ARTICLE XIII
EVOLUTIONARY TELEOLOGY
The Opposition between Morphology and Teleology reconciled by Darwinism, and the Latter reinstated—Character of the New Teleology.—Purpose and Design distinguished—Man has no Monopoly of the Latter.—Inference of Design from Adaptation and Utility legitimate; also in Hume's Opinion irresistible—The Principle of Design, taken with Specific Creation, totally insufficient and largely inapplicable; but, taken with the Doctrine of the Evolution of Species in Nature, applicable, pertinent, and, moreover, necessary.—Illustrations from Abortive Organs, supposed Waste of Being, etc.—All Nature being of a Piece, Design must either pervade or be absent from the Whole.—Its Absence not to be inferred because the Events take place in Nature—Illustration of the Nature and Province of Natural Selection.—It picks out, but does not originate Variations; these not a Product of, but a Response to, the Environment; not physical, but physiological—Adaptations in Nature not explained by Natural Selection apart from Design or Final Cause—Absurdity of associating Design only with Miracle—What is meant by Nature.—The Tradition of the DIVINE in Nature, testified to by Aristotle, comes down to our Day with Undiminished Value