FOOTNOTES:
[1] Mémoires de Gaston.
[2] Mémoires de Gaston.
[3] Mémoires de Gaston.
[4] Mémoires de Mademoiselle de Montpensier.
[5] Sauval (1620-1670), Histoire et recherches sur les antiquités de Paris.
[6] The gate of the "Conférence" was built at the time the great improvements were begun, in 1633. It was built after the grand plans of Cardinal de Richelieu and according to his own instructions (Gamboust).
[7] Piganiol de la Force (1673-1753), Description of the City of Paris, etc.
[8] Estat de la France (Collection Danjou).
[9] Extraits des comptes et dépenses du roi pour l'année 1616 (Collection Danjou).
[10] Mémoires de Mathieu Molé.
[11] Letter written by Pontis.
[12] Richelieu et la monarchie absolue.
[13] Mémoires of Lenet.
[14] See his Mémoires.
[15] A few years before his death, which occurred in 1670.
[16] Beheaded in 1632, aged thirty-seven years.
[17] Tallemant.
[18] The first volume of Le Grand Cyrus appeared in 1649; the last in 1653.
[19] Mademoiselle de Scudéry uses the word propre, meaning "elegant," etc.
[20] In Clélie.
[21] Tallemant.
[22] The first number bears date 1605.
[23] The first number appeared May 1, 1631.
[24] Recueil, etc. Discours sur plusieurs points importants de l'état present des affaires de France.
[25] Recueil, etc. Avertissement aux provinces sur les nouveaux mouvements du royaume, by the Sieur de Cléonville (1631).
[26] Mémoires of Mademoiselle.
[27] Relation de ce que c'est passé en l'affaire de la reyne au mois d'août, 1637, sui le sujet de la Porte et de l'Abbesse du Val-de-Grâce. See document in the Bibliothèque National.
[28] The first part appeared in 1610, or perhaps [says M. Brunetière], in 1618. The rest followed at long intervals. The four last volumes bear date 1627 and consequently are posthumous. The part written by d'Urfé cannot be distinguished from the part written by Baro, who continued the work begun by d'Urfé.
[29] Manuel de l'histoire de la littérature française, by M. Ferdinand Brunetière. Cf. En Bourbonnais et en Forez, by Emile Montégut, and Le roman (XVII. Century) by Paul Morillot in L'histoire de la langue et de la littérature française, published under the direction of M. Petit de Julleville. Les vendanges de Suresnes, by Pierre du Ryer.
[30] Waliszeffski: Marysienka.
[31] Paul Morillot, loc. cit.
[32] In the Dedication of Place Royale.
[33] In the Dedication of Place Royale.
[34] M. Lemaître's address, delivered at Port Royal. (Racine's Centennial.)
[35] Histoire de l'art, pendant la renaissance.
[36] Sauval, Les antiquités de Paris.
[37] Dulaure, Environs de Paris.
[38] Astrée.
[39] Montégut, loc. cit.
[40] Somaize's Dictionnaire des Précieuses.
[41] Mémoires, Conrart.
[42] Gazette de Loret. (Letter bearing date August 13, 1651.)
[43] Tallemant.
[44] Mémoires, de Richelieu.
[45] Young Louvigny was killed in a duel in 1629; he was entering his twenty-first year.
[46] Vicomte d'Avenel, Richelieu et la Monarchie absolue.
[47] See Gamboust's map, Paris en 1652.
[48] Tallemant.
[49] In one of the angles at the end of the courtyard (Tallemant).
[50] M. Bourciez loc. cit.
[51] Ibid.
[52] Bussy-Rabutin, Histoire amoreuse des Gaules.
[53] Oh, no! not such a good boy as all that!—Arvède Barine.
[54] Mme. de Sévigné.
[55] Valentin Conrart, Réné Kerviler and Ed. de Barthélemy.
[56] Mme. de Kerviler and Ed. de Barthélemy, loc. cit.
[57] Tallemant.
[58] Cardinal La Valette.
[59] Near Enghien.
[60] Mademoiselle was ten years old at that time.
[61] The Palais-Royal of to-day.
[62] >Alex. Hardy et le théâtre français, Eugène Rigal.
[63] Sorel, La maison des jeux. The book was published in 1642, but M. E. Rigal supposes that the disorders and the complaints cited in it date from a previous epoch.
[64] La pratique du théâtre.
[65] Certainly the desire was not lacking.—Author.
[66] Le théâtre au temps du Corneille, Gustave Reynier. The first representation of the Cid took place either in December, 1636, or in January, 1637.
[67] See dedicatory letter accompanying a comedy played in 1632 and published in 1636. Galanteries du duc d'Ossonne. Mairet.
[68] Aminta was played in 1573, but it was not imprinted until 1581, when it was first known outside of Italy.
[69] Pierre Corneille, Petit de Julleville.
[70] Pierre Corneille, Petit de Julleville.
[71] Jules Lemaître.
[72] Manual de l'histoire de la littérature française. F. Brunetière.
[73] Corneille, Lanson.
[74] Cyrano de Bergerac, E. Rostand.
[75] "There are agreeable things in Bejazet, but there is nothing perfectly beautiful in it, nothing to carry you away in spite of yourself, none of the tirades which make you shiver when you read Corneille. My daughter, take good care not to compare Racine to him. Distinguish the difference between them" (16th March, 1672).
[76] Henriette, third daughter of Henry IV., was "accorded with" or promised in betrothal to Comte de Soissons a few months after her birth; the Comte was between five and six years old. Marie de Médicis did not consider the infantile betrothal binding; when she saw fit to marry her daughter she bestowed her hand upon Charles I., the King of England (1625).
[77] Ferdinand, third son of Philip III.
[78] The Cardinal-Infant had been forced to leave his camp and go to Brussels to recover his health. He died in Brussels soon after his arrival, more beloved by the French people—so it was said—than was becoming to a King of Spain. (See l'Histoire de la France sous Louis XIII. A. Bazin.)
[79] Mémoires de Michel de Marolles (Abbé de Villeloin); La Conspiration Cinq-Mars (Mlle. J. P. Basserie).
[80] Dulaure's Histoire de Paris.
[81] Mémoires, Montglat.
[82] Fontenelle's Vie de Pierre Corneille.
[83] Cinq-Mars had been promoted to the position of Grand Equerry.
[84] Motteville.
[85] Motteville.
[86] Montglat.
[87] Registres de l'Hôtel de Ville (Collection Danjou).
[88] Mémoire du roi au plénipotentiaires (6th January, 1644). ("Il ne faut pas s'étonner de tout ce que disent nos enemies; C' est à nous de tenir: il est indubitable qu'ils se rangeront peu à peu.")
[89] The first of our casinos.
[90] Mémoires of Mademoiselle.
[91] Olivier d'Ormesson.
[92] Mademoiselle erred as to the date; the Gazette de France fixes it March 8th.
[93] About six millions of francs.
[94] Mademoiselle errs in supposing (in her memoirs) that it was but one year. Such errors are frequent in her writings.
[95] Père de Bérulle et l'Oratoire de Jésus, M. l'Abbé Houssaye.
[96] Saint François de Sales, Fortunat Strowski.
[97] The Abbé Houssaye, loc cit.
[98] Saint Vincent de Paul et les Gondis, Chantelauze.
[99] Le Cardinal de Bérulle et Richelieu, the Abbé Houssaye.
[100] Les Libertins en France au XVII. Siècle, F. T. Perrens.
[101] Oraison funèbre d'Anne de Gonzague, Bossuet.
[102] Port Royal, Sainte Beuve.
[103] Bérulle et l'Oratoire, the Abbé Houssaye.
[104] Fortunat Strowski.
[105] Their uselessness, their ignorance have made us despise them.—Bossuet.
[106] Manuel de l'histoire de la littérature française, F. Brunetière.
The first edition of La vie dévote appeared in 1688, the Traité de l'amour de Dieu appeared in 1612.
[107] The address delivered on the occasion of Racine's Centennial, 26th April 1899.
[108] Motteville.
[109] Mémoires.
[110] Declaration pour la Régence (21st April, 1643).
[111] Born in 1616.
[112] Édouard, Prince Palatine, a younger son of the Elector Palatine, Frédéric V.
[113] Motteville.
[114] Duc d'Aumale's Histoire des princes de Condé.
[115] Among other emoluments he had 800,000 livres.
[116] Mémoires of Lenet.
[117] Manuscript Mémoires published in fragments with Olivier d'Ormesson's Journal, by M. Chervel (who appears to have been a member of the House of Condé).
[118] Mazarin lived in a palace which became the Bibliothèque Nationale.
[119] In Mazarin's letters the words in italics are either in cipher or in words which he had agreed upon with the Queen when arranging the details of his absence; in this instance we have used the translation given by M. Ravenel in his Lettres du Cardinal Mazarin à la Reine, etc.
[120] La Porte.
[121] Mémoires of La Porte.
[122] Mémoires of de Brienne, junior.
[123] See the journal of Olivier d'Ormesson. This scene took place March 19, 1645.
[124] Motteville.
[125] La misère au temps de la Fronde (quoted from the records of the Council).
[126] La Galerie des portraits de Mlle. de Montpensier. (New edition.) Édouard de Barthélemy.
[127] May, 1648.
[128] Gamboust.
[129] André d'Ormesson. (See note accompanying Olivier d'Ormesson's journal.)
[130] Lenet's Mémoires.
[131] See official documents. (Paris, 31st October, 1648.)
[132] Forty sole. (See Olivier de Ormesson's journal.)
[133] Monsieur's second marriage had endowed him with five heirs, three of whom (daughters) had lived.
[134] Journal des guerres civiles, Dubuisson-Aubenay.
[135] Retz.
[136] Unpublished and anonymous memoirs cited by Chévruel.
[137] La jeunesse de Mme. de Longueville, Cousin.
[138] La Rochefoucauld, J. Bourdeau.
[139] Demandes des princes et Seigneurs qui ont pris les armes avec le Parlement et Peuple de Paris (15th March, 1649.) See Choix de Mazarinades, M. C. Moreau.
[140] For a study of the complicated causes of the fall of the nobility see Richelieu et la Monarchie absolue, G. d'Avenel.
[141] d'Ormesson.
[142] Registres de l'Hôtel de Ville pendant la Fronde.
[143] Registres de l'Hôtel de Ville pendant la Fronde.
[144] Segraisiana.
[145] Mémoires of La Rochefoucauld.
. . . "Je veux dormir,
Je naquis en dormant, j'y veux passer ma vie.
Jamais de m'éveillen il ne me prit envie,
Toi, ma femme et ma fille, y perdez vos efforts,
Je dors."
[147] Le Journal de Dubuisson-Aubenay.
[148] La jeunesse du Mareschal du Luxembourg, Pierre de Ségur.
[149] M. Feillet cites this letter in La misére au temps de la Fronde, but he does not give its date.
[150] Lenet's Mémoires.
[151] Motteville.
[152] The street separating the terrace from the garden, rue des Tuileries.
[153] He was less than thirteen years old.
[154] Mémoires, La Porte.
[155] This name is of doubtful authenticity; Mazarin's letters to the Queen are in cipher in some parts. In this book I have followed the text of M. Ravenel, Lettres du Cardinal Mazarin à la Princesse Palatine, etc. (1651-1652).
[156] Les Mémoires of Guy Joly and of Mme. de Nemours.
[157] Mazarin's apartments in the Palais Royal, next to the Queen's apartments. Lyonne lodged in the rue Vivienne.
[158] Motteville.
[159] Mademoiselle's memoirs.
[160] The city ditch.
[161] Mémoires of Conrart and the Registres de l'Hôtel de Ville.
[162] Omer Talon.
[163] La muse historique, de Loret.
[164] Governor of the Spanish Low Countries.
TRANSCRIBER NOTES:
P.[6]. 'MEDIC S' changed to 'MEDICIS'.
p.[50]. 'aujourd'huy' changed to 'aujourd'hui'.
P.[83]. Footnote 'National' changed to 'Nationale'.
P.[95]. 'inaginative' changed to 'imaginative'.
P.[114]. 's'aecrut' changed to 's'accrut'.
P.[138]. 'phenominal' changed to 'phenomenal'.
P.[160]. 'aud' changed to 'and'.
P.[163]. 'française' changed to 'français'.
P.[181]. 'nêtes' changed to 'n'êtes'.
P.[181]. 'Je le soutien, Carlos, vous nêtes point son fils' l think should read 'Je le soutiens, Carlos, vous n'êtes pas son fils'.
P.[183]. 'It it' changed to 'It is'.
P.[228]. 'dualogues' changed to 'dialogues'.
P.[247]. Footnote #'ennemies' changed to 'enemies'.
P.[287]. 'woful' changed to 'woeful'.
P.[315]. Footnote # 'Lettres des' changed to Lettres du'.
P.[345]. 'aud' changed to 'and'.
P.[367]. Footnote # 'Parlementet' changed to 'Parlement'.
P.[377]. 'imperi-ious' should be 'imperious', changed.
P.[391]. Added 'I' to 'where I was'.
P.[423]. Footnote [1] 'del' Hôtel' changed to 'de l'Hôtel'.
Adds: added . after dollar amountvarious.
Fixed various punctuation.