APPENDIX V

VERBS WHICH DIFFER IN REGIMEN FROM THEIR ENGLISH EQUIVALENTS. EXTRACTED FROM THE GENERAL LIST OF THE GRAMMAR OF THE SPANISH ACADEMY[215]

[Footnote 215: This list is comprehensive, but not exhaustive; some of these verbs, besides the preposition given, may be followed by others. Practice in reading is the best master.]

Abordar (una nave) á (or con) otra: To board (a ship).
Abrasarse en deseos: To be burning with desire.
Abundar de (or en) riquezas: To abound with riches.
Abusar de la amistad: To abuse friendship.
Acertar con la casa: To find the right house.
Adelantarse á otros: To take the start on others.
Admirarse de un suceso: To wonder at an event.
Aficionarse á alguna cosa: To grow fond of anything.
Alejarse de su tierra: To depart from one's country.
Alimentarse con (or de) yerbas: To feed on vegetables.
Anticiparse á otro: To forestall another.
Apiadarse con los pobres: To have pity on the poor.
Aportar á Barcelona: To put into Barcelona.
Apreciar en mucho: To appreciate highly.
Arder de cólera: To burn with anger.
Armarse de paciencia: To arm oneself with patience.
Arrimarse á la pared: To lean against the wall.
Arrostrar (con (or por)) los peligros: To face the dangers.
Atender (á) los negocios: To attend to business.
Aventajarse á otros: To excel others.

Bañar con (de or en) lágrimas: To bathe with tears.
Barbear con la pared: To run against the wall.
Brindar á la salud de alguno: To drink the health of someone.
Brindar con regalos: To give presents.
Burlarse de algo: To laugh at something.

Caber de pies: There to be standing room.
Calificar de docto: To call one learned.
Cambiar una cosa con (or por) otra: To exchange one thing for another.
Campar por su respeto: To keep to oneself.
Carecer de medios: To lack means.
Casar or casarse con alguno: To marry someone.
Cesar de correr: To cease running.
Cifrar su dicha en la virtud: To make one's happiness consist in virtue.
Clavar á (or en) la pared: To nail on the wall.
Cojear del pie derecho: To limp with the right foot.
Colgar de un clavo: To hang on a nail.
Colmar de mercedes: To load with benefits.
Comerciar con su crédito: To trade on one's credit.
Comprar de (or á) una persona: To buy from someone.
Comprar al fiado: To buy on credit.
Comprometerse á pagar: To undertake to pay.
Confiar en (or de) alguno: To trust anybody.
Conservarse con (or en) salud: To keep in good health.
Contar con su auxilio: To count on his help.
Contravenir á la ley: To contravene the law.
Convenir al enfermo: To suit the patient.
Correr con los gastos: To undertake the expense.
Cortar por lo sano: To cut short (an argument, etc.).
Cumplir á uno hacer una cosa: To be one's duty to do something.
Chancearse con alguno: To joke with someone.

Dañarse del pecho: To injure one's chest.
Dar con la carga en el suelo: To throw down the load.
Dar con quien lo entiende: To come across someone who understands it.
Dar contra un poste: To knock against a post.
Dar de barato: To grant for argument's sake.
Darse por vencido: To give it up.
Decir bien una cosa con otra: To match well together.
Decir para sí: To say to oneself.
Dejar de escribir: To cease writing, to fail to write.
Demandar ante el juez (or en juicio): To summon.
Depender de alguno: To be dependent on someone.
Desayunarse con chocolate: To breakfast on chocolate.
Desconfiar de alguno: To mistrust one.
Descuidarse de (or en) su obligación: To neglect one's duty.
Desfallecer de ánimo: To lose courage.
Deshacerse de los géneros: To get rid of the goods.
Detestar de la mentira: To hate lying.
Disfrutar de buena renta: To enjoy a good income.
Doblar por un difunto: To sound the death knell.
Dudar de alguna cosa: To doubt something.

Echar en tierra: To throw on the ground.
Echar de casa: To turn out of the house.
Echar de ver una cosa: To perceive (realise) a thing.
Echarla de rico: To assume airs of a rich man.
Embelesarse con alguna cosa: To go into raptures over anything.
Embutir de algodón: To stuff with cotton.
Enajenarse de alguna cosa: To do away with anything.
Encargarse de algún negocio: To undertake a business.
Encontrarse con un amigo: To meet a friend.
Encuadernar á la rústica, en pasta: To bind in paper covers, in boards.
Escarmentar con la desgracia: To take warning from misfortune.
Esmerarse en alguna cosa: To take pains with anything.

Fiarse á (de, en) alguno: To trust in anyone.
Firmar de propria mano: To sign with one's own hand.
Forrar de (con, en) pieles: To line with skins.
Fumar en pipa: To smoke the pipe.

Girar á cargo de alguno: To draw on someone.
Girar sobre París: To draw on Paris.
Guardarse de alguno: To guard against anybody.
Gustar de bromas: To be fond of joking.

Habérselas con otros: To wrangle, to have a bone to pick, to vie with
Hacer de galán en un drama: To take the part of principal actor in a drama.
Herir de muerte: To wound fatally.
Hincarse de rodillas: To fall on one's knees.
Hocicar con (contra, en) alguna cosa: To run against anything.

Igualar (igualarse) á (or con) otro: To equal another, to match.
Indemnizar del perjuicio: To indemnify for the loss.
Influir con el jefe: To influence the chief.
Insistir en (sobre) una cosa: To insist on something.
Inspirar una idea á alguno: To inspire anybody with an idea.
Inundar de (or en) agua: To flood with water.

Librar á cargo de un banquero: To draw on a banker.
Librar una letra sobre Paris: To draw a bill on Paris.
Lindar (una tierra) con otra: To border on another.
Llegar á la posada: To reach the inn.
Llevarse bien con el vecino: To get on well with the neighbour.
Llover á cantaros: To rain in bucketfuls.

Maravillarse con (or de) una noticia: To be surprised at some news.
Marcar á fuego: To brand.
Mejorar de condición: To improve in condition.
Mejorar en tercio y quinto: To improve greatly.

Oler á rosas: To smell of roses.

Parecerse á otro: To be similar to another.
Pensar en (sobre) alguna cosa: To think of something.
Pensar para sí: To think to oneself.
Perecerse de risa: To die with laughter.
Pintar de azul: To paint blue.
Poblar de árboles: To plant with trees.
Ponerse á escribir: To commence writing.
Prescindir de una cosa: To dispense with anything.
Presumir de rico: To feign riches.
Proveer á la necesidad pública: To provide the needs of the public.

Quedar á deber: To remain owing.
Quedarse con lo ajeno: To keep other people's property.

Rebosar de alegría: To teem with joy.
Recibir á cuenta: To receive on account.
Recibir de criado: To admit as a servant.
Recibir por esposa: To receive as a wife.
Reclamar á fulano: To claim from so and so.
Responder á la pregunta: To answer the question.
Reventar de risa: To burst with laughter.
Rodear de una pared: To surround with a wall.

Saber á vino: To taste of wine.
Salirse con la suya: To have one's own way.
Salvarse á nado: To save oneself by swimming.
Sentarse á la mesa: To sit down at table.
Soñar con ladrones: To dream of thieves.
Suplicar (apelar) de la sentencia: To appeal against the sentence.

Tachar de ligero: To tax one with levity.
Tener á menos hablar á uno: Not to deign to speak to one.
Tenerse de pie: To stand on foot.
Teñir de (en) negro: To dye black.
Tomar á pecho: To take to heart.
Tomar hacia la derecha: To turn to the right.
Trabajar á destajo: To do work by the job.
Trabarse de palabras: To quarrel.
Transportar á lomo: To carry on one's back.

Varar en la playa: To run aground.
Velar á los muertos: To watch over the dead.
Vengarse de una ofensa: To avenge an insult.
Vengarse en el ofensor: To avenge oneself on the offender.
Venir á casa: To come home.
Ver de hacer algo: To try and do something.
Vestir á la moda: To dress in the fashion.
Vestir de máscara: To dress in fancy dress.
Vestirse de paño: To dress in cloth.
Vivir á su gusto: To live after one's taste.

CONJUGATION OF THE REGULAR AND AUXILIARY VERBS

The Simple tenses only are given—Compound tenses are formed with the verb "haber" followed by the past participle.

Auxiliary Verbs

DIFFERENCE BETWEEN "SER" AND "ESTAR" (for easy reference).

Ser is used—
i. To form the Passive Voice.
ii. To denote an inherent quality.

Estar is used—
i. To denote state in locality, viz., "to be" in a place.
ii. To denote condition (as opposed to inherent quality).

SUPPLEMENTARY RULES.

Use Ser—
i. Before a noun (even if an adjective or an article intervenes).
ii. When "to be" is used impersonally.
iii. When "to be" denotes possession.
iv. Before pobre, rico, felis, and infeliz.