Footnotes
[1] First century A.D.
[2] Zen (Sanskrit: dhyāna) means literally “contemplation.”
[3] Dr. McGovern tells me that Zen would seem to be more immediately derived from the Nihilistic School of Nāgārjuna (1st century A.D.).
[4] Concentration.
[5] Dai Bonten Monbutsu Ketsugi Kyō.
[6] Translated by W. Gemmell, 1912. Its use by Kōnin shows that Zen did not long avoid the use of scriptures.
[7] Old T’ang History, 191.
[8] 1592-1673 A.D.
[9] On the attitude of the Mongol rulers to Zen, see an article by Prof. Kunishita, Tōyōgakuhō, xi., 4, 87.
[10] See Kümmel, Die Kunst Ostasiens Pl. 118.
[11] See my Nō Plays of Japan (Allen & Unwin, 1921), p. 19. The passage here translated is taken not from the current, two-chapter abridgement of Gidō’s Diary, but from the Kokuchoshū, a miscellany by the 15th century priest Zuikei, who quoted many passages from the lost portion of the Diary. See Mr. Saga Tōshū, Shina Gaku, I., 1.
[12] 1314-1384.
[13] Died 1323. Both he and Donfu were Japanese priests who visited China.
[14] At Chia-hsing in Chehkiang.
[15] Entered this temple in 1334.
[16] Visited Japan; was at the Shōtenji from 1342-1345.