Wars & Treaties, 1815 to 1914

by Baron Arthur Ponsonby Ponsonby

Political Result:

By the Treaty of Nanking, August 21, 1842, Hong-kong was formally ceded to the British Crown; Canton, Amoy, Fuchow, Ningpo, and Shanghai were declared open to foreign trade. A war indemnity of twelve million dollars was paid to Great Britain, and subsequent treaties were signed for the regulation of trade.