A Guide to the Exhibition of English Medals

by British Museum. Department of Coins and Medals; Herbert A. Grueber

ANNE. 1702—1714.

418. Accession, 1702. Obv. Bust of Queen l., crowned, draped, wearing collar of Garter and George. ANNA DEI GRATIA MAG. BRITAN. FRA. &c. Rev. Statue of Anne as Pallas, armed with spear and shield. NOVÆ PALLADIVM TROIÆ. Silver. Size 2·7. By J. Croker.

Anne succeeded to the throne 8 March, 1702. This medal refers to the promise made by Anne to the States General, that she would assist Holland in resisting the encroachments of France.

419—420. Another. Obv. Bust of Queen l., crowned and draped. ANNA D. G. MAG. BR. FR. &c. Rev. Heart crowned, within branches of laurel and oak, resting on pedestal inscribed, ATAVIS REGIBVS: ENTIRELY ENGLISH. Gold and silver. Size 1·35. By J. Boskam.

On receiving an address of congratulation from both Houses, Anne declared that she would prosecute the measures concerted by the late King.

421. Prince George of Denmark. Obv. Bust r., in armour and cloak. GEO. DAN. PR. M. ADM. ET DVX SVP. ANGLIAE; in ex., NAT. 21. APRIL. 1655. DENAT. 8. NOVEMB. 1708; on arm, RÖG. Rev. CELSISSIMUS PRINCEPS GEORGIUS, MAGNI REGIS FILIUS, &c. Silver. Size 1·9. By M. Rög.

Prince George of Denmark, consort of Anne, born 1655, died 1708, was on the accession of Anne made Commander-in-chief of the army and Lord High Admiral. This medal was executed in Denmark by Michael Rög, who worked at Copenhagen till 1715, about which time he went to Paris, where he earned considerable reputation as a medallist.

422. Coronation, 1702. Obv. Bust of Queen l., draped. ANNA D. G. MAG. BR. FR. &c. Rev. Pallas r., hurling thunderbolt at two-headed monster, armed with clubs and stones. VICEM GERIT ILLA TONANTIS; in ex., INAVGVRAT. XXIII. AP. MDCCII. Gold. Size 1·35. By J. Boskam.

Anne was crowned 23 Apr. 1702. This medal was struck for distribution to those present at the coronation.

423. War of the Spanish Succession: Capitulations of towns On the Meuse, &c., 1702. Obv. Bust of Queen l., crowned and draped. ANNA DEI GRA. MAG. BR. FRA. &c. Rev. Liège bombarded. VIRES ANIMVMQVE MINISTRAT; in ex., CAPTIS COLONIA TRAJANA, VENLOA, RVREMVNDA, STEPHANOVERDA, LEODIO. MDCCII. Silver. Size 1·45. By J. Boskam.

At the opening of the campaign in 1702, Marlborough in a very short time captured Kaiserwerth, Venloo, Ruremonde, Stevenswart, and Liège.

424. Expedition to Vigo Bay, 1702. Obv. Neptune in sea-chariot r., and Victory holding scroll inscribed with names and list of French and Spanish ships taken or destroyed; below, three sea-genii, with shields of England, Germany, and Holland. HIS MILITAT AETHER; in ex., OB CLASSEM HOSTIVM DELEDAM (sic) GAZASQVE INDICAS EREPTAS IN PORTV AD VIGOS. D. 22. OCT. CIϽIϽCCII. G. F. N.; and on car, G. H. Rev. Vigo harbour; within, French and Spanish fleets; outside, those of England and Holland; on land, troops and fortifications. ET CONIVRATI VENIVNT AD CLASSICA VENTI. Silver. Size 1·85. By G. Hautsch and G. F. Nürnberger.[25]

On 22 Oct. 1702 the combined English and Dutch fleets, under Sir George Rooke, with 12,000 troops, commanded by the Duke of Ormond, attacked and destroyed the French and Spanish fleets in Vigo Bay, capturing a large booty.

Gold and silver coins struck from bullion taken in the engagement bear under the bust of the Queen the inscription VIGO.

425. Another. Obv. Bust of Queen l., draped. ANNA D. G. MAG. BR. FR. &c. I. Boskam F. Rev. French and Spanish fleets within harbour, attacked by those of England and Holland. GALL. HISP. Q. CLASS. EXPUG. COMB. CAPT.; in ex., BRIT. BATAV. Q. EXPEO. (sic) AD VIGOS. MDCCII. Silver. Size 1·7. By J. Boskam.

The previous medal represents the position of the belligerents before the battle, this one during the engagement.

426. Capitulation of Bonn, 1703. Obv. Same. Rev. Bonn besieged; Marlborough in foreground on horseback l., commanding. BONA A MALIS EREPTA; in ex., COCIALIBUS (sic) ARMIS IDIB. MAII. MDCCIII. Silver. Size 1·7. By J. Boskam.

Bonn surrendered to Marlborough on the 14 May, 1703, after a siege of less than a fortnight.

427. Another: Baron de Cohorn, 1703. Obv. Bust of Cohorn, three quarters r., in armour. MENNO BARO DE COEHOORN SVMMVS APVD BATAVOS ARMORVM PRÆFECTVS, &c.; on arm, H. Rev. View of Bonn besieged. siC Igne DoMata feroCI (chronogrammatic); in ex., UT TONUS EVERTIT TUBARUM MOENIA QUONDAM, SICQ. TONANS COEHORN, MOENIA, BONNA TUA. G. F. N.; on edge, E MALA BONNA DIU, SIC BONA FACTA BREVI. Silver. Size 1·85. By G. Hautsch and G. F. Nürnberger.

Baron Menno de Cohorn, the celebrated engineer, commanded the Dutch troops at the siege of Bonn, and superintended the operations of the attack. Died 1704.

428. Capture of Gibraltar, 1704. Obv. Bust of Queen l., draped. ANNA D. G. MAG. BRI. FRA. &c. I. C. Rev. Neptune in sea-chariot l., presenting trident with crown, and mural crown to Britannia on rock. VICTORIÆ NAVALES; in ex., CALPE EXPVG. ET GALL. VICT. MDCCIV. Gold. Size 1·55. By J. Croker.

Sir George Rooke and the Prince of Hesse, with a small force of sailors and marines, captured Gibraltar 3 Aug. 1704.

429. Another. Obv. Bust of Queen l., draped. ANNA D. G. MAG. BR. FR. &c. P. H. M. Rev. Neptune stepping l. from shell, presenting shell and trident to Britannia, seated on arms, holding Victory; above, Victory, with wreaths; on r., inscribed trophy. MARIS IMPERIVM ASSERT. PORTV GIBRALTAR CAPTO CLASSE GALL. FVGATA; in ex., VIRTVS ANGLORVM VICTRIX PERPETVA. 1704. Edge inscribed. Silver. Size 1·75. By P. H. Müller.

Sir G. Rooke was under the impression that the French fleet had sought safety in flight; such was not the case, as the Count de Toulouse, who commanded the Brest fleet, in proceeding to Toulon had actually passed the English fleet, the circumstance being unknown to both Admirals. One of Kleinert and Lauffer's series of medals. (See No. [343].)

430. Victory of Blenheim, 1704. Obv. Bust of Queen l.; same as No. [425]. Rev. View of battle-field, Marlborough on horseback r., commanding. DE GALL. ET BAV. ITERVM AD DANVB. MARLB. DVCE; in ex., DELETO HOST. ING. EXERC. MDCCIIII. Silver. Size 1·7. By J. Boskam.

The battle of Blenheim was fought 13 Aug. 1704. The Allies were commanded by Marlborough and Prince Eugene, and the French and Bavarians by Marshals Tallard and Marsin, and the Elector.

431. Another. Obv. Busts of Prince Eugene and Marlborough in armour, face to face. EUGENIUS D. SABAUDIAE. IOH. D. MARLEBOROW; beneath, HIC POLLUX, HIC CASTOR ADEST, &c. Rev. Battle-scene; in foreground, Eugene and Marlborough driving enemy into the Danube, DONAV, and Marshal Tallard giving up his sword; above, Fame with two trumpets. PIACULA TEMERITATIS GALLICAE; in ex., inscr. giving date of battle, XIII. AUG. MDCCIIII, &c. Silver. Size 2·2. Executed in Holland.

432. Duke of Marlborough, 1706. Obv. Bust towards r., head facing, wearing armour and collar of Garter and George. IOH. D. G. S. R. I. PR. D. MARL. EXERC. ANGL. C. G. Rev. Soldier running l., bearing captured arms and shields of Brabant, Flanders, and the Marquisate of the Empire; around, prostrate foes. PRETIVM NON VILE LABORVM; in ex., GALLIS ACIE DEVICTIS BRABANTIA FLANDR. ET ANTWERP. XV. DIER. SP. EREPT. 1706; on edge, MARTE FEROX ET VINCI NESCIVS ARMIS. VIRG. (Ovid. II. Ep. ex P. ix. 45.) Silver. Size 1·45.

John Churchill, Duke of Marlborough, the celebrated general, born 1650, created Earl 1689, Duke 1702, died 1722. This medal was struck in 1706, after the conquest of Brabant and of Spanish Flanders, and after the capture of Antwerp. It is placed out of chronological order, being selected for the portrait of Marlborough.

433. Prince Eugene of Savoy, 1704. Obv. Bust r., in armour and collar of Golden Fleece. EVGENIVS FRANC. DVX SAB. CÆS. EXER. GENER. COMM. Rev. Angel with flaming sword destroying the army of Sennacherib. GENII VIRTVTE BONI. II. REG. 19; in ex., GALLIS BAVARISQ. CÆSIS TALLARDO CUM X. MILI. AD HOCHSTAD CAPT. 1704; edge inscribed. Silver. Size 1·45.

Francis Eugene, Duke of Savoy, the distinguished general, born 1663, died 1736; commanded with Marlborough in the war of the Spanish Succession. This medal was struck after the victory of Blenheim, 1704.

434. Naval engagement off Malaga, 1704. Obv. Head of Toulouse r. LOUIS ALEXANDRE DE BOURBON COMTE DE TOULOUSE AMIRAL DE FRANCE, GAYRARD F. Rev. Victory in galley l., inscribing shield attached to mast; at her feet, arms and flags. BRITANNIS BATAVIS QUE DEVICTIS; in ex., XXIV. AOUST. MDCCIV. DE PUYMAURIN D. GAYRARD F. Copper. Size 2·65. By De Puymaurin and R. Gayrard.

After the capture of Gibraltar, Sir G. Rooke proceeded to the coast of Malaga, where he attacked, 14 Aug. 1704 (old style), the French fleet under the command of the Count de Toulouse. On the third day the French retired, the affair ending in a drawn battle; the French, however, claimed a victory. The Count de Toulouse was a natural son of Louis XIV., b. 1678, d. 1737. This is probably a centenary medal.

435—436. Queen Anne's Bounty, 1704. Obv. Bust of Queen l., laur. and draped. ANNA D. G. MAG. BRI. FR. &c. I. C. Rev. Anne seated r., on throne, presenting charter to bishops kneeling. PIETAS AVGVSTÆ; in ex., PRIMITIIS ET DECIMIS ECCLESIÆ CONCESSIS. MDCCIV. Gold and silver. Size 1·7. By J. Croker.

By letters patent, 3 Nov. 1703, Anne restored to the Church such portion of the "First Fruits" and "Tenths" of the larger benefices as still formed part of the revenues of the Crown. A Bill was subsequently passed, authorizing this alienation of the royal revenue, and empowering the Queen to create a corporation, in which she could invest the fund for the augmentation of poor livings and for the erection of parsonage-houses.

437. War of the Spanish Succession: Projects of Peace, 1705. Obv. Three short pillars encircled by chain and surmounted by wreath, mural crown, and naval crown, and inscribed with the victories of the Allies during 1704; below, ANNVS MDCCIV; around, GERMANIS ANGLIS BATAVIS FELICISSM. ? GALLIS HISPANIS BAVARIS INFELICISS. Rev. LVDOVICO MAGNO QVI BAVARIS DEBELLATIS, &c. PACEM EXPECTAT PETIT. ANNO MDCCV. Silver. Size 2. Dutch.

The armies of France and her allies having suffered many severe defeats during 1704, Louis XIV. early in 1705 made proposals of peace, to be submitted by Switzerland to the Allies. The attempt was unsuccessful on account of the jealousy existing between the Protestant and Catholic cantons.

438. French lines forced at Neerhespen, &c., 1705. Obv. Bust of Queen l.; same as No. [425]. Rev. The French lines at Neerhespen attacked by the Allies; in foreground, Marlborough on horseback l., commanding. FORTES FORTVNA IVVAT. (Virg. Aen. x. 284); in ex., FOSSIS FALLISQ. (sic) HOST. SVPERATIS IN BR. ET FL. CIϽIϽCV. Silver. Size 1·7. By J. Boskam.

This medal commemorates the forcing of the French lines at Neerhespen, by Marlborough, 17 July, 1705, and those at Fort St. Philip, in Flanders, by Baron Spar, 4 Aug. 1705.

439. Capitulation of Barcelona, 1705. Obv. Bust of Charles III. of Spain r., laur., in armour and cloak, and collar of "Golden Fleece." CAROLVS III. D. G. HISPANIARVM REX. Rev. Barcelona bombarded by sea and land. MAGNORVM HAEC PORTA LABORVM; in ex., BARCINO CAPTA PRID. EID. OCT. CIϽIϽCCV. I. B. F. Silver. Size 1·7. By J. Boskam.

The Earl of Peterborough uniting his fleet with a Dutch squadron under Allemonde, and accompanied by the Archduke Charles, took the fortresses of Lerida and Tortosa and forced Barcelona to capitulate. In consequence of this victory, the whole of Valencia and Catalonia declared for the Archduke, who took the title of Charles III.

440. Battle of Ramillies, 1706. Obv. Bust of Queen l., draped. ANNA D. G. MAG. BR. FRA. &c. CROKER. Rev. Two Fames holding map of Low Countries. GALLIS AD RAMELLIES VICTIS. XII. MAII. MDCCVI; in ex., FLANDR. ET BRABANT. RECEPT. Silver. Size 1·3. By J. Croker.

In this battle the Allies, commanded by Marlborough, routed the French and Bavarians under Villeroy and the Elector. This victory resulted in the conquest of Brabant and nearly the whole of Spanish Flanders.

441. Flight of Philip V. from Madrid, and Conquest of Brabant, 1706. Obv. Philip on horseback l., dropping his crown and flying before Genius, who covers sun with shield of Austria; distant view of Barcelona. SOLIS ECLIPSIS. D. 12. MAI.; in ex., BARCELLONA OBSIDIONE LIBERATA PHILIPPO ANDEGAV. EX HISP. FVGATO. Rev. Marlborough on horseback galloping towards r., over fallen enemies; cities, as women, surrendering keys. VICTORIARVM IMPETVS; in ex., inscription recording the conquest of Brabant and Flanders by Marlborough, MDCCVI; on edge, SIC SOL CRESCENTES DECEDENS DVPLICAT VMBRAS. VIRG. (F. K.) (Cf. Virg. Ec. ii. 67.) Silver. Size 1·75.

Philip V. having raised the siege of Barcelona returned to Madrid, 11 May, 1706; but fearing the approach of the Earl of Galway and the Archduke Charles, he quitted the city on the following day. The reverse refers to the victories of Marlborough in Brabant and Flanders. One of the series of medals issued by Kleinert and Lauffer at Nuremberg. (See No. [343].)

442. Victories of the Allies in Spain and the Low Countries, 1706. Obv. Segment of a globe, inscribed EUROPÆ; above, clouds concealing sun (emblem of Louis XIV.). SIC OBSCURATUR GLORIA MAGNI REGIS. MDCCVI. Rev. Attached to trophy of flags, medallion of Charles III., surrounded by three others murally crowned, with views of bombardment of Barcelona XII. MAY, battle of Ramillies XIIII. MAY, and entry into Madrid XXVI. IVNY. DOMINUMQUE IN REGNA TULERE. Silver. Size 1·7. By J. Smeltzing.

The Earl of Galway, who commanded the allied forces in Portugal, advanced into Spain, and after capturing Alcantara, Ciudad Rodrigo, and Salamanca, entered Madrid in triumph, 26 June, 1706, and proclaimed the Archduke Charles king. This medal refers also to the raising of the siege of Barcelona and the battle of Ramillies.

443. Victories of Anne over Louis XIV., 1706. Obv. Anne as Pallas overwhelming Louis XIV. in dress of ancient warrior. LVDOVICVS MAGNVS ANNA MAIOR. Rev. Abimelech struck by millstone at the siege of Thebez. PERCVTE ME NE DICATVR QVOD A FEMINA INTERFECTVS SIM. IVDIC. C. 9.; on edge, DOMINVS TRADIDIT EVM IN MANVS FŒMINÆ. IVDITH XVI. C. Silver. Size 1·65. Dutch.

The fate of Louis is here likened to that of Abimelech (Judges ix. 50—52).

444—445. Union of England and Scotland, 1707. Obv. Bust of Queen l., crowned, draped, wearing collar of Garter and George. ANNA D. G. MAG. BRI. FR. ET HIB. REG. I. C. Rev. Royal shield crowned, between palm and olive branches and resting on pedestal with royal monogram; on either side, supporters, lion and unicorn, with shields of Scotland and England; below, two sceptres crossed and collar of Garter. MAII I. MDCCVII. Gold and silver. Size 1·8. By J. Croker.

The Act of Union between England and Scotland received the royal assent 6 March, 1707, and came into operation on 1 May following.

446. Another: Union celebrated at Leipsic, 1707. Obv. Bust of Queen l., draped and crowned. ANNA D. G. MAG. ET UNITÆ BRITA. FRA. &c. C. W. Rev. Britannia and Scotia, holding between them two wreaths crossed; distant view of Leipsic. ET EXTERIS ETIAM GRATA; in ex., IN ACTVM LIPSIENSEM D. 26 IVLII ANNO MDCCVII. 6 AVGVST. IN HONOREM MAGNÆ UNIONIS AC CELEBRATION. D. NOMINALIS ANNAE M. B. R. HABITVM. CVRARE FECIT C. WERMUTH; on edge, QVAE BELLO PACEQVE MAIOR. Silver. Size 1·7. By C. Wermuth.[26]

The Act of Union between England and Scotland was celebrated with much festivity at Leipsic on the 26th July, which day was also the feast of St. Anne.

447. War of the Spanish Succession: Battle of Almanza, 1707. Obv. Head of Louis XIV. r. LUDOVICUS MAGNUS REX CHRISTIANISSIMUS. T. B. (monogram). Rev. Spain seated r., holding shield of France; around her, arms. ADSERTUM PHILIPPO V. HISPANIARUM IMPERIUM; in ex., HOSTIBUS AD ALMANZAM CÆSIS. XXV. APRIL. MDCCVII. Copper. Size 1·6. By Thomas Bernard.

At the battle of Almanza, 25 April, 1707, the English and Portuguese, under the Earl of Galway and Las Minas, were routed by the French and Spaniards under the Duke of Berwick, and Aragon was again reduced under the authority of Philip V. This medal is one of the historical series of Louis XIV.

448. Capitulation of Lerida, 1707. Obv. Similar: no engraver's initials. Rev. Soldier with French flag l., scaling rock, from which falls woman, who clings to broken pillar. NOVA GLORIA; in ex., ILERDA EXPUGNATA. XI. NOV. MDCCVII. D. V. Copper. Size 1·6. By J. Du Vivier.[27]

The defeat of the Allies at Almanza was followed by the capture of Lerida. The town was taken on 12 Oct. 1707, and the castle on 11 Nov. following. This medal is of the same series as the previous one.

449. Swedish troops withdrawn from Silesia, &c., 1707. Obv. Busts, face to face, of Anne crowned, and Charles XII. of Sweden, in armour and cloak; on their arms, C. W. ANNA D. G. M. BRIT. REGINA. CAROL. XII. D. G. REX SVEC.; below, IN SPONSION. PACIF. RELIG. SILES. Rev. Religion and Justice seated, holding hands; distant views of towns of M'BERG. (Munsterberg), WOHLAU, BRESLAU, BRIEG, and LIGNITZ; above, SILESIA, and three r. hands from clouds, joined; around, TRES REGVM SCHLESIAM DECORANT DVM LVMINE DEXTRAE IVNGERE QVIS DVBITET IVSQVE FIDEMQVE MANVS; in ex., FELICITER PERACT. AO. MDCCVIII. Silver. Size 1·7. By C. Wermuth.

The alarm caused by the defeat at Almanza was increased by the appearance of Charles XII. of Sweden on the borders of the Empire with a large army, which it was apprehended he would use in support of France. Through the diplomacy of Marlborough, Charles was induced to withdraw his troops from Silesia and to turn his forces against Russia, but not before he had obtained from the Emperor a promise of a free exercise of religion to the Protestants in Silesia. This medal was not issued till the following year.

450. Attempted invasion of Scotland by the Elder Pretender, 1708. Obv. Bust of Queen l., draped. ANNA D. G. MAG. BR. FR. &c. H. Rev. French fleet chased by that of England off the coast of Scotland. FVGERE NON FALLERE TRIVMPHVS; in ex., GALLORVM CONATVS IN SCOTIAM ANNAE M. VIGILANTIA. ELVSI. CIϽIϽCCIIX; on edge, SIC PVERI NASVM RHINOCEROTIS HABENT. (Cf. Mart. i. 4.) Silver. Size 1·55. By G. Hautsch.

The Elder Pretender, having made a descent upon the coast of Scotland with a small squadron of frigates and transports carrying a force of 5000 men, was compelled to beat a hasty retreat without effecting a landing, being intercepted off the coast near Montrose by an English fleet under Sir George Byng. The Pretender left Dunkirk 6 March, 1708, and returned to that place 7 April following.

451. Another. Obv. Bust of Queen l., draped. ANNA D. G. MAG. BRI. FRA. &c. I. C. Rev. Britannia, armed with spear and shield, defending Scotland, kneeling at her feet; French fleet retreating. CLASSE GAL. FVG.; in ex., AD FRETVM EDENBVRG. XIV. MARTII. MDCCVIII. Silver. Size 1·65. By J. Croker.

452. Another. Obv. Bust of Queen l., laur. and draped. ANNA D. G. MAGN. BRIT. FRANC. &c. S. Rev. Rose and thistle intertwined around sceptre surmounted by eye; in the distance, prisoners led to the Tower and ships in river; above one, SALISBURI. QUIS NOS IMPUNE LACESSET UNITAS; in ex., IRRITO SPURII IACOBI REDITU IN SCOTOS, CLASSE GALLICA EXTERNATA. MDCCVIII. Silver. Size 1·85. By M. Smeltzing.

In the expedition the Pretender lost one ship, the Salisbury, which Admiral Byng captured after a sharp chase. Among those on board this ship were Lord Griffin and the two sons of Lord Middleton, who were conveyed to the Tower.

453. Another. Obv. Bust of Queen l., laur. and draped. ANNA D. G. MAG. BR. FRA. &c. M. B. (monogram). Rev. Ass r., about to devour thistle, driven back by smell of rose held by woman. INIMICVS ODOR APPETITV FORTIOR; in ex., GALLI SCOTIAM AGGRESSVRI SOLO ANGLORVM ASPECTV FVGANTVR. 1708; on edge, IN FELIX OPERAM PERDAS, VT SI QVIS ASELLVM IN CAMPVM DOCEAT. HOR. SERM. L. I. Silver. Size 1·65. By M. Brunner.[28]

On this medal the Pretender is represented by the ass, Scotland by the thistle, and Anne, or Britain, by the woman who holds the rose.

454. War of the Spanish Succession: Victory of Oudenarde, 1708. Obv. Castor and Pollux (Eugene and Marlborough) on horseback, charging r. SALVTARIVM SIDERVM APPARITIO; in ex., EVGENII ET MARLEBORVGII FELIX CONIVNCTIO. Rev. View of battle of Oudenarde; town in the distance. VANDOM. IN FLANDR. SICVT IN ITAL. EVNDEM FVGIT ET VT FVGIENDVS DOCET; in ex., MVLT. MILL. GALLORVM CLADES AD ALDENAR. MDCCIIX. D. XI. IVL. Edge inscribed. Silver. Size, 1·65.

At the battle of Oudenarde, 11 July, 1708, the Allies under Eugene, Marlborough, and Ouverkirk routed the French under the Dukes of Burgundy and Vendôme, the latter having been recalled from Italy to supersede Villeroy after the battle of Ramillies. The obverse refers to the legend of the appearance of the Dioscuri at the battle of the Lake Regillus.

455. Another. Obv. Bust of Queen l., draped. ANNA D. G. MAG. BR. FR. &c. I. BOSKAM F. Rev. Attached to trophy of French flags, &c., three medallions with busts of Eugene, Marlborough, and Ouverkirk, with fourth of Victory in centre. hæC feCerVnt hI tres arMI potentes DeI. 2 sam. 23. (chronogrammatic). I. BOSKAM F. Silver. Size 1·75. By J. Boskam.

Ouverkirk, who commanded the Dutch troops in the Low Countries, died during the siege of Lille, 22 Oct. 1708, worn out with the fatigue of the war and the infirmities of premature age.

456. Victory of Oudenarde and capture of Lille, 1708. Obv. Bird's-eye view of battle-field of Oudenarde. In GaLLos VarIas DabIT ADenarDa Coronas (chronogrammatic); in ex., FVGIEN. EX VATACINIO GALLIS VICTORIA PARTA. 11. IVL. 1708. C. W. Rev. Bird's-eye view of town and fortress of Lille. In ODenarDer sIeg besteht Dass RysseL forT noCh VIeL weg geht (chronogrammatic); in ex., SPECTANT HORTVLANIS LILIVM DECERPT. 23. OCT. & 9. DEC. 1708. Silver. Size 1·7. By C. Wermuth.

The victory of Oudenarde was followed by the capture of Lille 9 Dec. 1708.

457. Taking of Sardinia and Minorca, 1708. Obv. Bust of Queen l., draped. ANNA D. G. MAG. BRI. FRA. &c. I. C. Rev. Victory, with palm and English flag, on shell in sea; Sardinia and Minorca in the distance. SARDINIA ET BALEARIS MINOR CAPTÆ. MDCCVIII. Silver. Size 1·5. By J. Croker.

The island of Sardinia was taken by Admiral Leake Aug. 1708, and in the next month he captured Minorca, in conjunction with General Stanhope, who commanded the land forces.

458. Capitulation of Lille, 1708. Obv. Same as reverse of No. [455]. Rev. Eugene on horseback l., commanding at siege of Lille. VI FACTA VIA EST. (Virg. Aen. ii. 494); in ex., MDCCVIII. Silver. Size 1·75. By J. Boskam.

The siege of Lille was opened by Eugene 22 Aug., Marlborough commanding the covering army. The city surrendered 22 Oct.; but the citadel, which was defended by the French general Marshal Boufflers, held out till 9 Dec.

459. Another. Obv. Building of the Tower of Babel and the Confusion of Tongues. CONFVNDAMVS LINGVAM EORVM, VT NON AVDIAT VNVSQVISQVE VOCEM PROXIMI SVI. (cf. Genesis xi. 7); in ex., RYSSEL VEL INSVLÆ PER PRINCIPEM EVGENIVM OBSESSA. 22. AVG. ET 23. OCT. RECEPTA. 1708. Rev. The citadel of Lille besieged; above, sun and moon. SISTE SOL IN GIBEON ET LVNA IN VALLE AIALON. (Joshua x. 12); in ex., CASTELLVM RYSEL OBSESSVM. XXVII. OCT. RECEPTVM VERO. IX. DEC.; on edge, VNITA VIRTVS VALET. Silver. Size 1·9. Dutch.

The building of the Tower of Babel and the Confusion of Tongues denote the useless efforts of the French to defend Lille and the discord which existed among their generals.

460. Another. Obv. Victory flying l., with wreath and flag of Holland; below, captured arms, and Oudenarde in the distance. ADVERSA ET AVERSA GLORIOSA; in ex., FLANDRIA UTRINQUE TROPÆIFERA CÆSI EX ITINERE GALLI AD AUDENARDAM. XII. IUL. MDCCVIII. M. S. Rev. Deputies l., followed by soldiers surrendering town of Lille to Eugene; Marlborough and his army in the distance. VICIT PERVICAX VIRTUS; in ex., INSULÆ VISCERIBUS LUDOVICI XIV. EREPTÆ NEPOTIBUS ET EXERCITU FRUSTRA RELUCTANT. IX. DEC. MDCCVIII. M. S. Silver. Size 1·85. By M. Smeltzing.

This medal commemorates the battle of Oudenarde as well as the capture of Lille.

461. Another. Obv. Lille l., presenting key of city to Eugene and Marlborough, each holding lily. LILIIS DISCERPTIS LILIVM CAPTVM; in ex., EVGENIO OBSIDENTE, MARLBORVG. PROTEGENTE, GALLO SPECTANTE, INSVLÆ CAPTÆ. MDCCIIX. XXIII OCT. M. B. (monogram). Rev. Plan of Lille. VRBS ANTIQVA REDIT MVLTOS DOMINATA PER ANNOS. Virg. (Aen. ii. 363); on edge, NEC MINOR EST VIRTVS, QVAM QVÆRERE FACTA TVERI. Silver. Size 1·7. By M. Brunner.

This medal indicates the parts taken by Eugene and Marlborough at the siege of Lille, the former superintending the attack, the latter commanding the army, which covered the besiegers.

462. Capitulation of Tournay, 1709. Obv. Bombardment of Tournay. SOLVTA CATENIS INSVRGIT. (Ovid. Metam. iv. 738); in ex., TORNACVM CAPTVM. MDCCIX. Rev. French ship in storm, with broken mainmast, sailors casting cargo into sea; one bale inscribed, DORNIK.—NE PEREAT PERDIT; on edge, REGNI COLLAPSA RVVNT IMMANIA MEMBRA. VIRGIL. (Cf. Aen. ix. 708.) C. G. L. Silver. Size 1·75.

Tournay was invested by Eugene and Marlborough, 7 July, 1709, and it capitulated on the 30th of the same month. The French nation is here likened to a ship in a storm, the broken mainmast denoting the loss of Lille, and the abandoned cargo the capitulation of Tournay. This medal was struck at Nuremberg, and was issued by K. G. Lauffer. (See No. [343].)

463. Another. Obv. Tournay besieged; above, shields of Flanders and Tournay united by ribbon. QVID NVNC TE TVA, TORNE, POTEST ANTIQVA IVVARE GLORIA, (cf. Virg. Aen. xii. 872); in ex., CESSIT INVICTIS FOEDERATORVM ARMIS. M. IVL. 30. MDCCIX. N. Rev. France seated, facing, her hands clasped in attitude of despair, at her feet olive-branches and masks; in the distance, tower struck by lightnings. DOMINE, DIXERVNT: PAX ERIT VOBIS, ET ECCE PERVENIT GLADIVS VSQ. AD ANIMAM. (Cf. Jer. iv. 10.) M. B. (monogram); on edge, NON ASSVMES NOMEN PACIS IN VANVM. (Cf. Exod. xx. 7.) Silver. Size 1·7. By M. Brunner.

The olive-branches and masks at feet of France refer to the unsuccessful proposals of peace made by Louis to the Allies in June 1709, through the Marquis de Torcy.

464. Battle of Malplaquet, 1709. Obv. Bust of Queen l., crowned and draped. ANNA D. G. MAG. BRI. FR. &c. I. C. Rev. Battle in forest; above, Victory flying r., with two wreaths. CONCORDIA ET VIRTVTE; in ex., GALLIS AD TAISNIERE DEVICTIS. AVG. XXXI. MDCCIX. Silver. Size 1·85. By J. Croker.

At the battle of Malplaquet, 11 Sept. 1709, the Allies, who were victorious, were commanded by Eugene and Marlborough, and the French by Marshals Villars and Boufflers. The engaged armies fought within the woods of Lanières, Tasnières, and Sars.

465. Capitulation of Mons, 1709. Obv. Bust of Queen l., draped. ANNA D. G. MAG. BRI. FRA. &c. I. C. Rev. View of Mons; above, Victory flying l., with wreath and palm. MONTIBVS IN HANNONIA CAPTIS. MDCCIX. Silver. Size 1·55. By J. Croker.

Mons was the prize of Malplaquet, and surrendered to Eugene 20 Oct. 1709. This was the last success of the Allies in the campaign of 1709 in the Low Countries.

466. Capitulation of Douay, 1710. Obv. Plan of town and fortress of Douay. HÆC REQVIEM REBVS FINEMQVE LABORI ALLATVRA. (Claud. Lib. II., Carm. v. 331); in ex., DVACVM CAPT. D. 29. IVN. MDCCX. N. Rev. Pallas l., snatching from Jupiter half his thunderbolt. BREVI TEMPORE INERMIS ERIT. (Ovid. Trist. Eleg. ii. 33); in ex., VIRTVTE FOEDERATORVM. M. B. (monogram); on edge, INVENIT TAM LONGA POTENTIA FINEM. (Lucan, i. 333.) Silver. Size 1·7. By M. Brunner.

The campaign of 1710 in Holland opened with the occupation by the Allies of the French lines at Pont-à-Vendin and Courrières, and with the siege of Douay, which capitulated 29 June, 1710.

467. Capitulation of Bethune, &c., 1710. Obv. Bust of Queen l., laur. and draped. ANNA AVGVSTA. I. C. Rev. Trophy of arms, flags, and mural crowns on pedestal. BETHVNIA FANO. S^TI. VENANTII ET ARIA CAPTIS; in ex., INSPECTANT GALL. CENT MILL. MDCCX. Silver. Size 1·9. By J. Croker.

The capitulation of Douay was followed by that of Bethune, 30 July; of St. Venant, 29 Sept.; and Aire, 11 Nov.

468. Eugene and Marlborough, 1710. Obv. Busts of Eugene and Marlborough, face to face, in armour, &c. EVGENIVS FRANC. DVX SABAVD. IOHANNES DVX D. MARLB. S. R. I. P. Rev. Within five ornamented borders, views of battle (occupation of lines of Pont-à-Vendin and Courrières), MVNIMENTA OCCVPATA, DOVAY, BETHVNE, S. VENANT, and ARIEN; the first is surmounted by crown of chevaux de frise, the others each by mural crown; in ex., MDCCX.; on edge, ARMORVM FOEDERATORVM FRVCTVS. Silver. Size 1·75.

The reverse type records the successes of the Allies under Eugene and Marlborough in the Low Countries during the year 1710.

469. Victory of Almenara, 1710. Obv. Same as No. [467]. Rev. Battle scene; fight between English and Spanish cavalry. PVGNA EQVESTRIS; in ex., HISPANIS AD ALMENARAM VICT. IVLII. XVI. MDCCX. Silver. Size 1·9. By J. Croker.

On 27 July, 1710, General Stanhope and Marshal Staremberg, who commanded the Allies in Spain, brought Philip to action near Almenara, and routed his whole army in less than half an hour. In consequence of his defeat Philip was compelled to retreat to Saragoza.

470. Victory of Saragoza, 1710. Obv. Same. Rev. Victory laying French flags at feet of Anne, enthroned r.; near her, Britannia. HISPANIS PROFLIGATIS; in ex., AD CÆSARIAM AVGVSTAM AVG. IX. MDCCX. Silver. Size 1·85. By J. Croker.

The battle of Almenara was followed by another under the walls of Saragoza, in which the army of Philip was again defeated, 20 Aug. 1710. On the same day as the battle, Colonel Harrison was despatched to England with the news of the victory, taking with him the captured standards.

471. Victories over Louis XIV., 1710. Obv. Anne as Delilah r., cutting off hair of Louis XIV., seated asleep within tent; in the distance, town bombarded, &c. PHILISTER ÜBER DIR SIMSON; in ex., POST VARIAS VRBES ET DVAVAM GALLIS EREPTVM (sic). D. 27. IVN. 1710. Rev. Louis XIV. as a decrepit and gouty old man, dancing to Anne playing harp. Il sait s'accommoder aux Dames; in ex., LUDOVIC. MAGN. ANNA ILLO MAIOR. Silver. Size 1·7.

This medal was executed in Holland, and is a satire on the fortunes of Louis XIV., whose armies had suffered such severe defeats in the Low Countries and in Spain.

472. Dr. Henry Sacheverell, 1710. Obv. Bust three-quarters r., in canonicals. H. SACH. D.D. Rev. Bishop's mitre. IS FIRM TO THEE. Silver. Size 1·35. Cast.

Dr. Henry Sacheverell, English divine, was impeached in 1710 for two sermons preached at Derby, in which he advocated the doctrines of non-resistance and passive obedience, and attacked the Dissenters and the toleration of the "Genevan discipline," and at the same time the Ministry. He was suspended for three years.

473. Another. Obv. Same. Rev. Bust of Pope Innocent XI. r., wearing mitre and robes. IS FIRM TO THEE. Silver. Size 1·35. Cast.

The reverse type refers to a resolution appended to the sentence of Sacheverell, that the famous decree issued by the University of Oxford 1683, on the occasion of the Rye House Plot, maintaining the doctrine of passive obedience to the authority of Princes, should be burnt by the hangman. Innocent XI. was at that time Pope (1676—1689).

474. Peace of Utrecht: Preliminaries discussed, 1712. Obv. France, Spain, England, Austria, and Belgia seated at table, discussing treaty. AUDIT UIDET TACET RIDET. Rev. View of Utrecht; above, radiate name of Jehovah in Hebrew (incorrectly spelt); beneath, arms of city. BELLI FUGAT NUBES SOLEMQ. REDUCIT PACIS. (cf. Virg. Aen. i. 147); in ex., CONGRESSUS PACIFER. INCHOAT. 29. IANUAR. MDCCXII. Silver. Size 2·85. Cast and chased. Dutch.

The Peace of Utrecht, which put an end to the war of the Spanish Succession, was not signed till April and July 1713; but conferences for negotiations of peace were opened at Utrecht as early as January 1712.

475. Peace of Utrecht, 1713. Obv. Bust of Queen l., laur. and draped. ANNA D. G. MAG. BRI. FR. &c.; on arm, I. C. Rev. Anne as Britannia, head bare, standing towards l., holding olive-branch, spear, and shield; in the distance, labourers at work in fields and merchant-ships on sea. COMPOSITIS VENERANTVR ARMIS. (Hor. iv. Od. 15, 52.) MDCCXIII. Gold. Size 1·35. By J. Croker.

The series of treaties which together formed the Peace of Utrecht was a treaty between England and France, another between England and Spain, and a third between France and the States-General. The articles of this treaty chiefly affecting England were the recognition of the Protestant succession of the House of Hanover and the cession of Gibraltar and Minorca.

476. Another. Obv. Similar. Rev. Similar: figure of Anne as Britannia, helmeted, holds olive-branch and spear. BELLO ET PACE; in ex., ANNO MDCCXIII. PAX RESTITVTA. Silver. Size 1·9. By J. Croker.

477—478. Another. Obv. Peace r., crowned, locking door of Temple of Janus, inscribed ANNO MDCCXIII; near, two chained figures, one armed; on l., globe, &c. and Mercury holding scroll inscribed, EUROPÆ PAX REDDITA; in ex., TRAIECTUM. Rev. Europe seated l. on rock, holding olive-branch and cornucopiae; in the distance, fleet. EUROPA. Gold and silver. Size 1·85. Dutch.