INDEX.

A.
Aar, water system of the, [415].
Aarau, peace of, [14].
Aargau admitted, [16].
conquest of, [13].
Academy, military, [238].
Act of mediation, [39].
Administrative law, [90].
Agricultural schools, [289].
Agriculture, [290], [306].
Alliance, Holy, Switzerland in the, [18].
Letter of, [473], [477].
Allmend, [181].
future of, [183].
Alpenglühen, [426].
Alpenstocks, [375].
Alphorn, [340].
Alpine flowers, [371].
hay-making, [326].
Alps, [354].
Alsace-Lorraine, [458].
Altdorf, folkmote in, [155].
Amendments, constitutional, [50], [51].
American and Swiss constitutions compared, [54], [56], [59], [63].
American elections compared with Swiss, [82].
Appeals to federal tribunal, [109].
Appellate courts, [136].
criminal, [112].
Appendix, [473].
Appenzell admitted, [14].
division of, [141].
Inner, councils in, [159].
Outer, folkmote in, [151].
Arbitration, intercantonal, [104].
international, [445].
Armaments, European, [456].
Army, active, [237].
federal, [233].
strength of, [239].
Assembly, federal, [42], [65].
local, [158].
powers of, [71].
Asylum, right of, [466].
Ausser-Rhoden folkmote, [151].
Authorities, federal, [49].
Autonomy, cantonal, [146].
communal, [176], [186].
Avalanches, [366].
B.
Banquet, communal, [183].
Basel admitted, [14].
division of, [141].
inheritance of property in, [218].
Battle of Marignano, [14].
of Morat, [13].
of Morgarten, [11].
of Sempach, [13].
Beef, dried, [345].
Bern, [411].
aristocracy of, [423].
codes in, [216].
joins the league, [13].
life in, [423].
name of, [413].
places of interest in, [420].
surroundings of, [425].
Bills of rights, [57].
Bise, [23].
Boundaries, [20].
Breeds of cattle, [311].
Brunnen, league of, [11].
Bundesbrief, [473], [477].
Bundesgericht, [104].
See Federal Tribunal.
Bundespräsident, [88], [97].
Bundesrath, [85].
See Federal Council.
Bundesstaat defined, [36].
established, [42].
Bundesversammlung, [42], [65].
Bürgergemeinde, [180].
C.
Cæsar and the Helvetians, [9].
Calvin, character of, [30].
Calvinism in Geneva, [29].
Cantonal affairs, federal intervention in, [129].
citizenship, [199].
coinage, [123].
conservatism, [160], [164].
constitutions, [134], [146].
courts, [136].
customs, [160], [164].
differences, [104].
individuality, [144].
institutions, [146].
judges, [136].
land laws, [215].
officials, [141].
revenues, [141].
rights, [60], [146].
sovereignty, [45], [130], [147].
standards, [143].
Cantons and half-cantons, [141].
area and population of, [469].
Catholic, [18], [29].
chief magistracy of, [133].
coercion of, [90].
eight old, [13].
elections in, [131].
entry of, into confederation, [471].
forest, [12], [13].
history of, [123].
legislation in, [131].
present status of, [125].
Protestant, [29].
relations of, to the communes, [188].
representation in, [131].
sovereignty of, [45], [130], [147].
status of, [38].
Capital punishment, [48], [51], [139].
Cassation, courts of, [136].
tribunal of, [112].
Cataracts, [370].
Catholic cantons, [18], [29].
Celtic ancestry, [9].
Census of 1888, [24], [466].
Cereals, [306].
Chalets, [329], [332].
Chamber, criminal, [112].
of accusation, [112].
Chamois, [337].
Chancellery, federal, [49].
Character of the peasants, [351].
Chaux-de-Fonds, altitude of, [25].
Cheese, [315].
Citizenship, [47].
acquirement of, [178], [200].
American, [193].
ancient Swiss, [191].
cantonal, [199].
communal, [177], [187], [193].
defined, [192], [195].
exit from, [203].
history of, [191].
instruction in its duties, [189].
nature of, [202].
renunciation of, [204].
rights and duties of, [127], [134].
state, defined, [196].
Swiss, [198].
Climate, [21].
Codes, cantonal, [215].
Coercion of cantons, [90].
Coinage, old cantonal, [123].
Colonial extension, [457].
Commerce, [299].
Commercial courts, [136].
restrictions, [46].
Common lands, [181].
Communal assembly, [186].
citizenship, [177], [187], [193].
membership, [177].
by purchase, [178].
officers, [186].
paupers, [188].
relations to the cantons, [188].
rights, [177].
schools, [266].
Commune defined, [174], [176].
d’origine, [177].
history of, [175].
origin of, [189].
powers of, [186].
Communes and communities, [135].
area of, [180].
des bourgeois, [180].
des habitants, [180].
double, [180].
local, [150].
national, [150].
population of, [180].
property of, [181], [183].
Composite state, [42].
Concert, European, [456].
Confederation and federation, [37].
Helvetic, [40].
powers of, [45].
reform of, [43].
Congress of Vienna, [40].
Conservatism, cantonal, [160], [164].
in government, [62].
Conservative party, [83].
Constitution, amendments of, [50], [51].
compared with that of the United States, [54], [56], [59], [63].
nature of, [61].
of 1874, [43].
Swiss, [34].
text of, [44].
Constitutions, cantonal, [131], [134], [146].
Convention of 1848, [42].
Convention of Geneva, [433].
Copyright, international, [439].
Corruption, absence of, [81].
Costumes, [349].
Council, blood, [159].
communal, [186].
federal, [76], [85]. See Federal Council.
great, [158], [159].
in Appenzell-interior, [159].
in Unterwald-lower, [159].
national, [65], [66], [68].
of states, [65], [69].
triple, [158].
Councils, greater, [132].
lesser, [133].
Courts, cantonal, [136].
commercial, [136].
district, [136], [137].
federal, [111].
of cassation, [136].
supreme, [137].
See also Federal Tribunal.
Courtship, primitive, [347].
Covenant, original, [12], [473].
Cows, Swiss, [310], [336].
Cretinism, [429].
Criminal courts, [112].
Criminals, extradition of, [130].
Curriculum in schools, [267], [268].
Custom in cantonal business, [160], [164].
D.
Dairy products, [309].
Decapitation, [141].
Defensive preparations, [465].
Democracy, early, [12], [148], [151].
Department, political, [100].
Departments, executive, [97].
governmental, [49].
Dependent classes, [188].
Dialects, Swiss, [24].
Diet, general, [39].
Differences among cantons, [104].
District courts, [136], [137].
Dogs, St. Bernard, [27].
Swiss, [422].
Dried beef, [345].
Duties on imports and exports, [46].
E.
Écoles des recrues, [236].
Edelweiss, [371].
Education, [253]. See Schools.
military, [236], [238].
religious, [260].
scope of, [278].
Eidgenossen, [14].
Eight old cantons, [13].
Einsiedeln, [27].
Einwohnergemeinde, [180].
Elections, [67], [70], [81].
in Ausser-Rhoden, [153].
Engineering feats, [320].
Estate in lands, [210], [211].
European concert, [459].
situation, [450].
Executive department, [49], [85].
departments, [97].
Expatriation, right of, [207].
Exports and imports, [304].
F.
Farms of peasants, [307], [325].
Federal army, [233].
assembly, [42], [49], [65].
powers of, [71].
authorities, [49].
chancellery, [49].
council, [49], [76], [85].
appeals from, to the assembly, [114].
authority of, [91].
business of, [97].
departments of, [97].
duties of, [88], [90], [96].
election of, [71], [93], [101].
eligibility to, [92], [94].
history of, [94].
judicial powers of, [90].
meetings of, [97].
membership of, [87].
personnel of, [102].
powers of, [91].
salaries of, [96].
tenure of members of, [94], [95].
triennial renewal of, [95].
workings of, [101], [103].
pact, [17].
tribunal, [49], [104].
appeals to, [109].
compared with the Supreme Court of the United States, [115].
defects of, in practice, [120].
election to, [106], [114].
history of, [104].
limited powers of, [114], [115].
membership of, [106], [109].
origin of, [104].
powers of, [106], [114], [115].
seat of, [114].
Federalism, growth of, [145].
tendency of, [62].
Federation and Confederation, [37].
Feudal Helvetia, [10].
Feudalism, end of, [211].
Firn, [365].
First inhabitants, [9].
Flora, native, [372].
Föhn, [23].
Folkmote, [149].
of Ausser-Rhoden, [151].
Foreign affairs, [100].
policy, [452].
Forest cantons, [12].
Forestry, [291].
Forests, [372].
Fountains, [417].
France and Germany, [458].
Frankish supremacy, [10].
Freedom of conscience, [47], [54], [56].
of trade, [46].
Freiburg admitted, [13].
Fremden-industrie, [323].
French-speaking Swiss, [24].
supremacy, [15].
Friendly remonstrances, intercantonal, [104].
Funeral customs, [349].
G.
Gauls, early, [9].
Gemeinde-trinket, [183].
General diet, [39].
Geneva admitted, [17].
and its lake, [378].
Calvin in, [29].
code Napoleon in, [220].
convention, [433].
Geography of Switzerland, [19].
German cantons, testamentary powers in, [220].
empire, relations to, [14].
-speaking Swiss, [24].
Germany and France, [458].
Glaciers, [359].
Glarus and Uri, boundary between, [143].
constitution of, [157].
joins the league, [13].
landsgemeinde in, [157].
Goitre, [428].
Government, coördinate branches of, [122].
principles of, [61].
Grass crops, [315].
Great council, [158].
powers, the, [455], [459].
Grisons admitted, [16].
Guides, [374].
Guilds, history of, [178].
Gymnasia, [267].
H.
Half-cantons, [141].
Handelsgerichte, [136].
Hapsburg protection, [11].
Hay-making in the Alps, [326].
Health resorts, [375].
Helvetians, ancient, [9], [10].
Helvetic confederation, [40].
republic, [15].
union, origin of, [12].
Herdsman’s life, [337].
History of constitutions, [38].
Holy Alliance, Switzerland in the, [18].
Homeless persons, [49].
Hospice of St. Bernard, [26].
Houses, legislative, [65], [69], [73].
I.
Ideals, national, [410].
Independence of cantons, [38].
Individual rights, [57].
Individuality, cantonal, [144].
Industrial schools, [277].
Industry, [299].
Influence on European affairs, [453].
Inheritance of property, [209].
Initiative, popular, [171], [173].
Inquest, judges of, [112].
Intercantonal affairs, [125].
judicial relations, [138].
International arbitration, [445].
copyright, [437].
labor congress, [448].
law, [448].
unions, [430].
Introduction, [9].
Isotherms, [22].
Italian element, [25].
J.
Jesuits expelled, [31], [48].
Judges, cantonal, [136].
federal, [109].
of inquest, [112].
their relations to juries, [138].
Judicial department, [49]. See Federal Tribunal.
powers, limitations of, [121].
torture, [140].
Judiciary, cantonal, [136].
Juf, altitude of, [25].
Juries in cantonal courts, [138].
Jury, functions of, [138].
in federal assizes, [112].
Justice, [136]. See Courts.
K.
Kuhreihen, [340].
L.
Labor congress, international, [448].
Ladin, [345].
Lake-dwellers, prehistoric, [315].
Lakes, [378].
Land laws, [209], [212].
cantonal, [215].
Land, ownership of, [209].
by peasants, [222].
communal, [181].
subdivision of, [222].
Landammann, re-election of, [160].
Landammann’s oath, [154].
Landrath, [157].
Lands in common, [181].
Landsgemeinde, [70], [148], [149], [152].
at Altdorf, in Uri, [155].
at Trogen, [151].
functions of, [157].
history of, [148].
in Glarus, [157].
Landsturm and Landwehr, [237], [239].
Languages, census of, [470].
spoken, [24].
Lausanne, the seat of the federal tribunal, [114].
Law, administrative, [90].
international, [448].
Laws, cantonal, [130].
summarized, [135].
Leases of land, [213], [216].
Legislation, federal, [48], [52].
harmonization of, [131].
initiation of, [73], [76], [89].
Legislative bodies, personnel of, [79].
sessions of, [78].
department, [49].
houses, [65], [69], [73].
tyranny, [58].
Legislators, oath of, [79].
Legislatures, cantonal, [131], [132].
Legitima portio, [221].
Letter of alliance, [473], [477].
Lion of Luzern, [230].
Liquor traffic, regulation of, [52].
Literary property, protection of, [437].
Local assembly, [158].
Localism and nationalism, [60].
Love of country, [33].
Lunéville, treaty of, [16].
Luzern, becomes a canton, [12].
lake of, [381].
M.
Manufactures, [302].
Marignano, battle of, [14].
Marriage customs in Ticino, [346].
laws, [53].
Material progress, [387].
Mediæval nobles, [10].
Mediation, act of, [39].
Mediatorsbip of Napoleon, [16].
Meinrad, St., [27], [28].
Mer de Glace, [364].
Metric standards, [470].
Militarism, dangers of, [460].
Military education, [236], [238].
service, [226], [233], [236].
status, Swiss, [464].
tax, [243].
topography, [451].
Militia, [237], [239], [249].
Mineral springs, [375].
Money, [469].
old cantonal, [123].
Monks of St. Bernard, [26].
Moraines, [365].
Morat, battle of, [13].
Morgarten, battle of, [11].
Mountaineering, [373].
Mountains, [20], [354].
their effect on character, [32].
Mythenstein, [398].
N.
Name of Switzerland, [19].
Napoleon’s influence in Switzerland, [16], [39].
Napoleon’s mediatorship, [16].
National communes, [150].
Council, [65], [66], [68].
languages, [49].
Nationalism and localism, [60].
growth of, [145].
Nationalities of Switzerland, [24].
Natural beauties, [353].
features of the country, [20].
Naturalization, [200].
defined, [207].
in the United States, [204], [208].
Neuchâtel admitted, [17].
history of, [17].
Névé, [364].
Nobles, mediæval, [10].
Normal schools, [265].
O.
Oath of landammann, Appenzell, [154].
nature of, [154].
Obergericht, [136].
Office, tenure of, [80].
Officers, military, [241].
Officials, cantonal, [141].
Old cantons, [12], [13].
Catholic party, [31].
Original inhabitants, [9].
pact, [12], [473], [477].
Orography of the country, [20], [21], [354].
Ownership of common lands, [181].
P.
Pact, federal, [17].
original, [12], [473].
Parliaments, peasant, [151].
Parties, political, [83].
Pastoral life, [335].
Pastures, Alpine, [313].
Patois, [345].
Patriotism, [32], [33].
Pauperism, [188].
Pay of soldiers, [241].
Peace of Aarau, [14].
Peasant home and life, [324], [344].
Peasant parliaments, [151].
proprietorship, [222].
Pensions, [242].
People, character of, [31].
patriotism of, [32], [33].
Personal rights, [57].
Pestalozzi, educational work of, [255].
Petite culture, [325].
Physical geography, [20].
Policy, foreign, [452].
Political department, [100].
parties, [83].
Polytechnic school, [270].
Popular initiative, [171], [173].
sovereignty, [168], [174].
vote. See Referendum.
Population, [469].
Postal union, [435].
Powers, the great, [455], [459].
Prehistoric remains, [383].
Presidency, American, compared with the Swiss executive, [86].
President of confederation, [88], [97].
Presidents of legislative bodies, [66], [67], [69], [71], [73].
Principles of government, [61].
Procureur-général, [112].
Progressive spirit, [387].
Property, communal, [181], [183].
Propitiator, [137].
Proprietorship in lands, [211].
Protection of literary property, [437].
Protestant and Catholic parties, [18].
cantons, [29].
Reformation, [28].
Provisions, temporary constitutional, [50].
Prussian supremacy in Neuchâtel, [17].
Public life, training for, [95].
Punishment in schools, [262].
Punishments, [48].
unusual, [170].
R.
Rack for prisoners, [139].
Radical party, [83].
Railways, [317].
Ranz des Vaches, [340].
Rath, [157].
Realschulen, [293], [295].
Red cross flag, [433].
Referendum, [74], [77].
benefits of, [169].
cantonal, [172].
compulsory, [172].
defined, [164].
functions of, [165].
history of, [171].
nature of, [50], [56].
optional, [172].
principle of, [171].
veto by, [167], [169].
Reform, federal, [19].
Reformation, [28].
Religion in schools, [260].
Religious controversies, [18].
differences, [25].
freedom, [47], [54], [56].
statistics, [470].
Remonstrances, friendly, [104].
Representation, [68].
in cantons, [131].
Republic, Helvetic, [15].
Rhetians, [9].
Rhone, the, [379].
Right of asylum, [466].
Rights, cantonal, [146].
communal, [177].
Rigi, [382].
Rivers of Switzerland, [20].
Roads, [323].
Romansch language, [345].
Rütli, story of, [393].
S.
St. Bernard, monks of, [26].
St. Gallen admitted, [16].
inheritance of property in, [218].
St. Gothard tunnel, [318].
Salvation army, [55].
Scenery, [353], [384].
Schaffhausen admitted, [14].
School-houses, [262].
Schools, [253].
agricultural, [289].
communal, [266].
grades in, [267].
industrial, [277].
art, [286].
manual training in, [282], [296].
military, [238].
normal, [265].
punishment in, [262].
religion in, [260].
straw-platting, [287].
technical, [277].
trade, [285], [288].
Schützenfest, [249].
Schwyz, an original canton, [12].
Scrutin de liste, [68].
des arrondissements, [68].
Sempach, battle of, [13].
Shepherd’s life, [337].
Silk industry, [302].
Situation, the European, [450].
Small nationalities, character of, [453].
Soldiers, pay of, [241].
Solothurn admitted, [13].
Sonderbund, [18].
Sorcery, execution for, [139].
Sovereignty, cantonal, [45], [147].
popular, [168], [174].
Staatenbund defined, [36].
Standards, cantonal, [143].
Ständerath, [65], [69].
Stantz, treaty of, [13].
State, the composite, [42].
States, council of, [65], [69].
-attorney, [112].
Statistics, [469].
Statutory enactments, [52].
Staubbach, [370].
Suabian war, [14].
Supreme Court of the United States compared with the Swiss federal tribunal, [115-122].
Swineherds, [339].
Swiss foreign influence, [452].
mercenaries, [257].
valor, [230], [251].
T.
Tagsatzung, [40].
Tagwen in Glarus, [158].
Tax, military, [243].
Technical schools, [277].
Telegraph union, international, [435].
Tell, William, [391].
the national hero, [407].
Tell’s story, legends parallel to, [401].
Temporary constitutional provisions, [50].
Tenant, rights and responsibilities of, [213].
Testamentary powers, [209].
Thirty Years’ War, [14].
Thurgau admitted, [16].
Ticino admitted, [16].
marriage customs in, [346].
Topography, military, [451].
Torture, judicial, [140].
Tourmentes, [385].
Tours de scrutin, [68].
Training of officials, [95].
Treaty of Lunéville, [16].
of Stantz, [13].
Trial by jury, [138]. See also Jury.
Tribunal, federal, [104]. See Federal Tribunal.
Triple council, [158].
Trogen, folkmote at, [151].
Troops, cantonal, [234].
federal, [233].
Tyranny of legislatures, [58].
U.
Union, postal, [435].
telegraph, [435].
Unions, international, [430].
Universities, [269].
Unterwalden, division of, [141].
Uri, an original canton, [12].
and Glarus boundary, [143].
folkmote in, [155].
V.
Valais admitted, [17].
peasantry, [350].
Vaud admitted, [16].
land laws in, [217].
Veto, popular, [167], [169].
Vice-President, [66].
succession of, to the Presidency, [100].
Vienna, Congress of, [40].
Vierwaldstätten, [13].
Vineyards, [307].
Vorort, [37], [41].
Vote, popular. See Referendum.
W.
Waldstätten, [12].
War, Suabian, [14].
Thirty Years’, [14].
Watchmaking, [303].
Waterfalls, [370].
Wedding customs, [370].
Weights, [469].
Winds, [23].
Winkelried, story of, [404].
Witch-burning, [139].
Witenagemote, [149].
Woman’s lot, [343].
Women, courage of, [251].
Y.
Yodel, [341].
Z.
Zug joins the league, [13].
Zurich joins the league, [13].
testamentary powers in, [219].
Zwingli, [28].

THE END.