THE OLD SPANISH BUILDING
At the corner of Royal and St. Anne streets, is delineated in the above engraving as it now stands—and long may it remain as a memorial of other times.
Thirty years ago—which, comparatively would take us back three centuries in any European city—thirty years ago, one might have seen from that spot, then the centre of the city, long perspective street-scenes of a similar character. Innovation has now done her work—has absolutely trodden the city of the last century under her feet.
The Casa Blanca, at the corner of Bienville and Old Levee Streets, has also escaped the general demolition. It was once the courtly residence of Bienville, the first governor of Louisiana—the seat of power, and the centre of wealth, beauty and fashion in the province. It is still on its old foundation, standing "alone in its glory," and the spirit of innovation has so far respected its ancient uses, that it is still a treasury of wealth, and a conservatory of the sweetness of our favored clime—a store house of sugar and molasses!
Environs of New Orleans.
EXCURSIONS
In consequence of the level surface of the country in the environs of New Orleans, a great variety of scenery cannot be expected—yet, on the northern shore of lake Pontchartrain, the ground is somewhat higher and rolling, and affords very pleasant positions. Although not formed like the prolific north and west, in hill and dale, cliffs and cascades, alternately varying and beautifying the landscape, yet there are charming rides and rambles in the neighborhood of this city, of which a more minute account will be given under their respective heads, which follow.
Carrolton, a distance of six miles by the rail-road, is an exceedingly pleasant resort. The line, for nearly a third of the way, passes through the suburbs of the city, and is dotted on either side with beautiful residences—the remainder passes through cultivated fields, pleasant pastures, and delightful wood-lands. The road, like the country, is perfectly level, and kept in the finest condition. At the end of the route is situated the village; which is principally composed of tastefully built cottages, constructed in every variety of architecture that suited the individual fancy of the owner. Opposite the rail-road depôt, is one of the handsomest and most extensive public gardens, that is to be found in the vicinity of New Orleans. A race course is near by; and the strolls around are quite cheering to those who fly from the turmoil and dust of the metropolis.
The shell road of the Canal and Banking Company, affords an agreeable ride to lake Pontchartrain, also a distance of six miles. The highway runs on the margin of the canal, and is not excelled by any road in the United States. It is the great resort for every species of pleasure vehicle that the city furnishes; and here may be seen, on an afternoon, all grades of society, from the gay sportsman, mounted on his fast trotter, to the sober citizen, who sallies forth on his ambling poney, all of whom appear to realize an equal share of enjoyment. A line of comfortably arranged barges also ply on the canal from the lake, at which place a convenient hotel is established. Half way on this road, between the city and the lake, is the highly celebrated Metairie race track.
The pontchartrain rail-road, runs to the lake from which it derives its name, from the head of Elysian Fields street, a distance of five miles. It is a very pretty ride. This route communicates with the great northern mail line, which goes by the way of Mobile—and all the steamboats, that traverse the lakes to the various villages and landings that surround it, make this their general starting point. From here, a passage is obtained to Biloxi, which, the reader will recollect, was the first spot settled by the French in this portion of the world; and, from that circumstance, will naturally excite the curiosity of the intelligent wayfarer. At the termination of this rail-road is a first-rate hotel for the accommodation of visitors. Here is good bathing, fishing and shooting; and, beneath the shade of the trees, the breeze from the water is delightfully refreshing.
The mexican gulf rail-road, runs from Elysian Fields street, on Good Children street, towards Lake Borgne. There are twenty eight miles of this road now in operation. When finished, it will afford considerable facilities to commerce, besides great benefit to the citizens, conveying them, in about one and a half hours, to the refreshing breeze of the ocean—where fish, oysters and game may be found in abundance. No doubt it will compete with the most favored watering places of Bay St. Louis, Pass Christian, Biloxi, &c. It will also be a great accommodation to the planters in the neighborhood—who already, so far as it goes, have given it good encouragement. This road has recently been purchased of the State, by A. Gordon and Co., who, availing themselves of about 22 miles of the Nashville rail-road iron, are bringing this work to a rapid completion.
The road of bayou st. john, which follows the sinuosities of that stream, and reaches lake Pontchartrain at the site of the old fort St. John, after travelling the distance of about six miles, presents a very pleasant drive. Returning by the new Shell road before mentioned, it varies the route without adding much to the distance.
Macdonough stands on the banks of the river opposite to New Orleans; and the crossing, in the hottest weather, is generally accompanied by a slight breeze, rendered cool and pleasant by the mighty current of the river, which comes from the icy springs of the Alleghanies and the Rocky mountains. The village, of itself, possesses no great beauty—but the country, the beautiful country is all around—and the noise and confusion of the city no longer annoy you. The great attraction at this spot is in visiting the United States marine hospital, one of the handsomest structures in Louisiana, which stands a little above.
Algiers adjoins, and seems a part of Macdonough. This is the great work-shop of New Orleans, for the building and repairing of vessels. It has its dry docks, and other facilities for the most extensive operations. In business times, it presents a scene of activity that is seldom observed in any other part of these regions, and reminds one of the bustling and enterprise of the North. The period has been when Algiers prescribed the law, vi et armis, to the city itself—but the day and the disposition, have happily long since passed away.
Gretna, on the same shore, is nearly two miles further up the river, and stands opposite Lafayette. The whole distance is spotted with comfortable residences, principally inhabited by the owners of the adjoining grounds, and the walk from Algiers to this village is very gratifying to one partial to such exercise. There is a steamboat constantly plying from here to the city, which affords a desirable excursion of nearly three miles, touching at Lafayette in its passage each way. The village has a rural appearance, is regularly laid out, and exhibits some neat tenements. The forest approaches quite near; and, the idea that one may so easily lose himself in the neighboring woods, gives to the place a touch of romance which only the denizens of a crowded city know how to appreciate. From the great number of cattle observed along the shore, it would seem as if there was no necessity of diluting the milk for the New Orleans market, unless the milkmen be tea-total temperance men, and take this method to introduce the inhabitants gradually to a taste for water.
The race courses. There are three of these in the vicinity of this city. The Louisiana, near lake Pontchartrain; the Metairie, near the Shell road; and the one at Carrolton. These are as well patronised as any in the country, and, in the racing season, the inhabitants of the neighboring states, from a great distance, flock hither to participate in the sports of the turf. Much praise has been bestowed upon the arrangements on these occasions. Even here, as in many other countries, the ladies, by their presence, have given them countenance and encouragement—and the course usually is "gemmed by the rich beauty of the sunny south."
The battle ground, (formerly known as "the Plains of Chalmette,") the very naming of which causes the bosom of an American to swell with patriotic pride, lies five miles below the city. It may be approached either by the Grand Gulf rail-road, or by a good highway along the levee, the new Convent and United States barracks being within full view. But first it may be necessary to look briefly at the historical facts which give celebrity to the spot.
Early in December, 1814, the British approached New Orleans, about 8000 strong, by the way of the lakes Borgne and Pontchartrain. Their passage into the lake was opposed by a squadron of gun-boats under Lieut. Jones. After a spirited conflict, in which the killed (500) and the wounded of the enemy exceeded the whole American force, he was compelled to surrender to superior numbers.
On the 21st of Dec. four thousand militia arrived from Kentucky and Tennessee, under General Jackson. On the 22nd, the enemy having previously landed, took a position near the Mississippi, eight miles below the city. On the evening of the 23d, the Americans made a furious attack upon their camp, and threw them into disorder, with five hundred of their men killed. The enemy rallied; and Gen. Jackson withdrew his troops, and fortified a strong position six miles below the city, supported by batteries on the west side of the river. Here he was unsuccessfully assailed on the 28th of Dec. and 1st of Jan., the enemy losing two hundred to three hundred men. In the mean time both armies received reinforcements.
The decisive battle was fought on the 8th day of Jan. 1815. The American right was on the river, running in a right angle to the wood. A redoubt was raised (which is still visible) strengthened by bales of cotton along the whole line. The enemy were about a half mile lower down, on a parallel line, their head quarters resting on the river, near three large oaks which still mark the spot. The scene is distinct, and this is the battle ground.
The British commenced the assault at day light. As they approached the works, sixty deep, many were killed by grape shot; but, when they came within musket range, a destructive stream of fire burst forth from the American lines. Our troops were placed in two ranks, the rear loading while the front fired, thus pouring an incessant peal—which, from Kentucky and Tennessee riflemen, was most deadly. While leading on the troops of the enemy, Gen. Pakenham, the chief in command, was killed; Gen. Gibbs, the second in command, was wounded mortally; and Gen. Keene severely. Without officers to direct them, the troops halted, fell back, and soon fled in confusion to their camp. In a little over an hour, two thousand out of eight thousand veterans lay dead upon the field, while the Americans had but seven killed and six wounded—a disproportion unparalleled in the history of warfare. Gen. Lambert, upon whom the command then devolved, after one more unsuccessful attempt to assault, availed himself of a truce of twenty-four hours to bury the dead, made good his retreat—which Gen. Jackson felt no disposition to molest, as he was resolved to hazard none of his advantages. Thus was New Orleans saved from the hands of an invading enemy whose War cry was—"Beauty and Booty."
The British lost during the month they were in Louisiana, more than three thousand three hundred and fifty in killed, while the loss of the Americans was not two hundred. The wounded of the enemy must have been much less, on account of the sure aim of the backwoodsmen. The greater portion of our army were plain honest farmers—who knew nothing of battle—they heard that their country was in danger—the country which gave a home to them, and their children, and they flew to its defence,—drove the invaders from their shores, and then returned to their homes to till the ground.
It is not a matter of surprise—though the battle is without a parallel in the history of the world—that even "invincibles," were so dreadfully routed by undisciplined backwoodsmen defending their native soil, with their wives and children behind them.
A jaunt to these grounds is a sort of pilgrimage, that no stranger will, that no citizen can neglect. Not to have seen the field of this great victory, would be a reflection upon the taste, not to say the patriotism of any who should visit our city. The ground it is true, presents few memorials to remind the patriotic visitor of the deadly strife. There is no proud monument, towering to the sky, to mark the place where the great victory was won. But he beholds the consequences wherever he turns his eye, and he feels them—deeply feels them in every throb of his heart. Those born upon the soil, and those who participated in the struggle, have reason to be proud of the spot, and to cherish the memory of that eventful day. If there is no lofty structure of granite or marble, to perpetuate the glorious achievement, it has a holier, a more enduring memorial in the heart of every true American, which thrills with lofty pride at every allusion to it, as did the ancient Greek at the name of Marathon, or the Spartan at that of Thermopylæ.
TRAVELLING ROUTES
The facilities which this metropolis affords for reaching any accessible portion of the world, particularly all sections of the union, are not excelled. Steam and sailing ships of the first class, hold commercial intercourse with almost every nation. Steamboats, with accommodations equal to the best regulated hotels, are plying through every river and bayou. Four to five thousand miles can be achieved, in those floating palaces, with perfect ease, and comparative safety.
The principal routes between the north and the south are here given, as also the intermediate places, together with those inland most frequented by the traveller and the man of business, and the distances carefully noted as they diverge, in their various directions. Beside the four annexed routes to New York, there are several that lead to favorite watering places, and other points attractive to travellers of leisure, which it would be quite impracticable to lay down in a work of this kind. They can always obtain information of these resorts, from intelligent companions on the road, that will prevent their deviating much from the point they wish to attain. The distances on the river have been corrected agreeably to the latest survey. The other routes conform to the most approved authorities; and, frequently, have been corrected by personal observation, with the utmost care and attention.
Route 1.—From New Orleans to New York, via Pittsburgh, Pa., by Steamboat.
Route 2.—New Orleans to New York, via St. Louis, Chicago and Buffalo, (see route 1.) to Mouth of the Ohio, Steamboat to St. Joseph.
Route 3.—New Orleans to New York, via Wheeling and Baltimore.
| Miles. | ||
| To Wheeling, by steamboat, (see route 1.) | 1912 | |
| Cumberland, by stage, | 131 | 2043 |
| Hancocktown, Md., rail-road | 39 | 2082 |
| Williamsport, Md., do | 27 | 2109 |
| Frederickstown, Md., do | 27 | 2136 |
| Poplar, Md., do | 20 | 2156 |
| Ellicott's, Md., do | 17 | 2173 |
| Baltimore, Md., do | 10 | 2183 |
| Havre de Grace, Del., do | 31 | 2214 |
| Wilmington, Del., do | 36 | 2250 |
| Philadelphia, Pa., do | 26 | 2276 |
| New York, (see route 2.) | 88 | 2364 |
Route 4.—New Orleans to New York, Mail line.
| Miles. | ||
| Point Pontchartrain, by rail-road, | 5 | |
| Fort Pike, by steamboat | 21 | 26 |
| Bay St. Louis, do | 33 | 59 |
| Biloxi, do | 31 | 90 |
| Pascagoula, Miss., do | 20 | 110 |
| Cedar Point, Al., do | 26 | 136 |
| Mobile, Al., do | 28 | 164 |
| Junction of Alabama and Tombigbee river, do | 65 | 229 |
| Claiborne, do | 72 | 301 |
| Black Bluff, do | 46 | 347 |
| Dale Town, do | 35 | 382 |
| Canton, do | 14 | 396 |
| Portland, do | 29 | 425 |
| Cahaba, do | 21 | 446 |
| Selma, do | 18 | 464 |
| Benton, do | 35 | 499 |
| Vernon, do | 39 | 538 |
| Loch Ranza, do | 6 | 544 |
| Washington, do | 16 | 560 |
| Montgomery, do | 12 | 572 |
| Chehaw, Al., by rail-road, | 40 | 612 |
| Covington, Ga., by stage, | 155 | 767 |
| Augusta, Ga., by rail-road, | 121 | 888 |
| Charleston, S. C., do | 136 | 1024 |
| Wilmington, N. C., by steamboat, | 220 | 1244 |
| Weldon, N. C., rail-road, | 170 | 1414 |
| Richmond, Va., do | 124 | 1538 |
| Washington City, do | 122 | 1660 |
| Baltimore, Md., do | 40 | 1700 |
| New York, (see route 3.) | 181 | 1881 |
Route 5.—New Orleans to Fort Gibson by steamboat.
| Miles. | ||
| Arkansas river, (see route 1.) | 620 | |
| Arkansas, | 62 | 682 |
| New Gascony, | 71 | 753 |
| Pine Bluff, | 25 | 778 |
| Little Rock, | 150 | 928 |
| Lewisburg, | 66 | 994 |
| Scotia, | 50 | 1044 |
| Morrison's Bluff, | 33 | 1077 |
| Van Buren, | 72 | 1149 |
| Fort Smith, | 8 | 1157 |
| Fort Coffee, Mo., | 10 | 1167 |
| Fort Gibson, | 84 | 1251 |
Route 6.—New Orleans to Balize, and Gulf of Mexico, by Steamboat.
| Miles. | ||
| Battle Ground, | 5 | |
| English Turn, | 6 | 11 |
| Fort St. Leon, | 5 | 16 |
| Poverty Point, | 18 | 34 |
| Grand Prairie, | 27 | 61 |
| Fort St. Philip, | 9 | 70 |
| South West Pass, | 9 | 79 |
| South Pass, | 2 | 81 |
| Pass a' l'Outre, | 2 | 83 |
| Balize, | 4 | 87 |
| Gulf, | 5 | 92 |
Route 7.—New Orleans to the Raft on Red River, by Steamboat.
| Miles. | ||
| Mouth of Red River, | 236 | |
| Black River, | 28 | 264 |
| Bayou Saline, | 20 | 284 |
| Alexandria, | 56 | 340 |
| Regolet de Bondieu, | 18 | 358 |
| Bayou Cane, | 36 | 394 |
| Natchitoches, | 24 | 418 |
| Bastian's Landing, | 40 | 458 |
| The Raft, | 40 | 498 |
Route 8.—New Orleans to Pittsburg, Miss., by Steamboat.
| Miles. | ||
| Mouth of Yazoo River, Miss., | 420 | |
| Satartia, | 66 | 486 |
| Liverpool, | 5 | 491 |
| Manchester, | 25 | 516 |
| Tchula, | 88 | 604 |
| Marion, | 37 | 641 |
| Mouth of Yalo Busha river, | 33 | 674 |
| Cochuma, | 38 | 712 |
| Pittsburg, | 27 | 739 |
Route 9.—New Orleans to Nashville, Tenn., by Steamboat.
| Miles. | ||
| Cumberland river, | 1097 | |
| Eddyville, K., | 56 | 1153 |
| Canton, | 20 | 1173 |
| Dover, Tenn., | 30 | 1203 |
| Palmyra, | 31 | 1234 |
| Red River, | 6 | 1240 |
| Harpeth River, | 20 | 1260 |
| Nashville, | 40 | 1300 |
Route 10.—New Orleans to Florence, Al., by Steamboat.
| Miles. | ||
| Tennessee River, | 1085 | |
| Petersville, Tenn., | 71 | 1156 |
| Reynoldsburg, | 36 | 1192 |
| Perryville, | 42 | 1234 |
| Carrollville, | 27 | 1261 |
| Coffee, | 26 | 1287 |
| Savannah, | 9 | 1296 |
| Waterloo, | 25 | 1321 |
| Bear Creek, | 12 | 1333 |
| Colbert's Ferry, Tenn., | 14 | 1347 |
| Florence, Al., | 24 | 1371 |
GENERAL INDEX
- Academies for Females, [44]
- Algiers, a description of, [194]
- Alligators, killed for their skins, [42]
- American Theatre, erected in 1823, [67]
- description of, [180]
- Amusements, [176]
- Ancient Settlements supposed to have existed, [11]
- Anecdote of an old Frenchman, [68]
- early cotton growing, [47]
- Annunciation Square, [183]
- Church, [100]
- Armories, [149]
- Association, Young Men's Howard, [115]
- Associations for charitable and other purposes, [110]
- Asylums of New Orleans, their excellence, ib.
- Asylum, Catholic Male Orphan, [114]
- Attakapas Prairie, [38]
- Atchafalaya lands, [34]
- Bank of Louisiana, [155]
- Banks' Arcade, [156]
- Bard, Captain, Return of, [16]
- Bar of New Orleans, [79]
- Barracks, the United States, [86]
- Baton Rouge taken, [24]
- Battle Ground, [196]
- Bayou St. John Road, [194]
- Beautiful land bordering the Teche, [33]
- Bellevue Prairie, [40]
- Benevolent Society, Hebrew, [116]
- Best lands, [31]
- Bienville, made governor, [17]
- Biloxi settled by Iberville, [16]
- Board of Health established in 1841, [71]
- Boatmen of the Mississippi, [75]
- Bottom lands, their luxuriance, [30]
- Boundaries of the State of Louisiana, [28]
- Territory of Louisiana, [7]
- Branch Mint of the United States, [88]
- Branch Bank of the United States, established 1805, [66]
- Breed of cattle improving, [56]
- Bricks, why they are not well made, [57]
- Buildings, the public, [86]
- Burr, Aaron, [26]
- Business season, appearance of the levee in the, [81]
- Calcasieu prairie, [40]
- Caldwell, James H., his great enterprise, [67]
- Carmelite Convent, [104]
- Carondelet appointed governor in 1792, [25]
- Casa Blanca, [189]
- Carrolton, [191]
- Casa Calvo succeeds governor Gayosa de Lemor, [26]
- is succeeded by Salado, ib.
- Catholic Cemeteries, [107]
- Cathedral, [92]
- Cattle, improvement in the breed, [56]
- Ceded to the United States, Louisiana, [26]
- Cemetery, Cypress Grove, [105]
- Chapel of the Ursulines, [98]
- Charitable Association, the Samaritan, [114]
- the Firemen's, [115]
- Charitable institutions, [110]
- Charity Hospital, [117]
- Church, Annunciation, [100]
- Circus, the, [180]
- Circus Place, [182]
- Circus street Infirmity, [124]
- City Exchange, (St. Louis,) [157]
- Clay, of a very pure kind, [57]
- Clergy, of New Orleans, [79]
- Climate of Louisiana, [45]
- College of Louisiana, [43]
- Jefferson, ib.
- Franklin, ib.
- Medical, [168]
- Colonial system introduced, [17]
- carried out, [21]
- Colony transferred to France in 1803, [24]
- Colorado ascended by La Salle, [15]
- Comedians first arrived in 1791, [64]
- become teachers, ib.
- Commercial advantages of New Orleans, [81]
- Commercial exchange, [159]
- prosperity commences in 1795, [25]
- Comparative speed of navigating the Mississippi, [80]
- Congregational Church, first, [101]
- Convent of Ursuline nuns, erected in 1730, [61]
- its description, [103]
- Convent, new one erected in 1824, [61]
- its description, [104]
- Coast, the, [31]
- Convent, the Carmelite, [104]
- at Grand Coteau, [44]
- Cotton, when first exported, an anecdote, [47]
- Court-house, [133]
- Creoles their character, [73]
- Crevasse, in 1816, [42]
- in 1844, at Bonne Carre, ib.
- Crozat, Antonio, obtains an exclusive privilege, [17]
- Cuba tobacco seed does well in Louisiana, [54]
- Cultivation of sugar, [21]
- Currency, evil of its depreciation, [19]
- Custom house, description of it, [89]
- Custom House, a new one contemplated, [90]
- Cypress Grove Cemetery, [105]
- Death of Iberville, [17]
- de Soto, [10]
- Delta of the Mississippi, [37]
- Deposit of red river, [34]
- Description of United States Barracks, [86]
- Branch Mint, [88]
- Description of the Custom House, [89]
- Post Office, [90]
- State House, [91]
- Cathedral, [92]
- St. Patrick's Church, [95]
- St. Augustine do, [96]
- Mortuary Chapel, [97]
- Annunciation Church, [100]
- Chapel of the Ursulines, [98]
- Christ Church, [99]
- St. Paul's do, ib.
- First Presbyterian do, [100]
- Second do do, [101]
- Methodist Episcopal do, [102]
- Wesleyan Chapel, [103]
- old Ursuline Convent, ib.
- new do, [104]
- Court-House, [133]
- City Hall, [134]
- St. Charles Exchange, [137]
- Verandah, [141]
- City Exchange, (St. Louis,) [157]
- Discovery of the Mississippi, [7]
- Disputed Territory, [8]
- Division of the city in 1836, [67]
- Don Ulloa driven away, [22]
- Don O'Reilly takes possession, [23]
- Duelling punished by disfranchise, [78]
- Education in Louisiana, [43]
- Elliot, Andrew, [26]
- "English Turn," whence derived, [16]
- Exchange Hotel, (St. Charles,) [137]
- Excursions, [191]
- Extent of the territory of Louisiana, [9]
- Feliciana, West, parish of, [32]
- Female Orphan Asylum, [110]
- Fig trees introduced, [20]
- Fire consumes nine hundred houses in 1778, [62]
- Fire department, [149]
- Firemen's Charitable Association, [115]
- First steamboat arrives at New Orleans, [27]
- First Presbyterian Church, [100]
- Congregational do, [101]
- Florida invaded by Gov. Galvez, in 1779, [24]
- Floating Prairies, a great natural curiosity, [35]
- Flour mill, [151]
- Fort Charlotte taken, [24]
- Fountain of Health, [9]
- Franklin College, [43]
- Infirmary, [124]
- Gas Works, a description of them, [144]
- the city lighted with it in 1834, [70]
- Gayosa de Lemor made governor, [26]
- Gayosa de Lemor succeeded by Casa Calvo, [26]
- German emigrants settle along the coast in 1723, [60]
- supply the city with vegetables, ib.
- Grape vines, where to be cultivated, [55]
- Grazing, the very best lands for it, ib.
- Gretna, [195]
- Gypsum, valuable beds found, [56]
- Health of New Orleans, [77]
- Hebrew Benevolent Society, [116]
- Hemp suited to the higher grounds, [53]
- an immense article of consumption, ib.
- necessary in time of war, [54]
- Hernandez de Soto, first discovery of Louisiana, [7]
- his death, [10]
- Historical Sketch of New Orleans, [58]
- Hospitality of the inhabitants of Opelousas, [40]
- Hospitals, easy access to them, [117]
- the Charity, ib.
- Hotel, Exchange, (St. Charles,) [137]
- Hall of Second Municipality, [127]
- Hurricane devastates New Orleans 1723, [60]
- Hunt's Merchants' Magazine, article, [48]
- Iberville enters the Mississippi, [16]
- establishes the first settlement at Biloxi, ib.
- founds Natchez, [17]
- his death, ib.
- Improvement in New Orleans in 1824, [66]
- Incorporation of New Orleans in 1805, ib.
- Indian massacre of the whites at Natchez, [19]
- Indigo cultivated in 1728, [20]
- cultivation now much neglected, [55]
- Infirmary, Circus street, [124]
- Franklin, ib.
- Inquisition, its establishment frustrated in 1785, [25]
- Iron foundry, [150]
- Jefferson College, [43]
- Jesuits and Ursuline Nuns arrived in 1727, [60]
- expelled by Clement XIII., in 1763, [61]
- their property confiscated, ib.
- their immense wealth, ib.
- curious documents of them in archives of first municipality, ib.
- La Dames de la Providence, [114]
- Lafayette Square, [182]
- Lafourche, Bayou, [32]
- Lakes, inlets, and sounds, [37]
- La Salle descends the Mississippi to the Gulf, [14]
- builds a fort at the mouth of Little Miami, ib.
- sails for France, [15]
- goes into the bay of St. Bernard, ib.
- ascends the Colorado, ib.
- forms a settlement on St. Bernard's bay, ib.
- is murdered by Dehault, ib.
- his character and enterprise, ib.
- Law, John, the Scotch financier, [18]
- Learned professions, divinity, law, and medicine, [79]
- Le Moniteur, first paper published in New Orleans, [25]
- Levee, its extent, [31]
- Literary Association, Young Men's, [167]
- Live oak of Attakapas, its abundance, [33]
- Louisiana, territory of, its discovery, [7]
- its boundaries, ib.
- transferred to Spain, [22]
- retransferred to France in 1803, [26]
- sold to the United States in 1803, ib.
- the State of, admitted to the union in 1812, [27]
- its boundaries, surface and soil, [28]
- its vast prairies, [30]
- its improvement in education, [43]
- College of, ib.
- mutton unsurpassed, [56]
- the climate of, [45]
- State Bank, [153]
- Medical College, [168]
- Luxuriance of the bottom lands, [34]
- Lyceum, Public School, [166]
- the People's, [167]
- Madder described, how cultivated, [51]
- price, duties, and demand for it, ib.
- Maison de Sante, [123]
- Male Orphan Asylum, [113]
- Manufactures, [150]
- Marine Hospital, United States, [125]
- Markets of New Orleans, [135]
- Market, Poydras street, [136]
- the Vegetable, ib.
- the Meat, ib.
- Market, St. Mary's, [137]
- Marquette descends the Mississippi, [13]
- Marshes, extensive near the ocean, [38]
- Masonic Fraternities, [80]
- Massacre at Natchez, [19]
- Meat Market, [136]
- Mechanics' and Traders' Bank, [153]
- Medical Science, [79]
- Medical College of Louisiana, [168]
- Merchants' Exchange, [161]
- Reading Room, ib.
- Meteorological Journal, an abstract from the, [72]
- Methodist Episcopal Church, [102]
- Mexican Gulf Rail-road, [193]
- Military strength of New Orleans in 1792, [64]
- Milne Orphan Asylum, [116]
- Minerals of Louisiana, [56]
- Mint, Branch of the United States, [88]
- Miro succeeds Galvez as governor, [25]
- carries the colonial system into effect, ib.
- Mississippi River discovered by De Soto, [10]
- Moral character of New Orleans, [78]
- Moscoso's Adventures, [10]
- Mulberry trees prolific in Louisiana, [53]
- Municipal Hall, [127]
- Muskeet grass, excellent for cattle, [55]
- Mutton, [56]
- Natchez massacre of the whites, [19]
- tribe defeated, ib.
- founded by Iberville, [17]
- National Hotel, [143]
- Gallery of Paintings, [169]
- Natchitoches tobacco, very superior, [54]
- Nature of the soil of Louisiana, [29]
- New Orleans founded by Bienville in 1718, [59]
- a historical sketch of, [58]
- inundated and abandoned in 1719, [59]
- again occupied in 1722, ib.
- visited by a hurricane in 1723, [60]
- by yellow fever in 1769, [62]
- divided into wards and lighted in 1792, [64]
- fortified by Carondelet, ib.
- its military strength, ib.
- opened to the United States in 1795, [65]
- a port of entry and delivery in 1804, [66]
- incorporated in 1805, ib.
- its extent in 1810, ib.
- its appearance from various points, [69]
- lighted with gas in 1834, [70]
- state of its morals, [78]
- its commercial advantages, [81]
- its anticipated greatness, [84]
- Reading Rooms, [161-2]
- Police, [78]
- travelling routes, [201]
- New Orleans, view of, [58]
- first published in 1794, [25]
- Newspaper Press, [173]
- Olden Time, [184]
- Old Ursuline Convent, [103]
- Opelousas Prairie, [39]
- hospitality of the inhabitants, [40]
- Opposition to founding New Orleans, [59]
- Orange trees introduced, [20]
- destroyed by frost in 1748, ib.
- O'Reilly, the Spanish governor, [23]
- his tyrannical conduct, ib.
- succeeded by Unzoga, [24]
- Orleans Cotton Press, [152]
- Theatre, [176]
- Orphan Asylums, their excellence, [110]
- Paintings, National Gallery of, [169]
- individual collections of, [170]
- Paving of streets first began, [67]
- Pensacola taken by the French, [19]
- People's Lyceum, [167]
- Physic, Law and Divinity, their progress, [79]
- Pine woodlands, [30]
- Place d'Armes, [182]
- Planing Mill, steam, [151]
- Plaquemine, [32]
- Planters' Hotel, [143]
- Ponce de Leon, [9]
- Pontchartrain Rail-road, [192]
- Population in 1732, [20]
- Police of New Orleans, [78]
- Post Office, [90]
- Pottery may be made of Louisiana clay, [57]
- Poydras Female Orphan Asylum, [113]
- street Market, [136]
- Prairies of the State, [30]
- particularly described, ib.
- Prairie, Attakapas, [33], [38]
- Prairie, Calcasieu, [40]
- Prairie, Sabine, [40]
- Press of New Orleans, [173]
- Presbyterian Church, First, [100]
- Second, [101]
- Project of supplying wholesome water, [148]
- Prospects of New Orleans, [82]
- Prosperity of trade in 1810, [66]
- Protestant Cemetery, [108]
- Public buildings, [86]
- Public School system, [163]
- how introduced, ib.
- Public School Lyceum, [166]
- Squares, [181]
- Race Courses, [195]
- Raft in Red River, [36]
- Rail-road, Pontchartrain, [192]
- Reading Room, Merchants', [161]
- New Orleans, [162]
- Red River deposit, its nature, [34]
- raft, [36]
- Residence of Governor Bienville, [189]
- Road of Bayou St. John, [194]
- Rope Walks, [151]
- Sabine Prairies, [40]
- Salvado, last Spanish governor, [26]
- Samaritan Charitable Association, [114]
- Sauville, the Governor, dies, [17]
- Saw Mills, steam, [151]
- School, Convent, [44]
- Sisters of Charity, ib.
- School, Ursuline Nuns', [44]
- Schools, the Public, ib.
- Second Presbyterian Church, [101]
- Lafourche, ib.
- Sheep of Louisiana, very superior, [56]
- Shell Road, [192]
- Silk may be produced in abundance, [53]
- Society in New Orleans, [73]
- Soil of Louisiana, [29]
- State of Louisiana described, [28]
- House, [91]
- State Legislature to be removed, [92]
- Steamboat first arrives from Pittsburgh, [27]
- extent of present navigation, [83]
- Steamboats, early, their trips, [80]
- Saw Mills, ib.
- Steam Planing Mill, [151]
- Streets and sidewalks first paved, [67]
- St. Augustine Church, [96]
- Cemetery, [109]
- St. Patrick's do, [95]
- St. Paul's Church, [99]
- St. Antoine's, or Mortuary Chapel, [97]
- St. Charles Exchange Hotel, [137]
- St. Louis Exchange Hotel, [143]
- St. Mary's Market, [137]
- (St. Louis,) City Exchange, [157]
- St. Charles Theatre, [178]
- St. Lorenzo, treaty of, [25]
- St. Bernard bay occupied by La Salle, [15]
- Sugar introduced by the Jesuits in 1751, [21]
- refinery, [151]
- Sugar lands, [46]
- Suggestion to sugar planters, [46]
- Surface of Louisiana, [29]
- Tax upon chimneys to light New Orleans, [64]
- Teche, excellent lands upon its borders, [33]
- Territory of Louisiana, its boundaries, [7]
- Theatre American 1823, [67]
- "The Coast," its extent and luxuriance, [31]
- Third Municipality Work-house, [133]
- Tobacco Cuba, cultivated, [54]
- from Cuba, fine specimens of seed, ib.
- raised at Natchitoches, ib.
- worm how to prevent it, [55]
- Transfer of Louisiana to Spain, [22]
- Transfer of Louisiana to the United States in 1803, [26]
- Travelling Routes, [201]
- Tyrannical conduct of O'Reilly, [23]
- United States Marine Hospital, [125]
- University of Louisiana, see note, [43]
- Unzoga succeeds O'Reilly as governor, [24]
- succeeded by Galvez, ib.
- Ursuline Convent, the old, [103]
- Ursuline Chapel, [98]
- Vaudreuil marquis de, [20]
- Variety of the population of New Orleans, [73]
- Vegetable Market, [136]
- Verandah, [141]
- View of New Orleans from various points, [69]
- Vine, cultivation of the, [55]
- War between France and Spain, [19]
- Watchmen first established in 1792, [64]
- Water, a project to supply it without charge, [148]
- Water Works, supply water from the Mississippi, [70]
- a description of them, [146]
- Washington Square, [181]
- Wesleyan Chapel, [103]
- Western Company, chartered in 1717, [17]
- fail, in 1732, [20]
- West Feliciana, its excellent soil, [32]
- Wilkinson, Gen., [26]
- Woods, Col. crosses the Mississippi, [13]
- Work-house of the Second Municipality, [130]
- Third do, [133]
- Yellow fever first introduced in 1769, [62]
- Yellow Fever, opinions of its transmissibility, [121]
- No. of cases in Hospital from 1822, to 1844, [120]
- Young Men's, Howard Association, 115 Literary do, [167]
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