking, [23].
• Flores island, [78].
• Florida, [124], [126], [200], [223-225], [275], [276], [277], [278], [279], [307], [330], [342], [344], [351], [352], [357], [358].
• Flowers, [9], [115], [116], [251], [266], [309], [314].
• Fonseca, Juan Rodriguez de, [168], [276].
• Fornari, Baltano de, [71].
• Fort Caroline, [357].
• Fort Nassau, [363].
• Fortunate Islands, [74], [75], [331], [332].
• Foster, Andrew, [159].
• Fowls, [268], [283].
• Fox, G. V., [98], [107], [108].
• Francis I., king of France, [300], [301], [319], [320], [338], [344], [351], [352], [357], [358].
• Francesca, [307], [330], [351].
• Frederic III., of Denmark, [25], [34].
• Freydis, [39].
• Frisland, island of, [45], [46], [49], [50], [73];
• story of a fisherman of, [44], [46-50].
• Frizeland, [73].
• Fruits, [9], [115], [116], [147], [166], [171], [241], [263], [324], [352].
• Fucus natans, [99], [100].
• Fuenterabia, [135], [183], [227].
• Fuerteventura, island of, [97].
• Fundy, Bay of, [201].
• Furdustrandir, [35], [41].
• Gadeira, [7].
• Gadeirica, [7].
• Galleys, [21].
• Galicia, [135], [141].
• Gallia Nova, [343].
• Galvano, Antonio, [64], [144], [200].
• Gama, Vasco da, [205], [206].
• Gamart of Rouen, [298].
• Gamlason, Thorhall, [34].
• Gamas, Gulf of, [357], [358].
• Ganges, [142], [154], [226].
• Gardens, [12], [256], [257], [266].
• Garay, Francisco de, [275], [278].
• Gastaldi, Giacomo de, [326], [356].
• Gaul, [61].
• Georgia, State of, [279].
• Germany, [61].
• Giants, [6], [252], [253], [274], [282], [287].
• Gilbert, Sir Humphrey, [200], [201].
• Ginnungagap, [41].
• Gioja, Flavia, [63].
• Godeffroy, Adam, [340].
• Gods, divide the earth, [5];
• marry the daughters of man, [5];
• rule in Egypt, [6], [15];
• half-gods, [6].
• Góes, Damião de, [208].
• Golfo de las Flechas, [134], [135].
• Golfo de las Perlas, [171].
• Golfo Dulce, [214].
• Gold, [111], [115], [116], [117], [132], [136], [149], [151], [167], [178], [179], [216], [226], [229], [234], [236], [243], [251], [265], [269], [274].
• Gomara, Francisco Lopez de, [199], [200].
• Gomera, island of, [97], [99].
• Gomez, Estevan, [291], [296].
• Gonçalves, André, [213].
• Graah, Captain W. A., [30], [31].
• Gracia, Tierra de, [170].
• Greenland, from Iceland, [22];
• discovered, [24];
• eastern district in, [25];
• sea of, [26], [216], [217];
• from Newfoundland, [28].
• Grain, [23], [176], [178], [268], [283], [325].
• Grand Canary, [97].
• Grande River, [318], [319], [320], [346], [348], [351], [353], [356], [358], [359], [360].
• Grand Khan of Cathay, [52], [54], [55], [56], [58], [82], [94], [115], [117], [118], [120], [124], [153], [189].
• Grand Scarp, the, [348].
• Grand Turk Island, [78].
• Grapes, [42], [151], [313].
• Gratiosa, island, [107].
• Great Exuma Island, [107].
• Greco, wind, [161].
• Greece, invasion of, [5].
• Greeks, early civilization of the, [4].
• Greene, G. W., [302].
• Greenhalgh, Wenworth, [346].
• Gregory XIII., calendar of Pope, [107].
• Grijalva, Juan de, [233], [237], [247], [278].
• Grimolfson, Bjarni, [34].
• Groote River, [318], [319], [346].
• Guacanagari, [149].
• Guacasualco River, [236].
• Guacaya, [281], [284].
• Guadalupe, [147], [148], [157].
• Gualdape, [280].
• Guanaco, the, [287].
• Guanahani, the island, [107].
• Guanaia islands, [175], [214].
• Guatemala, [229].
• Guazpaltepec, [239].
• Gudrid, [40].
• Guerrero, Gonzalo, [239].
• Guinea, [64], [67], [74], [81], [85], [88], [352].
• Guisay, [115], [120]. (See [Quinsay].)
• Gulf of Castles, [267].
• Gulf of Coquibacoa, [164].
• Gulf of Gamas, [357], [358].
• Gulf of Mexico, [352].
• Gulf of St. Lawrence, [297].
• Gulf of Venezuela, [164].
• Gulf Stream, the, [223].
• Gunnbjörn, the Norwegian, [23];
• skerries, [24].
• Gutierrez, Pedro, [107], [133], [149].
• Guyneth, Madoc, [43];
• Owen, [43], [44].
• Guyot, [61].
• Habacoa, [184].
• Hackit, Thomas, [344].
• Haki, [35].
• Hakluyt, Richard, [42], [44], [64], [203], [204], [357].
• Hakon, Jónn, son of, [25].
• Half Moon, [362].
• Hamacas, [147], [156].
• Hammocks, [147], [156], [163], [286].
• Hangchau, [83].
• Hanno, [60].
• Harlem River, [353].
• Harrisse, Henry, [160], [184].
• Hatchets, [176].
• Hauslab, M. le général de, [220].
• Havannah, the, [249].
• Hawks, [22].
• Hayti, [128], [167].
• Hekja, [35].
• Hell-Gate, [353].
• Helluland, [28], [34], [41], [42].
• Henderson, Ebenezer, [23].
• Henry, prince of Portugal, [63], [64], [65], [66], [67], [70], [79].
• Henry II. of France, [350].
• Henry VII., king of England, [86], [186], [187], [192], [194], [195], [196], [197], [199], [200], [201];
• VIII., [315], [341].
• Herbs, [115], [147], [173], [174], [178].
• Hercules, pillars of, [4], [7], [17], [18], [21], [59], [60], [72], [197], [198].
• Herjulf, [24].
• Herjulfsnes, [24], [25].
• Herodotus, [2], [59].
• Heroes, [6].
• Herrera y Tordesillas, Antonio de, [215].
• Hetland, [22].
• Hieroglyphics, [1], [177], [249].
• Hitha, [283].
• Hochelaga, [345];
• river of, [354], [356].
• Hojeda, Alonzo de, [150], [173], [183].
• Holy Sepulchre, [133].
• Honduras, Bay of, [175], [214].
• Honfleur, [298].
• Hóp, [37], [40].
• Horns, [23].
• Horses, [12].
• Huag, [281].
• Hudson, Henry, [318], [361], [362].
• Hudson River, [316], [317], [318], [319], [269-272], [353], [357], [362].
• Huexotzinco, [258].
• Huitzilopochtli, idol, [247];
• temple of, [267].
• Humboldt, Friedrich Heinrich Alexander von, [44], [56], [57], [183].
• Hvarf, [24].
• Hvidserk, [24], [25].
• Hylacomylus, [218].
• Iberian peninsula, [84].
• Ibernia, [192], [194].
• Icaria, [49].
• Iceland, [22], [23], [24], [25], [45], [193], [199]. (See [Island].)
• Ignami, [164].
• Incense, [235].
• India, [57], [61], [69], [70], [74], [75], [77], [181], [206].
• Indian Ocean, [314].
• Indians (See also [Manants], [Paesani], [Paysans], [Wild Men], [Wilden]);
• ancestors, [252], [253];
• axes, [236], [237], [324];
• ball-players, [284];
• bows and arrows, [134], [136], [162], [202], [210], [230], [252], [265], [287], [288], [299], [312], [324], [355];
• burial, [156], [163];
• caciques, [129], [240], [258], [259], [267];
• cannibals, [135], [148], [164], [216];
• canoes, [110], [119], [135], [164], [165], [175], [258], [299], [312], [313], [324];
• carpenters, [266];
• carpets, [260];
• cities, [251], [254], [256], [258], [270];
• clothing, [123], [170], [176], [178], [201], [202], [209], [216], [230], [234], [235], [243], [280], [284], [286], [287], [288], [298], [306], [312], [317], [321], [322], [328], [356];
• clubs, [162], [202];
• color, [123], [129], [130], [161], [169], [209], [281], [282], [284], [287], [299], [307], [311], [312], [321];
• concubines, [262], [266];
• courts, [268];
• cuirasses, [230], [252], [263];
• darts, [202];
• dwellings, [116], [117], [130], [163], [164], [170], [209], [225], [286], [288], [314], [324], [325];
• edifices, [230], [256], [257], [258], [260], [261], [272];
• enchanters, [178], [217];
• eyes, [110], [307], [322];
• fabrics, [170], [176], [178], [234], [241], [243], [244], [250], [254], [256], [265], [266], [267];
• faces, [110], [287], [307], [311], [321];
• fans, [245];
• farmer-generals, [239];
• feather-work, [216], [230], [241], [245], [259];
• fishing-hooks, [116], [178];
• fishing-nets, [116], [178], [189];
• flags, [230];
• food, [129], [162], [164], [176], [201], [232], [234], [241], [262], [264], [268], [288], [299], [312], [325], [328];
• friendliness, [108], [298], [306], [310], [311], [316], [317], [321], [322], [352], [355];
• furniture, [244], [260], [268];
• giants, [252], [253], [282], [287];
• goldsmiths, [265];
• hair, [109], [110], [136], [161], [170], [281], [282], [283], [286], [287], [288], [299], [307], [321], [322];
• hammocks, [147], [156], [163], [286];
• helmets, [243], [265];
• hieroglyphics, [1], [177], [249];
• idols, [118], [154], [155], [229], [230], [232], [234], [235], [247], [270], [271], [272];
• implements, [176], [189], [236], [237], [324];
• javelins, [109], [110], [134];
• kidnaped, [279], [280], [281];
• kings, [216], [323];
• knives, [268];
• lances, [162], [202], [230], [231], [252], [264];
• language, [120], [162], [201], [210], [299], [355], [356];
• lapidaries, [265];
• liquors, [263];
• longevity, [216];
• magistrates, [130];
• markets, [267], [271];
• masks, [129];
• medicine, [164], [216], [288], [325];
• merchandize, [267], [268];
• mirrors, [244];
• money, [176], [269];
• morions, [265];
• musical instruments, [230], [272];
• name, [345];
• oars, [110], [324];
• occupation, [12], [13], [14], [15], [178], [264], [265], [266], [267], [268];
• ornaments, [111], [119], [163], [170], [225], [229], [234], [236], [241], [243], [244], [248], [250], [267], [274], [287], [321], [322], [328];
• palaces, [225], [256], [266];
• papermakers, [252], [264];
• painters, [242], [265];
• painted faces, [109], [130], [210], [230], [286], [287], [288], [299], [323];
• paintings, [230], [252];
• phlebotomy practised, [164], [288];
• pikes, [252], [264];
• pipes, [264];
• plantations, [230], [257];
• police-system, [267];
• priests, [235], [269], [283];
• public works, [9], [10], [252], [256], [257], [258], [270];
• religion, [110], [119], [123], [154], [155], [156], [216], [229], [286], [288], [299], [330], [331], [356];
• sacrifices, [16], [235], [239], [247], [254], [270-272];
• sculptors, [265];
• sculptures, [177], [178], [229], [230];
• sepulchre, [178];
• servants, [264];
• shields, [230], [234], [243], [252], [264], [265];
• shoes, [244], [288];
• silversmiths, [265];
• slaves, [110], [136], [167], [210], [225], [267], [269];
• slings, [202], [230], [252];
• snares, [189], [324];
• songs, [284], [325];
• spinners, [109], [110];
• stature, [109], [110], [129], [161], [209], [307], [311], [321], [356];
• stone-cutters, [266];
• superstitions, [156];
• swords, [176], [230], [231], [252], [264];
• tanners, [268];
• temples, [11], [12], [229], [230], [234], [235], [254], [260], [270], [271];
• theatres, [266];
• thread, [267], [284], [311];
• tobacco, [121], [264], [268];
• traditions, [252], [284], [363];
• traffic, [13], [109], [110], [111], [129], [174], [298], [328];
• utensils, [162], [262];
• villages, [13], [112], [117], [122], [130];
• wares, [263], [267], [268], [269];
• warlike, [355];
• warriors, [12], [14], [15], [230], [231], [251], [252];
• weaving, [266];
• wines, [171], [178];
• wives, [162], [262], [323];
• women, [122], [129], [162], [171], [262], [281], [284], [288], [311], [312], [322].
• Indies, [81], [134], [159], [187].
• Infante Fortuna, [144].
• Insubria, [283].
• Inzignanin, [284].
• Ilhas Dezertas, [304].
• Ireland, [192], [194], [196];
• island of, [356]. (See [Ibernia].)
• Isabela, island of, [113], [115];
• town of, [150], [154], [156], [157].
• Isabella, queen of Spain, [72], [91], [92], [93], [142], [158], [159], [167], [168], [172], [187], [195].
• Isla Blanca, [234].
• Isla de las Bocas, [179].
• Island, [23], [55]. (See [Iceland].)
• Isla Rica, [228].
• Isla Santa, [169].
• Isole de Ladroni, [294].
• Isole Sfortunato, [292].
• Ithaca, [52].
• Iti, island of, [167].
• Iuca, [164].
• Iucatan, [215]. (See [Yucatan].)
• Iztapalapan, [256], [270].
• Jackals, [268].
• Jacobus, [61].
• Jacquet, [56].
• Jamaica, [133], [152], [154], [180], [182].
• Japan, [57], [84], [111].
• Java, [57], [294].
• Jerez of Ayamonte, Rodrigo de, [120].
• Jerusalem, conquest of, [133].
• Jesters, [263].
• John I., king of Portugal, [63];
• II., [67], [69], [85];
• III., [300], [301].
• Jomard, M., [185].
• Jonas, Arngrim, [33].
• Jones, Inigo, [43].
• Jordan River, [280], [284].
• Joseph, Master, [67].
• Juan, Prince, [70], [159], [168].
• Juana, island, [127], [182].
• Juanillo, [232].
• Juet, Robert, [319].
• Karlsefne, Snorro, [40];
• Thorfinn, [34], [36], [37], [38], [39], [40].
• Kelly, Patrick, [237].
• Kennebec River, [354].
• Kettell, Samuel, [111], [126].
• Khotan, [57].
• Kingsborough, collection of Lord, [21].
• Kjalarnes, [35].
• Klaproth, [56].
• Knoll, Conrad, [218].
• La Baya del Rio, [330].
• Labrador, cape of, [199];
• land of, [200], [202], [345].
• La Boca de la Drago, [171];
• Sierpe, [171];
• de Terminos, [234].
• La Cruz, [279].
• Lactantius, [89], [90].
• La Culata, [279].
• Ladrone islands, [294].
• Laet, Johannes de, [319], [346], [347].
• La Isla de Trinidad, [168], [169], [170].
• Lake Maggiore, [181].
• Lamb, Mrs. Martha J., [359].
• Land of Ayllon, [284].
• Land of Codfish, [197], [200], [202], [207].
• Land of Cortereal, [208].
• Land of Fire, [334].
• Land of Grace, [170].
• Land of Pearls, [173].
• Land of Red wood, [286].
• Land of the Farmer, [200].
• Land of the Grand Scarp, [349-351].
• Land of the Holy Cross, [287].
• Land of the Palisades, [349].
• La Nouvelle France, [330].
• Lanzarote, island, [97].
• Lares, Almador de, [237].
• La Rabida, [87], [90], [91].
• Laos, [57].
• Lapidaries, [265].
• La Plata, port of, [279].
• Lappenburg, M., [41].
• Lariab, country of, [166].
• Las Barbas, islands, [180].
• Las Islas Desdichados, [292].
• Lateens, [180].
• Lathyrus, [60].
• Latini, Brunetto, [62].
• Latitude, [66-68].
• Laudonnière, René Goulaine de, [351], [367].
• Leagues, land, [83], [305];
• sea, [83], [305], [329], [331].
• Leather, [243].
• Leicester, earl of, [350].
• Leif, son of Eric the Red, [25], [27], [30], [35], [42].
• Lelewel, Joachim, [182].
• Lemos, Gaspar de, [207].
• Lenormant, François, [15].
• Leo X., Pope, [181].
• Leon, Juan Ponce de, [221], [223-225], [278].
• Lester, C. Edwards, [159].
• Leucippe, [17].
• Levante, wind, [161].
• Lepe, Diego de, [174].
• Libeccio, wind, [161].
• Libya, [4], [5], [59], [60], [64], [219].
• Line of declination, [98], [99], [102], [158].
• Line of demarkation, [145], [296].
• Lings, [203].
• Lions, [268].
• Liquors, [171], [176], [178].
• Lisbon, [83], [84].
• Littré, É., [246].
• Liverpool, [84].
• Llwyd, Humphry, [43].
• Locke, Michael, [79], [315].
• Lockhart, John Ingrim, [233].
• London, [186], [194], [197].
• Longitude, [66-68], [332].
• Long Island, N. Y., [316], [317], [319], [320].
• Long Island, West Indies, [107], [356].
• Long Island Sound, [317], [353], [355].
• Looms, [148].
• Louise of Savoy, [320], [351], [352], [357], [358].
• Louisiana, [275].
• Luisa, island of, [320].
• Lully, Raymond, [67].
• Luna, Fernando Perez de, [153].
• Luxan, Juan de, [152].
• Lynna, Nicholas de, [217].
• Lynx, [322], [324], [328].
• Machian, island, [294].
• Madagascar, [58].
• Madeira, island, [78], [304].
• Madoc, Guyneth, [43], [44].
• Maestrale, wind, [161].
• Maestro, wind, [161].
• Magalhaens, Fernam de, [69], [284-294], [337].
• Magellan: (See [Magalhaens].)
• Magellan’s Strait, [289], [290], [291], [292], [293], [333].
• Magnetic needle, [61-63], [65], [98], [99], [102], [157], [158], [217], [293].
• Magnetism, terrestrial, [98], [69], [158], [217].
• Magua, island, Great and Little, [107].
• Maguey, plant, [252];
• root, [268].
• Magnussen, Arne, [34].
• Maine, [327], [328], [329].
• Mainwaring, [350].
• Maiollo, Visconte de, [307], [342].
• Maize, [176], [178], [230], [234], [283].
• Major, Richard Henry, [49], [171].
• Malinche, [261].
• Malpiero, Gasparo, [53].
• Malvas, port of, [208].
• Mames, [121], [123].
• Mamre, [6].
• Mandeville, Sir John, [58], [76].
• Mango, [84], [179], [180].
• Manants or Manans, [345], [346], [347], [348], [358]. (See [Indians].)
• Manants Island, [359].
• Manhattan, [362].
• Manhattans, [346].
• Manhattes, [347];
• island of, [347];
• river of, [319].
• Mantinino, island, [175].
• Manzi, [82].
• Maques, or Maquaas, [347], [362].
• Maravedi, [245].
• Marchena, Fray Antonio de, [158].
• Mar del Sur, [176], [227], [228].
• Mar de Sargasso, [99], [100].
• Mar Dulce, [228].
• Mare de Verrazana, [315].
• Mare Oceanum, [41], [96], [182], [184], [293].
• Margarita, Don Pedro, [151].
• Margarita, island, [171].
• Margarita of Austria, [159].
• Marigalante, island, [147].
• Mariner’s compass, [61-63], [98], [99], [102], [157], [158], [161], [293], [296].
• Mar Indicum, [314], [343].
• Marini, Giorgio Baptista, [71].
• Marinus of Tyre, [74], [75], [76].
• Mark, a weight, [174], [244].
• Markland, [28], [34], [40], [41], [42].
• Marmora, [180].
• Marnef, Jan de, [352].
• Mar pacifico, [289], [292], [293].
• Martens, [306], [356].
• Martha’s Vineyard, [227].
• Martin, Joseph, [314].
• Martinez, Ferdinand, [80], [81].
• Martin V, Pope, [145].
• Martin of Bohemia, [67], [290].
• Martire d’Anghiera, Pietro, [154], [181], [197], [221].
• Martires, islands of las, [224].
• Martyr, Peter. (See [Pietro Martire d’Anghiera].)
• Mastic, [124], [136].
• Mataia, [180].
• Matan, island, [294].
• Maurice, prince of Orange and Nassau, [363].
• Mauritius River, [347].
• May River, [357].
• Mecca, [193].
• Medea, [76].
• Medina, Pedro de, [69].
• Mediterranean Sea, [5], [60].
• Melchorejo, [232], [233], [238].
• Melaccha, island of, [214].
• Mendoza, Luis de, [289].
• Mercator, Gerard, [76], [350], [360].
• Mercator’s projection, [360].
• Meredith ap Rhees, [44].
• Merrimack River, [354].
• Meschita, Alvaro de, [291].
• Mestor, [8].
• Meteren, Emanuel van, [318].
• Mexico, [21], [175], [234], [235], [249], [250], [252], [256-274];
• Gulf of, [352].
• Midjökul, [24].
• Miles, sea and land, [76], [98], [305], [331].
• Millet, [283].
• Miruelo, Diego, [282].
• Mississippi, state, [275];
• river, [278], [279].
• Mnesis, [8].
• Mohawk River, [360].
• Moluccas, islands, [59], [64], [294], [296].
• Mona, island, [154].
• Moncada, Don Hugo de, [336].
• Montagneurs, les, [346].
• Montauk Point, [320].
• Monte Cristo, [289].
• Montejo, Francisco de, [247], [249].
• Monte Pascoal, [206].
• Monteregius, John of, [67].
• Montezuma, [240], [241], [242], [243], [245], [247], [250], [251], [259], [260-273].
• Montreal, [345].
• Moors, [79], [94], [145].
• Morales, Gaspar, [228].
• Moses, [6].
• Mount Hope Bay, [30], [34], [37].
• Müller, Johann, [67].
• Murphy, Henry C., [343], [363].
• Mutir, island, [294].
• Myos Hormos, [75].
• Myrrh, [213].
• Naddoddr, [22].
• Nantucket, [327].
• Napkins, [264].
• Narragansett Bay, [320], [321], [325], [326].
• Narrows, The, [316], [317].
• Narvaez, Pamfilo de, [279].
• Navarrete, Martin Fernandez de, [61], [107].
• Navidad, Villa de la, [133], [136], [148], [149], [150].
• Naville, Edward, [20].
• Necho, [59].
• Negropont, [51].
• Nepos, Cornelius, [60].
• Nequen, [252], [268].
• Newark Bay, [317].
• Newfoundland, [28], [198], [201].
• New France, [330], [345], [352], [357], [361].
• New Gaul, [330].
• New Land, [185], [207], [297], [299], [306], [330], [334], [344], [355].
• New Netherland, [319], [347], [361].
• Newport, stone tower of, [43];
• situation, [325].
• New Providence, island, [107].
• New Spain, [21], [175], [176], [249].
• New World, [206], [216], [217], [334].
• New York City, [84];
• bays, [316], [317];
• site, [347], [358].
• Nicobar, [57].
• Nile, navigation of, [18];
• canal from, [60].
• Nirando, Alonso Perez, [168].
• Nombre de Dios, [176], [342].
• Normans, [297].
• Norombègue, cape of, [354], [355];
• town of, [355], [356];
• river of, [355], [356], [357], [359], [360].
• North America, [185].
• North Carolina, [302], [306], [311].
• Northmen, galleys of, [21], [24];
• deported, [22];
• voyages, [25-41].
• North Sea, [21], [301], [302].
• Norumbega, [346], [351], [352], [356], [360].
• Norway, [22], [23], [24], [333], [334].
• Noun, the god, [20].
• Nova Scotia, [28], [198], [201], [297].
• Novaya Zemlya, [318].
• Nucay, [119].
• Nuestra Senora, La Mar de, [125].
• Nueva España, [21], [175].
• Nuova Terra, [306-330].
• Nuremberg, [67], [68].
• Olafs, [55].
• Olone, [349].
• Oneydes, [346].
• Onondagas, [346].
• Onoyants, les, [346].
• Onslow Bay, [309].
• Orichalcum, [8], [10], [11], [199].
• Orinoco River, [160], [168], [170], [171].
• Orteguilla, [267].
• Ortelius, Abraham, [79], [360].
• Ortubia, Juan Perez de, [224].
• Ostro, the wind, [161].
• Otté, E. C., [44].
• Otters, [268].
• Oxford, [62].
• Pachol, [264].
• Pacific Ocean, [289], [292], [293].
• Paesani, [346], [352].
• Paisans or paysans, [345], [346].
• Palisades, the, [348].
• Palfrey, John Gorham, [43].
• Palos, [87], [95], [96].
• Palma, island, [97].
• Palmetto trees, [308].
• Panama, isthmus, [177], [342].
• Panic, [123].
• Panuco, province, [236], [247];
• river, [275], [276], [277], [278], [279].
• Paor, [281], [284].
• Paper, [252], [264].
• Paria, Gulf of, [171];
• country of, [172], [173].
• Pascua Florida, [223].
• Pasqualigo, Alvise, [189];
• Francesco, [189];
• Lorenzo, [189];
• Pietro, [209].
• Pasqui, [281].
• Patagonians, [289].
• Pearls, [117], [170], [173], [174], [216], [226], [243], [259], [271], [274], [283].
• Peasants, [345], [352]. (See [Indians].)
• Peking, [84].
• Peltry, [298], [355], [356], [358].
• Penobscot River, [354].
• Perestrello, Bartolomeo Moñis de, [70].
• Perez, Friar Juan, [90], [91];
• Fray Rodrigo, [133].
• Perpignan, [135].
• Persia, [44], [57].
• Pertz, George Henry, [41].
• Peso, [236].
• Peter, the Martyr, [181].
• Petuneurs, les, [346].
• Philippe, duke of Savoy, [320].
• Philippine Islands, [294].
• Phœnicians, [7], [18], [59], [60].
• Pigafetta, Antonio, [66], [69], [83], [284], [295].
• Pillars of Hercules, [4], [7], [15], [17], [18], [21], [59], [60], [72].
• Pilots, [67], [102], [103], [157], [158], [179].
• Pineda, Alonso Alvarez de, [275-279].
• Pinkerton’s collections, [71].
• Pinzon, Martin, Alonso, [77], [96], [108], [134], [137], [141], [143], [174];
• Vicente Yañez, [96], [108], [134], [214], [278].
• Pisa, [227].
• Pizarro, Francisco, [228].
• Place, Jean de la, [219].
• Plato, [3], [80].
• Plethron, [9].
• Pliny, [60], [65].
• Plutarch, [3].
• Pocorosa, [180].
• Point Judith, [326].
• Pola, island, [224].
• Pole, antarctic, [293];
• arctic, [293].
• Polo, Maffeo, [52], [53], [54], [55];
• Marco, [52], [53], [54], [55], [56], [57], [58], [76], [82], [83];
• Nicolò, [52], [53], [54], [55].
• Ponente, wind, [161].
• Potonchan, [239], [248].
• Porcelain, [363].
• Poree, Fremyn, [340].
• Porland, [45].
• Port du Refuge, [326], [327].
• Porto Bello, [180].
• Porto Rico, [128], [221].
• Porto Santo, island, [77], [78].
• Porto Seguro, [206].
• Portugal, [84], [196].
• Poseidon, [5], [7], [11], [15].
• Potatoes, [283].
• Poughkeepsie, [353].
• Powel, David, [43], [44].
• Prado, prior of, [87], [91].
• Preudhomme, Guillaume, [339].
• Prima Tierra Vista, [190], [191].
• Providence, [325], [326].
• Psenophis, [3].
• Ptolemy, [73], [74], [75], [77], [182], [191], [215], [336].
• Puebla, Ruy Gonzales de, [187].
• Puertocarrero, Alonso, [249].
• Puerto de la Concepcion, [128].
• Puerto del Principe, [125], [330].
• Puerto de Mares, [125].
• Puerto de San Nicolas, [128].
• Puerto de Santa Catalina, [126].
• Puerto Grande, [152].
• Puerto Maria, [127].
• Puerto Santo, [126].
• Pumpkins, [147].
• Punta de Arenal, [169], [170].
• Punta de Arracifes, [224].
• Punta de Cotoche, [221], [232].
• Punta de la Aguda, [170].
• Punta de la Galera, [169].
• Punta de la Playa, [169].
• Punta Santa, [130], [131].
• Quetzalcoatl, temple of, [254].
• Quinsay, [75], [83], [84], [115], [120].
• Quintalbor, [242], [243], [245].
• Quitlalpitoc, [239], [245], [246], [247].
• Quohathe, [284].
• Râ, the god, [20].
• Race-course, [12].
• Rafn, Charles C., [34].
• Raleigh, Sir Walter, [357].
• Ramusio, Giovanni Battista, [52].
• Raritan Bay, [317].
• Ravens, [22], [23].
• Razors, [264].
• Real, money, [244], [245].
• Red race, [1].
• Red Sea, [60].
• Red wood, [193], [213], [286].
• Refugio, [321].
• Regiomontanus, [67], [80].
• Retrete, port, [180].
• Reychenes, [24].
• Rhodes, island of, [320].
• Ribauld. (See [Ribaut].)
• Ribault. (See [Ribaut].)
• Ribaut, Jean, [340], [344].
• Ribero, Diego, [296].
• Rio Coatzacoalcos, [236].
• Rio de Banderas, [235].
• Rio de Belen, [227].
• Rio de Flores, [279].
• Rio de Janeiro, [228].
• Rio de la Cruz, [224].
• Rio de la Plata, [228], [287].
• Rio de las Gamas, [330].
• Rio de las Palmas, [279].
• Rio del Espiritu Santo, [278], [279].
• Rio del Sol, [124].
• Rio de Luna, [117].
• Rio de Mares, [117], [118], [124], [182].
• Rio de Montaignes, [319].
• Rio de Nieves, [279].
• Rio de Pescadores, [279].
• Rio de San Anton, [330].
• Rio Fonda, [330].
• Rio Grande, [247].
• Rio Janeiro, [286], [287].
• Rio Jordan, [280], [284], [330].
• Rio Nevado, [208].
• Rio Panuco, [275], [276], [277], [278].
• Rio Seco, [279], [330].
• Roanoke, island, [311].
• Roberval, Sieur de, [352].
• Roderic, Master, [67].
• Roffet, Ponce, [345].
• Roque, Jean François de la, [352].
• Rousselay, Zanobus de, [339].
• Rum Cay, island, [107].
• Rustichi, [338].
• Rustizielo, [57].
• Ruysch, Johann, [215].
• Rymer’s Foedera, [188].
• Saint Amaro, [99].
• St. Augustine, [89].
• St. Christopher, [184].
• St. David’s island, [356].
• St. Dié, [218].
• St. George’s island, [356].
• St. Germain, port of, [222].
• St. Iago de la Spata, [285].
• St. John’s island, W. Indies, [179];
• Canada, [190], [192].
• St. Julian, port of, [287], [290].
• St. Lawrence, Gulf of, [297];
• isle of, [352];
• river of, [290], [291], [292], [293], [298], [333].
• St. Malo, [344], [345].
• St. Lucy’s day, [286].
• Saga of Eric the Red, [26];
• of Thorfinn Karlsefne, [34].
• Sagres, [63].
• Saguenay, [345];
• sea of, [357].
• Salamanca, [87].
• Samana, island, [108].
• Salmon, [29], [30].
• Sanchez, Rafael, [125], [142].
• Sand-glass, [69].
• Sand-haffn, [24], [25].
• Sandwich islands, [75].
• Sandy Hook, [316], [317], [353].
• San Juan de Ulua, [235].
• Salt, [268].
• Saltes, [141].
• San Domingo, [128], [172], [179], [232].
• San Juan Baptista, island, [148].
• San Lazaro, [229].
• San Lucar de Berrameda, [168], [182].
• San Miguel, bay of, [227].
• San Pablo River, [276].
• San Pedro River, [276].
• San Salvador, Cuba, [117];
• island, [107], [111].
• Santa Elena, cape of, [279], [289], [284].
• Santa Fé, [91], [92], [93].
• Santa Maria de la Antigua del Darien, [225], [226], [227], [228].
• Santa Maria de Guadalupe, island, [147], [157].
• Santa Maria de la Concepcion, [113].
• Santa Maria, island, [140];
• port, [184].
• Santa Marta, island, [224].
• Santángel, Luis de, [87], [92].
• Santarem, Visconte de, [64].
• Santee River, [184].
• Santiago, Cuba, [231], [233].
• Sant Joan, island, [190], [192].
• San Tomas, fort of, [151].
• Santonge or Santongeois, [348], [352].
• Saomete, island, [113].
• Sardis, [2], [219].
• Scandinavia, seamen of, [21], [22], [23].
• Schooner, Johannes, [220].
• Schoolcraft, Henry R., [42].
• Schott, Charles A., [99], [158].
• Schotti, Joannis, [182].
• Scio, island, [124].
• Scotland, [46].
• Scylla, [349].
• Sea-weed, [99], [100], [134].
• Sebastian, harbor of, [99].
• Secalart, Raulin, [352], [353].
• Sanchis, [3].
• Seneca, Lucius Annæus, [76], [80], [88].
• Senecas, Indians, [346].
• Seres, [74], [75].
• Seti I., of Egypt, [20].
• Seven Cities, [79], [84], [190], [195].
• Seville, [141], [143], [285].
• Shetland Islands, [22].
• Ships, Egyptian, [18];
• Phœnician, [18];
• Northmen, [24];
• speed of, [68];
• of India, [180].
• Siam, [57].
• Siberia, [58].
• Sidney, Sir Philip, [315].
• Sierra de Quarequa, [226].
• Sierra Leone, [66], [158], [213], [286].
• Silver, [119], [243], [251], [265].
• Silveyra, Fernão de, [301].
• Sinae, [74].
• Sines, [227].
• Sirocco, [161].
• Skagefjörd, [25].
• Skalholt, [25].
• Skraelings, [38], [39], [40].
• Skraelings’ land, [41].
• Skulls, [250].
• Slaves, Indian, [167].
• Sluyter, Peter, [363].
• Smith, Captain John, [318].
• Sneeland, [221].
• Snefelsnes, [24].
• Snorrason, Thorbrand, [39].
• Snorro, Thorbrandson, [34].
• Socotra, [58].
• Soles, [203].
• Solinus, C. Julius, [219].
• Solis, Juan Diaz de, [214], [287].
• Solon, [2], [3], [6].
• Somerset island, [356].
• Somers, Sir George, [356].
• Somer’s Island, [356].
• Sona, [28].
• Soncino, Raimondo di, [190], [192].
• South America, [160], [166], [167], [169], [170], [173], [184], [185].
• South Carolina, [284], [302], [309].
• South Sea, [176], [226], [227], [228].
• Spain, early voyages from, [60], [76], [77];
• conquered, [79].
• Spices, [59], [64].
• Spice Islands, [59], [64], [294], [295], [296].
• Stadium, [6].
• Stanley, Henry E. J., [206].
• Staten Island, [316], [317];
• Sound, [317].
• Stephanius, Sigurd, [41].
• Steppes, Mongolian, [57].
• Stevens, Henry, [184].
• Stock-fish, [193].
• Stow, John, [197].
• Strait of Belle Isle, [345].
• Strait of Magellan, [289], [290], [291], [292], [293], [333].
• Strait of the Eleven Thousand Virgins, [289].
• Straumey, [35].
• Straumfjörd, [36], [40].
• Style, old and new, [107].
• Suache, [28].
• Suevi, [61].
• Sumatra, [57], [352].
• Sveinson, Bishop Brynjulf, [25], [34].
• Tabasco, [240], [245], [248].
• Tadore, island, [294].
• Tahout, sacred books of, [20].
• Tale, [232].
• Tanais, [193].
• Tanzaca, [281], [284].
• Tarenate, island, [294].
• Tassel, Robert, [340].
• Tatancal, [281].
• Tehuacacinco, [250].
• Tendilla, count of, [181].
• Teneriffe, [97].
• Tepeaquilla, [270].
• Terceira, [74], [207].
• Terra de Lavrador, [200], [202].
• Terra delle Perle, [211].
• Terra del Verzino, [286].
• Terra de Santa Cruz, [207], [216], [289], [300].
• Terra de Vera Cruz, [207], [211].
• Terra dos Cortereals, [208].
• Terra Florida, [307], [342], [344].
• Terra ferma, [189], [192].
• Terra Nova, [207], [215], [354].
• Terra Sanctæ Crucis, [287].
• Terra Verde, [208].
• Terre d’Anormée Berge, La, [349], [353], [356], [357].
• Terre de Norumberge, [357], [358].
• Terre Francesque, [330], [357], [358].
• Terre Neufve, [354].
• Tetzcat, [272].
• Tetzcatlipuca, the god, [235], [247], [272].
• Teules, [245], [251], [260].
• Teuthlille, [239], [241], [242], [243], [245].
• Texas, [275].
• Tezcuco, lake, [256].
• Theatres, [266].
• Thebes, [20].
• Thevet, André, [351], [359], [360].
• Thinae, [227].
• Thirkill, Launcelot, [195].
• Thompson, Benjamin F., [353].
• Thor, the god, [36].
• Thorbrandson, Snorro, [34], [37], [39], [40].
• Thord, Jónn, son of, [25].
• Thorhall, [36], [37], [42].
• Thorvard, [39].
• Thucydides, [80].
• Thule, [73], [70].
• Tibet, [57].
• Tierra de Ayllon, [284].
• Tierra de Gracia, [170], [171].
• Tierra del Fuego, [334].
• Tierra de los Bacallaos, [197], [200], [202], [207].
• Tierra firme, [110], [179].
• Tigers, [268].
• Tihe, [283].
• Tin, [269].
• Tiphys, [76].
• Titus, [232].
• Tlacupa, [260], [270].
• Tlalmanalco, [258].
• Tlascalla, [250], [251], [258].
• Tlatateteclo, [239].
• Tlatelulco, the, [267].
• Tobacco, [121], [264], [268].
• Tordesillas, [146], [295], [296].
• Torfæus, or Torfason, Thormod, [33], [34], [41].
• Tokio, [84].
• Torquemada, Juan de, [243].
• Torralva, Juan de, [276].
• Torres, Antonio de, [150], [156];
• Luis de, [120].
• Tortosa, [187].
• Tortuga, island, [127].
• Toscanelli, Paolo, [80].
• Tramontana, wind, [161].
• Trees, [12], [108], [114], [115], [116], [124], [163], [166], [189], [209], [212], [223], [266], [308], [309], [324], [326], [327], [352].
• Triana, Rodrigo de, [107].
• Trico, Catelyn, [347].
• Trinidad, island of, [168], [169], [170], [171].
• Trireme, [10], [12].
• Troy, N. Y., [353].
• Tryggvason, King Olaf, [35].
• Tsiuenchau, [82].
• Tunguses, [58].
• Turk Island, [107], [108].
• Turkeys, [268].
• Turin, papyrus of, [15].
• Tuspa, [236].
• Tusta, [236].
• Tustepec, [239].
• Tyrker, [29].
• Tyrrhenia, [5], [8].
• Ubygd, [24].
• Ulloa, Alfonso de, [71].
• Ulysses, [52].
• Uraba, Gulf of, [225].
• Valentine, David T., [359].
• Valladolid, [182].
• Valparaiso, [140].
• Van Rensselaer Island, [361].
• Vargas, [276].
• Varnhagen, F. A. de, [159].
• Vegetables, [9], [121], [123], [129], [147], [151], [164], [176], [232], [268], [283], [288].
• Velasquez, Diego, [231], [232], [233], [236], [237], [278], [359].
• Venezuela, [164], [168], [171].
• Venice, [51], [59], [164], [188], [199], [227].
• Vera Cruz, [249], [266], [277];
• land of, [207], [211].
• Veragua, [176], [177], [178], [179], [226], [227].
• Vermonde, isle de, [355], [356].
• Verrazana seu Gallia nova, [330].
• Verrazzano, Giovanni da:
• Varasenne, Jean de, [340];
• Varesam, Jehan de, [339];
• Varezano, João, [300];
• Verarsanus, [342];
• Vérassen, Jean, [298];
• Verazano, João, [301];
• Verazanus, John, [315];
• Verrassane, Jehan de, [340];
• Verrazano, Jean, [357], [358].
• First voyage to America, [298], [299];
• second voyage, [300];
• his ship, [301], [304];
• letter to Francis I., [301-303];
• discovers land, [305], [306];
• map, [314], [315];
• on peninsula of Virginia, [314];
• Sea of Verrazzano, [315];
• enters New York Bay, [316];
• discovers the Hudson, [317];
• gives a name to Block Island, [320];
• anchors in Narragansett Bay, [321-326];
• sails along the coast of Maine, [327-329];
• extent of land discovered, [329], [351], [357];
• geographical explanation, [331];
• news of his return, [335];
• unfavorable opinions concerning the voyage, [337];
• his former voyages, [338];
• agreement for a third voyage to America, [339];
• his death, [340], [341];
• map and globe, [341], [342].
• Verrazzano, Hieronymus da, [315], [339];
• map, [315], [330], [343].
• Verrazzano, Pier da, [300].
• Verzino, [213], [216].
• Vespasian, [232].
• Vespucci Amerigo, his first voyage, [160];
• reaches the continent of America, [160];
• explorations, [161-165];
• land of Lariab, [166];
• island of Iti, [167];
• returns to Spain, [167].
• Vespucci’s second voyage, [173];
• explorations along the coast of South America, [174];
• returns to Spain, [174].
• Vespucci’s third voyage, [212];
• explores the east coast of Brazil, [213];
• returns to Lisbon, [214].
• Vespucci’s fourth voyage, [214];
• sails southward along the coast of Brazil, [214];
• Bay of All Saints, [214];
• returns to Portugal, account of his four voyages, [217], [218];
• his name given to the continent, [218], [219];
• false imputations, [220].
• Vicente, Martin, [77].
• Vieusseux, Geo. Pietro, [339].
• Vigfusson, Gudbrand, [33].
• Vikings, [21].
• Villa, Pedro de, [138].
• Villa de la Navidad, [133], [136], [148], [149], [150].
• Villalan, Doctor, [91].
• Villa Rica de Vera Cruz, [249], [279].
• Villa Segura, [277].
• Villegagnon, Chevalier, [359].
• Villers, [350].
• Vinland discovered, [30];
• shortest day in, [31-34];
• island, [41];
• promontory, [41].
• Virginia, peninsula of, [313], [314], [315], [318].
• Vision, prophetic, [158], [180].
• Vries, David Pieterse, [347].
• Walckenaër, Baron de, [183].
• Waldseemüller, Martin, [218].
• Walker, E., [99].
• Wassenaer, Nicolaes à, [347].
• Watling Island, [107].
• Wells, [266].
• Western Sea, [315], [343].
• West Indies, [145], [203].
• Westminster, [201], [203].
• Wheat, in Vinland, [35], [37];
• in Greenland, [35];
• in Iceland, [35].
• Wheaton, Henry, [23].
• Whitehall, [200].
• Wilden, [347].
• Wild-men, [345], [347].
• Wine, [171], [178].
• Wine-berries, [29], [35], [42].
• Wine-land, [30].
• Wine-wood, [29], [37], [42].
• Worthington, William, [203].
• Xamunabe, [283].
• Xamunambe, [281].
• Xapida, [283].
• Xapira, [281].
• Xathi, [283].
• Xicales, [262].
• Xiquipiles, [269].
• Xocotlan, [250].
• Xoxi, [281].
• Yahveh, sees the wickedness of man, [19].
• Yamaye, island of, [133].
• Yamiscaron, [28].
• Yebra River, [177].
• Yenyohol, [281].
• Yonge, C. D., [198].
• Yuca, [232].
• Yucatan, [148], [175], [214], [215], [229], [230], [232], [233], [239].
• Yule, Henry, [55], [57].
• Yurbaco, [183].
• Zacton, or Zayton, [82], [120].
• Zanzibar, [58].
• Zapata, [276].
• Zeno, Antonio, [45], [46], [50];
• Carlo, [45], [50];
• Nicolò, [44], [45], [46].
• Zeni brothers’ voyage, [44], [49], [50].
• Zeus, assembles the gods, [19].
• Zichmni, [45], [49].
• Zipangi, [84]. (See [Cipango].)
• Zodiac, [244].
• Zuanta, [148].
• Zubu, island, [294].

THE END.

A copy of one half of the map of the world made by Johann Ruysch, contained in the edition of Ptolemy’s Geography printed at Rome in 1508. The map is entitled: “Vniversalior cogniti orbis tavula ex recentibvs confecta observationibvs.”

(The copy is nearly as large as the original.)

[Copyright. “Discoveries of America.” Weise. G. P. Putnam’s Sons, New York, 1884.]

A copy of a part of the map of the world made by Visconte de Maiollo in Genoa in 1527. (The scale of latitudes was copied from one on another part of the map. The original in the Ambrosian Library, Milan, is twenty-three inches wide.)

[Copyright. “Discoveries of America.” Weise. G. P. Putnam’s Sons. New York, 1884.]

A copy of a part of the map of the world made by Juan de la Cosa in the port of St. Mary, Spain, in 1500. (The original is about one-third larger.)

[Copyright. “Discoveries of America.” Weise. G. P. Putnam’s Sons. New York, 1884.]