List of Illustrations

[Portrait of the Author] Frontispiece
[A Dasylirion], 1
[Cottonwood], 4
[Cereus Greggii, a small cactus with enormous root], 5
[Fronteras], 7
[Remarkable Ant-hill], 8
[Church Bells at Opoto], 10
[Also a Visitor], 11
[A Mexican from Opoto], 12
[Rock-carvings near Granados], 15
[The Church in Bacadehuachi], 17
[Aztec Vase, Found in the Church of Bacadehuachi], 18
[Agave Hartmani, a new species of century plant], 19
[Ancient Pecking on a Trachyte Boulder one foot square], 20
[In the Hills of Northeastern Sonora], 24
[Adios, Señor!] 27
[View toward the Northwest from Sierra de Huehuerachi], 29
[Our Principal Guide Leaving Us], 32
[A Mule with its Pack of Crates], 33
[The Photographic Mule], 34
[On the Crest of the Sierra], 37
[Apache Monument], 39
[Camp in the High Sierra], 47
[Bringing in Deer], 51
[The Largest Woodpecker in the World], 54
[Distant View of Cupola-shaped Granary in Cave], 58
[Single Wall in Cliff], 61
[Ground Plan of House Groups in Granary Cave], 62
[Cupola-shaped Granary in Cave], 64
[Granary in Tlaxcala], 65
[Bases of Granaries in Cave], 65
[Ground Plan of House Groups in Cave on East Side of the River], 66
[Sandal Plaited from Yucca Leaves], 67
[Heel of a Sandal, Showing Plaiting], 68
[Piece of Wood Showing Drill Mark], 68
[Pendant of Wood], 69
[Implement for Throwing], 69
[Burial Caves in Cave Valley], 70
[A Mummified Body], 71
[Rock Paintings in White on the Inside of a Burial Cave in Cave Valley], 72
[A Trinchera in Cave Valley], 73
[Ancient Cave-dwellings in Strawberry Valley], 75
[Interior View of Cave-dwellings Shown on Page 75], 76
[Exterior View of Cave-dwellings in Strawberry Valley], 77
[Objects Found in Mounds at Upper Piedras Verdes River], 81
[Painting on Rock on Piedras Verdes River], 82
[Figures on Walls of a Cave-house on Piedras Verdes River], 83
[Figure on Rock on Piedras Verdes River], 83
[Hunting Antelope in Disguise], 84
[Casas Grandes], 85
[Ceremonial Hatchet with Mountain Sheep’s Head. From Casas Grandes. Broken], 88
[Earthenware Vessel in Shape of a Woman. From Casas Grandes], 89
[Cerro de Montezuma and the Watch Tower Seen from the South], 91
[Double Earthenware Vessel, from San Diego, with Hollow Connection at Base], 92
[Extension of Designs on Plate I., a], 95
[The Horned Toad Jar, Seen from Above and Below. Plate I., c], 95
[Extension of Designs on Plate I., d], 95
[Extension of Designs on Plate III., e], 95
[Extension of Designs on Plate V., e], 97
[Black Ware, Highly Polished], 97
[Extension of Design on Plate IV., a], 98
[Extension of Design on Plate IV., b], 98
[Extension of Designs on Plate IV., c], 98
[Extension of Designs on Plate IV., f], 98
[Extension of Designs on Plate V., c], 98
[Ancient Cave-dwelling at Garabato], 101
[Part of Cave-dwellings at Garabato], 103
[Design in Red on Second-story Wall], 105
[Piece of Matting from Garabato Cave], 107
[Ancient Cave-houses and Granaries near Aros River], 111
[Tarahumare], 119
[Tarahumare Plough with Wooden Share], 121
[Tarahumare Ploughshare Made of Oak], 122
[Tarahumare Ploughshare of Stone], 122
[Young Southern Pima], 123
[Middle-aged Southern Pima], 124
[Southern Pimas Living in a Brushwood Inclosure], 125
[Pine Cone Serving as a Comb], 127
[Southern Pima Arrow Release], 128
[Small Crosses Placed in a Log in Front of Southern Pima House], 128
[The Waterfall of Basasiachic], 129
[Tarahumare Ploughman], 133
[Ancient Stone Hammer Seen in the Presidente’s Yard], 134
[Tarahumare Indians from Pino Gordo], 137
[Tarahumare Court in Session at Cusarare], 140
[Barranca de Urique], 145
[Our Tarahumare Carriers and the Gobernador], 148
[Tarahumare Men], 149
[Tarahumare Woman], 150
[Necklace of Seeds of Coix Lachryma-Jobi], 151
[Tarahumare Ear-ornament: one seed Coix Lachryma-Jobi at top. Natural size], 151
[Tarahumare Ranch near Barranca de Cobre, showing ploughed fields supported by stone walls], 152
[Tarahumare Ranch near Barranca de Cobre, showing agriculture on terraces], 152
[Tarahumare House near Barranca de Cobre], 157
[Tarahumare House in the Hot Country], 158
[Cappe of Sandstone Pillar, showing effect of erosion], 159
[Tarahumare Family Camping under a Tree], 161
[Inhabited Cave, the Home of a Tarahumare Belle], 162
[The Belle of the Cave], 163
[Side View of Cave on Page 165, Showing Store-houses and Inclosure], 164
[Inhabited Cave, Showing Store-houses, Inclosure, and Extended Floor], 165
[Cave with Wooden Ladder Leading to a Store-room], 169
[Crosses Made from the Natural Growth of Pine-trees in Front of Tarahumare House], 172
[Crosses in Front of Tarahumare House], 173
[Cross], 174
[Tarahumare Store-house of Stones and Mud], 175
[Caves Used as Store-houses], 176
[Tarahumare Store-houses Made of Logs], 178
[Cactus Flowers], 179
[Making Larvae Ready for the Pot], 182
[Gathering Pithaya], 188
[In the Highlands of the Sierra], 194
[Tarahumare Interpreters], 201
[Indian Trail Cut in a Ridge of Tuff], 202
[Pecking on Rock in the Neighbourhood of Norogachic], 203
[Tarahumare Girl from the Neighbourhood of Norogachic], 205
[Pecking on Rock in the Neighbourhood of Norogachic], 207
[Winter Morning in the Sierra], 209
[Dogs of Chihuahua], 216
[Tarahumare Girdles], 219
[Aspect of the Tarahumare Country in Humarisa], 227
[Taking My Baggage Down an Indian Trail in the Barranca de San Carlos], 231
[Tarahumare Woman], 236
[Tarahumare Man], 237
[Usual Crouching Position of the Tarahumare], 238
[Tarahumare Man], 239
[Tarahumares Sunning Themselves], 240
[Tarahumare Girl. The Hair Worn in Mexican Fashion], 242
[Weaving a Girdle], 249
[Patterns of Tarahumare Belts], 249
[Woman Pottery Maker and Some Results of Her Labour], 250
[Tarahumare Pottery from Panalachic], 252
[Basket for Straining Tesvino], 254
[Tarahumare Blanket], 259
[A Tarahumare Call], 260
[Tarahumare Arrow Release], 262
[Tarahumare Baskets], 263
[Tarahumare Girl Carrying Water], 265
[Tarahumare, Showing Mode of Wearing Blanket], 268
[Tarahumare Blankets], 274
[Stone Disk for Playing], 277
[Sticks Used by Tepehuanes for Playing], 278
[Value of the Different Sides of a Knuckle-bone], 278
[Tarahumares Playing Quinze], 279
[Cross Marking the Track of the Foot-runners], 283
[Tarahumares Racing by Torch-light], 285
[Making Wagers at a Foot-race], 288
[Part of Tarahumare Rattling Belt], 290
[Tarahumare Foot-runners, Photographed after the Race], 291
[Tarahumare Women Crossing a Stream in Their Race], 293
[Fork and Wooden Ball Used in Women’s Game], 294
[Stick and Ring Used in Women’s Game], 294
[The Coyote, Canis Latrans], 303
[Tarahumare Shaman’s Rattles], 313
[Rubio, the Shaman], 316
[Rubio, the Shaman, and His Wife at Home in Their Cave], 319
[Shaman Rubio’s Cave, Seen from the Outside], 320
[Rubio, the Shaman, Examining a Man Accused of Sorcery], 324
[Trepanned Tarahumare Skull, Female], 328
[The Beginning of the Rutuburi and the Yumari Dance], 335
[Dancing Yumari], 341
[Sacrificing Tesvino after a Yumari Dance], 345
[Ready to Begin Eating and Drinking after a Night’s Dancing of Rutuburi], 349
[Echinocactus], 357
[Hikuli or Peyote, the principal sacred cacti], 358
[Dry Hikuli], 359
[Shaman’s Notched Stick], 366
[Ancient Notched Sticks], 366
[Tarahumare Women Dancing Hikuli at Guajochic Station], 369
[Mammilaria fissurata], 373
[Shaman Rubio and His Company at a Hikuli Feast. Photographed after a Night’s Singing and Dancing], 376
[Tarahumare Medicine Figure, Mexico], 378
[Ancient Ritualistic Petrograph, Arizona], 378
[Mourning], 380
[View from the North across Barranca de San Carlos, near Guachochic], 392
[Barranca de San Carlos, in its Upper Part], 395
[One of My Companions in Barranca de San Carlos], 397
[The Widow Grinding Corn in Her Camp], 399
[Bow and Throwing-stick for the Fish-spear], 401
[The Amole, a Species of Agave], 402
[Tarahumares on the Rio Fuerte Fishing with Their Blankets], 405
[Pinus Lumholtzii], 409
[Civilised Tarahumare Boy], 417
[Juan Ignacio and His Son, Pagan Tarahumares], 419
[A Tepehuane Family], 423
[Old Log-houses near Nabogame], 424
[Tepehuanes from Nabogame], 427
[Tepehuane Medicine Lodge near Mesa de Milpillas], 432
[A Well-known Tepehuane Shaman], 434
[Salvia elegans, var. sonorensis], 438
[The Flower-spike of the Amole], 439
[Cereus cæspitosus], 440
[Tubar Man], 442
[Tubar Women], 443
[Beads of Burnt Clay, from Tubar Tombs], 444
[Tepehuane Sling made from Maguey Fibre], 458
[Tepehuane Pouch made from Maguey Fibre], 459
[Tepehuane Store-house, near Lajas], 461
[The Musical Bow of the Tepehuanes of the South, and of the Aztecs], 475
[Rattle for Ankle, made from Empty Pods of a Palm], 477
[Cora Men and Women from Santa Teresa], 489
[Cora Pouch, of Unusual Shape, made of Wool. Patterns represent Flying Birds and a row of Deer], 492
[Cora Indians from Mesa del Nayarit], 501
[The Sacred Dancing-place of the Coras, called Towta, the supposed residence of the great Taquat of the East of the same name. Photographed after the Dancing was over], 517
[God’s Eye, made by the Cora Tribe as a Prayer for My Health and Life], 521