GLOSSARY
Ab-duc´tor. [L. abduco to lead away.] A muscle which moves certain parts, by separating them from the axis of the body.
Ab-do´men. [L. abdo, to hide.] That part of the body which lies between the thorax and the bottom of the pelvis.
Ab-dom´in-is. Pertaining to the abdomen.
A-ce-tab´u-lum. [L. acetum, vinegar.] The socket for the head of the thigh-bone; an ancient vessel for holding vinegar.
A-ce´tic. [L. acetum, vinegar.] Relating to acetic acid. This is always composed of oxygen, hydrogen, and carbon, in the same proportion.
A-chil´lis. A term applied to the tendon of two large muscles of the leg.
A-cro´mi-on. [Gr. ακρος, akros, highest, and ωμος, omos, shoulder.] A process of the scapula that joins to the clavicle.
Ad-duc´tor. [L. adduco, to lead to.] A muscle which draws one part of the body toward another.
Al-bu-gin´e-a. [L. albus, white.] A term applied to white textures.
Al-bu´men. [L. albus, white.] An animal substance of the same nature as the white of an egg.
A-lu´min-um. [L.] The name given to the metallic base of alumina.
Al´ve-o-lar. [L. alveolus, a socket] Pertaining to the sockets of the teeth.
Am-mo´ni-a. An alkali. It is composed of three equivalents of hydrogen and one of nitrogen.
A-nas´to-mose. [Gr. ανα, ana, through, and στομα, stoma, mouth.] The communication of arteries and veins with each other.
An-a-tom´i-cal. Relating to the parts of the body, when dissected or separated.
A-nat´o-my. [Greek ανα, ana, through, and τομη, tomē a cutting.] The description of the structure of animals. The word anatomy properly signifies dissection.
An´gu-li. [L. angulus, a corner.] A term applied to certain muscles on account of their form.
An-i-mal´cu-læ. [L. animalcula, a little animal.] Animals that are only perceptible by means of a microscope.
An´nu-lar. [L. annulus, a ring.] Having the form of a ring.
An-ti´cus. [L.] A term applied to certain muscles.
A-ort´a. [Gr. αορτη, aortē; from αηρ, aēr, air, and τηρεω, tēreo, to keep.] The great artery that arises from the left ventricle of the heart.
Ap-o-neu-ro´sis. [Gr. απο, apo, from, and νευρον, neuron, a nerve.] The membranous expansions of muscles and tendons. The ancients called every white tendon neuron, a nerve.
Ap-pa-ra´tus. [L. apparo, to prepare.] An assemblage of organs designed to produce certain results.
Ap-pend´ix. [L., an addition.] Something appended or added.
A´que-ous. [L. aqua, water.] Partaking of the nature of water.
A-rach´noid. [Gr. αραχνη, arachnē, a spider, and ειδος, eîdos, form. Resembling 452 a spider’s web. A thin membrane that covers the brain.
Ar´bor. [L.] A tree. Arbor vitæ. The tree of life. A term applied to a part of the cerebellum.
Ar´te-ry. [Gr. αηρ, aēr, air, and τηρεω, tēreo, to keep; because the ancients thought that the arteries contained only air.] A tube through which blood flows from the heart.
A-ryt-e´noid. [Gr. αρυταινα, arutaina, a ewer, and ειδος, eîdos, form.] The name of a cartilage of the larynx.
As-cend´ens. [L.] Ascending; rising.
As-phyx´i-a. [Gr. α, a, not, and σφυξις, sphyxis, pulse.] Originally, want of pulse; now used for suspended respiration, or apparent death.
As-trag´a-lus. [Gr.] The name of a bone of the foot. One of the tarsal bones.
Aud-i´tion. [L. audio, to hear.] Hearing.
Aud-it-o´ri-us. [L.] Pertaining to the organ of hearing.
Au´ri-cle. [L. auricula, the external ear; from auris, the ear.] A cavity of the heart.
Au-ric´u-lar. [L. auricula.] Pertaining to the auricle.
Ax-il´la. [L.] The armpit.
Ax´il-la-ry. Belonging or relating to the armpit.
A-zote´. [Gr. α, a, not, and ζωη, zoē, life.] Nitrogen. One of the constituent elements of the atmosphere. So named because it will not sustain life.
Ben-zo´ic. Benzoic acid. A peculiar vegetable acid, obtained from benzoin and some other balsams.
Bi´ceps. [L. bis, twice, and caput, a head.] A name applied to muscles with two heads at one extremity.
Bi-cus´pids. [L. bis and cuspis, a point.] Teeth that have two points upon their crown.
Bile. [L. bilis.] A yellow, viscid fluid secreted by the liver.
Bi-pen´ni-form. [L. bis and penna, a feather.] Bipenniform muscle. Having fibres on each side of a common tendon.
Brach´i-al. [L. brachium.] Belonging to the arm.
Bre´vis. [L.] Brevis, short; brevior, shorter.
Bronch´i-a, -æ. [L.] A division of the trachea that passes to the lungs.
Bronch´i-al. Relating to the bronchia.
Bronch-i´tis. [L.] An inflammation of the bronchia.
Buc-ci-na´tor. [L. buccinum, a trumpet.] The name of a muscle of the cheek, so named because used in blowing wind instruments.
Bur´sæ Mu-co´sa. [L. bursa, a purse, and mucosa, viscous.] Small sacs, containing a viscid fluid, situated about the joints, under tendons.
Cæ´cum. [L.] Blind; the name given to the commencement of the colon.
Calx, Cal´cis. [L.] The heel-bone.
Cal´ci-um. [L.] The metallic basis of lime.
Cap´il-la-ry. [L. capillus, a hair.] Resembling a hair; small.
Cap´su-lar. Pertaining to a capsule.
Cap´sule. [L. capsula, a little chest.] A membranous bag, enclosing a part.
Ca´put. [L.] The head. Caput coli. The head of the colon.
Car´bon. [L. carbo, a coal.] Pure charcoal. An elementary combustible substance.
Car-bon´ic. Pertaining to carbon.
Car´di-ac. [Gr. καρδια, kardia, heart.] Relating to the heart, or upper orifice of the stomach.
Car´ne-a, -æ. [L. caro, carnis, flesh.] Fleshy.
Ca-rot´id. [Gr. καρος, karos, lethargy.] The great arteries of the neck that convey blood to the heart. The ancients supposed drowsiness to be seated in these arteries.
Car´pal. [L. carpus, the wrist.] Relating to the wrist.
Car´pus, -i. [L.] The wrist.
Car´ti-lage. [L. cartilago.] Gristle. A smooth, elastic substance, softer than bone.
Car-ti-lag´in-ous. Pertaining to cartilage.
Cau-ca´sian. One of the races of men.
Ca´va. [L.] Hollow. Vena cava. A name given to the two great veins of the body.
Cel´lu-lar. [L. cellula, a little cell.] Composed of cells.
Cer-e-bel´lum. [L.] The hinder and lower part of the brain, or the little brain.
Cer´e-bral. Pertaining to the brain.
Cer´e-brum. [L.] The front and large part of the brain. The term is sometimes applied to the whole contents of the cranium.
Cer´e-bro-Spi´nal. Relating to the brain and spine.
Cer´vix. [L.] The neck.
Cer´vi-cal. Relating to the neck.
Chest. [Sax.] The thorax; the trunk of the body from the neck to the abdomen.
Chlo´rine. [Gr. χλορος, chloros, green.] Chlorine gas, so named from its color.
Chor´da, -æ. [L.] A cord. An assemblage of fibres.
Cho´roid. [Gr. χοριον, chorion.] A term applied to several parts of the body that resemble the skin.
Chyle. [Gr. χυλος, chulos, juice.] A nutritive fluid, of a whitish appearance, which is extracted from food by the action of the digestive organs.
Chyl-i-fi-ca´tion. [chyle and L. facio, to make.] The process by which chyle is formed.
Chyme. [Gr. χυμος, chumos, juice.] A kind of grayish pulp formed from the food in the stomach.
Chym-i-fi-ca´tion. [chyme and L. facio, to make.] The process by which chyme is formed.
Cil´ia-ry. [L. cilia, eyelashes.] Belonging to the eyelids.
Cin-e-ri´tious. [L. cinis, ashes.] Having the color of ashes.
Clav´i-cle. [L. clavicula, from clavis, a key.] The collar-bone; so called from its resemblance in shape to an ancient key.
Clei´do. A term applied to some muscles that are attached to the clavicle.
Co-ag´u-lum. [L.] A coagulated mass, a clot of blood.
Coc´cyx. [Gr.] An assemblage of bones joined to the sacrum.
Coch´le-a. [Gr. κοχλω, kochlo, to twist; or L. cochlea, a screw.] A cavity of the ear resembling in form a snail shell.
Co´lon. [Gr.] A portion of the large intestine.
Co-lum´na, -æ.[L.] A column or pillar.
Com-mu´nis. [L.] A name applied to certain muscles.
Com-plex´us. [L. complector, to embrace.] The name of a muscle that embraces many attachments.
Com-press´or. [L. con, together, and premo, pressus, to press.] A term applied to some muscles, that compress the parts to which they are attached.
Con´dyle. [Gr. κονδυλος, kondulos, a knuckle, a protuberance.] A prominence on the end of a bone.
Con-junc-ti´va. [L. con, together, and jungo, to join.] The membrane that covers the anterior part of the globe of the eye.
Cop´per. A metal of a pale, red color, tinged with yellow.
Cor-a´coid. [Gr. κοραξ, korax, a crow, and ειδος, eîdos, form.] A process of the scapula shaped like the beak of a crow.
Co´ri-on. [Gr. χοριον, chorion, skin.] The true skin.
Corn´e-a. [L. cornu, a horn.] The transparent membrane in the fore part of the eye.
Cos´ta. [L. costa, a coast, side, or rib.] A rib.
Crib´ri-form. [L. cribrum, a sieve, and forma, form.] A plate of the ethmoid 454 bone, through which the olfactory nerve passes to the nose.
Cri´coid. [Gr. κρικος, krikos, a ring, and ειδος, eîdos, form.] A name given to a cartilage of the larynx, from its form.
Crys´tal-line. [L. crystallinus, consisting of crystal.] Crystalline lens. One of the humors of the eye. It is convex, white, firm, and transparent.
Cu´bi-tus, -i. [L. cubitus, the elbow.] One of the bones of the forearm, also called the ulna.
Cu´boid. [Gr. κυβος, kubos, a cube, and ειδος, eîdos, form.] Having nearly the form of a cube.
Cu-ne´i-form. [L. cuneus, a wedge.] The name of bones in the wrist and foot.
Cus´pid. [L. cuspis, a point.] Having one point.
Cu-ta´ne-ous. [L. cutis, skin.] Belonging to the skin.
Cu´ti-cle. [L. cutis.] The external layer of the skin.
Cu´tis Ve´ra. [L. cutis, and vera, true.] The internal layer of the skin; the true skin.
Del´toid. [Gr. δελτα, delta, the Greek letter Δ, and ειδος, eîdos, form.] The name of a muscle, that resembles in form the Greek letter Δ.
Dens. [L.] A tooth.
Dent´al. [L. dens, tooth.] Pertaining to the teeth.
De-press´or. [L.] The name of a muscle that draws down the part to which it is attached.
Derm´oid. [Gr. δερμα, derma, the skin, and ειδος, eîdos, form.] Resembling skin.
De-scend´ens. [L. de and scando, to climb.] Descending, falling.
Di´a-phragm. [Gr. διαφραμα, diaphragma, a partition.] The midriff; a muscle separating the chest from the abdomen.
Di-ar-rhœ´a. [Gr. διαρρεω, diarrheo, to flow through.] A morbidly frequent evacuation of the intestines.
Di-as´to-le. [Gr. διαστελλω, diastello, to put asunder.] The dilatation of the heart and arteries when the blood enters them.
Di-ges´tion. [L. digestio.] The process of dissolving food in the stomach, and preparing it for circulation and nourishment.
Dig-i-to´rum. [L. digitus, a finger.] A term applied to certain muscles of the extremities.
Dor´sal. [L. dorsum, the back.] Pertaining to the back.
Du-o-de´num. [L. duodenus, of twelve fingers’ breadth.] The first portion of the small intestine.
Du´ra Ma´ter. [L. durus, hard, and mater, mother.] The outermost membrane of the brain.
Dys´en-ter-y. [Gr. δυς, dūs, bad, and εντερια, enteria, intestines.] A discharge of blood and mucus from the intestines attended with tenesmus.
Dys-pep´si-a. [Gr. δυς, dūs, bad, and πεπτω, pepto, to digest.] Indigestion, or difficulty of digestion.
En-am´el. [Fr.] The smooth, hard substance which covers the crown or visible part of a tooth.
Ep-i-derm´is. [Gr. επι, epi, upon, and δερμα, derma, the skin.] The scarf-skin; the cuticle.
Ep-i-glot´tis. [Gr. επι, epi, upon, and γλωττα, glōtta, the tongue.] One of the cartilages of the glottis.
Eu-sta´chi-an Tube. A channel from the fauces to the middle ear, named from Eustachius, who first described it.
Ex´cre-ment. [L. excerno, to separate.] Matter excreted and ejected; alvine discharges.
Ex-cre-men-ti´tial. Pertaining to excrement.
Ex´cre-to-ry. A little duct or vessel, destined to receive secreted fluids, and to excrete or discharge them; also, a secretory vessel.
Ex-ha´lant. [L. exhalo, to send forth vapor.] Having the quality of exhaling or evaporating.
Ex-tens´or. [L.] A name applied to a muscle that serves to extend any part of the body; opposed to Flexor.
Fa´cial. [L. facies, face.] Pertaining to the face.
Falx. [L. falx, a scythe.] A process of the dura mater shaped like a scythe.
Fas´ci-a. [L. fascia, a band.] A tendinous expansion or aponeurosis.
Fas-cic´u-lus, -li. [L. fascis, a bundle.] A little bundle.
Faux, -ces. [L.] The top of the throat.
Fem´o-ral. Pertaining to the femur.
Fem´o-ris. A term applied to muscles that are attached to the femur.
Fe´mur. [L.] The thigh-bone.
Fe-nes´tra, -um. [L. fenestra, a window.] A term applied to some openings into the internal ear.
Fi´bre. [L. fibra.] An organic filament, or thread, which enters into the composition of every animal and vegetable texture.
Fi´brin. A peculiar organic substance found in animals and vegetables; it is a solid substance, tough, elastic, and composed of thready fibres.
Fi´brous. Composed or consisting of fibres.
Fi´bro-Car´ti-lage. An organic tissue, partaking of the nature of fibrous tissue and that of cartilage.
Fib´u-la. [L., a clasp.] The outer and lesser bone of the leg.
Fib´u-lar. Belonging to the fibula.
Fil´a-ment. [L. filamenta, threads.] A fine thread, of which flesh, nerves, skin, &c., are composed.
Flec´tion. [L. flectio.] The act of bending.
Fol´li-cle. [L. folliculus, a small bag.] A gland; a little bag in animal bodies.
Fore´arm. The part of the upper extremity between the elbow and hand.
Fos´sa. [L., a ditch.] A cavity in a bone, with a large aperture.
Fræ´num. [L., a bridle.] Frænum linguæ. The bridle of the tongue.
Func´tion. [L. fungor, to perform.] The action of an organ or system of organs.
Fun´gi-form. [L. fungus and forma.] Having terminations like the head of a fungus, or a mushroom.
Gan´gli-on, -a. [Gr.] An enlargement in the course of a nerve.
Gas´tric. [Gr. γαστηρ, gastēr, the stomach.] Belonging to the stomach.
Gas-troc-ne´mi-us. [Gr. γαστηρ, gastēr, the stomach, and κνημη, knēmē, the leg.] The name of large muscles of the leg.
Gel´a-tin. [L. gelo, to congeal.] A concrete animal substance, transparent and soluble in water.
Gle´noid. [Gr. γληνη, glēnē, a cavity.] A term applied to some articulate cavities of bones.
Glos´sa. [Gr.] The tongue. Names compounded with this word are applied to muscles of the tongue.
Glos´so-Pha-ryn´gi-al. Relating to the tongue and pharynx.
Glot´tis. [Gr.] The narrow opening at the upper part of the larynx.
Glu´te-us. [Gr.] A name given to muscles of the hip.
Hem´or-rhage. [Gr. ἁιμα, haima, blood and ρηγνυω, rēgnuo, to burst.] A discharge of blood from an artery or vein.
Hu´mer-us. [L.] The bone of the arm.
Hy´a-loid. [Gr.] A transparent membrane of the eye.
Hy´dro-gen. [Gr. ὑδωρ, water, and γενναω, to generate.] A gas which constitutes one of the elements of water.
Hy´gi-ene. [Gr. ὑγιεινον, hugieînon, health.] The part of medicine which treats of the preservation of health.
Hy´oid. [Gr. υ and ειδος, eîdos, shape.] A bone of the tongue resembling the Greek letter upsilon in shape.
Hy-oid´e-us. Pertaining to the hyoid bone.
Hy´po-glos´sal. Under the tongue. The name of a nerve of the tongue.
Il´e-um. [Gr. ειλω, eilō, to wind.] A portion of the small intestines.
Il´i-ac. [From the above.] The flank; pertaining to the small intestine.
Il´i-um. The haunch-bone.
In-ci´sor. [L. incido, to cut.] A front tooth that cuts or divides.
In´dex. [L. indico, to show.] The fore-finger; the pointing finger.
In-nom-i-na´ta. [L. in, not, and nomen, name.] Parts which have no proper name.
In-os´cu-late. [L. in and osculatus, from osculor, to kiss.] To unite, as two vessels at their extremities.
In´ter. [L.] Between.
In-ter-cost´al. [L. inter, between, and costa, a rib.] Between the ribs.
In-ter-no´di-i. [L. inter, between, and nodus, knot.] A term applied to some muscles of the forearm.
In-ter-sti´tial. [L. inter, between, and sto, to stand.] Pertaining to or containing interstices.
In-tes´tines. [L. intus, within.] The canal that extends from the stomach to the anus.
I´ris. [L., the rainbow.] The colored circle that surrounds the pupil of the eye.
I´vo-ry. A hard, solid, fine-grained substance of a fine white color; the tusk of an elephant.
Je-ju´num. [L., empty.] A portion of the small intestine.
Ju´gu-lar. [L. jugulum, the neck.] Relating to the throat. The great veins of the neck.
La´bi-um, La´bi-i. [L.] The lips.
Lab´y-rinth. [Gr.] The internal ear, so named from its many windings.
Lach´ry-mal. [L. lachryma, a tear.] Pertaining to tears.
Lac´te-al. [L., lac, milk.] A small vessel or tube of animal bodies for conveying chyle from the intestine to the thoracic duct.
Lam´i-na, -æ. [L.] A plate, or thin coat lying over another.
Lar´ynx. [Gr. λαρυγξ, larunx.] The upper part of the windpipe.
Lar-yn-gi´tis. Inflammation of the larynx.
La-tis´si-mus, -mi. [L., superlative of latus, broad.] A term applied to some muscles.
Le-va´tor. [L. levo, to raise.] A name applied to a muscle that raises some part.
Lig´a-ment. [L. ligo, to bind.] A strong, compact substance serving to bind one bone to another.
Lin´e-a, -æ. [L.] A line.
Lin´gua, -æ. [L.] A tongue.
Liv´er. The name of one of the abdominal organs, the largest gland in the system. It is situated below the diaphragm, and secretes the bile.
Lobe. A round projecting part of an organ.
Lon´gus, Lon´gi-or. [L., long, longer.] A term applied to several muscles.
Lum´bar. [L. lumbus, the loins.] Pertaining to the loins.
Lymph. [L. lympha, water.] A colorless fluid in animal bodies, and contained in vessels called lymphatics.
Lym-phat´ic. A vessel of animal bodies that contains or conveys lymph.
Mag-ne´si-um. The metallic base of magnesia.
Mag´nus, -na, -num. [L., great.] A term applied to certain muscles.
Ma´jor. [L., greater.] Greater in extent or quantity.
Man´ga-nese. A metal of a whitish gray color.
Mar´row. [Sax.] A soft, oleaginous substance, contained in the cavities of bones.
Mas-se´ter. [Gr. μασσαομαι, massaomai, to chew.] The name of a muscle of the face.
Mas´ti-cate, Mas-ti-ca´tion. [L. mastico.] To chew; the act of chewing.
Mas´toid. [Gr. μαστος, mastos, breast, and ειδος, eîdos, form.] the name of a process of the temporal bone behind the ear.
Mas-toid´e-us. A name applied to muscles that are attached to the mastoid process.
Max-il´la. [L.] The jaw-bone.
Max´il-la-ry. Pertaining to the jaw.
Max´i-mus, -um. [L., superlative of magnus, great.] A term applied to several muscles.
Me-a´tus. [L. meo, to go.] A passage or channel.
Me-di-as-ti´num. A membrane that separates the chest into two parts.
Me´di-um, -a. [L.] The space or substance through which a body passes to any point.
Med´ul-la-ry. [L., medulla, marrow.] Pertaining to marrow.
Me-dul´la Ob-lon-ga´ta. Commencement of the spinal cord.
Me-dul´la Spi-na´lis. The spinal cord.
Mem´bra-na. A membrane; a thin, white, flexible skin formed by fibres interwoven like net-work.
Mem´bra-nous. Relating to membrane.
Mes´en-ter-y. [Gr. μεσος, mesos, the middle, and εντερον, enteron, the intestine.] The membrane in the middle of the intestines, by which they are attached to the spine.
Mes-en-ter´ic. Pertaining to the mesentery.
Met-a-car´pal. Relating to the metacarpus.
Met-a-car´pus. [Gr. μετα, meta, after, and καρπος, karpos, wrist.] The part of the hand between the wrist and fingers.
Met-a-tar´sal. Relating to the metatarsus.
Met-a-tar´sus. [Gr. μετα, meta, after, and ταρσος, tarsos, the tarsus.] The instep. A term applied to seven bones of the foot.
Mid´riff. [Sax. mid, and hrife, the belly.] See Diaphragm.
Min´i-mus, -i. [L.] The smallest. A term applied to several muscles.
Mi´nor. [L.] Less, smaller. A term applied to several muscles.
Mi´tral. [L. mitra, a mitre.] The name of the valves in the left side of the heart.
Mo-di´o-lus. [L. modus, a measure.] A cone in the cochlea around which the membranes wind.
Mo´lar. [L. mola, a mill.] The name of some of the large teeth.
Mol´lis. [L.] Soft.
Mo´tor, -es. [L. moveo, to move.] A mover. A term applied to certain nerves.
Mu´cous. Pertaining to mucus.
Mu´cus. A viscid fluid secreted by the mucous membrane, which it serves to moisten and defend.
Mus´cle. A bundle of fibres enclosed in a sheath.
Mus´cu-lar. Relating to a muscle.
My-o´des. A term applied to certain muscles of the neck.
Na´sal. Relating to the nose.
Na´sus. [L., the nose.] The nostrils.
Nerve. An organ of sensation and motion in animals.
Nerv´ous. Relating to the nerves.
Neu-ri-lem´a. [Gr. νευρον, neuron, a nerve, and λεμμα, lema, a sheath.] The sheath or covering of a nerve.
Ni´grum. [L.] Black.
Ni´tro-gen. That element of the air which is called azote.
Nu-tri´tion. The art or process of promoting the growth, or repairing the waste of the system.
Oc-cip-i-ta´lis. Pertaining to the back part of the head.
Oc´ci-put. [L. ob and caput, the head.] The hinder part of the head.
Oc-u-lo´rum. Of the eyes.
Oc´ulus, -i. [L.] The eye.
Œ-soph´a-gus. [Gr. οιω, oiō, to carry, and φαγω, phago, to eat.] The name of the passage through which the food passes from the mouth to the stomach.
O-lec´ra-non. [Gr. ωλενε, ōlene, the cubit, and κρανον, kranon, the head.] The elbow; the head of the ulna.
Ol-fact´o-ry. [L. oleo, to smell, and facio, to make.] Pertaining to smelling.
O´mo. [Gr. ωμος, ōmos, the shoulder.] Names compounded of this word are applied to muscles attached to the shoulder.
Oph-thal´mic. [Gr. οφθαλμος, ophthalmos, the eye.] Belonging to the eye.
Op-po´nens. That which acts in opposition to something. The name of two muscles of the hand.
Op´ti-cus, Op´tic. [Gr. οπτομαι, optomai, to see.] Relating to the eye.
Or-bic´u-lar. [L. orbis, a circle.] Circular.
Or-bic-u-la´ris. A name applied to several muscles.
Or´gan. A part of the system destined to exercise some particular function.
Or´i-gin. Commencement; source.
Os. [L.] A bone; the mouth of any thing.
O´ris. [L. os, oris.] Of the mouth.
Os Hy-oid´es. [Gr. See Hyoid.] The name of the bone at the base of the tongue.
Os´ma-zome. [Gr. οσμη, osmē, smell, and ζωμος, zōmos, broth.] A principle obtained from animal fibre which gives the peculiar taste to broth.
Os´sa. [L., plural of os, bone.] Bones.
Os´se-ous. Pertaining to bones.
Os-si-fi-ca´tion. The formation of bones in animals.
Os´si-fy. [L. ossa, bones, and facio, to make.] To convert into bone.
Os´sis. Of a bone.
O-va´le. [L.] The shape of an egg.
Ox-al´ic. Pertaining to sorrel. Oxalic acid is the acid of sorrel. It is composed of two equivalents of carbon and three of oxygen.
Ox´y-gen. A permanently elastic fluid invisible and inodorous. One of the components of atmospheric air.
Pa-la´tum. [L.] The palate; the roof of the mouth.
Pal-pe-bra´rum. [L. palpebra, the eyelid.] Of the eyelids.
Pal´mar. [L. palma, the palm.] Belonging to the hand.
Pal-ma´ris. A term applied to some muscles attached to the palm of the hand.
Pan´cre-as. [Gr. παν, pan, all, and κρεας, kreas, flesh.] The name of one of the digestive organs.
Pan-cre-at´ic. Belonging to the pancreas.
Pa-pil´la, -æ. [L.] Small conical prominences.
Pa-ral´y-sis. Abolition of function whether of intellect, sensation, or motion.
Pa-ren´chy-ma. [Gr. παρεγχεω, parengcheō, to pour through.] The substance contained between the blood vessels of an organ.
Pa-rot´id. [Gr. παρα, para, near, and ωτος, ōtos, the gen. of ους, ous, the ear.] The name of the largest salivary gland.
Pa-tel´la, -æ. [L.] The knee-pan.
Pa-thet´i-cus, -ci. [Gr. παθος, pathos, passion.] The name of the fourth pair of nerves.
Pec´to-ral. Pertaining to the chest.
Pec-to-ra´lis. Belonging to the chest.
Pe´dis. [L., gen. of pes, the foot.] Of the foot.
Pel´i-tongs. A term applied to masses of fat.
Pel´li-cle. [L., dim. of pellis, the skin.] A thin skin or film.
Pel´vic. Relating to the pelvis.
Pel´vis. [L.] The basin formed by the large bones at the lower part of the abdomen.
Pen´ni-form. [L. penna, a feather.] Having the form of a feather, or quill.
Per-i-car´di-um. [Gr. περι, peri, around, and καρδια, kardia, the heart.] A membrane that encloses the heart.
Per-i-chon´dri-um. [Gr. περι, peri, around, and χονδρος, chondros, cartilage.] A membrane that invests cartilage.
Per-i-cra´ni-um. [Gr. περι, and κρανιον, kranion, the cranium.] A membrane that invests the skull.
Per´ma-nent. Durable; lasting.
Per-i-stal´tic. [Gr. περιστελλω, peristello, to involve.] A movement like the crawling of a worm.
Per-spi-ra´tion. [L. per, through, and spiro, to breathe.] The excretion from the skin.
Phal´anx, -ges. [Gr. φαλαγξ, phalanx, an army.] Three rows of small bones forming the fingers or toes.
Pha-lan´gi-al. Belonging to the fingers or toes.
Pha-ryn´ge-al. Relating to the pharynx.
Phar´ynx. [Gr. φαρυγξ, pharunx.] The upper part of the œsophagus.
Phos´phor-us. [Gr. φως, phōs, the light, and φερω, pherō, to bear.] A combustible substance, of a yellowish color, semi-transparent, resembling wax.
Phren´ic. [Gr. φρην, phrēn, the mind.] Belonging to the diaphragm.
Phys-i-ol´o-gy. [Gr. φυσις, phusis, nature, and λογος, logos, a discourse.] The science of the functions of the organs of animals and plants.
Pi´a Ma´ter. [L., good mother.] The name of one of the membranes of the brain.
Pig-men´tum. [L.] Paint; a preparation of colors.
Pin´na. [L., a wing.] A part of the external ear.
Pla-tys´ma. [Gr. πλατυς, platūs, broad.] A muscle of the neck.
Pleu´ra, -æ. [Gr. πλευρα, pleura, the side.] A thin membrane that covers the inside of the thorax, and also forms the exterior coat of the lungs.
Pleu´ral. Relating to the pleura.
Plex´us. [L. plecto, to weave together.] Any union of nerves, vessels, or fibres, in the form of net-work.
Pneu-mo-gas´tric. [Gr. πνευμων, pneumōn, the lungs, and γαστηρ, gastēr, the stomach.] Belonging to both the stomach and lungs.
Pol´li-cis. [L.] A term applied to muscles attached to the fingers and toes.
Pons. [L.] A bridge. Pons varolii. A part of the brain formed by the union of the crura cerebri and cerebelli.
Pop-lit-e´al. [L. poples, the ham.] Pertaining to the ham or knee-joint. A name given to various parts.
Pos´ti-cus. [L.] Behind; posterior. A term applied to certain muscles.
Por´ti-o Du´ra. [L., hard portion.] The facial nerve; 8th pair.
Por´ti-o Mol´lis. [L., soft portion.] The auditory nerve; 7th pair.
Po-tas´si-um. [L.] The metallic basis of pure potash.
Pro-bos´cis. [Gr. προ, pro, before, and βοσκω, boskō, to feed.] The snout or trunk of an elephant or other animal.
Proc´ess. A prominence or projection.
Pro-na´tor. [L. pronus, turned downward.] The muscle of the forearm that moves the palm of the hand downward.
Pso´as. [Gr. ψοαι, psoai, the loins.] The name of two muscles of the leg.
| Pul-mon´ic. | } |
| Pul´mo-na-ry. | } [L. pulmo, the lungs.] Belonging or relating to the lungs. |
| Pul-mo-na´lis. | } |
Pu´pil. A little aperture in the centre of the iris, through which the rays of light pass to the retina.
Py-lor´ic. Pertaining to the pylorus.
Py-lor´us. [Gr. πυλωρος, pulōros, a gate keeper.] The lower orifice of the stomach, with which the duodenum connects.
Ra´di-us. [L., a ray, a spoke of a wheel.] The name of one of the bones of the forearm.
Ra-di-a´lis. Radial; belonging to the radius.
Ra´di-ate. Having lines or fibres that diverge from a point.
Ra´mus. [L.] A branch. A term applied to the projections of bones.
Rec-re-men-ti´tial. [L. re, again, and cerno, to secrete.] Consisting of superfluous matter separated from that which is valuable.
Rec´tum. The third and last portion of the intestines.
Rec´tus, -i. [L.] Straight; erect. A term applied to several muscles.
Re-sid´u-al. Pertaining to waste matter.
Re-sid´u-um. [L.] Waste matter. The fæces.
Res-pi-ra´tion. [L. re, again, and spiro, to breathe.] The act of breathing. Inspiring air into the lungs and expelling it again.
Re-spi´ra-to-ry. Pertaining to respiration; serving for respiration.
Ret´i-na. [L., rete, a net.] The essential organ of sight. One of the coats of the eye, formed by the expansion of the optic nerve.
Ro-tun´dum, -a. [L.] Round; circular.
Ru´ga, -æ. [L.] A wrinkle; a fold.
Sac´cu-lus. [L., dim. of saccus, a bag.] A little sac.
Sa´cral. Pertaining to the sacrum.
Sa´crum. [L., sacred.] The bone which forms the posterior part of the pelvis, and is a continuation of the spinal column.
Sa-li´va. [L.] The fluid which is secreted by the salivary glands, which moistens the food and mouth.
Sal´i-va-ry. That which belongs to the saliva.
San´guin-e-ous. [L. sanguis, the blood.] Bloody; abounding with blood; plethoric.
Sar-to´ri-us. [L. sartor, a tailor.] A term applied to a muscle of the thigh.
Sca´la, -æ. [L., a ladder.] Cavities of the cochlea.
Sca-le´nus. [Gr. σκαληνος, skalēnos, unequal.] A term applied to some muscles of the neck.
Scaph´oid. [Gr. σκαφη, skaphē, a little boat.] The name applied to one of the wrist-bones.
Scap´u-la. [L.] The shoulder-blade.
Scap´u-lar. Relating to the scapula.
Scarf-Skin. The outer, thin integument of the body; the cuticle.
Sci-at´ic. [Gr., pertaining to the loins.] The name of the large nerve of the loins and leg.
Scle-rot´ic. [Gr. σκληρος, sklēros, hard.] A membrane of the eye.
Se-ba´ceous. [L., sebum, tallow.] Pertaining to fat; unctuous matter.
Se-cre´tion. The act of secerning; the act of producing from the blood substances different front the blood itself, as bile, saliva. The matter secreted, as mucus, bile, &c.
Se-cre´to-ry. Performing the office of secretion.
Se-cun´dus. Second. A term applied to certain muscles.
Sem-i-cir´cu-lar. Having the form of a half circle. The name of a part of the ear.
Sem-i-ten-di-no´sus. [L. semi, half and tendo, a tendon.] The name of a muscle.
Sep´tum. [L.] A membrane that divides two cavities from each other.
Se´rous. Thin; watery. Pertaining to serum.
Se´rum. [L.] The thin, transparent part of blood.
Ser-ra´tus. [L. serro, to saw.] A term applied to some muscles of the trunk.
Sig´moid. [Gr.] Resembling the Greek σ, sigma.
Si-li´ci-um. A term applied to one of the earths.
Si´nus. [L., a bay.] A cavity, the interior of which is more expanded than the entrance.
Skel´e-ton. [Gr. σκελλω, skellō, to dry.] The aggregate of the hard parts of the body; the bones.
So´di-um. The metallic base of soda
Sphinc´ter. [Gr. σφιγγω, sphingo, to restrict.] A muscle that contracts or shuts an orifice.
Spi´nal Cord. A prolongation of the brain.
Spi-na´lis. Relating to the spine.
Spine. A thorn. The vertebral column; back-bone.
Spi´nous. Belonging to the spinal column.
Spleen. The milt. It is situated in the abdomen, and attached to the stomach.
Splen´ic. Relating to the spleen.
Sple´ni-us. The name of a muscle of the neck.
Sta´pes. The name of one of the small bones of the ear.
Ster´num. The breast-bone. The bone that forms the front of the chest from the neck to the stomach.
Stom´ach. The principal organ of the digestive apparatus.
Stra´tum. [L. sterno, to stew.] A bed; a layer.
Sty´loid. [L. stylus, a pencil.] An epithet applied to processes that resemble a style, a pen.
Sub-cla´vi-an. [L. sub, under, and clavis, a key.] Situated under the clavicle.
Sub-li´mis. High in place.
Sub-lin´gual. [L. sub, under, and lingua, the tongue.] Situated under the tongue.
Sub-max´il-la-ry. [L. sub, under, and maxilla, the jaw-bone.] Located under the jaw.
Sul´phur. A simple, mineral substance, of a yellow color, brittle, insoluble in water, but fusible by heat.
Su-pe-ri-o´ris. A term applied to certain muscles.
Su-pi-na´tor. [L.] A muscle that turns the palm of the hand upward.
Sut´ure. [L. suo, to sew.] The seam or joint that unites the bones of the skull.
Syn-o´vi-a. [Gr. συν, sūn, with, and ωον, ōon, an egg.] The fluid secreted into the cavities of joints for the purpose of lubricating them.
Syn-o´vi-al. Pertaining to synovia.
Sys´tem. An assemblage of organs composed of the same tissues, and intended for the same functions.
Sys-tem´ic. Belonging to the general system.
Sys´to-le. [Gr. συστελλω, sūstellō, to contract.] The contraction of the heart and arteries for expelling the blood and carrying on the circulation.
Tar´sal. Relating to the tarsus.
Tar´sus. [L.] The posterior part of the foot.
Ten´don. [Gr. τεινω, teino, to stretch.] A hard, insensible cord, or bundle of fibres, by which a muscle is attached to a bone.
Ten´di-na, -æ. Pertaining to a tendon.
Tens´or. A muscle that extends a part.
Ten-tac´u-la, -æ. [L. tento, to seize.] A filiform process or organ on the bodies of various animals.
Ten-to´ri-um. [L. tendo, to stretch.] A process of the dura mater which lies between the cerebrum and cerebellum.
Te´res. [L. teres, round.] An epithet given to many organs, the fibres of which are collected in small bundles.
Tho´rax. [Gr.] That part of the skeleton that composes the bones of the chest. The cavity of the chest.
Tho-rac´ic. Relating to the chest.
Thy´roid. [Gr. θυρεος, thureos, a shield.] Resembling a shield. A cartilage of the larynx.
Tib´i-a. [L., a flute.] The large bone of the leg.
Tib-i-a´lis, Tib´i-al. Relating to the tibia.
Tis´sue. The texture or organization of parts.
Ton´sil. [L.] A glandular body in the throat or fauces.
Tra´che-a. [Gr. τραχυς, trachus, rough.] The windpipe.
Tra´che-al. Belonging to the trachea.
Trans-verse´, Trans-ver-sa´lis. Lying in a cross direction.
Tra-pe´zi-us. The name of a muscle, so called from its form.
Tri´ceps. [L. tres, three, and caput, head.] Three. A name given to muscles that have three attachments at one extremity.
Tri-cus´pid. [L. tres, three, and cuspis, point.] The triangular valves in the right side of the heart.
Troch´le-a. [Gr. τροχαλια, trochalia, a pulley.] A pulley-like cartilage, over which the tendon of a muscle of the eye passes.
Troch-le-a´ris. The name of a muscle of the eye.
Trunk. The principal part of the body, to which the limbs are articulated.
Tu´ber-cle. [L. tuber, a bunch.] A small push, swelling, or tumor, on animal bodies.
Tu-ber-os´i-ty. The state of being knobbed or protuberant.
Tym´pan-um. [L.] The middle ear.
Ul´na. [L.] A bone of the forearm.
Ul´nar, Ul-na´ris. Relating to the ulna.
U´ric. [Gr. ουρον, ouron, urine.] An acid contained in urine, and in gouty concretions.
U-ve´a. [L. uva, a grape.] Resembling grapes. A thin membrane of the eye.
U´vu-la. A soft body, suspended from the palate, near the aperture of the nostrils, over the glottis.
Vac´cine Vi´rus. [L. vacca, a cow, virus, poison.] Pertaining to cows; derived from cows.
Valve. Any membrane, or doubling of any membrane, which prevents fluids from flowing back in the vessels and canals of the animal body.
Val´vu-la, -æ. A valve.
Vas´cu-lar. [L. vasculum, a vessel.] Pertaining to vessels; abounding in vessels.
Vas´tus. [L.] Great, vast. Applied to some large muscles.
Veins. Vessels that convey blood to the heart.
Ve´nous. Pertaining to veins.
Ven´tri-cle. [L. venter, the stomach.] A small cavity of the animal body.
Ven-tric´u-lar. Relating to ventricles.
Ver-mic´u-lar. [L. vermiculus, a little worm.] Resembling the motions of a worm.
Verm-i-form´is. [L. vermis, a worm, and forma, form.] Having the form and shape of a worm.
Vert´e-bra, -æ. [L. verto, to turn.] A joint of the spinal column.
Vert´e-bral. Pertaining to the joints of the spinal column.
Ves´i-cle. [L. vesica, a bladder.] A little bladder, or a portion of the cuticle separated from the cutis vera and filled with serum.
Ves´ti-bule. [L.] A porch of a house. A cavity belonging to the ear.
Vil´li. [L.] Fine, small fibres.
Vi´rus. [L. poison.] Foul matter of an ulcer; poison.
Vi´tal. [L. vita, life.] Pertaining to life.
Vit´re-ous. [L. vitrum, glass.] Belonging to glass. A humor of the eye.
Vo´lar. [L. vola, the hollow of the hand or foot.] Belonging to the palm of the hand.
Vo´mer. [L. a ploughshare.] One of the bones of the nose.
Zyg-o-mat´i-cus. [Gr. ζυγος, zugos, a yoke.] A term applied to some muscles of the face, from their attachment.