INDEX.

LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS.

Am., American; Ass., Association; Br., British; co., cobra; Con., Convention; cons., constrictor; cro., crotalus; cy., cyclopædia; C.M.Z.S., Corresponding Member of the Zoological Society; F.Z., Fellow of the Zoological Society; hist., history; nat., natural; N.Y., New York; py., python; Soc., Society; s., snake; ss., snakes; ser., serpent; v., viper; vs., vipers; U.S., United States; z., zoological; Z.G., Zoological Gardens; Trans., Transactions; Proc., Proceedings.

A

Aberfoyle’ (the barque), sea-ser. seen from, [249].

Abnormal development, of teeth, [67];

of sea-sers., [265], et seq.;

of hair, [302];

two heads, [189].

Abnormal, health in captivity, [84], [440], [450], [457], [565];

gestation, [437], [439], et seq., [459], [466], [505].

Academy of Sciences, Paris, [444].

Acaltetepon, the, [590].

Account, of the Beasts in Virginia’, [280];

of the rattlesnake, [275].

[Acrobats], [181], [196], [198], [214], et seq., [219], [239], [472], et seq.

[Adaptation], of organization, [70], [135];

of habits to temperature, [159], et seq. (see [hibernation]);

of coils, [200], [204];

of ribs in progression, [207];

of form, [215].

Adaptive development, of head bones, [31], [34];

of spine bones, [70];

of windpipe, [132];

of salivary glands, [342], [350], [537], [557];

of teeth, [348], [350], [364], [408].

Adipose tissue, [394].

Admiralty, the, report of a sea-ser. to, [255], [259].

Advance of Ophiology, [3], [21], [75], [81], [191], [273], [353], [363], [372], [443], [485], [515], et seq.

Ælian, an error traced to, [191].

Æsculapius, his remedies, [522].

Africa, range of sea-s., [236].

Air-bladder, the, [262].

Air-breathers, [44], [146], [222], [265].

Air-tube, [132], [135], [137], et seq. (see [glottis], [respiration]).

Albert Nyanza’, the, [358].

Alceste, Voyage of the, [111], et seq.

Alcohol a popular remedy, [548], et seq.

Aldrovandus, [102];

his work, [272].

Alexander the Great, [407] (see [Bucephalus]).

Alligators, [43], [261].

Amazon, the Jararaca, [421];

Wallace’s ‘Travels in’, ib.;

anaconda from, [455].

American Agriculturist’, the, [485].

American Ass. for the Advancement of Science, [485], et seq., [572];

secretary to, [490].

American colonies, the, [284].

American Naturalist’, the, [93], [151], [308], [310], [450], [485], et seq., [490];

editor of, [485] (see [Putnam]).

American sea-ser., [252].

Ammonia an approved remedy, [533], [547].

Amphibia, the, [46].

Amsterdam, py. at, [437].

[Anatomy], of head, [30];

of jaws, [31], [34];

of the spine, [209];

of the rattlesnake, [275].

Anatomy of the Vertebrates’, [67], [119], [131], [143], [147], [180], [184], [196], et seq., [212], [336] (see [Owen]).

Anecdotes of Serpents’, [216], [523].

Animal Biography’, [134].

Animal kingdom, [51].

Animal Physiology’, [147], [210] (see [Carpenter]).

Animal Physiology’ (Roget’s), [120], [195] (see [Roget]).

Animal World’, the, [169].

Animalium Mexicanum’, [190], [590].

Annales des Sciences Naturelle’, [78], [91], [442], [444].

Antennæ of insects, [118], [120], [126], et seq.

Antidotes, [275];

Fayrer’s definition of, [533];

various reputed ones, ib., [534], [539], [547], et seq.

Apodal, ss. are, [206].

Appendages, mythical, [101];

caudal, [172], et seq.;

epidermal, [315];

‘horns’, [320];

crest, [325];

tentacular, [326];

as ‘claws’, ib. (see [rattle], [epidermis]).

Aquatic ss., [53], [145], [150], [174], [221], [225], et seq., [233], et seq., [401], [423], [453], [495], [496].

Arabs chew herbs, [525].

Archeopteryx, [44].

Aristotle, his name for reptiles, [45];

bite of s., [96];

marine ss., [244];

vs., [432], et seq.

Arius, the, [489].

Armadillo, [413].

Association, Am., [485], et seq.

Association, Br., [42].

Atlantic, the, [249];

sea-ss. in, [238];

sea-ser., [252].

Atrophied limbs, [326].

Atter, ætter, [479].

Aunt Judy’s Magazine’, [21], [72], [303], [312], [333], [470].

Aural: powers of anguis fragilis, [476];

apparatus of ground ss., [527].

Australia, s.-hunting in, [167];

sea-s., [236], [246].

Australia, Snakes of’ (see [Krefft]).

Axolotl, [44].

B

Bacon, Lord, quoted, [49], [57];

a poor naturalist, [99].

Bagrus, the, [489].

Baird of U.S. on the bull-s., [502].

Baker, Owen, a sea-ser. seen by, [257], et seq.

Baker, Sir Samuel: v. fangs, [357].

Balance of Nature, [17], [57].

[Balfour]’s ‘British India’, [74], [76], [86].

Balfour’s ‘Cyclopædia of India’, [86].

Bancroft, H. H., ser.-worship, [514].

Banks, Sir Joseph, action of ribs, [207];

letter to Waterton, [418].

Bard of Avon, the, [97].

Bartlett, Mr. A. D., on the sea-ser., [255], [261], et seq.;

presenting a v., [322];

buying an anaconda, [455].

Barton, Benjamin Smith, on the Cro., [299].

Bartram (Mr., of U.S.): a ‘roaring’ s., [155];

‘cluster of teeth’, [371].

Bates (H. W.): a cannibal s., [39];

Jararaca, [421].

Batrachia, the, [51].

Battues of ss., [286], et seq., [289].

Beal (J. W., of U.S.): sound of the rattle, [309].

Beaufort, Duke of (A.D. 1709), [173].

Beaumont and Fletcher, quotation from, [487].

Beauvoir, Palisot de, his testimony, [488].

[Bell], Prof. Thomas, [4];

food of ring-s., [74];

his tame s., [76];

his ‘British Reptiles’, ib.;

a trustworthy herpetologist, [78];

ss. drink, ib., [91];

editor ‘Zoological Journal’, [140];

on anguis fragilis, [453];

gestation of anguis fragilis, [466];

sloughing of anguis fragilis, [481];

the maternal refuge, [493].

Bellowing s., [155], et seq.

Ben Jonson, [99].

Bengal, Bay of, range of sea-ss., [236].

Berkeley; rattlesnake remedies, [538].

Beverley, Colonel: a stinging tail, [174];

his ‘History of Virginia’, [281];

a severed head biting, [390].

Bezoar, [523].

Bibron, [80] (see Duméril).

Bingley, a boa feeding, [134].

Blackie’, [458], et seq.

Bladder, the swim-, [145].

Blake (Colonel, of Virginia), a rattlesnake, [284].

Blanket, swallowed, [35];

disappointing, [588].

Blowing: the, vi. 152;

as ‘puffing’, [148];

like a bull, [155].

Bluets, [65].

Bond, Rev. H., his testimony, [491].

Bones: of the head, [30];

intermaxillary, [31];

of spine, [178], [198], [213];

in Deirodon, [67];

of tail, [183];

of ‘claw’, [220] (see [jaw], [vertebræ], [tails], etc.).

Bonnat, [228], [383].

Borneo, Crotalidæ in, [386].

Boston, U.S., sea-ser. off, [251].

Buffon, [197];

his era, [383].

Bourbon, Isle of, py. incubating in, [444].

Bournemouth, lizards at, [164];

a capture, [458].

Bourrelets, of the rattle, [304].

Bowerbank, a two-headed s., [190].

Braden, J. G., Esq.: specimens of rattle, [306].

Brazil, tree s. in, [219];

‘Discourse’ of, [271];

names of Crotalidæ, [277];

specimens from, [339], [360];

Jararaca in, [396];

‘Travels’ in, [397];

experiments in, [406];

vernaculars of, [419], [423], et seq.

[Breathing]: irregular, [142], et seq.;

sometimes partial, [144];

suspension of, [145], [161], [168], [253];

as ‘puffing’, [149], [155] (see [hibernation], [respiration]).

Bridgewater Treatise, [120].

British Ass., [42].

British Guiana, Hist. of, [420].

British India (see [Günther], [Fayrer], [Balfour], [Nicholson], etc.).

[British] Museum, [19], [131], [291], [377], [405], [418];

Dr. Günther’s catalogue of ss. at, [354].

British Reptiles’ (Bell’s), [76], [140], [453] (see [Bell]).

Brittain, Mr., evidence of, [504].

Broderip, Dr. J., a naturalist, [113];

his works, ib.;

on the larynx, [135];

quoted by Gosse, [112];

observations by, [134], et seq.

Browne, Sir Thomas: ‘Vulgar Errours’, [171];

a two-headed s., [191];

the maternal refuge, [487].

Bruton, Dr. Lauder, [552].

[Buckland], Frank: his visit to Chelsea, [13];

a ‘flannel sausage’, [36];

the Coronella, [83], [435];

a waggish s., [104];

a mistake of, [115];

sensitiveness of tail, [183];

a sea-s., [238];

a ribbon fish, [250];

sea-ser., [255], et seq., [264];

two-headed s., [189];

reserve fangs, [346];

s. eggs, [437];

anaconda, [455];

invited, [464];

obituary notice of ‘Cleo’, [515].

Bull -frog, [156].

Bullen, George, Esq., of Br. Museum, [19].

Bulletin, U.S., Zoological ‘Reports’, [291], [309], [388].

Burman coast, sea-ss. range, [238].

Burrowing ss., [46], [53], [188], [459], [468].

C

Caledonia, New, sea-ss. at, [238].

Cannibalism, [37], [182], [199], [401], [562];

sometimes unintentional, [38], [572];

common among the Elapidæ, [567], [571].

Cañons, ss. in, [162].

[Cantor], Dr. Theodore, sea-ss. drinking, [82];

quotes Schlegel, [90];

tongue of sea-ss., [125];

sea-ss. asleep, [169];

on pelagic sers., [235];

their poison, [243];

their food, [245];

number of species, [246].

Cape, the, sea ser. at, [252], [259].

Capybara, the, [229].

Carbolic acid, kills ss., [544];

a remedy for the venom, ib.

Carinate scales, [319] (see[keel]’).

Carolina, History of’ (see [Lawson]).

Carolina, Natural History of’ (see [Catesby]).

[Carpenter], Dr., F.R.S., etc., links and transitions in nature, [44];

his opinion of Bacon, [99];

lungs of ss., [143];

hibernation, [165];

length of spine, [210];

insalivation of food, [352];

vegetable protectives, [539].

Carver, Jonathan, a ‘blowing’ s., [153];

large swarms of ss., [225];

the maternal refuge, [487].

[Catesby], Mark: an egg robber, [63];

the ‘blowing v.’, [152];

‘Horn ss.’, [174], [189];

‘water vs.’, [226];

rattle-ss., [284];

‘hog-nosed’ ss., [410];

Indian remedies, [538].

Catlin, George, rattlesnake battues, [287];

an alarm, [391];

conjugal ss., [502];

Indian superstitions, [509].

Cats, their whiskers as feelers, [124];

tenacious of life, [559];

resist venom, ib.

Caudal, eloquence, [155], [179], [311], [587];

appendages, [170], et seq. 174 (see [tail], [rattle], etc.).

Caverns, the retreat of ss., [287], [443].

Caves, sacred, [509];

abode of ss., [124], [162], [166], [288].

Centipedes, legs of, [212].

Ceylon, History of’ (see [Tennant]).

Chalk epoch, [262].

Challenger’, voyage of the, [262].

Chambers: ‘Anecdotes of Serpents’, [216], [523];

editor of the ‘Journal’, [23];

observations at the Z.G., [217];

the ‘Miscellany’, [523].

Chancery, ss. in, [13], [515].

Chandernagor, travels in, [444].

Charas, Moyse: his work, [273];

he ‘grovels’ for fangs, [359], [372];

experiments on vs., [371];

a ‘nursery’ of fangs, ib.;

knew of the mobility of fangs, [372].

Charming, Sir H. Sloane on, [281];

its origin, [515], et seq., [578], [585] (see [fascination]).

Charms, [281];

in s. relics, etc., [509], et seq.

Chase, a, with a s., [214].

Chased by a s., [185].

Chateaubriand’s descriptions of ss., [153], [175], [197], [307];

the maternal asylum, [487].

Chelonia, [51].

Chelsea, tame ss. at, [13], [27], [515], [525].

Chicago, observations at, [496].

Chimaphila, [65].

Chinese mythologies, [509].

Chittagong, rare beast from, [261].

Chordæ vocales, [147].

Circulation of blood, [56];

checked by cold, [161];

renewed by warmth, ib.;

moisture essential to it, [162] (see [hibernation], [respiration], etc.).

City of Baltimore’, the, sea sers. seen from, [249].

Clarke’s translation of Der Hoeven’s ‘Handbook of Zoology’, [118].

[Classification], [50];

at present defective, [51];

five principal groups of ss., [53];

by dentition unsatisfactory, [354], et seq.;

difficulties occurring in, [413], [421];

Krefft on, [423] (see nomenclature).

Clayton, Mr. J., the ‘tayle’ of rattlesnakes, [280].

Climbing, [180], et seq., [196], [214], et seq., [230];

of sea-ss., [238];

of Anguis fragilis, [475], [482].

Cockburn versus Mann, [13].

[Coiling], the, [48];

in constriction, [29], [203];

of tail, [182], [587];

in convolutions, [185];

for a spring, [198];

to substitute hands, [199], et seq., [206];

swiftness of, [200];

flexibility of, [218];

of the sea-ser., [257];

of Heterodon, [409], [570];

in repose, [447], [587];

of ‘Lizzie’, [472], [478];

of Natrix, [569];

of the Lacertines, [571] (see [constriction]);

before striking, [573].

Cold; ss. affected by, [143], [159], [165], [584], et seq.

Cold-blooded, [56];

why so, [142], [146], [159] (see [hibernation], etc.).

Colours of ss., [10];

under excitement, [153], [572];

of tree ss., [219], [386];

of rattlesnakes, [270], [285];

of African vs., [321], [338], et seq.;

of ‘Bushmaster’, [417], et seq., [426];

variable in young ss., [424];

in other ss., ib.;

after moulting, [508] (see [sloughing]).

Combats between ss., [37], [199], [563].

Congress (U.S.), Government Commissions, [199], [376].

[Constriction], [29], [199], [203], [214], [245];

of young boas, [216], [439], [446];

sometimes feeble, [583].

Constrictors, [14], [35], [38], [135], [141], [182], [198], et seq., [213], et seq., [258], [336], [438], [446], [454], [583].

[Convention], a, of ss., [104];

U.S. on ss., [485], [505], [552], [572].

Cooke, M. C., ‘Our Reptiles’, [491];

editor ‘Science Gossip’, ib.;

a herpetologist, ib.

Cooper, W. R., ‘Serpent Myths’, [514].

Cope, Professor, of U.S., [386].

Cotton, Dr., of Tennessee, his rattlesnake, [298].

Coues, Dr. Elliott, of U.S., a combat, [199];

sound of the rattle, [309];

development of rattle, [312];

action of fangs, [362];

cro. fang, [376], et seq.;

species of cro., [386];

virulence of bite, [390];

pigs not exempt, [394].

Council of Z. Soc., [78], [322].

Cows sucked by ss., [84], [478].

Coypu, [229].

Cragin, Mr. F. W., on Heterodon, [450].

Cranberry swamps, the Massasauga, [393].

Crepitaculum caude, the, [294].

Crispe, Dr. Edwards, F.Z.S., on the œsophagus, [490];

the maternal refuge, ib.

Crocodilia, the, [51], [261].

Crotalina, [292].

Crotalum, [292].

Crotchets mobiles, [353], [362].

Cruden, s. poison, [102].

Cruelty, [17], [169], [206], [321], [469].

Curiosities of Natural History’ (see [Buckland]).

Cuvier; his classification, [46];

his ‘boa’, [47];

he distinguished fangs, ib.;

his era, [90], [383];

quoted by Darwin, [176];

his ‘vs.’, [353];

incubation, [434], [456].

Cyclopædia of Anatomy’, [118]

Cyclopædia of India’, [86].

Cyclopædia, the Penny’, [113], [120].

D

Dahomey,

ser. deities at, [514];

natives fearless of vs., [523].

Dalton, the ‘Bushmaster’, [420].

Danish vernaculars, [479].

[Darwin]; complex organisms, [44];

cro. mutus, [176];

a living fossil, [244];

the Platypus, [263];

survival of the fittest, [267];

on the rattle, [311];

atrophied limbs, [326], [452].

Daudin, [353], [383], [488].

Davidson, Mr. (R. N.), a sea-ser., [251].

Davis’ Lectures at the Z. G., [24], [51], [214], [413] (see [Flower], [Huxley], [Mivart]).

Dean, Dr., a sea-ser. seen by, [249].

Deccan Days’, [517] (see [Frere, Miss]).

Deer kill rattlesnakes, [394].

Deglutition; manner of, [30], [111], et seq., [132];

facilitated by saliva, [35], [109], [113];

in drinking, [92], et seq.;

Schlegel on, [362];

watched at the Z. G., [581], et seq.

De Kay; ‘Zoology of N.Y.’, [85].

Demerara, ‘Bushmaster’ there, [423].

[Dentition], [34];

of Deirodon, [67], et seq.;

of sea-ss., [241];

of sea-ser., [266];

various forms of, [342], et seq.;

distinguishing names in, [347];

illus. of, [349], [355], [356], [360];

not used in classification, [353];

Cuvier’s distinctions, [353];

Günther on, [354];

dentition of Zamenis, [137];

of Xenodons, [400], [404], [408];

of Liophis, [408] (see [fangs]).

Der Hoeven, on the tongue, [118];

on gestation, [435].

Dermis, see [epidermis], [sloughing], etc.

Desquamation, [329] (see [sloughing]).

Development; of poison glands, [535];

of fangs, [356] (see [fangs], etc.).

Digestion;

power of, [36], [69], [352];

assisted by salivary secretions, [352], [557].

Dinornis, [43].

Dinotherium, [43].

Discourse of Brazil’, [271].

[Disgorging], [38];

to facilitate escape, [36], [39], [61];

compulsory, [36], [38];

from terror, [61].

Dissection;

of a rattlesnake, [275], et seq.;

of Xenodon, [405].

Dog-teeth, [347], [369], [370] (see fang).

Doubleday, H., Esq., important evidence, [491].

Drachen, [48].

Dracon, ib.

Dracunculi, [196].

Dragon, [48], [101].

Drevar, George, a sea-ser. seen by, [257].

Drink, Do ss.? 76, et seq.

Drinking; 76, et seq.;

frequently, [79], et seq., [83];

die without, [89];

milk, [76], [85], [88], et seq.;

lured by milk, [76], [87];

two methods of, [80];

by suction, ib., [92];

by lapping, [89], [93] (see [milk]).

Drosera, [458].

Drummond, Lieutenant (R.N.), sea-ser. seen by, [260].

Dublin University Magazine’, [21], [312], [333].

Du Chaillu: ‘whistling’ ss., [154];

his Wild Life, [186].

Dudley, Paul: on the cro., [281];

a long rattle, [302].

[Duméril]: much quoted, [3];

Professor d’Erpétologie, [78];

py. drinking, [80];

on Schlegel, [90];

the tongue, [122], et seq.;

glottis, [136], [157], [222];

la languette, ib., [138];

hissing, ‘soufflement’, [147], et seq., [157];

quotes Linnæus, [161];

absorption of heat, [164];

physical feats of ss., [181];

anaconda, [228];

its spots, [338];

the rattle, [303];

cro. does not hiss, [313];

system of dentition, [347];

species of vs., [374];

les fossettes, [384];

tail of Lachesis, [387];

species of cro., [388];

the Jararaca, [427];

Python bivitatus, [444], et seq.

Duncan, Professor Martin, [376], et seq.

E

Echidnine, [534].

Edentata, [413].

Edentulous, [67], [414].

Effeldt, Rudolph; observations of the tongue, [124].

Egg: producers, ‘insects’, [43];

covering, [432], [433], [435], et seq. (see [incubation], [oviparous], [ovoviviparous], etc.).

Eggs of ss., [78], [431];

produced by pys., [437], [442], et seq., [446], [449];

by boas, [449], et seq.;

by anaconda, [456];

by anguis fragilis, [462], et seq.;

by other ss., [431], [433], [435], [437], [440], et seq.

Eggs; of birds food of ss., [59], [63], [66], [430];

swallowed whole, [60], et seq.;

sometimes disgorged, [62], [69];

passed entire, [61], [69];

‘sucked’, [70];

food of lizards, [71], [591].

Egypt, History of’, [96];

sculptures of, [508];

jugglers in, [523];

ser. deities in, [172], [511];

myths of, [514];

charmers, [515], [523];

antidotes in, [525].

Electric fluid, [161].

Elementary Lessons in Physiology’, [121], [303] (see [Huxley]).

Elsie Venner’, [301].

Elwes, Mr. A. T., artist, [25], [516];

a witness, [185].

Emblems, [101], et seq., [172], [272], [509], et seq., [518].

Embryo, [435], [448], [451], [462], [466].

Emmons’ ‘Nat. Hist. of N.Y.’, [85].

[Emotions];

feeble, [56], [159], [161];

expressed by the tail, [177], [179], et seq., [183];

by the ribs, [150], [328].

Encyclopædias, as books of reference, [90];

perplexing, ib., [418];

errors in, [362], [418].

Encyclopædia of Anatomy;’ the tongue, [118];

incubation, [434].

Encyclopædia Metropolitana;’ the ‘Bushmaster’, [420].

Endurance, powers of, [124], [166], [168], [321], [457], [489].

[Epidermis]; expansile, [30];

scales of, [46], [193], [316];

illustrated, [316];

magnified, [317];

head-shields, [318];

carinated, [319];

‘horns’, [320], [323];

developments of, [325], et seq.;

casting or sloughing, [329], et seq.;

the process watched, [333], [481];

health affected by, [329], [337];

patterns of skin, [338], et seq., [517];

illustrated, [339], [340].

Epiglottis, [132] (see [glottis]).

Erie, Lake, U.S., swarms of water ss., [226];

and of rattlesnakes, [289].

Erpétologie Générale’ (Suites de Buffon), [80], [122], [136], [147], [157], [161], [164], [181], [223], [305], [313], [384], et seq., [427], [444] (see [Duméril]).

Essai sur la Physionomie des Serpents’, [35], [77], [182];

translation of, [3], [209], [356], [363] (see [Schlegel]).

Essequibo, rambles in, [419].

Estivation, [162].

Evolution, [70], [132], [314], [327];

in fangs, [342], [350], [364].

Ewart, Dr., his experiments, [552].

Expansion: of the throat, [31];

of jaws, ib.;

of the skin, [30];

of the ribs, [150], [328].

Expedition to the Zambesi’, [230].

Expedition; U.S. Explorations, [162], [291], [376].

Experiments; on vs., [273], [281], [321];

on the fangs, [369], et seq., [377], et seq.;

in s. venom, [534], [535], et seq.;

in antidotes, [537], et seq.

Explorations, U.S., [162], [291], [309].

Eye of ss., [285], [328], et seq., [337], [350];

watching, [581], et seq.;

easily injured, [586].

Eye covering, [328], et seq.

F

Fabulous; animals, [101];

tongues, [102], [103];

ideas of reptiles, [511].

Fairie Queen’, the, [486].

[Fangs]; Cuvier’s distinction, [47], [353];

of sea-ss., [241], [266];

early experiments with, [274], [281];

mobility of early, described, [278], [283], [369], et seq.;

a means of defence, [311], [516];

functional pair, [345], [364], et seq.;

construction of, [356];

the ‘slit’, involution, [356], [358], [372];

illus. of, [356];

diversities of, [357];

succession of, [346], [350], [363], [372], et seq.;

action of, [370];

specially described, [377], et seq.;

a hypodermic syringe, [364], [379];

control of, [375];

fixed and moveable, [362];

reserve or supplementary, [366];

shedding of, ib., [376];

exquisite finish, [358];

illus., [349], [355], [356], [360];

fangs of young vs., [360], [361];

of young cos., [361];

of Xenodons, [403], [408];

of Heterodon d’Orbignyi, [409];

of Bucephalus, [407];

of Ring Hals, [582].

[Fascination], Sir Hans Sloane on, [281];

investigated, [527], et seq.;

conclusions, [531].

Fat; abundant in ss., [165];

absorbed during hibernation, ib.;

an article of commerce, [286];

a remedy, [522], [541];

protective to pigs, [394].

Fatalists in India, [22], [511], [513], [540], [555].

[Fayrer], his Thanatophidia, [5], [19];

ss. eat eggs, [62], [63];

swallow them whole, ib.;

drink milk, [87];

Echis carinata, [150];

prehensile tails, [177];

sea-ss., [236];

Enhydrina, [238];

illus. of scales, [240];

bite of sea-ss., [241], et seq.;

sloughing of co., [332];

illus. of dentition, [349], [355], [356];

fangs of young cos., [361];

renewal of fangs, [364];

in vipers, [365];

vibratile fangs, [375];

the Crotalidæ, [386];

‘Bushmaster’, [422];

vernaculars of India, [425];

cos. incubating, [442];

maternal affection, [503];

Hindû superstitions, [512];

what an antidote is, [533];

virulence of Echis venom, [537];

of co. venom, [554], et seq.;

effect of strychnine, [543];

carbolic acid and creosote, [544];

how to deal with the bites, [545], et seq.;

gift of cos. to the Z. Soc., [563].

Fear; a strong feature in ss., [387], [412], [471], [517], [565], [574], [578], et seq.;

paralyzing effect of, [529];

causes a bitten victim to succumb, [536], [544], [558].

[Feeding]; mode of, [28], et seq., [133], [199], et seq., [528] (see [Friday, notes from the Z.G.]).

Feeling; expressed by tail, [155], [158] (see [tail]);

by the tongue, [126] (see [tongue]);

by sound, [526];

vibration, ib.

Feigning death, [411], [412].

Ferguson, ‘Tree and Serpent Worship’, [513].

Fernandez, ‘Animalium Mexicanum’, [190], [279], [590].

Festivals to snake deities, [63], [74], [511].

Fetish customs and superstitions, [514].

Fiction; ss. of, [41], [50], [101];

tongues of, [94], [97], [102].

Fish; lizard, [44];

experiments with, [243];

ribbon, [250];

supposed sea-sers., [251], [255], et seq.;

living at great depths, [262];

carrying their eggs, [489].

Fissure, the gular, [328].

Fistulous teeth, [280].

Fitzinger, [383].

Flappers, [255], et seq., [267].

Flattening; of head, [410];

of body, [215], [216], [217], [411].

Floods, ss. carried down by, [230], [231], et seq.

[Florence]; Redi on vs., [273];

experiments at, ib., [275];

Fontana at, [368], [370], [372];

‘knowing physicians’ at, [273], [556];

the ‘Florentine philosopher’, Redi, [555].

[Flower], Prof., on Armadillos, [413].

Follicles, secreting, [384].

Fontana, Felix, structure of fangs, [368];

prior observations, [370];

earlier experiments, [274].

Food; often declined, [62], [83], [460], [566], [567];

sometimes disgorged (see [disgorged], [feeding], [constriction], [Z.G.], etc.).

Forbes, Alexander K., co. guardians, [511].

Forbes, F. E., ‘The Dahomeans’, Fetish deities, [514];

natives fearless of vipers, [523].

Forms; sectional, of ss., [215];

of scales, [337] (see [epidermis], [scales], etc.).

Forsyth, Mr. D. M., saw a ‘monster’, [255].

Fosse; the gular, [328];

nasal, [385], et seq. (pit.).

Fossil forms, [42], [44];

anomalous, [263];

living ones, [244].

Fraxinius Americanus kills rattlesnakes, [541].

French, early naturalists, [4], [273], [383].

[Frere], Miss, ‘Old Deccan Days’, [513], [517].

Fresh -water ss., [55], [224], et seq.

Friar, a, of Brazil, [271] (see [Purchas]).

Friar, a, of Portugal, [271].

[Friday], feeding-day at the Z.G., [38], [94], [138], [585], et seq. (see [Z.G.]).

Frogs; food of ss., [28], et seq.;

gigantic, at sea, [256];

sometimes reappear, [489];

de profundis, [504].

Functions retarded, [431], [434], et seq., [497].

G

Galileo, [480].

Gall a remedy for bites, [284].

Gambia, Lepidosiren of, [244].

Ganges, sea-ss. climbing, [239].

Gape of ss. wide, [31], [378].

Gardens, Zoological, of London, [10], [16], etc. (see [Z.G.]).

Garnett, Richard, Esq., of the Br. M., [25].

Gastric juice, [489].

Gatty, Mrs. Alfred, [21].

Gautier, Prof., his experiments, [556].

Generall Historie of Virginia’ (John Smith, 1632), Indian beliefs, [272].

Geographical Distribution of Animals’, A. R. Wallace, [382].

Geophagus, the, [489].

Gesner, his ‘Historia Animalium’, [102], [272].

[Gestation]; period of uncertain, [431], [434], [457], et seq.;

depends on temperature, [458], [466].

Gigantic; worms, [45];

gooseberry, [254];

developments, [251], [261], [266].

Gilmore, Parker, water vs., [227];

‘puff adders’, [501].

Gill, Prof., on the maternal refuge, [489].

Gills retained through life, [44], [244].

[Glands], salivary, [35], [109], et seq., [113], [350], [352], [536], [556], [560];

of the Heloderm, [590].

[Glottis]; position of, [133], [136];

sheath of, [137];

of water ss., [223];

how far extended, [140].

Glyphodon, [347].

Goode, Prof. Browne, on the maternal refuge, [485], et seq., [498], [572].

[Gosse], Philip H., [5], [9];

in Jamaica, [63], [187];

how ss. drink, [90];

quotes M’Leod, [112];

the tongue, [120];

ss.’ power of springing, [186];

on the sea-ser., [248];

the ‘Bushmaster’, [419];

Chilobothrus, [449], et seq.;

vegetable antidotes, [525].

Gossip, [94], [105], [321], [480], [585].

Gradations; in teeth, [342], [348];

in fangs, [350], [360];

in length of jaw, ib.;

in glands, ib.;

in venomous secretions, [408].

Grasshopper, a ‘reptile’, [43].

Gray, Dr. E., [5];

quotes Schlegel, [90];

on the tongue, [118];

species of cro.[, [291];

ed. of ‘Zoological Miscellany’, [385];

his work, [383], [427];

Jararaca, ib.

Gray, Captain David, on the sea-ser., [255], [264].

Green, Joseph H., muscles of the larynx, [141].

Green, Mr., collector at Bournemouth, [461].

Greenland, sea-ser. off, [251].

Grooved; scales, [320];

teeth, [225], [347], [356], et seq.;

of Heloderm, [590];

fangs, [348], [361].

Grosvenor Gallery, [117].

Ground -snakes, [53], [54], [187], et seq., [458], [479].

Grovelling for fangs, [359], [372], [378].

Gular; teeth, [67], et seq.;

illus. of, [68];

fissure, [328].

Gullet; of Deirodon, [67], et seq.;

position of, [133], [415].

Gunpowder used for bites, [543], [544], [546].

[Günther], Dr. Albert, F.R.S., etc., of the Br. M., [5], [24];

deglutition, [30];

Br. M. collection of snakes, [50];

his five groups, [53];

ss. require water, [89];

Schlegel an authority, [90];

abundant saliva, [109];

on the tongue, [118];

vibrating tails, [177];

burrowing forms, [188];

a mistake of Schlegel, [209];

fresh-water ss., [222], [224];

sea-ss., [235], [237], [240];

a semi-pelagic s., [243];

the epidermis, [315];

names of head-shields, [316];

illus. ib., [318];

a friend in need, [322];

on dentition, [354];

the Xenodon, [400];

a poser, [405];

on the venom, [536].

Gurney, Mr. T. H., [491];

the maternal refuge, [492].

H

Hakluyt’s voyages, [99], [271], [276].

Halford, Prof.: a vain search, [405];

disclaims an ‘antidote’, [533];

his experiments, [547];

explanations, ib.;

‘On the Condition of Blood from Snake-bite’, [548];

approves of stimulants, [547], [550].

Halifax, sea ser. off, [251].

Hall, Captain, dissection of rattlesnake, [370].

Hardwicke’s ‘Science Gossip’, ed. of, [491];

evidence, [492].

Harrison, Captain, R.N., describes a marine animal, [251].

Harting, J. E., F.Z.S., etc., [411].

Hartwig, Geo., ‘Tropical World’, [418].

Haynes, Lieutenant, R.N., describes a gigantic anomaly, [255].

Hayward, S., Esq., viper-swallowing evidence, [493].

Hayward’s Heath; hibernating ss. found, [166].

Head; expansile, [30];

double, [189], et seq.;

shields of, [315], et seq.;

illus., [316]-18;

forms, [318], [319];

generic characters of, [319], [383], et seq., [427];

appendages of, [320] (see [horns], etc.).

Hebrides, sea-ser. off, [251].

Hellmann, [5];

on the tongue, [120].

Heloderm, the, [590], et seq.

[Hernandez], [271];

double-headed s., [190] (see Fernandez), [279], [591].

Herpetology, confusion in, [45];

derivation of, [47].

[Hibernation]; character of, [159];

convenience of, [160];

analogy in vegetation, [161];

renewal of vitality after, [162];

when partial, [163];

when fatal, [165];

fat absorbed during, [165];

in communities, [166];

seasons of, [168];

of sea-ss., [169];

of slow-worms, [461], [468].

Hindû; superstitions, [22], [425], [509], [511], et seq., [517], [555];

eggs sacred offerings of, [74], [86];

vernaculars, [425];

transliteration, [429].

Hissing, [148];

prolonged, [149];

exceptions in, [150], [313];

variations in, [147], [153], et seq., [158].

Histoire Naturelles’ (Daudin), [488].

Historiæ Rerum’, etc. (Marcgravius), [397].

History of British Guiana’ (Dalton), [420].

History of Egypt’ (F. Holt Yates), [96].

History of Selborne’, [490].

History of Virginia’ (Col. Beverley, 1722), [174], [281].

[Holbrooke], Dr. J. E., of the U.S.A., ss. like milk, [86];

on the Bull s., [155];

‘thorn tail s.’, [175];

battues of rattlesnakes, [289];

length of the rattle, [301];

on Heterodon, [412].

[Holland], Mr., keeper at the Reptilium; ss. drink often, [91];

ss. don’t ‘lick’, [110];

ss. sloughing, [334];

bitten, [438];

in danger, [448] (see [Z.G.]).

Holmes, Oliver Wendell, ‘Elsie Venner’, a tradition, [301].

Holodontes, [347].

Home, Sir Everard; action of ribs, [207];

the scutæ, [213], [217].

Hood, the, of co., [31], [327], [517].

[Horns]; of vs., [315];

sloughed, [320];

peculiar action of, [323] (see [epidermis]).

Horrid’, [592];

original signification of, ib.

Howe, ‘History of Ohio’, [191];

battues of ss., [289].

H.R.H. the Prince of Wales, [22];

co. performances in India, [87].

Humboldt, antitoxic plants, [539].

Hunter, St. Jno. Dunn, rattlesnake testimony, [488].

Hutchinson, Mr. H. F., progression of ss., [216].

[Huxley], Prof., F.R.S., etc., prehistoric man, [42];

smell and taste, [121];

locomotion of ss., [196];

a beautiful bit of anatomy, [211];

growth of nails, [303];

on evolution, [327];

‘eyelids’ of ss., [329];

teeth, [342];

perfection of fang, [364];

a hypodermic syringe, ib.

Hybrids born at the Gardens, [425], [440].

Hypodermic syringe, [364], et seq.

I

Ichthyic, [244].

Ichthyosauria, [44].

Illustrations; often misleading, [12], [102], [116], [190], [229], [324].

Illustrators, responsibility of, [12], [25], etc.

Imbricated scales, [317], et seq.

Immunity from venom, [523], [524], [538], et seq., [559].

Inadvertent intruder, an, [309].

Inchantments’, [281].

[Incubation] of py., [79], [442], et seq., [434];

early known, [441], [443];

mentioned by Aristotle, [441];

of Jamaica boa, [449], et seq.

India; Prince of Wales in, [22], [87];

superstitions of, [22], [511], et seq., [517], [555].

Indian Ocean; range of sea-ss., [236];

sea-ser. seen in, [256].

Indian snakes’ (see [Nicholson]).

Indian vernaculars, [425].

Indians, N. Am., their traditions, [272], [294], [486], [509];

quick of hearing, [527];

good physicians, [282];

prompt in danger, [391], [544].

Ingenious chirurgeons, [268], [272];

taking the lead in science, [273], [274].

Insalivation of food, [352] (see [glands]).

Insects’, what they were, [43].

Insensibility produced by venom, [577], [590].

Institution, London, Lectures at (see [Huxley], [Ruskin]).

Integument; expansion of, [30];

modifications in, [315], [320], et seq.;

hood of co., [327];

sloughing, [329];

patterns and colouring, [338], et seq. (see [epidermis]).

Intermaxillary, [31].

Intoxication counteracted by venom, [548], et seq.

Iowa, the first rattle, [295];

the whiskey cure, [549].

Ipecacuanha, an approved medicine, [537].

Irritability; of rattlesnakes, [312];

of young ss., [437], [438];

of young slow-worms, [463].

Isodon, [347].

Isodontiens, [347].

Italian, a noble, [278] (see [Redi]).

J

J. J. A.’, shoals of sea ss., [238].

Jamaica, blind worms in, [187] (see [Gosse]).

Japan, Indian Crotalidæ, [386].

Jardin des Plantes, Paris, [165].

Java, Indian Crotalidæ, [386].

Java Naja, a double-headed s., [190].

Jaws, the; six, [32];

sometimes seven, ib.;

action of, [34];

how articulated, [30], et seq.;

widely extensible, [37], [139], [141], [409], [569];

adjustment of, [59], [72], [139];

independent action of, [32], [343];

all furnished with teeth, ib.;

illus. of, [349], [355].

Jesse, [77];

important evidence, [491].

Johnson ‘wrot on Brazile’, [277].

[Jones], Rymer, bulk of ss.’ tongue, [118];

sense of touch, [195], et seq., [198];

pliancy of the spine, [196], [212];

on the rattle, [307];

an inadvertence, [308];

ss.’ eyelids, [329];

incubation, [434], [449].

Jourdan, [414].

Joynts’; of the rattle, [280];

of the jaw, [370].

Juyce of the bag’, [556] (see [salivary], etc.).

K

Kamptee, snakes at home, [501].

Kansas, observations in, [498].

[Keel] -shaped scales, [319];

developed in the Tropidonoti, [320];

derivation, [223], [320];

elaborated in viperine, [317], [320], [374], [421], [426];

illus. of, [176], [193], [317].

Keeper at the Z.G. in danger, [39], [589] (see [Holland], [Tyrrell], [Z.G.]).

Kentucky, rattle from, [296].

Killing prey, three ways of, [29] (see [Z.G.]).

Kingdom, animal, [51];

links in, [44], [413].

Kingsley, the Cascobel, [397];

charm of a discovery, [404].

Kingston, a ‘fearful beauty’, [418].

Kirtland, Jared, of Ohio, on increase of ss., [57];

describes the Massasauga, [292], [393];

cro. named from him, ib.

Klein, [353].

Kniuet, Master Anthony, on Brazil, [271].

Knowing Physicians’, experiments, [273], [556].

[Krefft], Gerard: ‘drumming’ ss., [154];

hibernating, [162];

s. hunting, [167];

death adder, [172];

climbing ss., [219];

the Homalopsidæ, [224];

sea-ss., [235];

their length, [237], [246];

on classification, [416], [423].

Krishna, Hindû god, [518].

L

Lacépède, [383];

le rativoro, [228];

la rude, [414].

Lacerda, experiments, [416], [557].

Lacerta agilis, [458].

Laidley worm, the, [117].

Lamarrepiquot, M., incubation, [444].

Landells, J. H., sea ser. seen by, [257].

Lapping, [80], [82], [92], [122];

of lizards, [71], [591];

of anguis fragilis, [89].

Larkes’, how caught, [50].

Larynx, the, [132], [133], [135], [222].

Last Rambles among the Indians’ (Catlin), [289].

Latreille, [161], [383].

Laurenti, [383].

[Lawson], [4];

his ‘insects’, [43], [282];

his ‘reptiles’, [43];

an egg merchant, [63], [182];

milk-drinkers, [86];

‘blowing’ vs., [152];

‘thorn tail’ or ‘horn’ s., [172], [173];

dedication of his work, [173];

water-ss., [226];

the poison teeth, [370].

Leaping, [183], [198].

Leathes, Col., a sea-ser., [252].

Leaves from the Notebook of a Naturalist’ (W. J. Broderip), [140];

boa feeding, [113].

Lectures, the ‘Davis’, [24], [51], [214], [413];

Lond. Inst., [41], [195], [196], [211], [327], [329], [342], [364];

St. George’s Hall, [50], [266].

Lee, H., Esq., on the sea ser., [262], et seq.

Leisure Hour’, the, on snakes, [115], et seq.;

illus., [116].

Lenz, H. O., [5], [25];

s. drinking, [81], [83], [120], et seq.;

on the tongue, [123], et seq.

Lepidosiren, the, [44], [263];

ichthyic characters of, [244].

Letters from Alabama’ (P. H. Gosse), [9].

Lewarn, W., sea-ser. seen by, [257].

Licking, [83], [110], et seq., [117].

Life among the Indians’ (see Catlin), [391].

Life in the South’ (Catherine C. Hopley), [6], [64], [156].

Lightning’, H.M.S., voyages of, [262].

Lilford, Lord, an ophiophilist, [20], [567].

Lincolnshire, ‘larkes’ in, [50].

Linnæus, his systems, [46];

his ‘colubers’, [47];

out of date, [90];

temperature of ss., [161];

his successors, [382];

dumb rattlesnake, [387];

Coluber scaber, [414];

slow-worms, [452].

Liverpool, statements at, [256].

Livingstone, egg-eating ss., [66];

ss. come to drink, [82];

a bleating s., [154];

ss. on board, [230].

Lizards, [71], [453], [458];

Zootica sheltering her young, [491];

the Heloderm, [589].

[Lizzie]’, very thirsty, [89], [481];

her achievements, [459], [471], et seq.;

her wrong names, [471], et seq.;

illus., [472];

in a knot, [478];

two libels, [480];

climbing, [482].

Loades, Mr. Henry (1682), his gift to the R. Soc., [275].

Lockwood, Mr., of U.S., pine s. drinking, [93];

mystic coils, [151];

‘blowing’ s., [155].

Lolo’, a tame snake, [516].

Loomis, Rev. Chauncey, [Convention on Snakes], [489].

Lord, John Keast, [216];

Egyptian jugglers, [523].

Lovering, Prof. Jno., President of the Am. Ass., [485].

Lubbock, Sir Jno., gift of a Heloderm to Z. Soc., [589].

[Lubrication], [35], [92], [108], et seq.

Lubricity, [49], et seq.

Lycodon, [347].

M

Maçeio, a cannibal s. at, [39].

Mackeney on the Am. Indians, [509].

M’Leod, his book, [111];

boa feeding, ib., et seq.

M’Quhæ, Capt. of H.M.S. Dædalus, official report of a sea-ser., [259].

Madagascar, range of sea-ss., [236].

Madras, experiments of Dr. Shortt, [390], [550], [552].

Maine, U.S.A., Am. Ass. held at Portland (see [Convention on Snakes]).

Malacca, marine salamander off, [251].

Malay, Indian Crotalidæ, [386];

antitoxic plants, [539].

Mammals, necks of, [211].

Mann, Mr., pet snakes, [13], [92], [515], [525].

Marcgravius, [272], [276], [397].

Marine fauna, [233] (see [sea-ss.], [sea-ser.]).

Master teeth’, [273], [370], [556].

Maternal; instincts, [290], [431], et seq., [442], [447], [464], [488], et seq.;

affection of ss. witnessed, [442], [448], [450], [491], et seq., [502], [504].

Maternal refuge, [483];

an old belief, [486];

physiologically possible, [489];

examination of evidence, [492];

speculations on, [505].

Maunder’s ‘Treasury of Natural History’, [111].

Maxillary bone (see [jaws], [dentition], etc.).

Maximus and Minimus, [452], et seq.

Mechanism, ‘curious’, [380] (see [spine], [fangs]).

Medical College of London, [275].

Medical Times’, [87], [547].

Meham, member of Am. Con., [489].

Memoirs of Captivity among the Indians’, [488].

Menina’, tame boa, [516].

Merembergius on Brazil, [277].

Merrem, herpetologist, [383].

Mexican; vernaculars, [277], et seq., [423], [590];

rattle, [296];

illus. of, [306].

Mexico, Gulf of, shoals of ss., [231];

ancient temples in, [510];

Heloderm from, [590].

Michigan, Mr. Beal on the rattle, [309];

the Massasauga there, [393].

Milan, experiments at, [280].

[Milk], drinkers of, [76], [86];

saved by, [87].

Mischief; by the tongue, [94], et seq.;

by the tail, [171], et seq., [187];

by stings, ib.;

of delay in a bite, [544], [545].

Mischiefs’, source of, [273], [280], [556].

Missionary Travels (Livingstone), [154], et seq.

Mississippi, the, [295], [549].

[Mitchell], Dr. Weir, of U.S., [5];

his experiments, [291];

vibration of rattle, [312];

replacement of fangs, [364], [375];

capsules of, [378];

rapidity of stroke, [379];

number of species, [388];

expiration, [389];

virulence of bite, [390];

the headless trunk, [391].

[Mivart], Prof., F.R.S., orders of reptiles, [51], [52];

on classification, [413].

Moisture; essential to ss., [162], [166], [224];

to the hatching of eggs, [434], [457].

Monsters, [249], [254], [267].

Monstrosities, [189], et seq., [254], [256], [517].

Moore, Mr., his testimony, [255].

Mouth of ss. (see [jaws], [teeth], etc.).

[Movements], [151], [181], [195], [218], et seq. (see [coiling], [constriction], [swimming]).

Mucous secretions abundant, [36] (see [lubrication], [salivation]).

Müntras, Hindû belief in, [512], [555].

Muridæ, the, [229].

Mus coypus, [229].

Muscles: of the larynx, [141];

of the tail, [180], [182], [183], [587];

in the slow-worm, [472];

of the ribs, [212], [215];

irritability of, [183], [471].

Muscular powers of ss., [38], [181], [199], [202], [204].

Musée d’Histoire, [443], [444].

Museum, Br. (see [Br. M.]).

Museum;

of Paris, [78], [165];

Australian, [246];

of the R.C.S., [24], [408];

of Washington, [488].

Music, ss.’ love of, [525], et seq.

Myopotamus, the, [229].

Mythology, ancient serpent symbols, [508].

N

Nâg, Nâgo, Nâgowa, caste names of India, [513].

National Library, our, [444].

Natter, [479].

Natural History, development of, [272];

at Florence, [368];

in England, [3], [45], [49], [99], [261], [273], [363], [372], etc.

Natural History of New York’, [85].

Natural History of Carolina’ (see [Catesby]).

Natural History of Reptiles’ (Gosse), [90].

Naturalist in Jamaica’ (Gosse), [186].

Naturalist’s Notes from South Africa’, [70].

Naturalist on the Amazon’ (Bates), [421].

Naturall Historie of Serpentes’, [101].

Neck: vertebræ of, [211];

snakes have none, ib.

Neck -toothed ss., [67], et seq.

Netto, Dr., experiments with venom, [557].

Neuwied, [228].

Nevada, incident in, [549].

New Caledonia, sea ss., [231], [238].

New Experiments on Vipers’ (1673), [273], [371].

New Jersey, Lockwood on the pine s., [93].

New York State, battues of rattlesnakes, [289].

Newman, Ed., editor of ‘Zoologist’, [3], [492];

maternal affection of Zootica vivipara, [491].

Newspapers quoted: American, [231], [248], [486];

Country, the, [310], [504];

Dailies, the, [13], [417];

‘Echo’, [247];

‘Field’, the, [20], [61], [83], [164], [237], et seq., [439], [490], [493], [498], [504], [522], [530];

‘Illus. Lond. News’, [247];

‘Knowledge’, [592];

‘Land and Water’, [20], [231], [239], [249], et seq., [254], [261], [399], et seq., [405], [417], [422], et seq., [439], [455], [465], [516], [524], [526], [530];

Liverpool, [256];

‘London General Advertiser’ (1752), [285];

‘Medical Times’, [87], [547];

‘Modern Thought’, [18];

‘Nature’, [217], [249], [267], [329], [474], [536];

‘Times’, the, [232], [520];

Weeklies, [417].

Nicander, his two-headed s., [190].

[Nicholson], Dr. Ed., of Madras: ‘Indian Snakes’, [5];

ss. drinking, [89];

sea-ss., [235];

replacement of teeth, [344], [375];

four stages of development in, [349];

on the maternal refuge, [504];

the Russell’s v., [537];

important statistics, [541];

efficacy of tobacco, [542];

self-inflicted bites, [559].

Nicols, Arthur, Esq., F.G.S. (‘Zoological Notes’), on the tongue, [125];

rattle, [310];

instance of maternal refuge, [504].

Nicotine fatal to ss., [542], et seq.

Nightingale, Mr. W., a cure by alcohol, [551].

Nocturnal, most ss. are, [2], [56], [386], [503].

Noise, not ‘music’, [526], et seq.

Nomenclature, perplexing, [10], [43], [277], [396], et seq.;

why so, [413], [419], [421], et seq., [423] (see [classification], [vernaculars]).

Norfolk, important evidence from, [491].

North -American Herpetology’, [86], [175], [301] (see [Holbrooke]).

Norway, sea-sers. frequent, [251].

Nostrils, ss. breathe through, [139], [143];

opposite the glottis, ib.;

higher in water ss., [223];

vertical in anaconda, [228];

and in sea-ss., [234];

double in the Crotalidæ (see[pit]’).

Nova Animalium Mexicanum’, [590] (see [Hernandez]).

Novum Organum’ (Lord Bacon), [99].

Nubians use antitoxics, [525].

O

Obsolete teachings, [49], [99], [174], [191], [478], etc.

Ocquago, rattlesnake den, [289].

Odontography’, [32], [67], [408] (see [Owen]).

Œsophagus, [67];

gular teeth there, [69].

Ogmodon, grooved tooth, [347].

Ohio; Dr. Kirtland’s observations in, [57], [292], [393];

battues of s., [289];

evidence of the maternal refuge, [496].

Oil; abundant in ss., [165], [286];

of vs., a remedy for their bite, [522], [541].

Oldenlandia, [65].

Oligodon, few toothed, [347].

Ophidarium, the, [16], [61], [163].

Ophidia; divisions of, [46], [51], et seq.;

groups of, [53];

all carnivorous, [56];

and oviparous, ib.;

prejudices regarding, [3], [97], [103], [189], et seq.;

well supplied with teeth, [344];

sub-orders of, [354];

complications in classification, [413].

Ophidiana, s. gossip, [1], [26].

Ophidion, [49];

Ophiodes, ib.

Ophiology;

meaning of, [47];

advance of, [3], [47], [75].

Ophis, the seeing, [48].

Oppel, herpetologist, [383].

Organization of the Animal Kingdom’ (see [Jones]).

Origin of Species’, [263], [311] (see [Darwin]).

Osborne’, the (Royal yacht), marine animal seen from, [252], [254], [261].

[Oviparous], [56], [431], [433], [497] (see [gestation], [incubation], etc.).

[Ovoviviparous], [431], et seq., [505];

exceptional cases, [434], et seq., [449], [462], [505].

[Owen], Professor, F.R.S., etc., [22];

on the jaws, [32];

the Deirodon, [66], et seq.;

the tongue, [119];

the glottis, [131];

lung of ss. 142, et seq.;

chordæ vocales, [147];

prehensile tails, [180];

saltatory motion, [184];

exquisite organization of the spinal column, [196], [336];

ss. are acrobats, [198];

spine of py., [210];

ichthyic characters of the Lepidosiren, [244];

the sea-ser., [254];

the Bucephali, [408].

P

Paca, the, [229].

Pacific, sea-ss. in, [238].

Palæontology, [42], [44].

Palate, armed with teeth, [30], [34], [343], [402];

illus., [355];

two jaws, [343].

Palmer, Dr. E., of the Smithsonian Institute, U.S., important evidence, [488].

Panama, sea-ss. at, [236], [238];

boa from, [438].

Paradox, the, [263].

Paraguay, ss. washed down from, [232];

observations in, [488].

Pauline (the barque): sea-ser. testimony, [251], [256], et seq.

Pearson (Commander of Royal yacht Osborne): report of a gigantic marine animal, [255].

[Pelagic] serpents, [82], [235], [240] (see [Cantor]).

Penny Cyclopædia, [113].

Penny Magazine, [141].

Pepys quoted, [49].

Pernambuco, Xenodons from, [400].

Persia, ‘Travels in’ (Sir R. Ker Porter), [113].

Peru, ‘Travels in’, [419] (see [Tschudi]).

Phares, Dr. D. L., Science Convention on Snakes, [489].

Pharmacopœia, the homœopathic, [556].

Pharynx, [30], [132], [147].

Phené, Sun and Serpent Worship, [514].

[Philosophical] Transactions: first tropical s., [117];

Dr. Tyson on the larynx, [135];

two-headed s., [190];

a porcupine swallowed, [192];

Sir E. Home on progression, [208];

stimulating influence, [273];

anatomy of a rattlesnake, [275];

Vipera Caudisona, [276], et seq.;

Sir Hans Sloane’s experiments, [281];

early observations, [295];

a venerable cro., [302];

sloughing of reptiles, [331];

mobility of fangs, [370];

reserve fangs, [371];

succession of fangs, [373];

how they become fixed, [363];

brooding of eggs, [443].

Philosophical Society, [117].

Physicians, ‘knowing’ ones at Florence, [273].

Physionomie des Serpents’ (see [Schlegel]).

Pilgrimage’, the, of Purchas, [276].

Pipe -fish, the, [489].

[Pit]’, the, of cro.: first observed by Tyson, [277];

its use still undetermined, [381];

a plague to classifiers, [382], et seq.;

‘secreting follicles’ of Owen, [384];

fossettes lacrymales’ of Duméril, [385];

Bothrophidæ named from them, [383];

the Crotalidæ of modern ophiologists, [385].

Pitfield (Captain O. A.): shoals of ss. seen by, [231].

Plate, River, ss. washed down, [232];

vernaculars of, [423].

Platt, Mr., a Florentine enthusiast, [273].

Platypus, the, [263].

Pliny, [84], [96], [168], [189], [196].

Poison, renewed, [351];

‘spouted’, ib.

Poisonous; tongue, [97], et seq.;

teeth (see [fangs]).

Pontoppidan: Bishop, sea-ser. history, [247], [251].

Poojah, [512], [513].

Porcupine; swallowed, [192];

H.M.S., [262].

Porter, Sir R. Ker, sensationalism, [112];

his travels, [113].

Portland, U.S., Convention on Snakes, [485], [506].

Portuguese: the, as colonists, [4], [354];

a friar of, on Brazil, [271];

name for snake, [354].

Prairie Farms’, [227] (see Gilmore).

Prehensile tails, [180], [202], [224];

of sea-ss., [233];

of anaconda and anguis fragilis, [472].

Prey, how caught, [27], [198], [203] (see [Notes from the Z.G.]);

bulk of, [29], [34], [409], [585];

shifted in the mouth, [29];

held by coils, [199], [410].

Prince of Wales in India, [87].

Pringle, Mr. E. H., sea-ss. on shore, [237];

a supposed sea-ser., [249].

[Progression], [54], [213];

by the ribs, [208];

like swimming, [217], [430] (see [movements], [acrobats]).

Psalms, the, [103].

Pseudo -fangs, [403], et seq.

Pseudoxia, or ‘Vulgar Errours’, [171], [191].

Psylli, the, [522].

Pterosauria, [44].

Puffing, [148], et seq.

Pulmonary bag, the, [142].

[Purchas], [271], [369], [397], [428].

[Putnam], F. W., of U.S., editor of the ‘American Naturalist’, [485];

secretary to the Am. Ass., [485];

on the maternal refuge, [486], et seq., [497].

Q

Queensland, species of ss. in, [540].

Questions yet undecided: the use of the rattle, [294];

the ‘pit’, doubles narines, or fosses lacrymales, [381];

‘sleeping’ of ss., [169];

origin of the maternal refuge, [505];

nature of gigantic marine animals, [267].

R

Raleigh, Sir W., [99].

Rambles and Scrambles’ (Sullivan), [419].

Rattells, Indian charms, [272].

[Rattles], their use, [294], [307];

speculations regarding, [308], [311], et seq.;

their age, [296], et seq., [302];

form and colour, [296], [299], et seq.;

structure, [303], [305], et seq.;

Duméril’s conclusions, [313].

Rattlesnake dens, [289], [301].

[Redi]: Osservazione intorno alle Vipere, [372];

knew of the mobility of fangs, ib.

Règne animal, Cuvier, [47].

Relations of the World’, by the Pilgrim Purchas, [270], [369].

Repose; after food, [40], [64];

of sea-ss., [235];

as quiescence, [421], [587];

periodical (see [hibernation]).

Reptiles; how divided, [51];

definition of the name, [206].

Reptiles of British India’, by Dr. A. Günther, F.R.S., of the Br. M. (see [Günther]).

Reptiles, Natural History of’ (see [Gosse]).

Rerum Naturalium Thesauri’ (Seba), [278].

Rervm Natvralivm Braziliæ’ (Marcgravius), [397].

[Respiration]; sometimes partial, [144];

cessation of, [145];

weak, [146];

when feeding, [132], [141];

in sea-ss., [132] (see [glottis], [hibernation], etc.).

Ribbon fish, [249], [250].

Ribs; action of, [207];

number of, [213];

expansion of, [36], [39] (see [emotions], [feeding], etc.);

articulation of, [36], [212];

in progression, [207], [215].

Ricerche fisiche sopra il veleno della Vipere’ (by Felix Fontana, 1761), [368].

Richards, Dr. Vincent, experiments in artificial respiration, [552].

Rocky Mountains, cañons haunts of ss., [162].

[Roget], P. M., quotes Hellmann, [120];

perception of touch in ss., [195];

the spinal column, [210].

Romance of Natural History’ (Gosse), [248].

R.C.S., Museum of, [24], [68], [408], [415].

Royal Family, the, [20].

Royal herpetologists, ib.

[Ruskin], Prof., lecture on ss., [41];

classical names of, [48];

movements, [195], [218].

Russell, Lord Arthur, a herpetologist, [20];

a friend of the Ophidia, ib.

Ruthven, S. S., Esq., of U.S., a large brood of ss., [497].

S

S.’ Captain, bitten by a sea-s., [241].

Saades and Samp Wallahs, the, [515], [522].

Salamanders, [164].

Saleratus an Am. remedy, [553].

Saliva, abundant, [35], [109], [112], [352].

[Salivary] apparatus: of ss. complicated, [35], [109], [350], et seq.;

an aid to digestion, [352].

[Salivation] of prey, [36], [110].

Saltatory actions of ss., [184], [186], [448].

Santos, pelamis bicolor there, [238].

Sao Gabrielle, observations by Wallace, [421].

Sauria, the, [51];

saurians, [71], [327], [331], [590].

Saurophidians, [44].

[Scales]; illus. of, [46], [176], [193], [234], [240], [316], et seq.;

ss. classified by, [46], [316];

size of, [337];

head shields, [316];

ventral, [176], [213] (see [epidermis]).

Sceva, Mr., [365] (see [Fayrer]).

Schlangen und Schlangen Feind’ (H. O. Lenz), [81].

[Schlegel], Herman: his work, [3];

salivary glands, [35];

an authority, [90];

doubts snakes drinking, [77];

power of tail, [182];

vertebræ, [209];

fangs, [362];

involution of, [356];

action of, [363];

translation of his works, [3], [209].

Schliemann, Dr., vegetable antidotes, [524].

Schneck, Dr. J., of U.S., on Heterodon, [412].

Science Gossip, [490], et seq.

Science News, [411].

Sclater, P. Lutley, Esq., F.R.S., Sec. to the Z. Soc., Lond.: the carinate birds, [320];

a communication to, [404];

the brood of boas, [516].

Scorpione, the, [590].

Scutæ, overlapping, [194] (see [scales], [epidermis]).

[Sea] -ss., [233], et seq. (see [Pelagic]).

Sea -sers. hard to identify, [248], et seq.;

gigantic marine forms seen, [251];

most frequent in the North Atlantic, [252];

probable hibernation of, [253];

not necessarily ‘monsters’, [254];

official reports of, [255], et seq.;

Mr. Bartlett on, [261];

speculations, [264], et seq.;

existence still doubtful, [267].

Searle, Mr. E. W., on the brood of young boas, [439].

Seba, a crowing s., [154];

on the anaconda, [228], et seq.;

vernaculars of the rattlesnake, [278].

Seh, Fetish god, [514].

Sensations, complex, [121];

in ss. dull, [56], [161], et seq.

Septic, a, s. venom is, [552].

Serpent: of Cuvier, [47];

of mythology, [48], [102], [508];

‘sting’ of, [49];

Lord Bacon on, ib.;

the name defined, [206];

myths of, [514];

worship of, [2], [513], et seq.;

symbol, ib.

Serpentes’, of Topsell, [43], [101];

of Purchas, [369].

Serpentine movements, [195].

Serpentum Braziliensis’ (Wagler), [383], [427].

Shakspeare, his popularity, [97];

not a naturalist, ib.;

contemporary literature, [99];

quotations from, [100].

Shaler, Prof., U.S., on natural selection, [308].

Shell -breaker, ‘Sunkerchor’, [63].

Shields, [316] (see [scales], [epidermis]).

Shortt, Dr., of Madras, gives milk to snakes, [87];

approves of alcoholic remedies, [550];

claims originality with liquor potassæ, [552].

Silliman’s Journal of Science, [248].

Skeleton, of cobra, [31];

of jaws, [349].

Skin, shedding of (see integument, [epidermis]).

Sleeping after meals, [40];

with open eyes, [64], [169], [421].

Sloane, Sir Hans: ‘Inchantments’, etc., [281];

experiments, [370].

[Sloughing] of lizards, [331], [481] (see [epidermis]).

Smith, Dr. Andrew: egg-eaters, [66], et seq.;

his work, [230];

the Bucephali, [407], et seq.

Smith, a Mr., Coluber smithii, [416].

Smith, Captain John, the rattells, [272].

Smith, Prof. Lawrence, Pres. of the Am. Ass. (see [Convention on Snakes]), [485].

Smith, Sydney J., Esq., U.S., testimony, [438].

Smithsonian Contributions, [364].

Smithsonian Institution, Washington D.C., [488].

Snakes of Australia’ (Krefft), [154], [172].

Snakes, Lectures on (see [Huxley], [Ruskin]).

Snakes: a home for, [61], [592];

groups of, [53];

their place in nature, [56];

length of life, [56];

their uses, [57];

cruel packing of, [169];

powers of (see [constriction], [deglutition], [dentition], [fangs], [glottis], [hibernation], [progression], [respiration], [teeth], etc.);

by name:

ABOMA, [454];

acanthophis, [172];

adder, [49], [172], [392], [410], [424], [471];

aglyphodontes, [347];

amphisbœna, [44], [91], [174], [189], [190], [353];

[anaconda], [112], [210], [228], [232], [441], [454], et seq.;

ancistrodon, [11], [495], [571], [572];

anguis 48, [54], [89], [93], [171], [183], [187], [279], [346], [353], [410], [452], et seq., [471];

anholodontes, [347];

anodon, [66], [343], [347], [414];

apistoglyphes, [347];

aproterodontes, [347];

asp, [268];

atropos, atrox, [374], [422];

avusamans, [230].

BLACK s., [6], [63], as ‘racer’, [180], [182], [199];

Blackie’, [458], et seq.;

blauser, [152], et seq.;

blindworm, [44] (see anguis);

boa, [35], [47], [111], [134], [157], [183], [220], [228], [353], [435], [584], et seq.;

boiginininga, boiguira, [277];

boicinininpeba, boycininga, [430];

boodon, [347];

boomslange, [407];

boschmeester, [420];

bothrops, [383], [385], [416], [422], [426], et seq.;

brachyura, [177], [374];

broad-scaled s.,423;

[Bucephalus], [407];

bull s., [155], et seq.;

bull-killer’, [229];

bungarus, [349], [357], [501];

bushmaster, [176], [387], [422], et seq.

CALICO’ s., [410];

callophis, [537];

camoudi, [420], [429], [454];

Cape adder, [149];

capra capella, [190];

carpet s., [10], [424];

cascavel, [272], [277], [423];

cascobel, [397];

caudalis, [374];

caudisona, [275], [388];

cecilia, [353];

cenchris, [175], [176], [224], [226], [562], [577];

cerastes, [168], [315], [320], [324], [351], [389];

chicken s., [439];

[chilobothrus], [63], [93], [186], [437], [440], et seq., [449], et seq.;

Cleo’, Cleopatra, [15], [515], [525];

clotho, [148], [374], [422];

clothonia, [85];

[cobra], [13], [33], [60], [87], [181], [190], [268], [327], [349], [354], [363], [390], [401], [423], [442], [502], [511], [517], [537], [543], [560], [578];

cœnicoussi, [420];

coluber, [27], [47], [48], [52], [63], [74], [85], [91], [139], [180], [208], [353], [414], [437], [442], [495], [500], [567];

colubri, [434], [449];

colubrines, [178], [316], [318];

constrictor, [14], [39], [111], [135], [141], [178], [183], [198], et seq., [202], [213], [232], [247], [258], [267], [327], [438], [584];

cophias, [422];

copper-head, [176], [289], [392], [571];

coral, [10];

coronella, [83], [424], [435];

corral, [423];

counacouchi, counicouchi, [417];

couroucoucou, [419], [429];

courracouchi, [421];

craspedocephalus, [388], [396], a seq., [421], [423], [427];

crebo, cribo, [177];

[crotalidæ], [176], [270], [302], [318], [355], [357], [359], [362], [368], [381], et seq., [397], [494], [503];

[crotalus], [162], [269], et seq., [353], [375], [387], [421], [426], [495], [501], [519], [534], [541], [544], [553], [573], [574];

crotalophorus, [292], [388], [393];

cucurijuba, curucucu, [429];

cucuriù, cucuriubù, [454];

curucucu, [428];

cylindrophis,188;

cynodon, [347].

[DABOIA], [349], [365], [407], [436];

dasypeltis, [414];

deaf adder, [424];

death adder, [172], [180];

deer-swallower, [229];

deirodon, [67], [72], [412], [415];

dendrophidæ, [218], [408];

diamond s., [384], [423];

domina serpentum, [277];

dryadidæ, [218];

dryophidians, [325];

dumb rattlesnake, [392];

durissus, [366].

ECACOATL, [279];

echis, [150], [320], [351], [366], [389], [424], [440], [537], [554], [580];

[elaphis], [20], [185], [202], et seq., [336];

elapidæ, [39], [186], [338], [353], [355], [362], [422], [430], [535], [548], [567];

el trago venado, [454];

enhydrina, [237];

epicratis, [147], [203], [440];

eryx, [220];

eunectes, [456] (see [anaconda]);

eutania, [495].

FER-DE-LANCE, [319], [388], [423];

flammon, [419];

four-rayed s. (see [elaphis]);

furia, [422].

GARTER s., [162], [440];

geoptyas, [38];

glyphodon, [347];

gokurrah, [425];

guiarranpiaquana, [430];

great sea-ser., [221], [247], et seq.;

green mamba, [154].

HALYS, [386];

[hamadryad], [181], [333], [352], [387], [390], [442], [503], [567];

herpetum, [326];

heterodon, [152], [347], [350], [395], [401], [403], et seq., [407], [409], [422];

hexacornis, [325];

hoacoatl, [277];

holodontes, [347];

homalopsidæ, [224], [228], [234];

hoop s., [184];

hopplocephalus, [184], [423], et seq.;

horn s., horned v., [224];

horse-shoe s., [137];

hydrinus, [225], [243];

hydrophidæ, [169], [222], [232], [318], [348], [350], [355].

IARARACA, iararacuassa, [396], [429], [535];

ibibo, ibiboco, ibiboboca, [429], [430];

ibiracua, [396], [538];

iffulu, [230];

isodon, [347];

isodontiens, [347].

JACULUS, [196];

jacumama, [454];

Jamaica boa, [92], [119] (see [chilobothrus]);

jararaca, [10], [119], [359], [369], [402], [417], [421], [426], et seq.;

jarraracca, jararacussu, [396], et seq., [400], [406], [423], [429];

jararacucu, [369];

jararacpeba, [430], et seq.;

jeboia, [423].

KALA-SAMP, [425];

kamoudi, [429];

keautiah, [425];

king-snake, [177];

krait, [349];

kunikusi, [421].

LACERTINES, [14], [138], [570];

lachesis, [176], [357], [359], [365], [374], [387], [401], [416], [417], et seq., [421], et seq., [426], et seq., [556];

langaha, [325];

liophis, [332], [407], [410];

‘Lizzie’, [89], [470], et seq.;

lophophrys, [325];

lycodon, [347], [350].

MAMBA, [154];

mangeur de rats, [228];

matatoro, [229], [454];

massasauga, [393];

megæra, [422];

mocassin, [7], [10], [227], [410], [424], [439], [571] (see [Tropidontus]);

morelia, [384].

NAG SAMP, [425];

naja, [154], [328], [425] (see [cobra]), [580];

nasicornis, [224], [317], et seq.;

natrix, [52], [138] (see [ring-s.], [Tropidontus]).

OGMODON, [347];

oligodon, [66], [343], [347], [414];

ophiophagus, [62], [181], [333], [390], [422], [425], [442], [565] (see [Elaps], [Hamadryad]).

PASSERITA, [325];

pelagic ss., [233], [235], et seq.;

pelamis, [238], et seq.;

pelias, [495], [505];

pilot-s., [155], [182], [213];

pine-s., [93], [155];

pit-vs., [176] (see [crotalidæ]);

pituophis, [151], [156], [217];

platurus, [243];

prickly-s., [175];

proteroglyphes, [347];

psamophis, [152];

pseudechis, [548], [560];

[ptyas], [85], [213], [332], [348], [349] (see [rats].);

puffadder, [13], [177], [358], [562];

python, [78], et seq., [178], [202], [443], [446], [449], [514], et seq., [516], [583], et seq.

RACER, [6], [63], et seq., [86], [155], [169], [177], [180], [182], [199];

rachiodon, [347], [414];

raetel-schlange, [277];

[rat-s]., [38], [177], [214] (see [Ptyas]);

rat-tail s., [177];

rativoro, [228];

rattle-s., [116], [138], [165], [177], [193], [199], [210], [268], et seq., [272], [274], [289], [307], [353], [360], [370], et seq., [390], [394], [487], [496], [501], [509], [521], [541], [549], [563], et seq. (see [crotalus]);

red adder, [392];

[ring-s.], [27], et seq., [52], [74], [76], [83], [95], [167], [442], [566], et seq.;

river-s., [223];

river Jack, [137], [150], [223];

rudis, la rude, [414];

Russell’s v., [436] (see [Daboia]).

SCHLANGE, [49];

sea-ser., [248], et seq.;

serpente, [49];

sea-snakes, [222], [231], [318] (see [Pelagic]);

sepedon, [347]

serpentes à sonnettes, [279];

seven-banded s., [437], [439];

shiraraca, [396], et seq., [429];

simotes, [407];

slow-worm, [167], [327], [330], [424], [458], et seq. (see[Lizzie’]);

solenoglyphes, [347], [383];

sorococo, [419];

spilotes, [155], [177];

sucariuba, [454];

surucurù, [421];

surukuku, [419];

surucujù, [454].

TANGADOR, [277];

teuchlacotzauhqui, [279];

teutlacocauehqui, [277];

thanatophides, [383];

thorn-tail, [172], [173], [175], et seq., [224];

toboba, [423];

tomodon, [347], [350], [407];

tortrix, [220];

Totsey’, [201], [216], [439], [516];

trigonocephalus, [172], [175], [176], [177], [226], [227], [319], [373], [388], [392], [397], [421], [422], [427];

trimuresuri, [177], [181], [386];

[tropidontus], [37], [52], [89], [95], [127], [217], [223], [226], [227], [437], [439], [440], [450], [495], et seq., [571], et seq.;

two-headed s., [187], [190];

typhlops, [187], [189].

URICANA, [421];

urocrotalon, [292], [388];

uropeltis, [188];

uropsophus, [388].

VAIA, [423];

viperidæ, [348], [353], [355], [368];

v. atropos, [149];

v. aquatica, [174];

v. arietans, [148];

v. caudisona, [135], [275], [292], [370], et seq.;

v. elegans, [339], [436];

vipera, [223], [433];

vipers, [13], [137], [168], [224], [274], [318], [324], [363], et seq., [371], et seq., [424], [432];

v. berus, [441], [495];

v. caudalis, [177];

v. cornuta, [322];

v. nasicornis, [224], [317], [320], [324], [360], [387], [436], [441];

v. rhinosceros, [137], [150], [223];

vivera de la cruz, [423].

WATER MOCASIN, [224], [227];

water rattle-s., [174];

water-ss., [225];

water-v., [172], [224];

whip-s., [10], [219].

XENODON, [155], [347], [359], [395], [401], et seq., [407], [413], [421], et seq.

YELLOW BOA, [63] (see [Chilobothrus]).

ZAMENIS, [137].

Sound, ss. affected by, [525], et seq.

Specimens, badly-prepared, [45], [117].

Spencer, Edmund, ‘Fairie Queen’, [486].

[Spine], pliancy of, [212];

joints of, [213];

peculiar processes, [68];

illus., [68] (see [adaptation], [anatomy], [vertebræ], etc.).

Spittle from the Bag’ (1670), [556];

tasted and tested, ib.

Spix and Martin; ‘Travels in Brazil’, [397];

the jararacas, ib. 427.

Sprengle, Mr. C. J., letter to the R. Soc. (1722), [280];

experiments with vipers, ib.

Springing teeth’, [282], [370].

Squires, [514].

Sting:’ of a snake, [9], [95], et seq., [105];

of the tail, [170], et seq.;

the word defined, [49].

Stradling, Arthur, Esq., M.D., C.M.Z.S. etc., cannibalism, [39];

tongues of ss., [127];

effect of warmth, [164];

the ‘Cribo’, [178];

sensitiveness of tail, [183];

‘Totsey’, [216], [439], [516];

illus. of, [201];

movements of ss., [217];

carried down by floods, [232];

sea-ss. in the Atlantic, [238];

can they climb? 239;

valuable specimens, [339], [359];

crotalus bite, [366];

a gift to the Z. Gardens, [398];

C.M.Z.S., [399];

investigations, [400];

pseudo-fangs, [405], et seq.;

vernaculars, [422], et seq.;

confusion in names, [427];

ring s. incubating, [442];

an ‘affectionate’ snake, [516];

an eligible offer, [521];

ss. insensible to music, [526];

‘fascination’, [530];

antidotes, [534];

venoms differ chemically, ib.;

fangs protective, [536];

disintegrating power of venom, [557].

Stridulating apparatus, [309].

Styng, [49].

Sucking; of eggs doubted, [73];

of cows and women impossible, [84], et seq.;

by suction, [90];

the process watched, [92].

Suites de Buffon’, [80] (see [Duméril]).

Sullivan, ‘Rambles in Essequibo’, [419].

Sun and Serpent Worship’ (J. S. Phené), [514].

Swallowing (see deglutition): vipers, their young? 483, et seq.

Swim -bladder, the, [145].

[Swimming], action of, [145], [175], [213], [217] (see [water-ss.], [sea-ss.], etc.).

Synonyms, [48];

a plague to students, [396], et seq., [417], et seq.;

a stumbling-block to writers, [395], et seq., [418], et seq.;

the derivations useful, [416], [422], [427].

T

[Tail]; horny tip, [155], [172], et seq.;

‘stinging’, [170], et seq.;

‘mischievous’, [171], [173];

feelings expressed by, [155], [176], [179], [180], [587];

prehensile, [180], [202], [224], [233], [245], [472];

length varies, [177], [178];

sensitiveness, [183];

of burrowing ss., [188], et seq., [472], et seq.;

a propeller, [213], [223], [233], [472];

power of, [183], [587];

a fulcrum, [187], [473];

of Lachesis, [387];

of Xenodon, [155];

of tree-ss., [218], [386];

of water-ss., [223];

of sea-ss., [233];

of rattlesnakes (see [rattle]);

sloughs, [336];

how discarded, [337];

illus., [176], [188], [296], et seq.

Tasmania;

broad-scaled ss., [423].

Taste; dull, [34], [59];

assisted by the tongue, [72], [86], [528];

Huxley on, [121].

Taxidermy, formerly bad, [45], [117].

Tayle’, the, [271], [280].

Taylor, Colonel Meadows, Indian castes, [513].

[Teeth]; as holders, [29];

six rows, [32], [343];

claw-shaped, [34], [344];

for grasping, [34];

replacement of, [344];

gradations in, [342];

specialties, [347];

illus., [349], [355];

exceeding fineness of, [137], [348], [360];

sometimes absent, [66], et seq. (see [dentition], [fangs]).

Telegraph cable, the, sea-s. caught in, [239].

Templer, Mr., catching a ‘Larke’, [50].

[Tennant], Sir Emerson; sea-ss. near Ceylon, [245];

affection of cobras, [502].

Texas; cannibal ss. observed, [571].

Thanatophidia, the’ (see [Fayrer]).

Todd, ‘Cyclopædia of Anatomy’, [118], [434].

Tombes, Charles, Esq., M.A., ‘On the Succession of Poison Fangs’, [363], [365], [373].

[Tongue]; sensitiveness, [72];

use in drinking, [80];

‘a sting’, [95], [106], et seq.;

not a brush, [108];

a feeler, [109], [112], [121];

position of, [125];

activity, [126];

colour, [127], et seq.;

Shakspeare on, [97], et seq.;

of journalists, [103];

of sea-ss., [125], [234].

Topsell; his ‘Serpentes’, [43], [477];

his Natural History’, [101].

Torpor, period of, [162];

variable, [163] (see [hibernation], [respiration]).

Torquata, the collar, [52].

Tortoise; an ‘insect’, [43];

vulgarly ‘turtle’, ib.

Tortugas, sea-ss. off, [231].

Trachea, [133] (see windpipe, [glottis]).

Traill, Dr. Thos. Stewart, translator of Schlegel’s work, [3].

Transactions; of the Royal Society (see [Phil. Trans].);

of the Z. Soc., [82], [235], [440], [516], [592].

Travels in the Amazon’, [158], [396], [421].

Travels in Brazil’ (Spix and Martin), [397].

Travels in Peru’ (Tschudi), [419].

Travels Round the World’ (Kingston), [418].

Tree ss., [53], [54], [67], [181], [218], [386], [430].

Tropical World’ (Hartwig), [418].

Tropidos, the keel, [223].

[Tschudi], the Flammon of Peru, [419].

[Tyrrell], keeper at the Reptilium, a witness, [185];

an assistant, [402] (see [Zoo. Gardens]).

Tyson, Dr. Edward; dissection of Vipera caudisona, [275];

on the larynx, [135];

on the ‘pit’, [277];

volitionary action of [fangs], [370] (see [Phil. Trans. 1683]).

U

United States of America;

Association for the Advancement of Science, [485];

Science Convention on Snakes, [485], et seq.;

Exploring Expeditions, [162], [291], [293], [309], [376];

official Reports to Congress, [162], [291];

Dr. Elliott Coues, [199], [309], [376], [394];

herpetologists of, quoted, De Kay, [85];

Emmons, ib.;

Holbrooke, [86], et seq.;

Dr. Weir Mitchel, [535], et seq.;

F. W. Putnam, and the members of the Con., [485];

ophiological experiments (see Coues, Mitchel, [Putnam], etc.).

V

Valenciennes; on the py., [78], et seq., [444], et seq.

Vallée gave drink to the py., [79].

Valley of Wyoming infested with ss., [289].

Veleno, il della vipera (Fontana, 1767), [368].

Venner, Elsie, [301].

Venom; varies in ss., [534];

intensity of, [360], [537], [533];

remedies for, [552], et seq.;

modes of treatment, [545], et seq. (see [Fayrer], [Mitchell], etc. etc.).

[Vernaculars], [277], [279], [397], [419], [429];

Stradling on, [423].

[Vertebræ]; of Deirodon, [67];

number of joints, [209], [210];

articulation, [212];

capabilities of, [196], [202], et seq., [212], [587];

distinctions in, [211] (see [spine], [constriction]).

Vestiges of limbs, [54];

in anaconda, [220], [453];

in form of ‘claws’, [219], et seq.;

Darwin on, [326];

Huxley on, [327].

Vibratile; action of fangs, [278], [375], [403], [409];

of tail, [155], [180], et seq., [587].

Vibration through solids affects ss., [526].

Virginia, [5];

‘Generall Historie of’, [272];

‘Account of’, [274];

‘History of’ (Beverley), [281], (Howe), [289];

old writers on, [369];

adventures in, [6], [64].

Viviparous, [431];

not peculiar to vs., [433] (see [incubation], [gestation]).

Voice, [146], et seq. (see [breathing], etc.).

Voyage of the Alceste’, Captain M’Leod, [111].

W

Wagler; eunectes, [228];

a herpetologist, [383];

not trustworthy, [427].

Wales, H. R. H. the Prince of, [22], [87].

Wales;

numbers of ss. in, [167];

a ‘venomous’ worm in, [480].

Wallaby hunters, [167].

Wallace, A. R., F.R.S., etc.; a half-strangled boa, [157];

the crotalidæ, [382], [386];

sound of rattle, [309];

the Jararaca, [396];

the Surucurù, [421].

Wanderings’ (see [Waterton]).

Washington, D. C., Smithsonian Contributions, [374].

[Water] ss., [174], [221], et seq.

[Waterton], Charles, Esq.; the Counacouchi, [417];

high colouring, ib.;

a stumbling-block, [419].

Webster, Noah;

a doubtful snake, [396].

Western World’, the (Kingston), [418].

Whisky; a popular remedy, [548];

enormous doses, [549];

approved by Halford, [550];

Mitchell, ib.;

Shortt, ib.;

generally efficacious, [549], et seq.

White, Gilbert; believed the maternal affection of vipers, [490].

Whydah, py. deities at, [514].

Wild Life’ (Du Chaillu), [186].

Wilson, Dr. Andrew; reptiles not highly organized, [18];

unscientific observers, [50];

imaginary sea-ser., [250];

abnormal developments, [265].

Wind -pipe, the, [130];

with a volitionary action, [131];

Owen on, ib.;

formation of, [133];

length, [134];

Tyson on, [135];

Duméril, ib.;

observations, [137], et seq.;

muscles of, [141] (see [glottis]).

Wood (‘Natural History’); the slow-worm, [453].

Woodward, the Messrs., ‘South Africa’, [70], et seq.

Worcester; a doubtful s., [397].

Worms, gigantic, [45];

the Laidley, [117];

occasionally ‘venomous’, [480].

Wright; a doubtful snake, [397].

Wrongly -named’, [470] (see[Lizzie’]).

Wucherer, Dr., on Xenodon, [155], [401], [409];

tree ss. 219;

C.M.Z.S., [401];

the Surucucus, [421].

Wyman, Professor, U.S., gastric juice of ss., [489].

Y

Yarmouth, sea-sers. at, [252].

Yates, F. H., Esq., ‘History of Egypt’, how ss. insert venom, [96].

Yawning; after meals, [30], [36];

quite a business, [37];

position of jaws when, [37], [136];

opportunities for inspection, [136], [139].

Z

Zambesi, Expedition to the (Livingstone), [230].

Zeuglodontia, the, imaginary sea-ser., [249].

Zimmermann, Professor (1800) incipient rattles, [299].

Zoological Gardens, [10];

Royal ophiophilists, [20];

a boon, [23];

blanket swallowed, [35];

cannibals, [39];

the ‘moccasins’, [10], [227], [572];

lectures at, [24];

eggs for food, [62];

the tanks, [92], [145];

snakes drinking, [92];

actions of snakes in water, [145], [218];

gossip, [94], [105], [585];

old coats, [193];

a means of instruction, [105], [110], [441];

What can it be? 129;

the air tube, [138];

hibernation, [163];

observations, [127], [333], [528], [561], et seq.;

baby vipers, [321], [432], [499];

acrobatic performances, [200], et seq., [214];

seizing the opportunity, [203];

length of anaconda, [230];

Mr. Bartlett of, [255], [322];

interrupted studies, [138];

snakes born there, [321], [436], et seq., [499], [500];

important additions, [398], [402], [455], [520];

a newly-hatched brood, [500];

a sudden thought, ib.;

‘Totsey’, [201], [216], [439], [516];

slow-worms climbing, [482];

fascination, [528], [578];

tame ss., [515];

casting the cuticle, [333], et seq.;

Heterodons, [411];

the Xenodons, [402], et seq.;

notes from the Z.G., [562], et seq.;

the Ophiophagus, [565], et seq.;

a Government agent, [570];

relative poisons, [575], et seq.;

‘coiling’, [573];

dinner time, [582];

the blankets, [588];

the keepers’ risks, [564], [588];

the Heloderm, [589], et seq.;

‘horrid’, [591];

the new Reptilium, [592].

Zoological Journal’ (1826), edited by Bell; Broderip on lubrication, [113], [134];

his observations confirmed by Bell, [140].

Zoological Miscellany’, the (J. E. Gray, ed.), Crotalidæ, [385].

Zoological myths, [50], [266].

Zoological Notes’ (Arthur Nicols, Esq.), [125], [310], [504].

Zoological Proceedings, [140], [155], [401], [421], [456], [497], [516].

Zoological Society, [24];

Cantor, [82], [235];

A. R. Wallace, [309];

Dr. Edwardes Crispe, [490].

Zoological Society;

Council of, Professor Bell, [78], [493];

a fortuitous arrival, [322];

Sec. of, [440].

Zoological Society, C.M. of, [399], [401].

Zoological Transactions, [82], [235], [440], [516].

Zoologist, the, [3], [70], [73], [442], [490], [492].

Zoology;

a progressive science, [3];

assisted by observations (see [Convention], [Florence], [Phil. Trans.], [Z. G.], etc.).

Zoology’, Carpenter’s, [44].

Zoology of New York’ (De Kay), [85].

Zoology of South Africa’, Andrew Smith, M.D., F.Z.S., [66], [68], [177], [230], [407].

Zurich, Gesner, Professor at, [102].

THE END.

MORRISON AND GIBB, EDINBURGH,
PRINTERS TO HER MAJESTY’S STATIONERY OFFICE.