INDEX.

Average: rate per cent on debt, [123], [124];

average wealth of the rich, the well-to-do, the middle, and of the poor classes, [28], [29];

of over 27-millions, [51], [52];

average, for homes in debt, [113];

for farms in debt, [111], [112];

differences in averages of different authorities, [38];

—rents, see: Rent.

Blocks illustrating comparison of individual wealth, [50].

Bread-winners by C. D. Wright, [85].

Capita: per capita wealth, [27], [38];

per capita debt, [122], [123].

Capital: aids to increase production of wealth, [55]-[57];

concentration of capital increased, [140], [155].

Cities: per cent of the homeless in, [80];

cities’ families in debt, [114], [115];

large cities’ families in debt, [114], [115];

cities belong to [24] and [14] per cent of their population, [118], [132].

Comparison of the poor and the rich by dollars’ worth, [7], [8];

comparison in tables, [42];

of the family-groups, [39];

of the U. S. with France at the time of Revolution, [16];

with Rome, [17];

by Crosby Hon. Ino. Reciprocal comparison of the middle classes of two tables, [39].

Concentration: of wealth in higher spheres, [153];

of employees, [155], [156];

1st table of concentrated wealth, [150];

2d and final table of, [169];

explanation of this concentration, [170];

concentration of wealth increases, [180], [181];

concentration of wealth greater than the total increase of it, [170], [171].

Consumers’ opinion on remuneration of capital and laborers, [97], [98];

do not know the bases of justice and rights, [98], [99].

Debt: on farms, [111], [112];

on homes, [113];

increase of, 1880-89, [119]-[122];

increase of public debt, [167];

total debt on acres and lots in 1890, [121], [124]-[5];

percentages of families in debt in cities, [114], [115];

debt of the U. S., states, counties, school districts, etc., foot note, [126];

of New York, foot note, [134];

amounts of, on real estate, [121];

per capita, [122];

extinguished debt, 12.68%, [122];

interest charge against debt, [124];

combined interest charge against families’ debt, [125], [126].

Distribution of wealth: 1st table, [28];

1st R. table, [29];

2d table, [32];

2d R. table, [36];

2d Right table, [45];

1st and 2d tables, [47]. Table I, [6];

diagrams for conclusions of Mr. Holmes, [5];

diagrams for conclusions of Mr. Shearman, [12];

Table II;

conclusions of Mr. Shearman, [12];

diagrams for conclusions of Dr. Spahr, [20];

double table III for these diagrams, [21];

conclusions of Dr. Spahr, [18];

conclusions of Geo. K. Holmes, [5], [6].

Dividogenesure: definition and origin of, [70];

divides people into classes, [71];

its tacit power of enslaving the people or expelling into the sphere of charities, [72];

it enforces idleness, [73];

is the main cause of misery, [74];

is sister of primogeniture, [74];

is a pernicious principle, [74];

its favorites without moral responsibility, [75];

is a system of slavery distinct from any other slavery, [75], [76];

the propertyless are special victims of it, [92], [103]-[4];

is a foundation of iniquity, [87], [88];

implies degrees of hardship against its dependents, [117], [74];

its hardship according to the rates of gain from each employed individual, [103]-[4];

its rates are not wages, but pure losses, [106];

differs from primogeniture, [131];

future of the nation under dividogenesure, [106]-[7], [181].

Energy: human energy embodied in objects, [98];

crystallized in articles, [99];

human energy concentrates into the hands of speculators, [99], [100].

Extortion: from the public by excess of selling prices over cost of production, [158], [159];

by mining monopolies, [161];

by stock-watering, [173], [174].

Families: groups compared, [39], [42];

basis of family-worth, [39], [41], [42];

statistics of—occupying farms and homes, [79],—hire farms, [81],—hire homes, [81], [82];

farm families in debt, [111], [112];

home-families in debt, [113];

table of farm and home families, [116];

one million of rich families, [92], [103]-[4];

dividends of the million families, [103], [104] and [138]-[9];

one million (families) masters, [181]-[2];

263,380 families of the well-to-do class included into the average of the poor of the 2d table, [32];

exposed by comparisons, [39], [42];

surplus million families found in the tenant group, 2d table, [32], [34], [35].

Farms: acreage of, [148];

rent per acre, [148]-[9];

acreage for the increased population, [164]-[5];

rent, [165];

increase of rented farms, [166];

percentage of incumbered farms, [166], [167];

farms in France, [49].

Future of the nation (possible), [106]-[7].

Gainful pursuits, persons engaged in, [91]-[2].

Galileo signed Jesuit Verdict, [16].

Germany, Berlin, [48], [49].

Great Britain, distribution of private property, [48], [49].

Herron, George (Professor dismissed from the Iowa College), [107].

Holmes, G. K. U. S. Census Expert on Mortgage Statistics, [6], [14], [15], [24];

not partisan, [33], [35].

Holmes, G. H., view on mortgages, [132].

House-Scarb defined, [8].

Income: daily income from the poor, [138]-[9];

gross incomes of the workers decreased, [143];

net incomes of many trusts omitted, [151]-[2];

net incomes of the owners of the central parts of cities, [152]-[3];

net incomes of the manufacture and mechanical trades, [157]-[8];

net incomes of the mining monopolies, [161];

total net incomes of the natural, mortgagee, rentable house, and land monopolies, [150];

total net incomes of all monopolies, etc., table, [169];

excess of the incomes over the total increase of wealth, [169], [170]-[1].

Inventions: as aid to human energy, [85], [86];

they are blessing and curse, [86];

inventors were a blessing to humanity, [98].

Landowners of England, Scotland, Holland and of Germany, [56].

Logical Premises, [5];

logical premises of life, [25].

Losses: special of the wage-earners, [157];

special of the farmers, [160];

special of the miners, [161];

loss of the previous wealth by the people, [171];

total loss of wealth in 7 years by the U. S. people, [170].

Mayo Smith, Prof., compares French proprietorship of land with that of England, [49].

Monopolies: definitions of, Appendix II and III;

profits of the mortgagee, [145];

profits of the natural, [101], [145]-[6];

profits of monopolies of the rentable homes, [146]-[7];

profits of rentable lands, [149];

the total net incomes of [4] classes of monopolies, [150];

grand total of the total net incomes of the monopolies and combinations, [169];

explanation of the net incomes of the monopolies, [170]-[1].

See: Incomes, the excess of.

Mortgages: statistics of, [111];

development of, [119];

significance of, [128];

semi-optimistic views on, [128];

view of Mr. E. Atkinson on, [128]-[132];

of Mr. G. H. Holmes, [132];

view of Rev. Wm. D. P. Bliss, Editor of Enc. of Soc. Reform, [133];

Semi-pessimistic views: view of Mr. J. P. Dunn, Jr., Burden of Debt, [134];

losses of property by foreclosure, an example, [135], [136];

view of Mr. D. R. Goodloe, [136].

See: Debt.

Mulhall, Mr., comparison of farmers of different countries, [93].

Napoleon Bonaparte, [107]-[8].

Poor: grow absolutely poorer, [172].

Population: in families, [18];

in individuals, [5], [12];

increase of in 1897, [163], [164], [165];

in 1900, [182].

Primogeniture, Great Britain and Japan, [70], [74], [136].

Productivity of the Americans: on farm, [93];

in industry, [94], [95], [96].

Propertyless: “Less than half the nation,” [18];

“tenants,” group 1st, 2d table, [32];

causes of the increase of the propertyless, [52];

propertyless is a resourceless man of multiple expenditure, [61]-[68]-[71];

he is a source of multiple income for many propertied, [68];

without employment, [69];

pay rent or are expelled, [77]-[78];

unseen forces compel him to be a slave, [76];

more than half the population, [82];

made the nation in 1865, [85];

could build and inhabit 33 most populous cities, [83], [84];

have nothing to hope for, [86]-[7];

number of in 1897, [179];

number of in 1900, [182].

Rates of interest are higher against the poor debtors, [127]-[8].

See: Debt.

Real estate indebtedness, [121].

See: Debt.

Rent: house rent per family, [147];

house rent on farms, [149];

rent paid for homes and farms by increased population, [164]-[5];

average house rent, [147];

for farms, [148]-[9];

totals of rent paid, table, [169];

according to Dr. Spahr for 1890, house and office, [152]-[3];

rent for 1900, [182]-[3]-[4].

Resources: of the propertied, [53]-[60];

of the propertyless, [61], [64]-[5];

a semi-resourced man, [68].

Rich: comparison of, [42];

deeper reasons why the rich grow absolutely richer, [172]-[3].

See: Distribution.

Rome, mistress of the world, [17].

Shearman, Tho. G., conclusions of, [11], [12], [24], [32];

his basis of averages differ, [38];

one average covers 89.4% of the entire population, [40].

Spahr, C. B., Dr. conclusions of, [18], [20], [24];

table, [28], [31].

See: Taxes.

Statistics of wealth, by J. K. Upton, special agent of the [11]th census, [27], [181].

See: Mortgages.

Steam power: increase of, [57].

Taxes: proportions of national taxes, [175];

indirect taxes paid, [176];

decrease of national taxes, [176];

unjust to the poor, [176];

local taxes: proportions of, [176];

local taxes less unjust to the poor, [177];

local taxes paid, [178];

the poor pay taxes on gross incomes, [179];

total taxes paid by the rich and the poor, [178], [179];

taxes increased by the war, [180]-[1].

Tenants of farms and homes, [32];

the correct number of, table, [36].

See: Propertyless.

Trusts: definitions of, [Appendix II];

development of, [154]-[156];

incomes of some trusts omitted, [151]-[2];

trusts more active, [180];

the view of Henry Brown, Associate Justice of the U. S. Supreme Court on trusts, [162].

Wages: economic doctrine of the rate of, [141];

wages would be twice as low, [141];

artificially kept up, [142];

reports on the fall of wages, [142]-[3].

Waite, F. C., special agent of the 11th census in charge of True Wealth: ascertained the earnings of the natural monopolies for 1890, [99], [101].

Wealth: table of, [27];

accumulation of, [27];

True wealth, [99], [101];

land is the source of wealth, [54], [55];

average wealth per family, $[5],[125], table, [29], [47];

per capita, lower table, [27], [38], table, [51];

aggregates of wealth owned by different classes, 1st table, [29], [45];

wealth owned by individuals, table, [51];

chart, [50];

concentration of wealth, tables, [150], [169] (for 1897);

increase of wealth (for 1900), [181];

increase of in [7] years, [139], [140];

increased phenomenally, [140];

who profits by the increase of, [144]-[5];

concentration of in industries, [154];

largest fortunes of, increase most rapidly, Dr. Henderson, [172];

wealth reduced with the increased number of families, [171].

See: in the tax table, [178].