The Trill.
The trill is an even alternation,—usually quick,—of two adjacent notes and may be executed on all the notes of the violin. The note played alternately with the principal note may be either a tone or a half tone distant. The trill is made both with and without a turn at the end. The turn is played in one bow with the shake, and at the same speed. Exceptions exist in shakes ending with a full close. In a series of shakes the turn is reserved for the last:—
Various kinds of turns:—
Final shake.
Usually the lower note of the two constituting the trill is taken first. If it is intended that the upper note should begin the trill, it will be indicated by a small note before the principal note:—
The upper note of the trill is always understood to be in accordance with the key. If it is meant to be raised or lowered a semitone, a sharp or flat will be placed over the shake.
Final shake.
To execute the trill evenly, it must first be practised slowly. The finger making the trill must be lifted high, falling upon the string with firmness and elasticity, so that it is again lifted high. The bow meantime passes lightly over the string. The trill is studied upon every note in both tones and semitones.